English Today -Vol.7 [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

wi

in,tumrutkntr,t,l

Englirh Todoy 7. Elcmcnlcry level book three @

ENGLIS$dn)

2010 E-ducotion.it S.p.A., Florenfo, Itolio

All rights reserved Director editoriol: Cinzio Cqiozzo Redoclor-9ef: Meri Bortolocci, Filippo Melli Redoclori: Froncesco Bionchi, Borboro Boddi, Giulio Ricci Aceostd edilie 20'10 pentru Edituro Liiero opore sub licenfo E-ducotion.ii S.p.A., Florenfo, ltolio Toote drepturile rezervote

ELEMENTARY Level COURSEBOOK THREE

Nivel ELEMENTAR VOLUMUL 7

Edifie originold 2006 English Todoy

@

www.e-ducolion.it [email protected]

{lc, LITEFA

Edituro Litero

O.

P. 53; C. P.212, sector 4, Bucuregti, Romdnio lel.: 031 425 16'1.9; e-moil: [email protected]

Ne putefi vizito pe Trodqcere: Morino Loghin (corte), Smorondo Cdmpeonu (DVD) Editor: Vidrogcu 9i fiii

Coordonore proiect: llieg Cdmpeonu Coperld: Vlodimir Zmeev, Vlod Ponfilov Tehnoredociqre 9i prepress: Anco Suciu Descriereo CIP o Bibliotecii Notionole o Romdniei English Todoy / trod,: Morinq Loghin, Smorondo Cdmpeonu. Lilero lnternofionol, 201 0. '10

vol.

.

rsBN 978-973-67s-944-4

Yol.7

.-

ISBN 978-973-675-939-0

l. Loghin, Morino (trod.) ll. C6mpeonu, Smorondo (trod.) 8l

l.il l

rsBN 978-973- 67 5-939 -O

Tipdrit lo G.Conole, Bucuregli

-

Bucuregti:

**

E

u 4 I F !

Cuprins

o o o J q

u J e, F

lccfio 7

zq

Thot's life! Whot sholl we do? Sceno l: Lel's go doncing! 9

u = J

il

12

56 infelegem Focus

Comporolivul de superioritofe

l9

Exercifii

2t

Sceno 2: Stop moking stupid comporisons!

24 25

Sd infelegem Focus

Comporolivul de cAolirore gi de inferioritotc

32 34

Exercifii

Vocobulor

Lecfio 8

Thot's life! A speciol present 35 Scenq l: I hove no ideq where I would like lo go... 38 39

Sd infelegem Focus

Superlolivul relqtiv de superioritole 45 47 49 50

Exercifii Scenq 2: You ore the besl friends in the world... Sd ?nfelegem Focus

Superlotivul relotiv de inferiorilole gi superlotivul obsolul 53 55

Exercifii

Vocobulor

q

q E

z

c I v

u c

)U

o o E

o

J

o F

U U

I

2

J

o

e,

zU

I

Television Progrommes

lrclio

Cinemo

Thot's life! Un codou deosebit 8l Scenq l: N-om idee unde vreou sd merg'..

57 50

Sundonce Film Festivol 56 infelegem

62

Focus

55

74

Progrome de televiziune

Exercifii

Cinemo 85 Sundonce Film Feslivql

E-leorning

Let's tolk

Sd tnfelegem

87

E-leorning

9l

Solufiileexerciliilor

Focus

E-leorning, o noud metodd de o invdfo Exercifii

Troducereo episoodelor Lecfio 7

Thot's life! Ce or trebui sd focem? 75 78

Sceno 2: Suntefi cei mqi buni prieteni din lume...

Cinemo, ce posiune!

Let's iolk

66 59 70

83

l: Sd mergem sd donsdm! Sceno 2: Sd termindm cu comporofiile proslegti! Sceno

F

zu

)U

U =

E q

e

I v

lecfio

7

Thot's life! V/hot sholl we do?

o o E J q

u J e,

F

zu

:u J

ln

episodul ,,Thot's life!", cei cinci prieteni vorbesc despre cum sd-gi pelreoc6 seorq: unii vor sd meorgd lo cinemotogrof, ollii lo discotecd; vor oiunge Tn cele din urmd lo o infelegere?

secfiuneo de gromolicd invdfdm comporoiivul de superiorilote, de egolitote gi de.inferioritote. Apoi vom vedeo voriofiile orlogrofice core survin lo unele odiective cOnd formeozd comporotivul de superiorilote.

in

Lel's go duncing! SCENA I

Peler: Well guys, why don'l we go lo lhe cinemo tonighl? Anne: Thot's o greot ideo. Whol's on? Peter: Well, lhere's the new film with-Schworzenegger. Thqt should be good.

Alice: You're ioking, right? Peler: No, l'm not. Whot would you suggesi? Alice: How oboul going io ihe disco? Peler: The disco? Are you crozy, Alice? Thol's nol even music... Thot's simply noise!

Alice: Come on, Peter! lt's Soturdoy night, we hqve to do somelhing speciol... Something exciling ! And going doncing is surely more exciting thon going to lhe cinemo...

u

E q e I F Y

u u

z o q

u o o F

r a o

zU

Jock: I ogree wilh Alicel Let's go doncing! Anne: Whot obout o third choice? Peler: I guess Anne is right! Why don'i we try to find o good compromise? Alice: Come on, guys! How boring ond old-foshioned you ore!

Peler: ... And you ore more frivolous ihon I om, Alice! Jock: Come on guysl Don'l orgue now, pleose! Lef's voie on it! Well, Alice ond I wont to go doncing. Peter ond Anne don'i... How oboul you, Shoron? Shoron: I don'i know... Well... The disco is probobly more enlertoining lhon the cinemo... Alice: Greot! Okoy, guys... Three ogoinst two... Let's go doncing!

Sd infelegem ($olulii lo pos. 9l)

Vrriflcd doc6 oi infeles diologul, rdspunzdnd lo intrebdrile €gro urmeoz6. Docd inldmpini greutdfi, pofi viziono din nou episodul pe DVD sou pofi consulto vocobulorul de lo tfOrpitul lecfiei.

I

o o o J q

u J v F

zu u = J u

Wh"r" does Peler wsnt to go this evening?

tr o) To the cinemq tr b) To the disco tr c) To o concerl

E Whot does Alice suggesl? tr o) To stoy oi home ond wotch o film tr b) To go doncing tr c) To go for o pizzo E Whot is Alice like occording lo Peier? E o) Boring ond old-foshioned tr b) More frivolous thqn him tr c) Very stronge E Whqt does Shqron think oboul the disco? tr o) Thot it's too noisy tr b)Thot it's very speciol tr c) Thof il's more enierloining thon the cinemo

l0

ll

2 u u

E

2 o

o o

u o o F I

=

z

u 4 I F

Focus

Adjocriv/odverb + -er + lhsn

Comporqtivul de superioritqte

London is sofer thqn Ncw York

Formo comporotivd e folositd peniru o siobili o diferenfd inlre doud persoqne sou doud lucruri, ori inlre doud grupuri de persoone sou de lucruri. Trei sunt formele comporolive pentru odiective gi odverbe: de superioritote, de egolitole gi de inferioritole. Comporofio poote privi gi substontive 9i verbe. Sd ?ncepem cu comporotivul de superioritote, lo core se disting doud situofii.

Your cor is cheoper lhqn mine

urm6loore:

+ -er ) + -er ) + -er ) + -er I + -er )

cheoper moi ieftin/d smoller moi mic/d hotter moi cold/d higher mai inalt/d

loter

moi tdrziu

Cel de ol doileo lermen ol comporofiei e precedot intotdeouno de ,,thon" (decdf), cu urmdlooreo construcfie: t2

Londro e mqi sigurd decdt New Yorkul Mogino to esfe moi ieftind dec6t o meo Azi e moi cold decdt ieri

Todoy is holter thon yeslerdoy

Au sosit moi l1rziu decdt md

They orrived loter thon I oxpecled

ogfeptom

vARrATil ORTOGRAFTCE PENTRU ANUMITE ORUPURI DE ADJECTIVE

Adiectivele gi odverbele monosilobice, odicd formote dintr-o singurd silobd, 9i odiectivele bisilobice (doud silobe) corg sg lermind Tn u-y", ,r-owt' , ,,-ett , ,,-er" , o-le" - dinire core, spre exemplu, ,,hoppy" (fericit), ,,prally" (frumugel, grofios),,,simple"(simplu) etc. - formeozd comporolivul de superioritote prin oddugoreo sufixului ,,-er" le sfdrgitul _odiectivului sou ol odverbului, dupd cum se orotd in schemo

(ieftin/d) smoll (micld) hot (co/d/d) high Qnolt/d) lote (f6rziu)

J

u

ADJECTIVELE MONOSITABICE tr UNELE BtStLABtCE

cheop

E

Dupd cum oi observoi din onumile exemple pe core locmoi le-om ciiot, lo unele odiective, cdnd formeozd comporotivul de superiorilole, survin voriofii ortogrofice. Sd le vedem impreund. Adiectivele core se lermind

in ,,-y'precedot de consoond

formeoz6 comporotivul elimindnd ,,y" Fi oddugdnd sufixul ,,-ier", cum se orotd in schemo urmdtoore: hoppy (fericit/d)

-y

*

-ier

)

funny (distroctiv/d)

-y

*

-ier

) funnier moi disfroctiv/d

eosy (ugor)

-y

*

-ier

) eosier

I om

hoppier thon you

His ioke wos

lhqn mine

funnier

hoppier

mc,i

fericif/d

moi ugor

Eu sunl moi fericil decdf tine

Boncullui o fosf moi distracliv decdt ol meu

U J

e, F

zu u = J U

zut

g

u

I F

u c Y

z o 6 U J

o o

F I q

zu

English is eosier thon

Englezo

Russion

ruso

e moi upoord decdt

Adiectivele monosilobice core se termind cu o singurd consoond precedotd de o vocold dubleozd consoono finold Tnoinie de o oddugo sufixul ,,-er", dupd cum pofi observo in schemo core urmeozd: hot (coldlri) sod (frisfl6)

+ -t t + -d t

hotler sodder

mai cold/d

moi trist/d

lioly is hotter thqn Scotlond

lfolio esfe o lord moi coldd decdf Scofio

He is sqdder lhon

El esfe mai trist

decdt ieri

yesterdoy

Adiectivele monosilobice core se termind cu un ,,-e" mul formeqzd comporolivul de superioritole primind numoi ,,-r", dupd cum pofi vedeo in schemo urmdtoore: nice (drdguf/dl

sofe (sigurld)

+ -r + -r

) nicer I sofer

moi drdguf/d moi

sigur/d'

llSTut

ADJECTIVETOR BISILABICE

ItuRtsltABlcE

tl

CEtE

Calelolte odiective 9i odverbe bisilobice nemenfionole onlerior pi ioote odiectivele 9i odverbele compuse din trei sou din moi muhe silobe formeozd comporoiivul de superioritote pundnd lnointeo odiectivului sou odverbului respectiv odverbul ,,more" (moi), dup6 cum pofiobservo din schemo urmdtoore: lnlcresting (interesont/ d) difficult (greu, greo) exciting (emofionont/d)

tlowly (incet)

) I ) )

more more more more

inleresting mai inleresant/d

difficult

moi greu, moi greo

exciting

moi emofionont/d

slowly

mc'i incet

Ortogrofio odiectivului sou o odverbului nu se schimbd:

More + qdiectiv/sdverb + thsn The new model is more

Modelul nou

procticol thon the old one London is more expensive thon Modrid This test is more difficult thqn the losl lest Con you speok morc slowly,

decdt cel vechi

e

moi prodic

Londro e moi scumpd decdl

Modridul

fesful ocesfo esle moi greu decdl ullimul Pofi vorbi moi ror,le rog?

pleose?

The red hot is nicer the green

one

thon

The countryside is sofer the

city

thqn

Pdldrio rogie e moi drdguld decdf ceo verde Vialo lo ford esfe sigurd dec6t vialo la orag

Fii qlent: pentru o nu repelo ocelogi substontiv,

odeseo

dupd un odiectiv se odougd cuvintele ,,one" (docd se referd lo un substontiv lo singulor) gi ,,ones" (pentru subslontive lo plurol), ce corespund pronumelor demonstrotive din romdnd ,,ocelo/oceeo (cel/ceo)" 9i ,,oceio/oceleo (cei/ cele)" (exemple: Which hol do you wont? The red one or lhe green one? ) Ce pdldrie vrei? Fe ceo rogie sou pe ceo verde?; He prefers Germon cors rolher thon ltolion ones ) EI preferd moginile germonein locul celor ifolienegfi).

o o o J u u J d F

zU

:

q J U

u H c I

zq

F

ul

x

o

z

o u o

U F I

f o

zU

COMIARATIVE NEREGUTATE

COMPARATIVUL DE SUPERIORITATE At SU BSTANTlVE tOR Comporotivul de superiorilote ol substontivelor se formeozd oddugdnd odverbul ,,more" inointeo numelor, otdl lo singulor c6t gi lo plurol. Construcfio e lo fel cu ceo folositd pentru odiective, cum se qrold in schemo urmdtoore:

More

r

subslonliv lo singulor/plurol

Jock hos more

lhqn

Peter

money

Anne hqs more friends thqn her sister

Jock

f

ihon

are moi mulli boni decdl

Peter

Anne ore moi mul\i prieteni decdf soro ei

COMPARATIVUT DE SUPERIORITATE

At

VERBETOR

Pentru verbe, comporolivul de superioriiote se formeozd osffel:

Verbul I

*

more lhon

work more lhon I should Eu muncesc moi mult decdl ar lrebui

Cdnd ocfiuneo despre core se vorbegle e idenlicd cu o celui de ol doileo termen ol comporofiei, odicd qlunci cdnd esle vorbo de o comporo doud modolitali de o executo oceeogi ocfiune, verbul celui de ol doileq lermen ol comporofiei este inlocuit de ouxiliorul corespunzdtor (pentru o evito repetifiile) sou de numele propriu de persoond ori de un pronume in cozul ocuzotiv: He wolks more lhon you (do)

El merge pe dec6f fine

ios moi

mull

Urmdloorele odiective gi odverbe formeozd comporotivul neregulot:

wcll

(bine)

better

moi bun/d moi bine

bod

(rdulreo) I

worse

moi rdu/rea

littls

(micla) )

less

moi mic/d

much mony

)

) e F

zU

(bunld) l I

good

o o J u u

(multld) I I more (mul1ile) )

moi muh/d mai mulli/multe

Wolking is bcller lhon running

Sd mergi e moibine decdl s6 olergi

Todoy lhe weother is worse lhon yesterdoy

Azi vremeo e rnoi reo decdt ieri

:u J

U

E

u 4

u uJ

I F

o

o o

Y

vl

IA

u o

ADJECTIVE CU COMPARATIV DUBTU

Exercif ii

Urmdtoqrele odiective ou o formd dubld de comporoliv:

(Bolulii lo pos.

F

= = o

z

for(indepdrtot/d,

deporfe)

old (bilrAn/dl

I

further

moi deporle; uherior

t forther moi.indepdrtol/d, mat deporte

older

moi bdfrdn/d,

_rr^_- moi more co vdrsfd, elder mor vorstntc/6

forlher/ Soufhompfon e moi deporle further thon Brighton decdt Brighton The elder brolher is ihree Frofele moi mare e cu frei oni yeors older lhon the oiher mai vdrslnic decdl celdlolt Southompton is

Fii otent: ,,furlher", in oforo semnificofiei ,,moi indepdrtot/moi deporte" (cu core poote fi folosit ohernotiv cu ,,forther"),. o ore gi pe ceo de ,,ulterior" (exemplu: Any further discussion is useless ) Orice discufie ullerioord e inulild); - ,,elder" (moi vdrstnic) se folosegie numoi cu referire lo persoone gi moi oles lo membrii oceleiogi fomilii.

-

J

9l)

momenlul sd exersezi pufin comporotivul de superioriiote. lncrorcd sd foci comporofiifolosind odiectivele pi odverbele #ormote dinlr-uno, din doud sou din moi muhe silobe. E

u u J d, F

zu u = J

U

lxtRclTlut

I

€ompleteozd propozifiile olegdnd formo corectd.

I

Pater. donces ... thon Jock. El o)worse tr b) boder E c) bodder

E

But he sings much ...

E o) gooder E b) more well E c) better

I

P"t"r is ... thon Alice.

E o) boringer E b) mosl boring EI c) more boring

E

Alice hqs more fun ... Peter.

tro)of tr b)thon tr c)to

l8

6

zU

U U

U

F

e r Y

z o 6 6 q J

o

o F

o

EXERCITIUt

2

Completeozd propozifiile trqducdnd odiectivele sou qdverbele lo comporotiv dinire poronteze.

o

zu

E

Pleose Alice, con you

speok

E

U

2

Alicr: Here's my porty-hot! How do you like ir? Annr: You look greoi! I envy you! Hots reolly suit you!

.........

thon Jock'

I know Alice, bui il's ................-.. if I do os l'm used to'

(moi ugor)

E

lclNA

..-................'?

(moiincet) El Peler, you ore even (moitrist)

6

Anno, Shoron gi Alice se pregdlesc sd iosd in orog.

I

Come on, like this is (mult moi distroctiv)

o

Slop moking slupid compdrisons!

Allco: Well, I envy your room, Anne. But with oll this troffic how do you sleep?

Anne: Oh, l'm used to it. Shoron: Which disco ore we going to? Alice: ,,Porodise". lt's o new disco on King's Rood... ll's very nice!

Anne: Did Tom ond you go there together? Alice: Yes, we went lost Soturdoy... We spent o nice night logether...

Anne: Moybe I osked the wrong question. You don't like Tom, do you?

Alice: He's boring, very boring... Besides, he's on Aries! And he lolks loo much... Losl night. for exomple, he showed me oll the pictures of his holidoy in the Alps. He tolked for on hour obout the mounloins... Bui I hote the mounloins! Shoron: Why do you soy thol? The mounloins ore beoutiful ond spectoculor. Alice: I prefer the beoch... ll's more reloxing ond entertoining!

Shoron: Oh, I don'i know. I think the beoch is more boring lhon the mounloins. Anne: Why do you soy thot?

J

u J

e F

zU u = J U

E E

zu

c I

u

Y

z o

F

Shqron: Well, think obout it. Lying on lhe beoch every doy. li's much more inleresting to be wolking in lhe countryside. Anne: Yes, bui ii's usuolly colder in lhe mountoins. I think lhe beqch is olso more romonlic.

o zu

Alice: Girls! Stop lolking nonsense! How do I look? Shqron: You look very pretty, Alice!

6

u

J

o o

-2

Aller: I lold you, the red one. Wilh lhot one on you'll look Fnorc mochol Yes, mocho, thot's lhe righi word! Jock: Reolly? Mocho? I like it! Okoy, l'll put on the red shi*! Do you ogree with Alice, Shoron? Aboui being mocho, lmcon...

thoron: url

Alice: Thonks, Shoron. Bul you look better thqn me. Shoron: No, how con you soy lhoi? You qre much more lonned thon I om. Alice: Yes, bul you ore in better shope. Anne: And me? How do I look? Shoron: You ore very pretty too, Anne. Anne: l'm sure l'm noi neorly os beouiiful os you! Shqron: Come on, girls! Stop moking siupid comporisons! Let's iusl soy thot we ore oll different... (Sosegte Jock cu

doud cdmdgi in m6nd.)

Jock: Hey girls! Okoy, ore you reody? I need your odvice... Which shirt is belter, occording lo you? ' Alice:. The red one! lt's much better thon the blue one for o disco-night. Jqck: And you, Shoron? Whot do you ihink?

Shoron: Well, I think the red one is funnier, while the blue one is more professionol... I prefer the blue one. Jock: So, girls, which shirt should I pul on?

Come on, Jock! ll's lote... The disco is woiling for

o o 6 J q

U J

& F

zu

: E J

u

2 g

H q

c

u z o

t

4

u J

o o F I

2 o

zU

! F

Y

o

Sd Tnfelegem (Solufii lq pog.

9l)

Verificd docd oiinfeles diologul, rdspunzdnd lo urm6loorele

intrebdri.

E E

Hots reolly don't suit Alice. True

El Folse

E

Wtry doesn'l Alice like Tom?

E o) Becouse he is not good looking

tr b) Becouse he is boring ond tolks too much E

c) Becouse she is toller ihon him

E Whot does Shoron think obout the mountoins? tr o) Boring ond less reloxing thon lhe beoch tr b) Less romonlic thon lhe counlryside tr c) Beoutiful ond spectoculor E Whicn shirt does Alice prefer? tr o)The blue one becouse il's more professionol tr b) The red one becouse il's much better for the disco tr c) Neither

o G J

Focus

u ! J

Comporqtivul de egolitqte / dr inferioritqte

d, F

zU

€O'I,IPARATIVU t DE EGATITATE A! ADJECTTVETOR tr Ar ADVERBELOR €emporotivul de egolitote ol odiectivelor gi ol odverbelor ll formcozd in felul urmdtor:

Ar + odicctiv/odverb + ss

Hl'r or toll qs I om/me My tiater is os good my

molher

os

El este cdl mine de

inolt

Soro meo esfe tot otdf de bund co mama meo

Lg formo negolivd, inoinle de odiectiv sou de odverb se poole folosi ol6t,,nol os" cdt gi ,rnol so" (,,not" se poote lego dl vorb, integrdndu-se in formele lui controse). Cel de ol dollgo lermen ol comporofiei se inlroduce mereu cu ,,os". flna minte cd formo negotivd o comporotivului de egoliloie poole inlocui odeseo perfeci, co sens, comporolivul de luperioritote sou de inferioritoie:

Nol qslnot so + odiecliv/odverb + ss I con'l speok French or fluently os you (con)

-

You con speok French rnore fluently thon I

(con)

Nu yorbesc froncezo lol otdt de fluenl co line : fu yorbetli froncezo moi fluenl decdl mine

:u J

u

z tlr

E U c

tu

I F

Y

z o

ul

u o o F !

Rose is

nol so clever

os you (ore) You ore more clever

:

thon Rose

Rose nu e

lol oldl de

degteopfd co tine = fu effi moi degteoptd decdf Rose

o o

COMPARATIVUT DE EGATITATE 3UBSTANTIVETOR

E

It

J

u U J

hnlru

subslontive, comporotivul de egolitote se formeozd

ar#rl:

F

zU

:U

= o

zu

u

J

Ar much * substontiv lo singulor + os At mony f substontiv lo plurol + os

Hr hos got os much money

tt

I hqve/me

You reod os mony books

il

ldo/me

U

El ore lol otdlio boni co gi mine

fu cilegti lot ollleo cdrli cdl mine

tg formo negotivd se pot folosi otdt ,,nol os much" ori ,,nol

f9 much" inointeo subsloniivului lo singulor cdt gi ,,not

os

lllony" ori ,,not so mony" inoinieo celui lo plurol. Cel de ol dollco lermen ol comporofiei se introduce mereu cu ,,os". Jlnr minte cd formo negoiivd o comporotivului de egolitote pooto inlocui odeseo perfect, co sdns, comporoiivul de tuperioritote squ de inferioriloie.

Nst os/not so much + substqnliv lo singulqr + us Not ss/nol so mdny * substontiv lo plurol + os

She

doesn'l eorn qs much

Fo nu cdpfigd

olllio boni

money qs she would like

cdl or vreo

Mory didn'l pick os mqny flowers os I did

Mory nu o cules ollleo flori cdle om cules eu

z s

E U c

u

F

I

Y 4

o EI

J

o o F

r = o

zU

They hoven'l so mony CDs Ei/ele nu ou otdtea CD-uri cdfe qm eu os I hove/me : I hove more CDs lhon : Am mai multe CD-uri

they

hove

decdl ei/ele

COMPARATIVUT DE EGALITATE

Ff#rcl, cq sens, cu comporotivul de superioritole sou lnfurloritote,

VERBELOR.

Pentru verbe, comporotivul de egolitole se formeozd qstfel:

o verbului

Ht doccn't sludy os

l!

rhe does

=

3ho ctudies more

much

Thry didn't eot so much

Docd fi-e sefe, pofi beo lf you ore thirsty, you con drink os much os you wont cdf (de mull) vrei

Cdnd ocfiuneo despre core se vorbegte este ideniicd cu o celui de ol doileo termen de comporofie, odicd olunci cdnd se pune problemo sd compori inlre doud modolitali de o foce oceeogi ocfiune, verbul celui de ol doileo termen ol comporofiei esle inlocuit de ouxiliorul corespondent (pentru

q evilo repetifiile) sou de numele propriu de persoond ori de un pronume ?n cozul qcuzotiv:

He eols qs much os

ldo

(me) EI md.ndncd

la fel de muh

lhry

wonled

os

:u J

u

EI nu invold cdf eo

:

Eo

invold mai muh co el

Eo reugegle sd doormd

cdf mine

€U odicctive, odverbe gisubstonlive lo singulor, comporoiivul

lnferiorilole se formeozd pundnd ,,less" (moi pufin) tnElnleo respeclivelor pdrfi de vorbire. Al doileo termen el comporofiei este introdus de ,,thon" (decdt), lo fel co lo €omporotivul de superioritote. Privegte schemo urmdloore:

+ odiectiv/odverb/substontiv lo singulor

I om bss generous lhon him

less Jock

Anne drives dongerously thon

propoziliile negolive, comporotivul de egolitote se consiruiegle folosind verbul lo formo negotivd urmot fie de ,ros much os", fie de ,,so much os". fine minie cd formo

in

negotivd o comporotivului de egolitote poote inlocui odeseo

Ei/ele nu au mdncol otdl cdl ou vrul

dt

ca m,ne She con sleep os much os I con

U

zu

GOIAPARATIVUT DE INFERIORITATE AT ADJEC?lv!!oR, Ar ADVERBETOR tt AL SUBSTANTTVETOR IA SINGULAR

lor

J

e F

* ss/so much os

lhEn ha does

Verb + os much os

E

u J

trnno nrgotivd

At

de

o o

i

lhqn

Eu sunl moi pulin generos dec6f el

Anne conduce moi pulin periculos decdt Jock

(dorc) l'lg eorns less money

El cdgtigd moi pulini boni

lhsn ldo/me

decdt mine

z s

E

u

I F

u 4 Y

z o 4

u J

COMPARATIVUT DE INFERIORITATE

At

VERBETOR

I hcva FFy

o F

ra

fcwer friends thon

:lalcr

J

U U J

Comporotivul de inferiorilole se formeozd cu verbe in felul urmdtor:

I beught frwer books thon lcrt weak

Eu om cumpdrot moi puline cdrli decdt sdptdmdno

lreculd

o

zU

Eu om moi pulini prieleni decdt soro meo

o o

6

J

Cdnd ocfiuneo despre core se vorbegle este identic6 cu o celui de ol doileo lermen ol comporofiei, odic6 otunci cdnd trebuie sd se focd o comporofie intre doud modolitAli de o foce o oceeogi ocfiune, verbul celui de ol doileo termen

ol comporofiei se lnlocuiegle cu ouxiliorul respectiv (pentru o evito repetifiile) ori cu numele propriu de persoon6 sou cu un pronume Tn cozul ocuzotiv:

You work less thon

Tu lucrezi moi pulin decdl

ldo

mine Pefer cifegte moi pulin decdl Jock

COMPARATIVUT DE INFERIORITATE SUBSTANTIVELOR tA PTURAL

At

Substonlivele lo

pl u

rol formeoz6 com porotivu I de inferioritote

oddugdnd,,fewer" (moi pufini/e) inoinleo substontivelor. Cel de ol doileo lermen ol comporofiei este introdus mereu de ,,lhon" (decdt), dupd cum orotd schemo ce urmeozd:

Fewer

f

zU u

tll etrnt:

Peler reods less thqn Jock (does)

F

:U

Verb+less+thon

(me)

d,

substontiv lo plurol + thon

comporolivul de inferioritote e odeseo inlocuit de in formo lui negolivd (exemplu: Todoy is less egolitote €el de yesterdoy Todoy is not os cold os yesterdoy €eld lhon Ail e nroi pulin frig decdt ieri Azi nu e ogo frig co ieri).

:

:

)

u u c I

u u

F

r^

x

z

o tt n u J

o o F I

2 o

zu

lxlrclTtur

Exercifii (Solufii lo pos. 91)

o

o 6

4

J

u u J

Tredu ln englezd.

e,

Acum inceorcd sd foci exercifiifolosind diferile comporolive

qle unor odieclive, odverbe, verbe 9i substoniive lo singulor 9i lo plurol.

EXERCITIUL

3

Compleleozd propozifiile olegdnd formo corectd de comporofie.

I lii:: *::::

:11

:::

:f:::l

E

c) more pretty os

E

But Alice is ... os Anne.

tr o) less intelligent tr b) not os intelligent tr c) so intelligent

E

ls Jock ... os Peter?

E o) more good looking

tr b) not os good looking tr c) os good looking E Con Peler donce tr o) os well os tr b) os betler os tr c) os better thqn

... Jock?

Titl

:u J

u

!

Eo cdgtigd moi pufin decdt Jock.

!

Muncegte tnsd toi oldt cdt Shoron.

tllllll.r')...".

E Shoron is ... Alice. tr o) os pretty os tr b) os prettier os

F

zu

!

Shoron nu invofd cdi or vreo.

g

U o2

I

F

Y

occording dupd, potrivil cu, in conformitole cu ogoinst contro, contror ogree (ro) o fi de ocord, o incuviinfo, o occeplo Alps Alpi orgue (lo) o se certo, o se cionddni, o se ciorov6i Aries Berbec (zodie) besides Tn oford de; moi mult, in plus blue olbostru choice olegere, opfiune cold frig comporison com porof ie, onologie, similitudine compromise compromis countryside sot, ford,

I Thot's life! A speciol present llclio

Vocshulqr lie (to) o sto intins, o z6ceo neorly oproope

noise zgomol, ga169ie, vocorm, lormd nonsense proslii, tdmPenii old-foshioned de modd veche, invechit/d porty-hol pAlArie de pelrecere probobly probobil professionol profesionol romonlic romontic shope formd, condilie simply pur gi simplu sleep (to) o dormi speciol speciol/d spectoculor spectoculos/ oos6, extroordinor/d spend (to) o petrece; o se mediu rurol dedico; o chehui, o consumo, donce (to) o donso o zvdrli (fig.) different diferit/6, felurit/d, suggest (to) o sugero, diverVd o propune disco discotecd suit (lo) o-i veni bine cu disco-nighl seord lo surely sigur, cert discotecd lonned bronzoVd enlerloining distroctiv/d, lhird ol treileo, o lreio noslim/d, simpotic/6 trqffic lrofic, migcore envy (to) q invidio even 9i, ?ncd, pdnd ti, chior used obignvil/d cu; folosit/d, de m6no o douo (in prop. negotive: nici vole on (lo) o voio, o olege mdcor, nicicum) frivolous frivol/ 6, superficiol/d while in timp ce lqst trecut/d

o o

ts J

u u J u F

zq

:U J

ln ecort episod, Alice q primil un codou foorle deosebit de ai, Tol6l eio vo duce s6 viziteze un orol europeon, insd =lce Alice nu poote sd se hol6roscd intre Progo, Vieno 9i Earel Modrid,

ln recfiuneo de gromotic6 invdfdm superlolivul reloiiv de luparioritote gi de inferioritote ql odiectivelor gi ol odverbelor. €ompordm superlotivul obsolut in englezd gi in romdnd.

I hqve no ldea where I would like lo go..,

tGtrua

t

Allcs e cu prietenul eilitorii.

ei

Tom gi rdsfoiegfe un pliont de

Allcr:

So, Tom... Which do you think is lhe best? Hmm, I lhink Progue is the mosl interesting. Tom:

Allcr: Are you sure? I lhink Vienno is more exciting thon Frogue.

Tom: Yes,"but ii's certoinly lhe most expensive tour.

Allce: lt doesn'l mofter... My fother is going to poy for averythingl And whot oboul Modrid? I think it's probobly lhe mosl exciting... Tom: Why do you soy thot?

Alice: Well... The night-life... l'm sure there ore o lot of discos.

Tom: Thot's true, but il's certoinly the hotlest city.

U

H U

l?

c I F Y

(}

u U H J

o

U

F I

o

zU

Alice: You're o good friend, Tom, bul"' You're so boring! I Jon't reolly coi oboul the weolher"' I iust wont lo enioy I wont myself! Thisirip is my fother's birthdoy present lo me' mosl the to olso bul city, to'go fo Europe's most interesting rp"liol ond the most enlertoining one! ioit f see... Well, I think oll three ore interesling cities!

Anne: Hi guYs, whot ore You doing? Alice: MyToth"t is going io give me o trip for my birthdoy' So l'm choosing where I would like to go"' Anne: Oh, reolly? Thot's greot! Are you going olone? Alice: No, my fother promised lo come with me"' Anne: Well, do you olreody hove on ideo of where you wont to go?

Atice: N'ot yetl I con'l moke up my mind between Vienno' Progre oni Modrid... Tom wos moking some ,,precious" suggestions."

Tom: Bul she isn'l toking my odvice"' As usuol! city' line: Well, I think Progue is probobly the oldest q lol-of ore There one' ir*eresting but Vienno is the most importont meetings in Vienno, ond lots of museums' loo'

Alice: Well, Modrid olso hos o lol of museums' Do you Airne: yes, thoi,s true... But Modrid

is certoinly the hottest city!

Alice: Oh my God, Anne! You ore like Tom! You both tolk nlnr"nr"t t tt',int you two should go oul logether"' I think you would gel on well'.' Ann", Alic!, whot ore you tolking obout? You're ioking' 36

right?

Anna,,,

Annrr Come on, Alice! Stop being foolish... You ore Effibettossing usl Reolly? There's no need lo be oshomed! Listen, l'm pelng lo leove you two olone, now! So you con get to know

Allfrr

€Ceh othcr belter... Bye!

(Sosegte Anne.)

ogree with thot?

Slfrt

Wcll, not reollyl I rhink Tom is perfect for you,

o o o J u u J e F

zq

:u J

u

I

U

u 4

F

I u u

I F

v o o

z

o m

u

6

Fosus

So Tnfelegem

J

U

u J

(Solufii lo pos. 93) o o F I

=

zU

Verific6 docd oi infeles diologul, rdspunz6nd lo intreb6rile core urmeozd. Dqcd oi dificultali, pofi prividin nou episodul pe DVD sou pofi consulto vocobulorul de lo sfdrgitul lecfiei' Wny does Alice think thot Modrid is the mosl exciting city? El o) Becouse lhere ore o lot of museums t1 b) Becouse ii is q very old town E c) Becouse of the night-life

E

E Whot is Alice's fqther going lo give her for tr o) A irip to o Europeon citY

tr

b) A compuler

E

c) A dress

her birthdoy?

E Who is Alice going with? tr o)With no one tr b)With her fother tr c)With Tom E Whot does Alice ihink obout Anne ond Tom? tr o) They ore perfect for eoch other tr b) They ore both very inleresting tr c) They ore very different from eqch other

luprrlotivul relotiv de superiorilqte :uperlolivd se folosegte penlru o foce

o comporofie

F*me Flre P:ruoone 9i lucruri, ori intre grupuri de persoone sou * lperurl, Superlolivul unui odiectiv sou ol unui odverb *flmE o cslilote sou o corocteristicd lo cel moiinolt nivel.

!C'ker dlrlincfie intre superlotivul relqtiv 9i cel obsolut. in

glmul €ez s€ doregte exprimoreo nivelului moxim ol

unei

QpIH€'ll, pur lnsd in comporofie cu un oli termen 9i, co otore, her dhlincfie inlre superlotivul reloliv de superioritote gi = lnfrrloritota. Se vorbegle, in schimb, despre superloliv

*

*relst

c6nd grodul moxim ol unei qnume colitdfi este ffrrd s6 se focd nici o comporofie. Sd incepem sd ruperlolivul reloliv de superioritole.

IDJTCTIVE tE MONOSI TABICE

ll urlLl BlsltABlcE

AClrsllvala 9i odverbele monosilobice, odicd formote dintr-o Slngura cilob6, 9i odiectivele bisilobice (doud silobe) core i€ lrrmlnd in u-1", n-ew", ,,-et', ,,-er"n ,-le" de exemplu, ,heppy" (fericit), upraW" (frumugel, grofios), ,,norow" (S€mtl, ,,nice" (drdgufl, ,,cleve{ (isfef, inteligenf), ,,simple" {lmp,u} elc, - formeozd superloiivul relotiv de superioritole ed6ugdnd lo sfdrgitul odiectivului sou ol odverbului sufixul x=ztlh, Superlotivul relotiv e mereu precedot in englezd de erlieolul hotdrdt ,,lhe",' dup6 cum orot6 schemo urmdtoore:

-

) hcl (t'trle//d) + -esl ) high (fnoll6) + -est ) ehrop (iaftinld) + -est

lhe cheopesl cel/ceo moi ieftin/d the

hottesl cel/ceo

mai cold/d

the highesl cel/ceq moiinoll/d

d F

zu

:u J

U

E I

F

c I

g u

F

Y

z

o la

u J

o o F

(nou/noud) + -esl ) lhe newesl cel/ceo mqi nou/noud quick (ropidld) + 'esl I the quickest cel/ceo moi ropid/6 smort (infelige nt/dl + -esl ) lhe smortesl cel/ceq moi inteligent/d new

T

= o

z

PREPOZITII PENTRU AL DOItEA TERMEN Lo superlotivul reloliv, ol doileo iermen ol comporofiei e introdus de uno dinire urmdtoorele prepozifii: (in, din): docd ol doileo iermen se referd lo un loc sou lo un grup of (de): docd se referd lo un onumit numdr de persoone sou de lucruri, ori lo o Perioodd de timP

in

qmong ffntre, dintre): docd se referd lq un onumit num6r de persoone sou de lucruri

lhot

(core): e omis

in fofo unei propozifii relotive' Adeseo ,,lhoi"

Deci consirucfio propozifiei e urmdlooreo:

lhe + odiecliv/odverb +'est

t oflinlamong e ceo moi caldd zr

Todoy is the hottest doY of the summer

de vord

Homburg is the cleonesl ciiy in Germony

Homburg este cel moi curot orog din Germanio

It's the smqrlesl

E cel moi inteligenl firbugon

bottle-opener in the world

din lume

Shoron is lhe prettiest qmong the girls Jock knows

Shoron e ceo moi drdgufd di ntre felele cunoscute

Azi

de Jock

yAilAtt

tlHTru

I

ORTOGRAFICE UNETE GRUPURI DE ADJECTIVE

Angmlto odieclive, c0nd formeozd superlotivul relotiv de Jlptrloritotc, suferd voriofii ortogrofice, in mod onolog Rl gce ce so inldmpld lo grodul comporotiv.

o o E J

U

u J e,

F

zu

:u J

a Adllctivele core se termind in ,-y" precedoi de consoone €fm:sz6 superlolivul reloliv de superioritote elimindnd ,,y" gi pftmlnd rufixul ,,-iesl", dupd cum oroi6 schemo urmdtoore:

@py (foricitld) - v + -iest ) lhe hoppiesl cel/ceo foAny (dl*rocrrv/d) - y 4 -iesl ) the funniest cel/ceo

moi

feicit/d

moi distrocfivd

Ey

(uprluloord) - y + -iesl

)

the eosiesl cel/ceo

moi ugor/

ugoord

F€|ry

ftsomotos) - y + -iest

)

the noisiesl

:J:X#i:"r,

hoppiest John este ceo moi fericitd persoond pe core o cunosc p:fron I know Thgi'r lhe funniesl thing! Acelo e cel moi dislrqctiv lucru! Thol'l lhe eosiest thing Acelo e cel moi ugor lucru pe core l-di puleo foce pu could do ! Adioctivele monosilobice core se termind cu o singurd fffhn ir lhc

Cgnrcond precedotd de o vocold dubleozd consoono finold hcinlc de o primi sufixul ,-e*", dup6 cum pofi observo in rehemo urmdloore:

hal (cold/d ) r€d (trisfld)

+ -t ) the hollest cel moi cold + -d t the soddest cel moi lrisl

Modrid is the holtest city Madridul este orogul cel cold Todoy is the soddest doy Azi e ziuo ceo moi lrisfd din on of lhe yeor

U

F

E

g u

rF

u 4

?

o u J

o F I

= o

z

.

Adiectivele monosilobice core se lermind in ,,-e" mut formeozd superlotivul relotiv de superioritote primind numoi cele doud consoone ,,-s1", cum se exemplificd in urmdlooreo

fl

schemd:

tgren

(drdgu!/dl + -st t the nicest cel/a mai drdgul/6 sofe (sigurld) + -st t the sofesl cel/o moi sigur/d nice

the nicest of the shop It's lhe sofesl district

Rochio oslo e ceo mai drdgufd din mogozin

in

din Londro

This dress is

London

.

E cel mai sigur cortier

RESTUL ADJECTTVELOR BISILABICE PTURISITABICE

tl

) difficult ) exciling ) effeclive ) economicol ) beoutiful ) revolulionory )

the mosl interesting the mosl difficull the mosl exciting lhe most effeclive the mosl economicql the most beoutiful lhe mosl revolulionory

CELE

cel/s mai inleresqnl/d cel/o moi usor/ugoord cel/a moi emofionont/d cel/o mqi eficsce cel/q moi ieftin/d cel/o moi frumos/oosd cel/a mqi revolulionor/d

Conslrucfio propozifiei devine urmdtooreo:

The mosl + odiectiv/qdverb

*

oflinlomong

ln

te

lhr mort expensive Milono e cel mcii scurnp orot

lialy

din ltolio

lhe moal

iFErerilng p€rson I know

Koren e ceo rnoi inferesonfd persoond pe core o cunosc

Xav Yerk ir thr mosl g€illng r,ily in the USA

New York e oropul cel moi polpilont din SUA

ic

EglTILATIVE NEREGUTATE Hffa€tenrale odiective gi odverbe formeozd superlotivul detiv ln tttocl neregulot;

Celelolte odiective 9i odverbe bisilobice nemenfionote onlerior gi toole odiectivele 9i odverbele formote din trei sou din moi multe silobe formeozd superlotivul relotiv de superioritole oddugdnd inointeo odiectivului sou o odverbului,,the most" (cellceo moi), dupd cum pofi observo in schemo urmdtoore:

interesling

f,tlAn

Q€€d {burrld)

nEll {blne)

)

kd

lHle {nrlrlo)

t t

Fg€h laiu,,/6) m€ny (rnulli/multel

)

(r6s, rao)

Fgelball is lhe best in lhr world

the best

the worsl cel/o mc,i rdu/reo the leqst cel/o moi mic/d

the most

sporl

fhcl'l lhr worst restouront ln

lcwn

cel/cea moi bun/d cel moi bine

cel/o mqi mull/d cei /cele moi mulli/ multe

Fotbolul

e cel moi bun sport

din lume Acelo e cel moi prosl restouront din oras

lll ghnt: cdnd ,,most" gi ,,mosl of" ou semnificofio ,,ceo ItlFti nrurn porle din" se folosesc fdrd orticolul hotdrdl ,,ihe" (erenrlrle: Most people lhink so ) Ceo moi more porte dlnftp ocrrneni ogo cred; Most of the glosses were broken ) i=en rrrui rnore porfe dintre pohore s-ou sporf).

o o o J

U U

J

u, F

zU U = J u

q

U

Fl II

ol

I F Y

ol -l g

o

z o

u J

o o

ADJECTIVE CU SUPERLATIV DUBLU relotiv: Urm6ioorele odiective ou o formd dubld de superlotiv

F

for (indepdr= o

zu

wial old

bilran/a\

1

I

1 the oldest cel/o moi bilrAn/d f me eldesl cel/o moi vdrstnic/d

neor

I

(oproope; J lote (tdrziu)

r l

John,s going to fvtr.

gr";'t

rhe forthest cel/o moi indepdrlot/d the furthest el/o moiindepdrffi/d; ertrem

Exercif ii

J

U

(6clulii lo pos. 93)

E tnornonlul sd exersdm pufin cu superlotivul relotiv de tuperioritote. inceorcd sd construiegti propozifii lo superlotiv fulprind odiectivele gi odverbele formote din uno, din doud i€u din moi muhe silobe.

IlrrclTlut

I

the neorest cel/a moi oProoPe - cel/o moi oproope; urmdlorul/ the nexr urmlloorea

€empleteozd propozifiile cu prepozifio sou formo superlotivd

lhe lotesl cel/o mai recenl/6 rn" lort cel/o din urmd , ultimul/o

I

morry

"ldest

ossuring

the losl to come

vo

cdsdtori cu fala mai more o domnului

John se

doughter ceo

The lqtesl news is very He wos

o o

Brown lJllimele vegti sunt foorle

incuroiotoore El o sosil ultimul

Fii olent: ,,cel moi -,rhe furlhest", tn oford de semnificofio inseomnd 9i deoorie" (similor cu ,,the forthest"), "extrem"l numoi cu. referire lo persoon folosegle se eliest" -;i; gi moi oles lo membrii oceleiogifomilii; ' recent"' odicd ultimul ,rthe loiesl" inseomnd ,,cel moi oriin" cronologicd. Ultimul in ordine de succesiune Tn schimb, ,,the lost"l folosesc fdr6..o -r" "-pt"tiile de timp, ,,next" 9i ,,losl") sesdpt6mdno vi ("*"rnptr, nexl week; lost summer voro lrecutd\.

FFIFCIO.

Ginostrq is ihe smollesl port ... the world. El e) of

Eb)

tn

El €) onrong

I

h ir olso ...

Elel the prettyest El bl ttre prettiest E? s) ttt, most pretty

!

Gunouo is one of ... porls in lloly.

Elaf biggest El b) tho bigsest El ef the most big

E ort rt rsn l ... tr af the imporlontest tr bl the more imporlonl El c) lho most importonl

u J t F

zU

:U J

U

tF-

t-

E q

IE

el I F

2

o o o

I

o t^

(,t ut

o

o F I

= o

zU

Y

oro the best friends in lhe world...

EXERCTTIUt 2 Compleieozd propozifiile cu formo corecld de superloiiv o odiectivului sou o odverbului dintre poronieze.

oz.

...... holidoy I hove ever hod wos in ltoly.

sufrogerie, ocosd lo Anne.

I

ich motch?

E

Firstly becquse it wos (reloxing)

E

Secondly becouse ltoly (friendly) But (roiny)

in

Hay, Peter... Did you see lhe motch yeslerdoy

{sood)

E

U J

HA2 Tinarii sunf cu tofii

Ithe

il's

not

is

Which motch? Aiox vs. Juvenlus. Those leoms ore boring...

.. counlry in Europe'

.'...:-....

J q

trcuse me, excuse me! Aiox is the best footboll club worldl l'm ofroid I don't hove o clue.

.

I know lhot only music mqfters... Anywoy... ln your r,,, Which is the best teom?

I don't know! I heord Arsenol is ihe besi one of oll Thty've got the most oggressive ployers, the most cooch, the toughesl goolkeeper.

Frtor, Peter... You ore so mistoken! Okoy, whol's so greol obout Aiox? Flrsl of oll, tfeir defence is superb. lt's much more thon Arsenol's. Still...

lntrdin sufrogerie vorbind lo felefon.)

Ihrr

No... But you promised me! You're olwoys busy! No, lCOn't wont lo go qnymore! Anywoy, thonks doddy! Thonks fuf your. present! You ore the worst foiher in the world! Don't ffirrlr, l'm gonno hove o greoi birthdoy, ollthe some! Yes, flth my friends... They do love me! Bye!

F

zu q = J

u

U

F I

E 4 I

ur

Y

I

,2

o u

Jock: ls everything okoY, Alice? nli.", No, nothin-g is okoy! My fother keeps on being the

o

sqme...

.a

F I

= o zu

Anne: Come on, Alice! Don't cry, pleose! Tell us whot hoppened! to aiillt W"f , you know... I iold you"' My fother decided come' io promised he Well, birthdoy... my gl;; ;" o riip for iith -"... And iust now he told me thot he. con'l onymore"i usuol! Becouse he hos some imporlont work to do"' As

lnfelegem lo pos. 93) docd oi inteles sceno, rdspunzdnd lo urmdioorele

f

Shoron: Don'l be ongry with him! Even if he hos somethi lrnfi*o"t to do, you ion leove for your trip onywoysl Alice: No, I don'f wqnt to go onYmore! give o Jock: Well, don't worry Alice! We ore going to guYs? porty for you. lsn'l thot true, Peler: AbsolutelY!

Anne: Of course! ond .liit, yo, ore the most brilliont, the smorlest funniest roommoie we've ever hodl Even if sometimes ore o bit lory... You need o speciol porty! Alice: Thonks o lot! You ore ihe best friends in the world"

Whlctr is the besi fooiboll teom in the world occording

Isekl Juvcntus

Alox Arronol does Peter think thqt Arsenol is the best? hcouse lhey hove more money lmouse they hove o superb defence lrcquse they hove the mosl oggressive ployers

ir Alice crying? ltcouse she orgued with Anne house her fother soid thot he con't go with her on

ttcouse she is in love with Jock ore lhe friends going to do for Alice's birthdoy? Hove o greot porty Hove o holidoy with her luy the biggest ond besl present possible

o o o J r q J e, F

zU q = J U

''

.1.

E U 4 I F

tgPTIIATIVUt

tr

Focus

€EMIATATIE iNTRE RoMATA

Superlolivul relotiv de inferioritqte qbsolut 9i superlolivul

luperlellvul ttbsolul, core in unele limbi se formeozd prin €d€uger.u unor sufixe, exprimd grodul moxim ol unei G€lll€ti fnrfi c o comporo cu ohcevo. Conceptul oceslo peete fi erprirrrol 9i in romdnd gi in englezd in mod onolitic, tnkcdur 6rrtl irroinieo odiectivelor gi odverbelor lo superloliv Ebeelut edvcrbul ,ycrf" (foorfe), dupd cum orotd schemo

SUPERLATIVUL RELATIV DE INFERIORITATE ni lotEcrtvEtoR tl AL ADVERBELoR Superlotivul relotiv de inferioritole se formeozd iniroducdnd i#"r". odiectivelor sou o odverbelor ,,the leost" (cel/cea

moi pulin). Cel de ol doileo lermen ol comporofiei este i"it"i"t de uno dintre prepozifiile ,,o1", "in" ' "omong"' ;"; ;" ?ntdmpld lo superlotivul de superioritole' Observd schemo urmdtoore:

the leosl + odiectiv/odverb + oflin/among This is the leost difficult lesson we hod

Aceosto esfe ceo moi ugoord

Thot teocher wos lhe leost severe omong his colleogues

Profesorul ocelo ero cel moi pufin sever dintre colegii lui

leglie pe core orn ovuf-o

SUPERTATIVUL DE INFERIORITATE At SUBSTANTIVELOR LA PLURAL Penlrusubslontiveleloplurol,superlotivuldeinferioritote ," fol-rn"o,a introducdnd inoinleo lor,,lhe fewesl,, (cei/cele dupd moi pulin). Construcfio propozifiei rdmdne oceeogi' cum demonstreoz6 schemq urm6loore:

thE fewest

*

substqntiv lo plurol + oflin/nmong

He mqde the fewest

of 50

ABSOTUT:

oll

misiokes

o fdcul cele moi puline gregeli dintre toli

EI

$

EN GLEZA

gfmerrrn:

fery + odleetiv/odverb

ker

rirrgr vrry well

fhe dlnrrur wos very

Peler cdntd foorle bine

good

Cino o fosl foorte bund

kRgllslel lui ,,very" poote vorio, lo fel co gi in romdnd, hl€euindu-l eu unul dintre urmdtoorele odverbe:

Elly

(inlr-odevdr): foorte folosit in limboiul fomilior

FFfmrly (oxfrem de): folosit emfotic

lpitf tr+*f

(nreli

degrobd): pufin moi occenluol decdl,,very"

{derful de): folosit E€Enhrsl decdl,,very".

in limboiul nonformol, moi

pufin

Uaele ttrlier:live ou in sine o semnificofie superlotivd, deci Fc pel fi lrrsofile de ,,yery", insd pot urmo unor odverbe, $€ ererrr;rlu ,,obsolutely" ori ,,reolly" (ocesto din urmd moi pHfln fntrrrrrl). lold cdtevo:

o o o J u u J e, F

zU u = J u

E E c

T F Y

o o

I

E J

I

t 9,93) euperlotivul reloliv de inferioritote 9i de

u q J e,

F

zU

:U J

u

rlut 3 This coke

isobsolutelydelicious! It's reolly freezing

propozifiile cu formo corectd de superloliv.

Prdiiluro osto e obsoluf

todoy

delicioosd Azi chior e ger

flol .., is Alice. bury bury ml bury ,,, fricnds.

ilt9rl frw ,,, llfo.

Hlltlngcsi fierl uciling

Ftlfl trid

rxciting

8horon ore ... of the friends.

lnl lnleresting Inlrruting

hetl

lntcresting

FI !l

9l ul

zl

ol 6l

Vocobulnr

EXERCITIUL 4

m l! J

corecte (right) sou greqite Arot6 doc6 propozifiile sunl

o o

t*tt"gt

F

cdnd e necesor' 9i rescrie-le coreci

T

RW

= o

zU

lI

Poris is the most lovelY town ihot I know'

E

t think ihot London is the most interesting in oll

trtr

ProboblY the leost ottroctive citY in EuroPe is Newcostle.

H

CettoinlY Rome

is ihe mosl old of oll the EuroPeon coPitols'

fi lricd Eggrcreive ogresiv/d Angry infuriot/6, supdro/d, e=l

mEnieis/oosd

trtr

the EuroPeon towns'

H

intelligent intel igent/d tbrolutcly obsolul rlrold (ro be) o se leme de, keep on (to) o continuo;

trtr

bl orhomed (to) o se FUlino

br mlrtoken

(to) o gregi bdlllqnt strdlucit/d lheore (lo) o olege dur idce; indiciu, urmd ilech ontrenor (to) o pl0nse llddy l6tic (formd de olint) (to) o decide, € holttrt fthncr opdrore lSch ficcore, cinevo

F ll:ldr

i$bsrrossing stdnienitor/ E€n

fll tt*t p roslesc/eoscd, €mpil/d

hdbslt

toruot

hOtbolt club, osociofie, dgb de fotbol Fl on wrll (to) q fi de #€rd; n se simfi bine

pellemper portor flc felbrrl)

tf,nnq (conlrogere de lo Sflng lo: o le preg6li s6, E lnlarrf iono sd)

54

o merge Tnoinle, o perpeluo

lory

leneg/d

mqke up one's mind (to) o se decide, o se hotdri night-life viofd de noopte olher oltul/olto ployer iucdtor/oqre Progue Progo precious prefios/oos6; cdutot/d present dor, codou promise (to) o promite roommole coleg de comerd

suggeslion sugestie, propunere, sfol

superb superb/d, mognific/d teom echipd tough dur/ 6, rezislenl/ 6 ; puiernic/6, robust/6 lour excursie, vizitd ghidot6; plimbore, cdldtorie, voioi yel incd (in propozifii negolive gi interogotive)

E q

c I F

Y

o o

ion Progrommes

E J

I

lnemo: undonce Film Festivol I

I !

etl vanit lo oceosfd edilie o emisiunii ,,Tolk Cinemo". nu toli gfiu de Sundonce Film Festivol, festivolul de filme independenle. Lucy sfd de vo,rbd despre lubiect cu experlul de cinemo Sonieev Gupto, core ne povasfeo gi formecul lui. Hoideli sd vedern impreund co c vorbo.

Good morning, good morningl Welcome to this of ,,Tolk Cinemo". Here in the studio with tenicev Gupto, our cinemo expert. Good morning,

I rdilion

Good morning!

Wlll

Sonieev, whot ore you tolking qboul todoy? Todoy I wqnt to tqlk oboul the Sundqnce Film

tEunds interesting! l've heord

of the Sundonce

whol exoctly is it? Wcll, to pul it simply Sundonce is o festivol for films ond people interesled in lhem.

Fk, con you exploin whol on ,,independent film" is? lndependent films, sometimes they're colled lhot don't come from the molor Hollywood Thcy're produced ond finqnced by the directors [!lvu ond they're usuolly low-budget productions. ;* Courro this doesn'i meon thol lhey're opprecioled *€n normol commerciol films. I orc films

U U J

&,

F

zq U = J U

U

E c I F Y

4l

EI ul

zl -t ul '.1 U)l

ul

=t 5l