FILE 20211129 100209 Day4Semantic [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

Semantic relationships between sentences. Provide 3 pairs of sentences to illustrate three semantic relationships between sentences – paraphrase, contradiction and entailment. Paraphrase (a) = (b)

(a) She loves eating cherry. (b) Cherry is her favorite fruit. (a) & (b) are paraphrases: a &b are true at the same time.

Contradiction (a) >< (b)

(a) They drive fast. (b) They drive slowly. (a) & (b) are contradictions: a&b are false at the same time.

Entailment (a) => (b)

(a) She’s a good person. (b) She’s a good girl. (a) entails (b): a lead to b Give a paraphrase of each of the following sentences. 1.

The nearest service station is 50 miles away.

It is 50 miles to The nearest service station.

2.

Jenny and Kevin are twins.

Jenny is Kevin’s twin.

3.

There was at least one Vietnamese victim.

There was at least one victim who is VNese

4.

In Las Vegas casinos, there aren’t any clocks.

There is no clock in Las Vegas casinos.

5.

Fewer people are getting married.

More people are staying single.

Give a contradiction of each of the following sentences 1.

Some countries have no coastline.

Many countries have coastline.

2.

Microsoft bought Nokia in 2013.

Microsoft sold Nokia in 2013

3.

The exhibition is free for children under ten.

4.

People are living longer.

Children under ten is not been free in the exhibition People are not living longer.

5.

The Titanic was crossing the Atlantic when it hit an iceberg.

The Titanic was not crossing the Atlantic when it hit an iceberg.

Give a sentence which is entailed by each of the following sentences. 6.

I lost my temper at work this morning.

I lost my temper at work today.

7.

The police believed that the pop star committed suicide.

The police believed that the pop star died.

8.

Unemployment has risen by ten percent over the past few years.

Unemployment has risen over the past few years.

9.

The label must include the name and address of the manufacturer. 10. There are twelve stars on the European flags.

The label must include information of the manufacturer. There are many stars on the European flags.

PRACTICE Task 1: Write a paraphrase of the following sentence. 1.

To withdraw money you need to enter a four-digit PIN.

2.

The third-floor restaurant offers many local specialties.

3.

Young people are starting new businesses at a lower age than previously.

4.

Our flight was delayed for thirty minutes.

5.

The majority of homeless people are unemployed.

6.

The smallest bonsai is called Keshitubo.

7.

The new headphones have no cables.

8.

Participants in the event have to complete the course in 90 hours.

9.

Victoria is the busiest underground station.

10.

The ‘Better You’ program runs all year.

Task 2: Write a contradiction of the following sentences. 11.

To withdraw money you need to enter a four-digit PIN.

12.

The third-floor restaurant offers many local specialties.

13.

Young people are starting new businesses at a lower age than previously.

14.

Our flight was delayed for thirty minutes.

15.

The majority of homeless people are unemployed.

16.

The smallest bonsai is called Keshitubo.

17.

The new headphones have no cables.

18.

Participants in the event have to complete the course in 90 hours.

19.

Victoria is the busiest underground station.

20.

The ‘Better You’ program runs all year.

Task 3: Write a sentence which is entailed by the following sentences.

21.

To withdraw money you need to enter a four-digit PIN.

22.

The third-floor restaurant offers many local specialties.

23.

Young people are starting new businesses at a lower age than previously.

24.

Our flight was delayed for thirty minutes.

25.

The majority of homeless people are unemployed.

26.

The smallest bonsai is called Keshitubo.

27.

The new headphones have no cables.

28.

Participants in the event have to complete the course in 90 hours.

29.

Victoria is the busiest underground station.

30.

The ‘Better You’ program runs all year.