Session 1 [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

ADVANCED LISTENING & LEXICO – SESSION 1 -PRACTICE 1A. LISTENING Part 1: You will hear part of a radio discussion with Ellen Harrington: of the Meadow Lane Residents Group, and Tim Barlow from Carton Town Planning Department. For questions 1-5, choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 1. What was Ellen’s first reaction when the town centre was closed to traffic? A. She was terrified. B. She was delighted. C. She was miserable. D. She was suspicious. 2. The mood of the Meadow Lane residents can best be described as A. furious. B. dissatisfied. C. resigned. D. dejected. 3. How does Tim feel about the changes in the town centre? A. He regrets they were made so quickly. B. He believes they were inevitable. C. He thinks the town council should have foreseen the problem. D. He is proud the town council went forward with them. 4. What does Tim think about the protest Ellen’s group is planning? A. He doesn’t think it will accomplish anything. B. He doesn’t think drivers will be affected. C. He thinks it is not aimed at the right people. D. He thinks it will be dangerous. 5. How does Ellen react to Tim’s comments? A. She accepts his main point. B. She thinks he is being evasive. C. She thinks he doesn’t understand human nature. D. She considers his comments unrealistic. Part 2: You will hear a radio interview and decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1. The idea for the invention occurred to Ryan while waiting at a Burger King restaurant. 2. Ryan used the idea when he entered a science contest. 3. Ryan’s invention helps deaf people learn sign language. 4. Ryan had no previous experience of building electronic devices. 5. Ryan has sold his invention to a deaf community centre. Part 3: You will hear a guide speaking to tourists who are visiting some Romans remains. Listen and give short answers to the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER taken from the recording. 1. When did the Romans first come to the Corbridge area? ________________ 2. Why did the Romans build a series of forts and strongholds? ________________ 3. What did people begin to search for in 1201? ________________ 4. How often have archaeological digs taken place since 1934? ________________ 5. What are the two things that visitors should pay attention to? ________________

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Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

Part 4: Listen to a piece of news about the loss of rainforests and complete the summary below. WRITE NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER in the corresponding numbered boxes. Since the beginning of 20th century rainforests have been under threat of extinction. One major cause of deforestation is repurposing the land for (1) ________ such as growing rubber or palm oil on its property. The loss of this dense biodiversity can pose several threats to our modern society. It is estimated that (2) ________ modern medicines would be lost along with thousands of (3) _______ derived from plants while underprivileged groups are relying on rainforest plants for medicines. According to World Health Organization, (4) ______ take up to 50% of all medicines in China. Another major problem is climate change. Known as (5) _________, rainforests absorb CO2, clearing it from the atmosphere. A rise in carbon dioxide levels and a fall in rainforest acreage would contribute to (6) _______ and severe droughts. More seriously, (7) __________ over resources such as farming land has led to farmers’ deaths globally. It is not easy to find a feasible approach to stopping deforestation as many people on Earth survive by means of natural resource (8) __________. A typical example is palm oil industry which helps to (9) _______ by creating jobs for millions of farmers. Switching to another production of (10) ________ like sunflower or soybean would even cause more land destruction. B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR Choose the word/phrase that best completes each of the following sentences. Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes. 1. Fred says that his present job does not provide him with enough ________ for his organising ability. A. scope B. space C. capacity D. range 2. Don’t take your mobile phone with you to the exam, the examiners will ________ it if they find it on you. A. seize B. spurn C. confiscate D. toil 3. It’s best to meet your problems ________ and solve them before they get worse. A. eye-on B. hair-on C. nose-on D. head-on 4. We were bitterly disappointed when our team were _______ to the second division from the first. A. allocated B. designated C. relegated D. stipulated 5. She has decided not to go to the airport ________ she presumes she won’t be able to arrive early enough for the plane. A. at that B. in that C. in which D. on which 6. I don’t know what our guests will be wanting to do this weekend. We’ll have to ________. A. play it by ear B. bend our ears about it C. be our on our ear D. turn a deaf ear to it 7. Although she had been told quite _______ to pull herself together, she simply couldn’t stop crying. A. rigidly B. unsympathetically C. unrelentingly D. sternly 8. What stands out from The Voice Kids is that many young children are ________ with natural talent for music. A. bestowed B. conferred C. endowed D. vouchsafed 9. Sending out e-mails that people haven’t asked for to ________ addresses is often known. A. multiple B. countless C. widespread D. sufficient 10. Oil spills will _______ even the healthiest of marine ecosystem. A. play havoc on B. break ground with C. pay the consequences for D. take their toll on

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Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

-PRACTICE 2A. LISTENING Part 1. You will hear part of a radio interview with an economist. For questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B. C or D), which fits best according to what you hear. 1. According to the Fawcett Society, A. women would need to work into their eighties to earn as much money as men. B. good qualifications aren’t necessarily rewarded with high wages. C. women will never earn as much as men. D. more women have degrees than men. 2. What is said about careers advice in schools? A. It has been improved but it is still inadequate. B. It is now quite good for girls but boys are being neglected. C. There is no advice for girls that are ambitious. D. Girls are always encouraged not to be ambitious. 3. According to Jim, A. women are to blame for not insisting on higher wages. B. new government policies have solved most of the problems. C. there is nothing more the government can do. D. women shouldn’t necessarily be encouraged to change their choice of career. 4. A London School of Economics report showed that A. women who worked part-time found it difficult to get a full-time job later on. B. after having children, women find it harder to earn as much money as men. C. women find it hard to find a job after having children. D. most women want a full-time job after having a child. 5. What does the “stuffed shirt” policy mean? A. Women are being forced to choose between family commitments and work. B. Only men can have part-time senior positions. C. Women don't get the opportunity to train for high-powered jobs. D. No woman can have a senior position. Part 2: You will hear a report about the 11-plus exam in Britain. For question 1-10, complete the sentences. Studying for the 11- plus exam According to experts, the (1) ___________________ of children does not significantly help them to pass exams. Engish grammar schools receive (2) _________________________ on average for every place where they have. Headteachers warned this week that the practice could be damaging (3) __________________ and risks undermining academic performance later in school life. Mike Walker says that the 11-plus questions are (4) _________________________. Every year approximately (5) _________________________ children take the 11-plus exam. According to a recent study, grammar schools tend to have more children from fairly wealthy families than children from (6) _______________________ backgrounds. In schools that aren’t grammar schools, 12 per cent of children receive (7) _________________________. The number of children being tutored to pass the 11-plus has been (8) ______________________by the growth in websites offering coaching for children. 3

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

You have to pay nearly £300 in extra costs for (9) _____________________ for the internet tutoring course. Opinions on the effectiveness of courses as preparation for the 11-plus exam are (10) ________________. B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR 1. She must have some ________ motive for being nice to me - what does she really want? A. luscious B. ulterior C. astringent D. niggling 2. Don’t believe in these articles. They only give a ________ picture of the situation. A. defaced B. distorted C. disfigured D. disguised 3. Don’t read too much ________ her leaving so suddenly - she probably just had a train to catch. A. upon B. onto C. into D. unto 4. He doesn’t give a ________ about anyone or anything except himself. He’s the most selfish person I know. A. howl B. chirp C. hoot D. twitch 5. I’ve got to ________ advanced vocabulary items, idioms and phrasal verbs for the forthcoming team selection examination. A. mull over B. rub off C. enlarge upon D. swot up 6. The footballer ________ in agony on the pitch, as his knee had been broken. A. wriggled B. writhed C. squirmed D. twisted 7. Whenever there’s some fresh scandal about the royal family, the public are always eager to ________ it up. A. flap B. lap C. swish D. gulp 8. The new English teacher was very popular because she was ________ with her classes. A. marked B. conducive C. lenient D. ameliorating 9. She ________ a few clothes into the case and hurried to the airport. A. shoved B. scattered C. piled D. heaved 10. ________ to interfere in your affairs but I would like to give you just one piece of advice. A. It is far from clear B. Far from it for me C. Far and wide for me D. Far be it from me 11. No agreement was reached, as the strikers decided to ________ out for a better deal. A. keep B. watch C. hold D. draw 12. They will need some time to ________ the proposals we have submitted. A. lash out B. scroll over C. shrivel up D. mull over 13. Retirement ages for men and women are currently at the center of a(n) ________ debate. A. fiery B. scorching C. exploded D. flamed 14. The Korean star wanted to leave but she was hemmed ________ by the crowd and unable to escape. A. in B. off C. behind D. from

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Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

ANSWER KEY Practice 1 A. Part 1: 1B 2A 3D 4C 5B Part 2: 1T 2T 3F 4F 5F Part 3: 1. 79/ seventy-nine/ the year 79 2. to establish position 3. treasure 4. every year / once a year 5. loose stones, walls Part 4: 1. commercial use 2. 25%/a quarter of/ ¼ 3. medical compounds 4. herbal remedies / medicines 5. carbon sinks 6. rising sea levels 7. wars/disputes 8. Exploitation 9. reduce poverty 10. alternative vegetable oils B. 1A 2C 3D 4C 5B 6A 7D 8C 9A 10D Practice 2 A. Part 1: 1B 2A 3D 4B 5A Part 2: 1. over-tutoring 2. five applications 3. children’s confidence 4. unpredictable 5. 75,000 6. disadvantaged 7. free school meals 8. fuelled 9. materials 10.contradictory B. LISTENING TRANSCRIPT PRACTICE 1 PART 1: (source:chuyen Tran Phu-Hai Phong) You will hear part of a radio discussion with Ellen Harrington of the Meadow Lane Residents Group, and Tim Barlow from the Carton Town Planning Department For questions 15-20, choose the answer, A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear, Interviewer: Good morning, and welcome to City Life, our weekly look at some aspect of life in towns and cities. Today my guests are Ellen Harrington of the Meadow Lane Residents Group in the town of Carton, and Tim Barlow from the Carton Town Planning Department. Ellen, perhaps I can start by asking why you formed a residents' group Ellen: Because our lives have been a misery recently, that's why! You see, three months ago the town council decided to turn the centre of Carton into a pedestrian precinct - no cars at all. Which seemed like 5

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

a terrific idea at first. I was over the moon. Until I realised that all the traffic diverted from the centre of town was going to come through Meadow Lane. And I suspect the planners knew all along this would happen. Interviewer: And Meadow Lane is - or was - a quiet suburban street. Ellen: Exactly! With two schools and lots of children playing in the street. Now it must be one of the most dangerous roads in the county! And we're not going to stand for it. We are livid we really are, and we’re going to do whatever it takes to get satisfaction, starting with our protest at the town hall tomorrow! Interviewer: If I could turn to you now, Tim. What's your reaction to what Ellen has been saying? Tim: Well, naturally, I have every sympathy with her situation. But I really don't think the Carton Town Planning Department is entirely to blame for this. Closing the town centre to traffic was the right thing to do, and I think it's to the credit of town council that a measure like this was put into practice, despite considerable opposition. Changing the status quo is never an easy course of action - somebody's always going to be unhappy with the new situation. But in this case, if cars drive too fast along quiet streets, that’s a matter for the police. Irresponsible drivers are to blame for the problem which is why the protesters have chosen the wrong target. I'm not even sure exactly what Mrs Harringtons’ Meadow Lane Residents Group is trying to accomplish. Interviewer: Do you accept that point, Ellen? Ellen: I certainly do not! Drivers will take the shortest possible route to get where they're going - that's just human nature and it's the Town Planning Department who decide what that route is. I think Mr Barlow is trying to dodge the responsibility for the problem - probably because the planners hadn't realised quite how bad the situation in our street would be. And I don't believe they can wash their hands of the whole matter. And even if they weren’t entirely to blame for it, they could still do something now to solve it. Interviewer: What would you like to see happen now? Ellen: First of all, a new traffic system should be installed in the area of Meadow Lane to stop motorists using the street the way they do. Then we'd like a review of the whole road system in and around the town. Obviously, that will take some time to set up - in fact, we don't want any rush jobs here - but we want a firm commitment from the town council that they'll listen to our demands. Interviewer: And this protest you're planning: do you feel it will be a success? Ellen: I certainly do! You see, we plan to have a big demonstration outside the Town Hall., which will attract a lot of media interest - and that's what really makes people sit up and take notice these days. I'm sure we'll get some reaction. After all, the people in charge here are our representatives, councillors who should listen to the views of the people who elected them ..

Part 2: (source:chuyen Tuyen Quang) Kathie Holmes: Good afternoon, this is Kathie Holmes in our program, “Young and Brainy”. Today I’m going to be speaking to Ryan Patterson, a teenager whose invention may bridge the communication gap between the deaf and those that can hear. Ryan, tell us how it all started. Ryan Patterson: It was 2 years ago. I was waiting to be served at our local Burger King and I noticed a group of customers using sign language to place an order. They were obviously deaf. They communicated with a speaking interpreter and he relayed their choices to a cashier. I thought it would make things easier if they had an electronic interpreter instead. I remembered the idea later, when I was thinking of a new project for a science competition. I called it Sign language Translator. It consists of a 6

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

glove which is lined with ten sensors. The sensors detect the hand positions that are used to shape the alphabet of American Sign language. Then a microprocessor transmits that information to a small portable receiver. The receiver has a screen similar to those cell phones, and this screen displays the words, letter by letter. In this way people can read the words, even if they don’t understand sign language, and people who use sign language can communicate without a interpreter. K: Are you impressed? So were judges at the 2001 Siemens Science and Technology Competition. The project received top honors, along with $100,000 college scholarship for the young inventor. And now Ryan’s project is already patented. Ryan, how long did you experiment with the invention before you finally produced the prototype? R: Around nine months. I started with searching how sign language works. Then I had to figure out how to translate all that electronically. I’ve always had an interest in electronics. I’ve liked wiring things together since I was 4 years old. I also had hands-on experience from my part-time job at a roboticequipment lab. K: Did you have problems finding appropriate materials? R: I’m used to hunting for hardware to build competition robots, but for this project I also had to try on many different gloves. A golf glove turned out to be the best solution. It’s soft and flexible and fits closely. K: According to the National Institute of Deafness, one to two million people in the US are profoundly deaf. And most of them use sign language to communicate. Will your invention make an impact? J: There was a demonstration at our local deaf community center and the people were interested. What I have now isn’t ready for production. I’m sure it’ll be very different by the time it’s actually manufactured. But I do hope to see it on the market one day. Part 3: You will hear a guide speaking to tourists who are visiting some Romans remains. Listen and give short answers to the questions. ( Source: chuyen Nguyen Trai-Hai Duong)

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Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

Part 4: ( soure: chuyen Bac Ninh) Since the start of 20th century, roughly half of the world's rainforests have been wiped out. And by the end of the 21st century, rainforests may go extinct altogether. You may think it's just a few plants and animals that'll suffer, but modern society relies on rainforests more than you might realize. The loss of this dense biodiversity could lead to sickness, poverty, even war. So, what would a post-rainforest look like? Well, first it is important to understand why the rainforest is disappearing. Globally, over the last 40 years, an area possibly the size of Europe has been cleared and repurposed for commercial use. In some cases the land is replanted with trees that produce rubber or palm oil, in other cases it is used as grazing land for cattle, or torn down for urban development. And if nothing is done, we may ultimately see rainforests gone altogether, and along with them, crucial benefits. Without rainforests, some estimate that the basis for up to a quarter of modern medicine would be lost, with thousands of medical compounds derived from plants. For example, the rosy periwinkle, which is naturally endemic only to Madagascar, produces two anti-tumor drugs used to fight leukemia and Hodgkin's Disease. Chemicals synthesized as a result of this plant contribute to an estimated $160 million dollars per year and the rainforest plant-drug market in total has been estimated at roughly $150 billion dollars. Many poor communities rely on rainforest plants life for medicine, as prescription medication and derivatives are completely unaffordable for large portions of the world's population. 8

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

The World Health Organization estimates that roughly 80% of Africa's population uses traditional, herbal medicine as part of their primary health care, while in China, up to half of all medicine consumed are herbal remedies. Besides a medicinal outlook, the lack of vegetation could mean a rapid rise in climate change. Rainforests are known as "carbon sinks", which means that they consume carbon dioxide, clearing it from the atmosphere. Studies show that roughly 40% of manmade CO2 is absorbed by forests. As carbon dioxide levels rise and rainforest acreage falls, the subsequent change in climate can contribute to severe droughts, as well as rising sea levels. This is a bigger problem than it may seem, as climate change plays a huge role in geopolitics. Wars over resources are devastating, and demand for farming land continues to outstrip its supply. In 2014 in northern Honduras, US-backed security forces were implicated in the murder and intimidation of local farmers involved in disputes over palm oil. More than 100 people have already been killed over the disputes. In other parts of the world, entire indigenous tribes are being killed and displaced in favor of commercial logging and razing. But stopping this deforestation may not end up solving the larger problem. Even when ignoring financial gain by businesses which exploit these natural resources, many people in developing countries rely on the exploitation to survive. For example, palm oil employs millions of farmers, and the industry plays an important role in reducing poverty. According to one NGO on Sustainable Palm Oil, as many as 4.5 million people in Indonesia and Malaysia work in its production. And simply switching to another method of production could potentially be even worse for the environment. Alternative vegetable oils, like sunflower, soybean, and rapeseed produce about 4 to 10 times less oil per acre, so to meet demand, even more land would have to be destroyed. We all know rainforests are vital, but their direct impacts in day-to-day health, global stability and the condition of the world's atmosphere are regularly understated. In the end, a world without rainforests is much more devastating than we might realize, and much harder to avoid than we might expect. LISTENING TRANSCRIPT PRACTICE 2 Part 1. You will hear part of a radio interview with an economist. For questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B. C or D), which fits best according to what you hear. (10 pts) (CAE succeed – Page 76) - 2 pts/correct answer. Interviewer: Today we have the economist, Jim Bower in the studio. Jim, accordig to the government’s Women and Work Commission, women are still earning 17% less than men. Now the government has released new policies to tackle gender qualities in pay, but they be enough? Jim: Well, according to the Fawcett Society, under the current system it will talk about 80 years before women working full-time earn as much as their male counterparts, and 140 years before part-time female workers catch up with men. Despite girls consistently outperforming boys at GCSE, A level and Degree, findings show that within three years of graduating women are still earning less than men. Interviewer: So would you say that inequality starts in the classroom? Jim: According to the Equal Opportunities Commission, 15% of young people in school are neither given advice nor encouraged into work experience placements in professions dominated by the opposite sex. The government's response in schools is being praised by most, and involves introducing new schemes to give young girls better understanding of the wider choice of careers available to them, but there is still room for improvement. Interviewer: Do you think that the government is missing the point? 9

Teacher: Trương Anh Tuấn

Year: 2018-2019

Jim: Well, instead of closing the gap between wages of men and women in careers that require similar skill levels, the government is instead planning to spend £20 million to raise the skill level of women working in these roles, encouraging them to change careers altogether. This policy will only reduce the available 'woman-power' in these lower paid jobs. What we have to do is revalue the kind of work that women are doing such as cleaning, catering and caring for others - we've got to value it more highly. Interviewer: Is it true to say that children cost mothers more than fathers? Jim: According to the London School of Economics, mothers who returned to their previous jobs as part-timers quickly fell behind their male colleagues financially, and those that entered new jobs on a part-time basis did even worse. Currently many companies still conform to 'stuffed shirt' policies that have no openings for part-time workers in senior positions. This is forcing a large workforce of highly skilled and qualified women with young children out of the boardroom, because they cannot deliver a 40-plus-hour week, and into jobs below their capabilities. Basically, the whole system still needs further reform if women are to have equal rights in the workplace and be able to bring up a family too. Interviewer: I'm afraid that's all we have time for today. Jim, thank you very much. Jim: My pleasure. Part 2. You will hear a report about the 11-plus exam in Britain. For question 1-10, complete the sentences. (20 pts) (CAE succeed page 104) - 2 pts/correct answer. Speaker: Children as young as eight are being tutored to pass the 11-plus exam as competition for grammar school places increases. But many struggle when they arrive and the experience can be damaging, say leading head teachers. Experts also say over-tutoring does not significantly help. The warnings follow a Times investigation which found that parents are spending up to £l,500-a-year on personal tutors to get their children into the 164 surviving grammar schools. These schools admit to receiving, on average, five applications for every place. Headteachers warned this week that the practice could be damaging children's confidence and risks undermining academic performance later in school life. Dr Mike Walker, headmaster of a grammar school in Chelmsford, said that the nature of 11-plus type exams requires accuracy at speed, and with unpredictable questions, tutoring can only teach familiarity and technique. What is fundamentally important is what's appropriate for an individual. If a child is tutored above their natural level of capability for any exam then they could have a miserable time on joining the school. The Grammar School Association estimates that 75,000 children annually sit the 11-plus for only 20,000 places. Its chairman said that children should not be pushed beyond their natural ability to pass the 11plus. If they are over-tutored then there is a chance they may become unhappy during their subsequent seven years at school. A study by Bristol University in 2004 showed that children from disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to go to grammar schools than their more affluent peers, even if they are just as clever. In the 19 counties where significant selection remains, just 2 per cent of pupils attending grammar schools are entitled to free school meals, compared with 12 per cent at other secondary schools in those areas. The number of children being tutored to pass the 11-plus has been fuelled by the growth in websites offering coaching for children. Prices for online tutoring differ hugely, but some parents are paying up to £1,500 for one-year courses. One web-based tutoring service offers a 91-hour course costing £1,365 with an additional £285 for materials. Tutors offer contradictory advice about the suitability of courses as preparation for the 11-plus. One website claims these courses gradually prepare children as young as eight for the exam, but another suggests that it is never too late to start preparation. 10