Basic of Well Completion [PDF]

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BASIC WELL COMPLETION

PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

Well Completion Design Criteria Surface Equipments Subsurface Accessories Artificial Lift Q&A Quiz

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WELL COMPLETION DESIGN CRITERIA  What is well completion ?  An activities and methods necessary to prepare a well for the production of oil and gas

 Reason of having well completion ?  To provide communication between reservoirs and surface.

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WELL COMPLETION DESIGN CRITERIA (cont’)  Why well completion is so important ?  Main factor to ensure optimum production and recovery to meet economic requirement.  To ensure safe production operations (mech.+human) over the field life.

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WELL COMPLETION DESIGN CRITERIA  4 types of well completion Open Hole

Screen

Perforated casing

Without Casing

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SURFACE EQUIPMENTS  Wellhead & X-mas Tree

Crown Valve

Choke Wings Valve

Master Valve Lower Master Valve

Wellhead

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SUBSURFACE ACCESSORIES  Objectives of subsurface completion accessories?  To provide access to the reservoir for surveillance requirement and well stimulation.  To provide mechanical control to the conduit for safe transfer of the reservoir fluids to the surface.

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COMPLETION ACCESSORIES  The typical accessories used in well completion: Tubing hanger  Tubing Hanger  Subsurface Safety Valve (with control line)

SCSSV

 Production Packer  Flow Coupling

Landing/Seating nipple SSD

No-go nipple

 Side Pocket Mandrel (SPM)  Landing Nipples  No-go Nipple

Gaslift mandrel (Side pocket mandrel) Production casing Dual packer

 Sliding Sleeve Door (SSD)  Blast Joint

1/4” control line Flow coupling

Wireline Entry Guide

Tubing Blast joint

Single packer

Perforation 8

COMPLETION ACCESSORIES Tubing hanger

 Tubing Hanger:  To provide a seal between tubing & wellhead.  To support tubing.

Flow coupling

 Flow Coupling:  To protect from internal erosion caused by high velocity & turbulence flow resulted from ID reduction of another completion accessories, i.e. SCSSV 9

COMPLETION ACCESSORIES  Subsurface Safety Valve:  To prevent uncontrolled formation flow from wellbore to surface by manipulating hydraulic line from surface

Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve (SCSSSV)

Gas lift Mandrel @ Side Pocket Mandrels

 Gas Lift Mandrel (GLM):  A place for installed gas lift valve for artificial lift purposes.

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COMPLETION ACCESSORIES  Sliding Side Doors (SSD):  To enable communication between tubing & annulus to enable circulation or production of fluid.

Sliding Side Doors (SSD)

 To equalize tubing pressure & Landing annulus pressure. Nipples

 Landing Nipples:  To provide receptacle to locate, lock & seal subsurface flow controls equipment.

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COMPLETION ACCESSORIES  Production Packers:  To provide a seal between the outside of tubing & the inside of the production casing or liner.  To protect the casing from pressure & Production produced fluids. Packers  To isolate multiple production zones.  To eliminate or reduce pressure surging or heading.  To hold kill fluids in the annulus.  To permit the use of certain artificial lift methods.

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COMPLETION ACCESSORIES  Blast Joint:  To protect from external erosion or damage caused by the jetting fluid of the zone perforations.

BJ

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ARTIFICIAL LIFT  What is artificial lift ?  Is a method to assist wells to sustain flow of oil to surface at adequate rates.

 When do we need artificial lift ?  When the reservoir pressure is insufficient to sustain flow of oil to the surface as a result of increased water cut and/or pressure depletion.  Why do we need artificial lift ?  To increase production. 14

GAS LIFT PRINCIPLES:  The injected gas aerates the fluid column & reduce the density of the fluid.  As the gas moves up the tubing, it expands providing the scrubbing action to bring the fluid column to surface.  With the density of the column reduced, less reservoir pressure is required to push the liquid to surface.  In other words, the hydrostatic back pressure to the reservoir is reduced & the reservoir pressure can overcome this reduced pressure & initiates the well to flow. 15

Q&A

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QUIZ 1) What is the objective of well completion ?  To provide communication between reservoirs and surface. 2) Why do we need artificial lift ?  To increase production.

3) From the diagram, please show:  SCSSV  Blast Joint

 SSD

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WELLHEAD & X-MAS TREE Single X-Mas Tree

Dual X-Mas Tree

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