160 50 13MB
Greek-English Pages [272]
M3 '!
\«
THE GEAIMAE
NEW TESTAMENT
A TREATISE ON
THE GEAMMAE OF THE
NEW TESTAMENT; EMBRACING OBSERVATIONS ON
THE LITERAL INTERPRETATION OF
NUMEROUS PASSAGES. &
ikfo
flfottton.
BY
THE REV. THOMAS SHELDON GREEN, MA. LATE FELLOW OF CHRIST'S COLLEGE, CAMB BILGE,
HEAD MASTEE OE THE GEAMMAE, SCHOOL, ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOTTCH.
LONDON
:
SAMUEL BAGSTER AND 15,
PATERNOSTER ROW. MDCCCLX1I.
SONS,
S' ei-eart,
,
following passage, if taken strictly, would intimate that the dialects
Greek speech
?\
though
'
until a late period,
only be in some of the more secluded of their original
yap
".
,
Lord himself had been
unless our
(
John names, first, the maid ovv a number of persons St.
11
at the gate,
),
on Peter's
and, thirdly, the
kinsman of Malchus, who, on account of the pointed and positive way in which he is described as making his assertion, might be identified with the respecting him. aWos tls of Luke, who employs the term Since, however, three narratives mention a number of persons conspiring in the accusation, all discrepancies respecting individuals are merged in this fact. The main object of the several writers was to specify three distinct denials in fulfilment of our Lord's prophecy.
Implication in a preceding expression.
2.
The most simple kind noun
is
of implication
the
, , . ^ .8 .
members of the body, Demosth. de Cor.
John
xix. 30.
Mark Mark
iv.
ii.
4.
38.
Another kind
p.
for instance,
as,
parts of a building.
—
'
247.
^,
is
that of
Mat. xx. 24.
, ;
xv. 4.
-,
numbers resulting from
.'
ceding arithmetical circumstances.
Luke
when
used to signify a constituent part of a whole
previously mentioned or suggested,
,
is
oi
But writers carry out the
See
principle
number
prefixing the Article to any
v.
pre-
20.
still
farther,
by
of objects con-
tained in a previously stated greater one, without the
mind being expressly by
led to
it,
arithmetical considerations.
as in the former case,
Rev.
xvii. 10.
THE USAGE OF THE ARTICLE
12
Again, the implication
is
not always of a kind so
, . . < * ) , ) . . .
simple as those already mentioned, though equally certain.
?
Theophrast. Char. 23.
Xen. Anab.
John
1
ii.
implied in
Tim.
??
iii.
—
v. 6,
you
' . . . ..
"
BieyepOeU Be 6
i.
24.
is
implied
.
Acts
is
.
13.
v.
20,
€
ii.
,
9, 10.
Or
as being a
may
term
simply indicate renewed mention.
imagery.
Rom.
i.
25, since
for
an object of idolatrous
be only another designation of 6
in respect of his pretensions to divinity (v. 4)
for
-^^.
'the falsehood' implied in the words,
worship (2 Chron. xxx. 14),
iv
...
€
11.
-
.
€\€
€ ' , Be
implied in the words
, , , 2 Thes.
term
/?
opeyeTai,
el
1.
'For you
that believe.'
Bei
iv
iv
7.
the preciousness,
Mat.
—
€\.
Be yevvrfarj
6 Be
1 Pet. is
) ').
') . . .
xi. 37.
—
/"
41.
vii.
Luke
is
—
v. 12.
xvi. 21.
Acts
then
I.
pea
Be
;
and the
The same remark
may
. . . (.
and
would thus words
same reason be another
for the
23),
article
applies to the
'
the
lie
'
be the actual
;
WITH SUBSTANTIVES. 1
John
22.
ii.
6
Implication in yjsevbos
v.
Association
3.
something which with something
21.
that
;
is
is
when
13
noun
the
signifies
necessarily or naturally associated
else
already mentioned or implied.
The most simple and common articles of dress, furniture,
case
and so forth
of the Article, as under the last head,
that of usual
is
is
and the force
;
very generally
by a Possessive Pronoun to these may be added usual appendages, and necessarily to be expressed in English
:
attendant or ordinarily consequential circumstances.
.
Xen. Anab.
€€€,
II.
eV
iii.
,
11.
Tjj
Ty
iv
signifies what cannot but be associated with the person spoken Here something, the use of which was when on military duty; casual, and its idea, therefore not suggested by association hence the of,
:
presence and absence of the Article respectively.
.
Isoc.
Pan. p. 70.
Xen. Cyr.
The
.
vi. 3.
notion of the
word
scribed in the preceding words
—
epos 4
jealousy.'
John
xxi. 8.
. By
is
Be
. ,
is :
.
associated with the circumstances de-
—
*
'
,.
signified the small boat attached to the fishing bark.
Acts xxvii. 16.
6
The consequent
So
;
* , , \.
THE USAGE OF THE ARTICLE
14
'
Mat. v. 15.
With
.
the idea of a house, suggested
by
the lighting of a candle,
was
necessarily associated that of the usual single articles of furniture, the
and
Though
the Article
parallel places are Mark iv. 21; Luke xi. 33. used in these passages with perfect propriety, and
The is
., ,,
gives an air of liveliness to the language, yet
,'
its
presence
sary to the force of the sentiment; and accordingly, similar place,
Luke
be prefixed to
viii.
/ceuet,
16
oidels
:
it is
not neces-
signify a par-
'.
ticular kind of vessel usually found singly in a house, but one of
and and
this
necessary absence
John Luke
may
Article
is
its
iv
here used with
)
by
its
any
sort
omission also before
ei
ON THE GENITIVE
John
' 1
45.
vi.
Cor.
13.
ii.
ev
.
CASE.
.
97 Is. liv.
13.
Compare with these two instances the expression, (Soph. El. 343) though the latter may also be interpreted by the help of the words, (1 Mac. iv. 7), so that the resulting sense would be, Not with words well versed in human lore, but :
'
..
well versed in spiritual knowledge.'
Col.
iii.
12.
Acts
ix. 1.
If the
word
be here taken to signify a
2 Pet. i
ii.
Heb. Jas.
skilled in covetous practice.'
iv. 12.
13.
i.
It has
been seen that one especial use of the Geni-
tive is to signify
an object which
action only to a partial extent,
been wholly embraced by
employed as a
. stance,
by some
. . .
14.
Having a heart well
full possession
once clear.
active influence, the use of the Genitive is at
it
:
affected
is
when
the case
is
it
by the
might have
also occasionally
sufficient expression of a like circum-
namely, partial extent, even in the subject of
the verb.
Xen. Cyrop. VIII.
,
iii.
—
9.
re-
Acts xxi. 16.
...
In some instances a preposition
is
prefixed to the Genitive.
John
xvi. 17.
;
ON THE DATIVE CASE.
98
In the case of Proper Names, the bare Genitive
is
often employed as an expression of personal relation,
when
the nature of that relation
implied by the context (Luke
iii.
of presumed notoriety (Mat.
;
xvi. 1.
Luke xxiv.
i.
6
John
10.
23), or
iv.
vi.
either
is
is
plainly
a matter
Mark xv. 47
21.
71; xxi. 2, 15).
In cases where merely contemporaneous notoriety has not been main-
,
by subsequent record
tained
attendant of this usage
Luke
vi.
;
Acts
16.
SECTION
or tradition, uncertainty
as is
IV.
i.
now
is
the necessary
the case with the expression
13.
—ON
THE DATIVE
CASE.
and exemplify
It is not necessary to particularise
those simple and ordinary points of usage of the Da-
which
tive,
New
as respects the
Testament.
One case
no matter of remark
offer
special point is a free
and extended use of the
beyond the ordinary expression of simple and
immediate instrumentality, and where other forms
would commonly have been used with the same
The
ideas so expressed
heads, as follows.
may be grouped under
.
effect.
several
.
Causation more or less indirect or remote. Plato.
Menex.
p.
238.
ovre
ovre
ovSe
Rom. 4
It
xi.
20.
rfj
was by unbelief that they came
to be
broken
off.'
ayvt
.. . . . .
DATIVE CASE. Gal. vi. 12.
Horn.
xi.
Mercy
*
30. to
fell
your share by
99
their disobedience/
Mental frame or influence. Demosth. Lept. p. 479. Id. Mid. p. 538.
*
1
Cor.
viii. 7.
1
Cor.
.
If I
am
.
2 Cor.
—
30.
partaking in a thankful frame.'
15.
i.
. . ...
Kegulating law or principle.
'
Soph. Elect. 1043. 2 Mac.
Acts
vi. 1.
.
1.
Acts xxi. 21. Gal. vi. 16.
The
Xen. Anah. Mat. v.
Acts
. /.
seat or quarter of a certain quality or effect. III.
i.
8.
8.
Heh.
.
Heh.
xii. 3.
11
.
When the
,.
xi. 29.
.
51.
vii.
Acts xiv.
42.
Middle Voice of a verb
that the action is
as
the
used to signify
mutual between the agent and the
personal object, this circumstance 'Dative
is
.
dependent
'Aristoph. Plut. 456.
case.
is
indicated
by the
Eurip. Med. 606.
.
..
ON THE DATIVE CASE.
100 Mat.
v. 40.
Jude
9.
.
The different construction (Acts xi. 2) may be regarded as the expression of a different circumstance, namely, one-sided Demosth. Zen.
cavilling.
Acts This
p. 889.
xviii. 28.
it
was
itself
,.
was
that the argumentation of Apollos as
same construction, implying
best viewed as an instance of the
is
as keenly contested
This, in fact,
is
Middle form,
as
The remaining matters of remark by the construction of
It
may
Jews
by
are supplied either
certain passages, or the usage
of particular terms. vi.
the
the principle of the regular government of this case
certain verbs of the
Horn.
by
vigorous and successful.
Ty
20.
here be remarked that
by
].
the ordinary construction with the
which runs through the entire passage, would be impaired and a correspondence of form is also maintained with the (v. 18). expression rjj On being set free from sin, you came into service to righteousness for when ye were bondservants of sin, you stood free from servitude to righteousness.' Genitive, the personification ;
'
—
Luke
..
. . .,
scripture, destined
Similarly,
coming
.
xviii. 31.
'
^
'The things written,' and, as matters of prophetic; Son of Man,' that is, to be fulfilled in his person. (xiii. 14), The prophecy is-
for the
'
to a fulfilment for them.'
Acts
6
v. 3.
. The verb
[
is
ayiov.
.
4.
-
used in the compass of this passage as the expres-
]
ON THE DATIVE two
sion of I
distinct actions
person in terms of falsehood the act of accosting,
is
101
one, of a strictly transitive nature, namely,
;
by falsehood
actual deception
CASE.
the other, merely address directed to a
;
and
;
this latter use, like other verbs signifying
by
followed
the Dative, the Accusative rightly
|
I
indicating the former meaning.
Rom.
...
19.
i.
The Dative may by the
here be regarded as used designedly, for the purpose
of conveying
entire expression a distinctly mechanical idea, that of
an engrossing process, as distinguished from- that of mere fulness.
'
Fully
by every sort of unrighteousness/ &c. See 2 Mac. vii. 21. Had been an unmeaning substitution of the Dative for the Genitive^ there
engrossed it
.
would have been no occasion for the immediate transition to the form The same remark applies to another expression, ' I have become quite possessed b}r (2 Cor. vii. 4). rfj the comfort supervening on all my trouble.
?
'
»
Col.
.
14.
ii.
^-
*
to
%eipo