44 1 10MB
--
cr*1tJ)s~)
. *i~1ft~o . ~*,L1m-T
~
©2018 by Nakamura Kaori, Fukushima Sachi, and Tomomatsu Etsuko All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Published by 3A Corporation. Trusty Kojimachi Bldg., 2F, 4, Kojimachi 3-Chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan ISBN978-4-88319-763-7 C0081 First published 2018 Printed in Japan
EI ;-~~g~~j]~JtJ~9-tIj:, ~~1J
1984ifl,:jb*-:d~ ,
i- mUlE L ~1E"9 0 ~JtJ§~tt"9
m~O)7f.oo~gO)~Jt~O)-~
rdlle,
~~~iJ~~~{1j
0
EI*~i-fjJ:~gc LtJ:1,lAO)EI*~g
~.!§§t~iJ~if,z ~;J]D
c tJ: "J l Vl *"9 0
L, ffl.tE-c' 1j:i!tJi!. ...C'
L, EI *~~~ 0) § i¥J i-1ii~ L 9
~
~~fe
c fe J: "J l, C"
0
.*~ O)~~~ CDr",~a%J:tfe-frb-1tl, 7cn7c·n fe!l6,~t.t A:f- Jvi-~~ ~
c iJ~-c'~ 0 0
@~A:f-~i-~~i-.~~~~90~C~J:I),.~tJ:< • • 0)1Ji-~~ ~~t
t?n0 0
@~ L1,lEl*~-C'.VllSI), ~~ t
I: (l'{' ::
t".'
f:> t
I:
11-), "'( ,
I
~
Lam quen vai ngfr am ti.jng Nh?t "" .
12
Phan biet cae am gi6ng nhau """""".,,"""" """",,""
12
Mastering the sounds of Japanese :b
61t V') ril ~ -it 1t
Distinguishing between similar sounds t;t'
i
Ii t
Mlttt-'l'-t,,1t
1-A
Sounds that are easy to get wrong lit
1tV')~~(r7-t/'
1-8 ,;:,t
2
tot"
f:>t
t:;1)'
CaodQ ctia am (trongam) """ ........
13
y d~n cao dQ va truimg d(> cua cac am c6 trong call ...
14
Chti y d~n cac tiI chinh khi nghe .""." .... " ......... """." ..... ,,....
15
;~i
tJ.'t)
t"
. Yli lj"
H I,
1;0 '
" "
t
t,.j \'
f(rp~O)~!Ji(::~1J)iI-5 i!&~':)±~9 G Listen out for answers which do not repeat the grammatical form of the original question Chu y t:
B : -) A"
6 ?
\' 0
,.
(x
f'T --,) t.:;: t
~ -:d.: )
It
A
I
7
-:J '/,
5J1l L T t \ \ \ \ T -t ~ ,
0
It
B -, 5J1l ~ -t.j.' ~ \ T < t:· ~ \ \
0
It
( X 5~ ~ ~
A
t: ::. t . l 1;' -:> t: ::. t t;t;I,,,,
A :
T ~ , t: Iv T-t " i
A :
t
T,(, L ,.
*-f,f,]T~.if-~ {.tI:i -:>
/:;:j',
t:
t:\ ''''Iv
8
of ;/'L 11 *- ~ T L t: h
8
It It, 1PIT L J: -)
0
0
f)'1v
wrM;:h 'J i -t~ 'o
-fJ.'1v
~'o
~ nfvl.t~-3 2 - B ;:,(,
~
:>c f F:il ~ \ -c
~ \~
",.t
t:
~
;t.:,
\1!*fl!tC T' < t:.'->::. ~
1)
(
a
b
)
2)
(
a
b
)
3)
(
a
b
4)
(
a
b
)
:5)
(
a
b
)
:6)
(
a
b
:7)
(
a
b
)
:8)
(
a
b
)
\0
:ifJ
t'{J:'\'Tli, i..-tJ.''(.''iJ{
G, -fifJ ,{, T
(1)
(2)
~'('L:~
< f:' ~ \
1
(4)
1
;hI)
i-tLZ-o i-f'
'\
,;:,{,~
·
~'\\T
-t,L't;,
ril\'T, 1 iJ'G3ifJ
10
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
o/iJ'G, \d~If''{'
\1\1
< f:'::5\'o -f;ftiJ' to)~
V t
--:J
i..G
,
/
N
~. t:"
'/ ~."
1'"
r~Jm!!~~J o)A4=-)~~~ ..~' Skdls acquIsitIOn: Undcrstandlllg the subject-matter
f~'1)1
l
U'~·L
L
va nQi dung d~
t
~
{(,,i,/....
H") I:
t' l:
-C ~ i L J: -) ~'o
t..,
t
::: O).fiIf4~, #
~ 'h.
~
*
--:>
1" :::.t -)
t ..,
-+
-t ~ :::
~'o
t
/ ::: O).fiIf4~, #-').t
'" A. L.:
+ I Ii ~ IJ O);to.to)~* + I ~ 1~ 1 ;it J0) ;tlJ* 0) ~ ~ ,
I:
-t eL
i) i
11'
/ 1PJ~'Jl:
0
t
" A., L.:
-+
L -rJ.' < 1" t ~ 1~
1 ::: t
Listen out also for the kind of response given to the instructions or proposals. Instructions or proposals, etc. + affirmative response - thing to be done Instructions or proposals, etc. + negative response
->
thing that does not have to be done
Ciing dn cM y xem nguiri ta tni liYi khi co chi thi ho~c phuang an d~ xuftt nhu the nao. -Chi thiJphuang an d8 xu~tlv.v. + cau tni liYi mang nghia "Co" -> Vi~c se lam -Chi thiJphuang an d8 xuiitlv.v. + cau Ira liYi mang nghia "Khong" -> Vi~c khong dn lam ciing dugc
~ 1~
1
tJ. / -) A., / h
1: -) t:."tJ. / (-5 ;1r; I)
~{t
-5
~,
--:>
t: / 1: -5 L i
£J ~ I~ l.t /
-t / t.l t'
L.:: \",
hlf,Jj~
-5 - £ / ;1r;- / 1: -5 iJ,-r.j.' ;1r; / ~
1/
1: nli i) J:
--:>
l;it /
;it - /
t / (1: nli) \ 1 \ l.t /
(1:nli) t:."(j'd:·.t / J('lrd:ll-5 ~ { \ I~ l.t
.-,
l] T-t 0
(-+ p.1 4)
Intonation is also an important indicator of whether the meaning is affirmative or negative. Ngfr di~u
(S\,
(~p.14)
cao ging ctia thanh trong caul cung quan tr9ng d~ nh~n bi~t cliu n6i mang nghia "C6" hay mang nghia "Khong". (~Trang 14)
(1)
a
(2)
a
,, '
, ...". ~
HD(1)b tc:
(2)a -n'
~"-)t:r)i
(}t
(1 )~ 0) A ~ {' 4- ~L ~ ~
l < ~ ~, l::" -)
-:>
\'
\ \ i -t
0
;tLIl, r\ \\ \;:tj
:
::
~'M ~
ut
bUi
i L t: ~ {' , 31: 0) A l;t
"',
i
f:
\'
-t--ii: -) l:: §
I),
-:>
l \ \ i -t
n't::.
I'
Il:;tL~'G-t~: l:: ~htm\\-t~ §
\\-:QT,
bt:
Vt
~O)AI;t-t;fL!::r-)lv,
0
(1) The man asks ifhe should buy some milk, and the woman says [,f, -, \' \ 'J: J (lt's alright). This is a negative answer. In other words, it means it does not matter if he does not buy any. (2) [~T o ~,"l.if{1£~S '~~n ~, G, xji:.~'*'-o ;i'] (Should I shorlen il?). The teacher replies it is [1; .t -) t', " ,] (Thatsjust right). The important thing is [* ~ , 'fii T' **~-t ~::
t] (practice in a loud voice) after
[-tnl ')] (rather than that).
n,
Ngu17i sirth vien to ra 10 I~ng vi; phat am cila mirth nhung ngu17i thay noi ring: .. ~ ,t: 1)' i" *~;it" (Em pMt am t6t, khong sao!). TiSp theo, sinh vien hOi ring: .. ~ < L to 13. -) 1)" " 'T-t ii'" (Co nen cho ng~n I~i khong ~?) rthung ngu17i thay tra I17i ring: .. 1; .t -) t', " ," (vita dti), Dii;u quan tr.;mg" -t nl I) "(hon cai do) la ..
.
7t:~: . I) / ~ £ ~ •
~«-tt\. 1
T**~-t ~
,"
'
· 1.1~,t;; L
*1! "ilL.;
. i":
' ~!£:(;t\ ' 0 Jei}-h{jt' . 17. )~< t /J\ ~ VITi" ~' ·G
0
" j. ••l"
(1)
~
J61: ~~i5-9 ~
.'
hI,i,
b
ffrL\'O)f~-) T,c
c (2)
T,c h
J,-t!
a
~
~J\.~TJtlt~-)
~ a
3:&
b
4:&
c
5:&
a
Jf* f
'"~'''
~
(3) , 45,
J,
'(>
1.'
1"
i"
~
I:
b
,,
c
(4)
~
~r
ftt
:1 -t;,,(
I 1; (f ~ ,(, J t fil ~ M:l! It i If
-r 7)' G 1*11tV J t
: t
\
I -)
11 7)' (7) §
If
1).(,fi
L t: 0 -9;
-tt"'? ¥) \'
~ TID? BA
L -r \
I
Listen to the dialogue, focusing on the keywords [*~] (next week), to work out [to' tL(7)~~ 8] (Whose birthday?) is meant. The woman says [*i!l] (next week) is [~I;[j; ~ ,(,] (grandmother's) [~*J1. \ 'J (celebration), but the man mishears [~/;1' j; ~ ,(,J (grandmother) as [~I;[ ~ ,(,] (aunt). The woman says [-) -),(" ~I;[~,(, t.: '(' -r~. < (Uj,-uh. not auntie's) and uses a different wording for [:fJl:~.] (grandmother). [:filet(7) 77 .ot (7) ~~ 8] (Because it is grandmother's 77th birthday), b .s the correct answer. Because the birthday of the man 's aunt is not next week, it is a
-n
wrong answer. Chi! y d~n tir khoa cua ciiu hoi lit "*~" (tuftn saul de nghe xem se co "to' tL(7)~~ 8 " (sinh nh~t cua ail. Nhan vat nit di! noi r~ng: " *~" (tuftn saul lit "~:fJ1.\ ,,, (co ngity mimg) cua "~If j; ~ ,(," (bit) nhung nhan v~t nam lai nghe nhfrm tMnh "~If ~ ,(, " (bi! co). Nhan vat nit sau khi noi r~ng: "-) -) ,(" ~ I f ~ ,(, t.: '(' -r~' < "(" (Khong, khong phili lil bi! co) thi giili thich b~ng tir khac Iii ":filet" (bil cita toi). Vi Iii ":fil et(7) 77 p& (7) ~~ 8 " (sinh nhat 77 tulli cua bil) nen b Iii cau tra lai dung. Sinh nh~t bil co cua nhan v~t nam khong ph.i lit tuiin sall nen kh6ng phili Iii cau tn; lai dung.
$;,.~ti
:k.,:> ,~ ." -)
lv,
4~~Vo ~r:
~'.: ·; &S,
·:';1./,
r~(
1?\'L r!l j
'-k : 1; l;f ~ ,{, t*~ ? j:;t::
..
,_
t,,ct'; , (f
7c-)"f,J.',{,t£o 1;a?Tt-)o7c-)\'ltl;C 1~(7)j:;lf~,{,t t -)-t