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Al.ltornotive Safety and Engineering Standards
~Ge6metric
·, DimerlsiQrting. ~·· ~nd Toterancing :\ ; Jt APocket Guide !o, Supplementthe~ _ . ASMEY14.5M-1994 ~ . , . Dimensioni'fg mm 1~. Tolerancing;Stimdard
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OuaHty -P-~uct
Design Activities
Manufacturing Activiti~
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Environmental and Safety
·• Engineering · Ford Automotive Operations
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GEOMETRIC'DIMENSIONINGAND -TOtERAN~IN(J (GOT} -· INT~ODUCl:ION~-r '
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The purpose of.arfenginee(ing drawing is ta.plearly convey the• - _ productdeslgn mtent of function. To-Clo & ••it fnust be interpreted/ by. Design and Manufacturing .uniformly. • .• 'J /
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•GOT is the Engineering',Producf-Definition -&alldard_whlch describes the ge6metriC features of a product and th_eir 6peratlonal refations.hips-(e$essed as tolerances) to eac~ ottier .and their--. functional _ int~rfaces with/ rnatii;ifr parts, ,asserhblies1 etc, /It provides the dQ.cumentation b~ fo(lhe - desig!l :of ttle productiOn and quality systems. -
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This J:>~O"klel is intended1o sen/e. ~n aid in und~rst~nciing ·GOT and is a ci>ndensed vers1on of the material.. For actditiooal - infOrmatton refer to. '~Dlmensibning. and Tolerancing, ASME Y14,5M-1994": _Drawings containing the note ~.DIMEN~IONING --- AND l'OLERANCING IN ACCGRDANeE WIT~- ASME Y14.5M-1994" eomply with th~ above stated -stC1fidcirO:. ·-.Drawings not containing this note must Ile interpreted using the·. /applical:51astanoard at the tirnE; of its draft.'_./ - -DIMENSIONS SHOWN IN:-THIS POBUcATfON ARE INtv'llLLIMETERS. ·::: . the llf~strations shown in this booklet are intended ~o aid user in -.understanding the • prindples. an-d methodS. of Dimensioning and Tolerancin9: Ma)'ly bf the lttustrations are incampiete by intent and should not be Used as the basis for ' Design Criteria, Acceptance, or Rejeetionof Components. -
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM
PAGE
INTRODUCTION GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 COMMON TERMS AND DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 FEATURE CONTROL FRAME ......................... 3-4 GENERAL RULES ................................... 5-7 DATUM SYSTEM .................................. 8-14 STRAIGHTNESS .................................. 15-16 FLATNESS ......................................... 17 CIRCULARITY ...................................... 18 CYLINDRICITY ..................................... 19 PROFILE ......................................... 20-26 PARALLELISM ................................... 27-28 PERPENDICULARITY ............................. 29-30 ANGULARITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 TANGENT PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 POSITION ........................................ 33-53 SYMMETRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 RUNOUT ......................................... 55-56 CONCENTRICITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
j
GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOLS TYPE OF TOLERANCE FOR INDIVIDUAL FEATURES
FORM
FOR INDIVIDUAL OR RELATED FEATURES
PROFILE
ORIENTATION
FOR RELATED FEATURES
LOCATION
CHARACTERISTIC
SYMBOL
STRAIGHTNESS
-
FLATNESS
D
CIRCULARITY
0
CYLINDRICITY
/)'
PROFILE OF A LINE
n
MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION @(MMC)
a
ANGULARITY
L
The condition in which a feature of size contains the maximum amount of material within the stated limits of size - for example, minimum hole diameter, maximum shaft diameter.
PERPENDICULARTY
_L
PARALLELISM
II
POSITION
'11-
CONCENTRICITY
0 -
CIRCULAR RUNOUT
J'.
TOTAL RUNOUT
u·
•Arrowhead(s) may be filled or not filled.
MATERIAL CONDITIONS TERM
VIRTUAL CONDITION
NONE
REGARDLESS OF FEATURE SIZE
ADDITIONAL SYMBOLS DIAMETRICAL FEATURE ORTOL.ZONE
SYMBOL
BASIC DIMENSION
~
REFERENCE DIMENSION
(50)
PROJECTED TOLERANCE ZONE
®
DATUM FEATURE
DATUM TARGET DATUM TARGET POINT DIMENSION ORIGIN FEATURE CONTROL FRAME CONICAL TAPER
TERM COUNTERSINK
¢
r
DEPTH/DEEP SQUARE (SHAPE)
*
6!1 x
"24
DESIGN INTENT
'
'
>"24
POSSIBLE RESULT
Therefore relationship between individual features must be controlled to ..,,... incomplete drawing requirements; geometric tolerancing is used to control • location or orientation (Fig. 2).
EXAMPLE: IMPLIES RFS
SCREW THREADS Each tolerance of orientation or position and datum reference specified for a screw thread applies to the axis of the thread derived from the pitch cylinder (diameter). Where an exception to this practice is necessary, the specific feature of the screw thread (such as MINOR DIA or MAJOR DIA) shall be stated beneath the feature control frame or beneath the datum feature symbol, as applicable. EXAMPLE: {APPLICABLE TO FEATURE CONTROLLED}
I-$- I¢ MAJOR
DESIGN INTENT
IL I 0.08 I A I I /I 0.1 IA-Bi
lolo.o51
0.05
¢
@ IA
(APPLICABLE TO DATUM)
I MAJOR
¢
CONTROLLED RESULT
PERFECT FORM MMC & FEATURE RELATIONSHIP If it is necessary to establish a boundary of perfect form at MMC to control the
relationship between features, the following methods (A, B, C, D) are used.
5
6
DATUM SYSTEM
GENERAL RULES (Cont.) GEARS AND SPLINES
DATUM
A QUALIFYING NOTATION MUST BE ADDED TO THE SYMBOL OR NOIE (E.G., MAJOR¢)
A theoretically exact point, axis, or plane derived from the true geometric counterpart of a specified datum feature. A datum is the origin from which the location or geometric characteristics of features of a part are established.
DATUM FEATURE SIMULATOR
EXAMPLE:
I-$- I¢
0.08
MAJOR
A surface of adequately precise form (such as surface plate, a gage surface, or a mandrel) contacting the datum feature(s) and used to establish the simulated datum( s ).
@I A I
SIMULATED DATUM
¢
A point, axis, or plane established by processing or inspection equipment (datum feature simulator).
DATUM FEATURES AT VIRTUAL CONDITION
DATUM FEATURE
When a feature is designated to be used as a datum feature (Fig. I, B and C) * e datum features apply at their virtual condition when used for verifying a ~ relationship to them (Fig. 2).
FIG.1
+0.4 2XIZS5 _ _ 01
o.5
@I A le~lc81
An actual feature of a part that is used to stage the part in the equipment (datum feature simulator) for purposes of relating its geometry (relationships) to the datum reference frame.
DATUM REFERENCE FRAME Sufficient datum features, those most important to the design of a part, or designated portions of these features are chosen to position the part in relation to a set of three mutually perpendicular planes, jointly called a datum reference frame (see figure 1). This reference frame exits in theory only and not on the part. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a method of simulating the theoretical reference frame from the actual features of the part (see figure 2). This simulation is accomplished by positioning specifically identified features in contact with appropriate datum simulators, in a stated order of precedence, to restrict motion of the a part and to relate the part adequately to the datum reference frame.
FIG.1
DIRECTION OF MEASUREMENTS
FIG. 2
90°
¢ 9.25- 2 HOLES (VIRTUAL CONDITION OF DATUM FEATURES)
15 BASIC
13 16MIN+-
BASIC
BASIC
l_~ :~ $~ : ~-f
?).
~'
MUTUALLY PERPENDICULAR PLANES
10MIN
¢ 4.4-2PINS (VIRTUAL CONDITION)
GAGE FOR VERIFYING FEATURE RELATIONSHIPS
7
8
DATUM SYSTEM (Cont.)
DATUM SYSTEM (CONT.) FIG. 2a
ESTABLISHMENT OF DATUM AXIS, RFS EXTERNAL FEATURE
THIS ON THE DRAWING
•
FIG. 2C
ESTABLISHMENT Of DATUM AXIS, RFS INTERNAL FEATURE
THIS ON THE DRAWING
____r1AJ
t,-------=--=----3-
r
MEANS THIS
MEANS THIS
Datum feature A
NOTE: Simulated datum fealUre
Component
not shown for clarity
~~~~
Datum fea ure simulator e.. Collet)
Datum feature simulator -~'!9ing MandrelL
Datum axis A (theoretical) (Axis of true geometric counterpart)
Datum axis A (theoretical) (Axis of true geometric counterpart)
FIG. 2b
THIS ON THE DRAWING
11 DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE A PLANE
I
Datum plane A (theoretical) (True geometric counterpart of datum feature A) Oat
f t
__I_
TO AN EXTENSION OF THE FEATURE
t
--CYLINDRICAL FEATURE
I
I
t:i)- l;-+==D
I
l
t~l-
DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE AN AXIS
Datum feature A Component Datum Feature Simulator (e.g. Surlace Plate) Datum plane A (theoretical) (True geometric counterpart of datum feature A)
(b) Component & datum feature simulator in contact
9
~
A
(a) Component & datum feature simulator prior to contact
Jl
~
TO THE FEATURE OUTLINE
Simulated datum plane A Simulated datum feature (Plane established from the actual (Surlace of manuafacturing or surlace of the datum feature simulator) verification equipment)
Simulated datum plane A (Plane established from the actual surlace of the datum feature simulator)
NOTE: Simulated datum feature not shown for clarity
(SOME TYPICAL EXAMPLES) PLANE SURFACE
h \T
True geometric counterpart of datum feature A (Largest inscribed cylinder)
DATUM FEATURE SYMBOL PLACEMENT
NON--SIZE DATUM FEATURE ESTABLISHMENT OF DATUM PLANE
MEANS THIS
_J
NON CYLINDRICAL FEATURE DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE A CENTERPLANE
L
19
10
PART POSITIONING IN THE DATUM REFERENCE FRAME (ORF) NON-CYLINDRICAL DATUM FEATURES
I~ I¢
0.2
•
CYLINDRICAL DATUM FEATURES
COMPONENT AS DRAWN The datum established by a cylindrical surface is the axis of a true cylinder simulated by the processing equipment. A cylindrical datum feature is always associated with two theoretical planes intersecting at right angles on the datum
@I A I B I c I
Et? 58
(ORF) (Cont.)
er
axis.
COMPONENT AS DRAWN
I'
The primary datum feature relates the part to the datum reference frame by bringing a minimum of three points on the surface into contact with the first datum plane. The part is further related to the frame by bringing at least two points of the secondary datum feature into contact with the second datum plane. 1bc relationship is completed by bringing at least one point of the tertiary datum feature into contact with the third datum plane.
--~--> l------- ------
FIRST DATUM PLANE (PRIMARY) ~goo~
,..i --
A
(PRIMARY)
-------y
goo~:
(1
0
', "-.......---
',
These two theoretical planes are represented on a drawing by center lines crossing at right angles. The intersection of these planes coincides with the datum axis. Once established, the datum axis becomes the ongm for related dimensions while the two planes (X and Y) indicate the direction of measurements.
'>
-------
THIRD DATUM PLANE (TERTIARY)
SEQUENCE OF DATUM FEATURES RELATING COMPONENT TO DATUM REFERENCE FRAME
11
--~ FIRST DATUM PLANE A
SECOND DATUM PLANE B (SECONDARY) ~
~~--
ESTABLISH (SECONDARY) DATUMAXISB
C
NOTE: The processing equipment controls movement in three mutually perpendicular directions. These three directions establish the three perpendicular planes of the datum reference frame which can be used as origins of measurements. Machine tables and movements, surface plates, etc., are not true planes, but are of such quality they simulate datum planes adequately. Measurements, therefore are made from planes, axes, and points in the processmg eqmpment.
12
DATUM TARGETS
DATUM TARGET AREA
A specified point, line, or area on a part used to establish a datum.
A datum target area is indicated by section lines inside a phantom outline of the desired shape, with controlling dimensions added. The diameter of circular areas is given in the upper half of the datum target symbol.
a
DATUM TARGET POINT A datum target point is indicated by the symbol located on a direct view of the surface.
X (cross) which is dimensionally
CONTACT AREA AT BASIC LOCATION COMPONENT
POINT CONTACT AT BASIC LOCATION
/ COMPONENT
DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
DATUM TARGET AREA DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
Where it becomes impracticable to show a target area, the method shown below may be used.
DATUM TARGET LINE A datum target line is indicated by the symbol X (cross) on an edge view of the surface, a phantom line on the direct view or both.
COMPON~ENT
~CATING ~(PIN DRAWING CALLOUT
13
-
INTERPRETATION
14
...
STRAIGHTNESS
en
TYPE OF TOLERANCE
CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL
DATUM REFERENCE
IMPLIED CONDITION
ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS
FORM
STRAIGHTNESS-
NONE
RFS
MMCORLMC IF TOLERANCE APPLIES TO AN AXIS OR CENTER PLANE
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
1-1
I
1-1
I
o.os TOTAL WIDTH
¢0.os CYLINDRICAL
KEYS TO REMEMBER
1. COMPARES TO A PERFECT COUNTERPART OF ITSELF (STRAIGHT LINE) 2. ADDITIVE TO SIZE WHEN APPLIED TO AN AXIS
STRAIGHTNESS: A condition where an element of a surface or an axis is a straight line.
STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone within which the considered element or derived median line, must lie.
CASE1
CASE2
CASE3
Straightness tolerance of element lines on a surface
Straightness tokrance of an axis RFS
Straightness tolerance of an axis MMC
¢ 12.9-$-
E-3-=l_
12.7
12.9-$¢ 12.7
E-=+=l_
~OLFRAME
JURE CONTROL FRAME MUST POINT TO ELEMENT LINES ON A SURFACE
1-100.os@I
~EATURECONTROLFRAME MUST BE WITH THE SIZE
MUST BE WITH THE SIZE DIMENSION
DIMENSION
DRAWING CALLOUT
DRAWING CALLOUT
12.9-$012.1
DRAWING CALLOUT
.08
B
--~--'---+-012.9MMC
c:=J•
r
cs •r===:J==t_
...
~
12.9MAX+0.08
12.98 VIRTUAL COND (MAY NOT BE VIOLATED)
0 12.9MMC
b
0
0.08 T'L RFS
AXIS MUST LIE WITHIN
0
Lo.oa
=r=t==:J=t
0
12.7 ATANYCROSS SECTION
DIFFERENCE IN DIA SIZE STRAIGHTNESSO TOL SPECIFIED
~
f ["~'""'
12.98 VIRTUAL COND MAY NOT BE VIOLATED)
0 12.9MMC
h
~ 0
"\ \ \
O.OS + 0.
2
12.7LMC
INTERPRETATION INTERPRETATION INTERPRETATION L___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _....J._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...L..._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___,
FLATNESS TYPE OF TOLERANCE
FORM
CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL
FLATNESS
0
DATUM REFERENCE
NONE
IMPLIED CONDITION
ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
1. COMPARES TO A PERFECT COUNTERPART OF ITSELF (PLANE) 2. NOT ADDITIVE TO SIZE OR LOCATION LIMITS 3. NO PARTICULAR ORIENTATION
lolo.051
NONE
RFS
KEYS TO REMEMBER
TOTAL WIDTH
FLATNESS: A condition of a surface having all elements in one plane. 0.05 TOLERANCE ZONE ANY PLACE WITHIN HIGH & LOW LIMIT NO PARTICULAR ORIENTATION
FLATNESS TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone is defined by two parallel planes within which the entire surface must lie.
POSSIBLE SURFACE CONTOUR
TOLERANCE - ZONE
60 HIGH LIMIT
!
59 LOW LIMIT
t
DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
,, CIRCULARITY TYPE OF TOLERANCE
CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL
DATUM REFERENCE
IMPLIED CONDITION
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS
Io FORM
CIRCULARITY
0
NONE
RFS
10.131
TOTAL WIDTH TOL ZONE BETWEEN TWO CONCENTRIC CIRCLES
NONE
KEYS TO REMEMBER 1. APPLIES AT SINGLE CROSS SECTIONS ONLY 2. IS LIKE A STRAIGHTNESS TOL ZONE CURLED AROUND A CIRCLE
CIRCULARITY: A condition on a surface of revolution (cylinder, cone, sphere) where all points of the surface intersected by any plane perpendicular to a common axis (cylinder, cone) or passing through a common center (sphere) are equidistant from that axis or center.
CIRCULARITY TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone bounded by two concentric circles within which each circular element of the surface must lie.
I• • 1
-4-,
12 (SELECTED)
0 9.74
~90°
...co
010MAX. (ACTUAL MEASUREMENT AT THIS SECTION) POSSIBLE PART CONTOUR AT THIS SECTION
0.13TOL ZONE SECTION ENLARGED
DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
...
CYLINDRICITY
ATSURFD
I A IB c I
0.5 @
AT DATUM FEATURE
I -$- j ¢
A
CASE1 ¢ 0.5 TOL ZONE AT¢ 8 (MMC OF HOLE)
AT SURFACED
I-$- J ¢ 025
AT DATUM FEATURE
CASE1 ¢ 0.25 TOL ZONE AT ¢ 8 (MMC OF HOLE)
DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
m~---------------------'----------------------~
ig
POSITION -
AS APPLIED TO NON-CYLINDRICAL FEATURES POSSIBLE CENTER PLANE
DATUM PLANE A
ZONE
CASE1 CASE2 CASE3
lfl -1 o.s@I A IBJ lfl -1 o.s©J AIBJ lfll-Jo.s IAJBJ
(SEE CASES BELOW)
ENLARGED VIEW CASE3 0.5TOLZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SLOT SIZE
CASE1 0.5TOLZONE AT 8 (MMC OF SLOT) 2.5TOLZONE AT 10 (LMC OF SLOT)
CASE2 0.5TOLZONE AT 10 (LMC OF SLOT) 2.5TOLZONE AT 8 (MMC OF SLOT)
INTERPRETATION
DRAWING CALLOUT
•
4
DATUM AXISA
POSSIBLE\ FEATURE AXIS
¢
10.0 9.5
A
¢ CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4
20 19
Ifll- J¢ I fll- J¢ Ifll- J¢ Ifll- J¢
@IA@I 0.2 @I AI 0.2 I A@ I 0.2 I AI
CASE1
CASE2
¢0.2 TOL. ZONE AT¢ 20 (MMC OF FEATURE) AND 010 (MMC OF DATUM FEATURE)
0 0.2 TOL. ZONE AT Qj 20 (MMC OF FEATURE) REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE
01.7TOL.ZONE AT ¢ 19 (LMC OF FEATURE) AND 0 9.5 (LMC OF DATUM FEATURE)
¢ 1.2 TOL. ZONE AT 019 (LMC OF FEATURE) REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE
0.2
DRAWING CALLOUT
CASE3 0 0.2 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND 010 (MMC OF DATUM FEATURE) 0 0.7 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND ¢ 9.5 (LMC OF DATUM FEATURE)
CASE4 0.2 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE
¢
INTERPRETATION
g,__~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--'-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
:!:::
POSITION -
AS APPLIED TO SYMMETRY
DEFINITION: A CONDITION IN WHICH A FEATURE IS SYMMETRICALLY DISPOSED ABOUT THE CENTERPLANE OF A DATUM FEATURE
B
DATUM CENTERPLANE
8
1
,*[~
POSSIBLE CENTER PLANE
40 39
12 11
CASE 1 CASE2 CASE3
I-Ell-I o.5@1 A I B@I I-Ell-I o.5©1 A I B©I I-Ell-I 0.5 IA I BI
CASE1 WITH DATUM FEATURE AT 40 (MMC SIZE)
TOL. ZONE 2 PARALLEL PLANES
CASE2 WITH DATUM FEATURE 8 AT 39 (LMC SIZE)
8
0.5 TOL. ZONE AT 11 (MMC OF FEATURE)
0.5 TOL. ZONE AT 12 (LMC OF FEATURE)
1.5 TOL. ZONE AT 12 (LMC OF FEATURE)
1.5 TOL. ZONE AT 11 (MMC OF FEATURE)
CASE3 THE LOCATIONAL TOLERANCE OF 0.5 MUST BE HELD REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND DATUM FEATURE 8
INTERPRETATION
DRAWING CALLOUT
•
4
-AS APPLIED TO MATING PARTS WITH FLOATING FASTENER CALCULATIONS: USING THE FORMULA WHERE
H@ F@ ¢
T
H@- F@=¢ T
=MIN. CLEARANCE HOLE = MAX. DIA. OF FASTENER =POSITIONAL TOLERANCE
SUBSTITUTING: ¢T = 10.5-10 ¢T = 0.5 POSITIONAL TOLERANCE CALCULATION FOR GAGE PIN SIZE ¢PIN =H@-¢T 10 = 10.5-0.5
COMPONENT PART 2 REQ'D
¢10(GAGE PINS)
GAGE FOR COMPONENT CHECKING GAGE MAKERS
~~-----------------------1--------~T~O=LE~R~A~N~C=ES~A~P~P~LY.:.__ _ _ _ _ _~
POSITION -
FIXED FASTENER SYSTEM CALCULATIONS: USING THE FORMULA H@- f@=¢T1 + ¢T2 WHERE H @ =MIN. DIA. CLEARANCE HOLE F @= MAX. DIA. OF FASTENER ¢ T1 =POSITIONAL TOLERANCE (COMPONENT 1) ¢ T, = POSITIONAL TOLERANCE (COMPONENT 2) SUBSTITUTION: 10.5- 10 = ¢Q.25 + @.25 CALCULATIONS FOR GAGE PIN SIZE N0.1 ¢ PIN=H@-¢T
N0.2 ¢PIN=F@+ ¢f 10.25=10 + 0.25
10.25 = 10.5 -0.25
4X ¢10.25
i"'
COMPONENT2
-.j
HI1J
N0.2
GAGES
N0.1
DRAWING CALLOUT •
-
AS APPLIED TO HOLES AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDmON
I
@
(NOT RECOMMENDED FOR THREADED HOLES)
WITH THIS SPECIFICATION THE FEATURE SIZE MUST BE CONTAINED WITHIN THIS RANGE.
~l
ACTUAL MATING ENVELOPE
47 TOLERANCE ZONE
¢10.25@ ¢10.3 ¢10.35 ¢10.4 ¢10.45
¢0 ¢0.05 ¢0.1 ¢0.15 ¢0.2
¢10.5@ ¢10.6 ¢10.7 ¢10.8 ¢10.9© ¢11 L
¢0.25 ¢0.35 ¢0.45 ¢0.55 ¢0.65 ¢0.75
47
WITH ZERO TOL. CALLOUT FEATURE SIZE RANGE IS INCREASED PROVIDING MAXIMUM MANUFACTURING TOL.
I NOTE: I SINCE THE MMC SIZE (10.25) IS EQUAL TO THE MMC VIRTUAL CONDITION - NO SEPARATE MMC LIMIT FEATURE SIZE GAGE (GO OR SIMULATION) IS REQUIRED.
DRAWING CALLOUT t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
POSITION -
FEATURE RELATIONSHIPS CONTROLLED BY A COMPOSITE POSITIONAL TOLERANCING
A
1~ I
B
~
DRAWING CALLOUT •
!
¢0.9 PATIERN-LOCATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND BASICALLY LOCATED TO THE DATUM REFERENCE FRAME)
4fbFEATURE-RELATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND ORIENTED TO THE DATUM)
ACTUAL FEATURE AXES 48 MUST SIMULTANEOUSLY LIE WITHIN BOTH TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDERS
10 FROMDATUMB
} FROMDATUMC ONE POSSIBLE DISPLACEMENT OF ACTUAL FEATURE PATIERN.
""
INTERPRETATION
~ '--------------------------------------------~
~
POSITION -
TWO SINGLE-SEGMENT FEATURE CONTROL FRAMES WITH SECONDARY DATUM IN LOWER FEATURE CONTROL FRAME
A
B
DRAWING CALLOUT
• mo.a "ATTll'IN·LOCATING TOLERANCE
(210.3 FEATURE-RELATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND ORIENTED TO THE DATUMS)
ZONE CYLINDER (
v
I/
v
v
0
0
"'
"' "'"'
0.25 1
I/
I/ I/ I/ I 0.3
I/ I/ I/ I/
I
I/
v
I// I I/
I
VII
I/ V I
I
v
I
I
IJ I/
I/
11
v 0
0.2
I/
v v
)
-
01
I
ILLL -'-
I/ L.--
a~~NNWW~~~
01
I
I/ I
~
...... ,_
I
/
1--
v v
01
I
11
/
01
0.05
IX
~
01
11 0
0
:.. :..
"'
0
0
I cOORDINATE DI FFERENCE
0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
0
0
"' "'"' "' "'"'
0
:..,
0
:..,
"'
.t 0.175C OORDINATED TOL I
COORDINATE DIFFERENCE
• l
RELATION OF MMC HOLES TO ANOTHER MMC HOLE 4X
¢
~
¢18.75 (MMC VIRTUAL COND.)
20 19
¢ 7MMCHOLE ¢-1 TOLZONE ¢ 6GAGEPIN ¢
¢6 4PINS
AS THE 4 HOLES INCREASE IN SIZE FROM 7 TO 8 (A BONUS AMOUNT) + 1 IS ADDED TO THE POSITIONAL TOLERANCE. NOTE: ASIZE INCREASE FROM 19.0TO19.1 (0.1) IS ADDED TO THE HOLE PATTERN POSITIONAL TOLERANCE AS A GROUP.
~~~~~~~-D_R_A_W_l_N_G_C_A_L_L_O_U_T~~~~~~~~~~IN_T_E_R_P_R_E_T_AT_l_O_N~~~~~~~~~~~~
4X
¢
~
AS THE 4 HOLES INCREASE IN SIZE FROM 7 TO 8 (A BONUS AMOUNT) + 1 IS ADDED TO THE POSITIONAL TOLERANCE. NOTE: A SIZE INCREASE FROM 19.0 TO 19.1 (0.1) IS NOT ADDED TO THE HOLE PATTERN POSITIONAL TOLERANCE UTILIZING RFS ON DATUM FEATURE.
INTERPRETATION
DRAWING CALLOUT
• TYPE OF TOLERANCE
·CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL
LOCATION
SYMMETRY-=-
DATUM REFERENCE
IMPLIED CONDITION
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
ALLOWAllL! MODIFIERS
I -=- I 0.5 I A I YES
RFS
NONE
TOTAL WIDTH
KEYS TO REMEMBER
1.1 VERY EXPENSIVE
I
2. SHOULD FIRST TRY TO USE POSITION
SYMMETRY: The condition where the median points of all opposed or correspondingly located elements of two or more feature surfaces are congruent with the axis or centerplane of a datum feature.
:+a
SYMMETRY TOLERANCE ZONE:
A tolerance zone defined by two parellel planes being equally disposed about the datum axis or plane within which all median points of opposed elements of the feature must lie. 8.8-9.2
~ LS tl 16.7
DRAWING CALLOUT
THE CENTER PLANE OF DATUM FEATURE A
\ DERIVED MEDIAN POINTS
o.'W'" TO~CE~O:E ~ _J
INTERPRETATION
--
U1 U1
RU NO UT TYPE OF TOLERANCE
CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL CIRCULAR RUNOUT
RUNOUT
TOTAL RUNOUT
DATUM REFERENCE
IMPLIED CONDITION
ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
KEYS TO REMEMBER 1. CAN BE DEFINED AS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO FEATURES 2. RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE
/
L/
YES
NONE
RFS
RUNOUT: A composite tolerance used to control the relationship of one or more features of a part to a datum axis during a full 360° rotation about the datum axis.
RUNOUT TOLERANCE: The tolerance zone is the total amount of tolerance specified by a full indicator movement (FIM) when rotated 360°. There are two types of runout - circular & total.
CIRCULAR RUNOUT: Each circular element of the feature must be within the runout tolerance.
NOTE: INDICATOR REMAINS IN FIXED POSITION NORMAL TO THE TRUE GEOMETRIC SHAPE
DATUM AXIS A
/
0.5
A ROTATE PART 360° DATUM FEATURE
DRAWING CALLOUT
A SIMULATOR
INTERPRETATION
TOTAL RUNOUT: All surface elements across the entire surface must be within the runout tolerance. NOTE: INDICATOR MOVED AT EVERY LOCATION ON THE SURFACE NORMAL TO THE TRUE GEOMETRIC SHAPE WITHOUT RESET OF INDICATOR
0.25
L/
0.5
A
l
A 0.3
DRAWING CALLOUT
A
ROTATE PART 360°
!
DATUM FEATURE SIMULATOR
INTERPRETATION
A
CONCENTRICITV TYPE OF TOLERANCE
LOCATION
CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL
CONCENTRICITY
DATUM REFERENCE
©
IMPLIED CONDITION
ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS
TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE
l©I YES
RFS
NONE
0 0.5
IAI
CYLINDRICAL
KEYS TO REMEMBER
1. MUST COMPARE AXES 2. IVERY EXPENSIVE I 3. SHOULD FIRST TRY TO USE POSITION, RUNOUT, OR PROFILE INSTEAD
CONCENTRICITY: The condition where the median points of all diametrically opposed elements of a figure of revolution are congruent with the axis of a datum feature.
CONCENTRICITY TOLERANCE ZONE: A cylindrical tolerance zone whose axis coincides with the datum axis and within which all cross-sectional axes of the feature being controlled must lie. POSSIBLE FEATURE AXIS
I
~
[
~!DA_T_"~l-A-,,:.~ DRAWING CALLOUT
INTERPRETATION
/ 0 0.5 TOL ZONE
Environm8nlal and Safely Engineering • USA
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Ford Autolnotive ~
700 C Fairlan1fl'laza South·
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Dea#'fK>ln; Mit:higan 48f?fj
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EnvironmentSland Safety ~ng . · •. ;::::::- · · ~ ~ . Europe ,--
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Ford Automotive OperatiOOs · · I
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· ·• Koeln ~ M,ertcenich Spessartstrasse D-50Z2.S Koe/rt
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No. 80-14-215 B
1st Edition- JaJ'\uary 1995 · -.~ . _ ©Ford Motor Company, 1995
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