Ford GD&T Pocket Guide [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

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Al.ltornotive Safety and Engineering Standards

~Ge6metric

·, DimerlsiQrting. ~·· ~nd Toterancing :\ ; Jt APocket Guide !o, Supplementthe~ _ . ASMEY14.5M-1994 ~ . , . Dimensioni'fg mm 1~. Tolerancing;Stimdard

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OuaHty -P-~uct

Design Activities

Manufacturing Activiti~

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Environmental and Safety

·• Engineering · Ford Automotive Operations

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GEOMETRIC'DIMENSIONINGAND -TOtERAN~IN(J (GOT} -· INT~ODUCl:ION~-r '

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The purpose of.arfenginee(ing drawing is ta.plearly convey the• - _ productdeslgn mtent of function. To-Clo & ••it fnust be interpreted/ by. Design and Manufacturing .uniformly. • .• 'J /

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•GOT is the Engineering',Producf-Definition -&alldard_whlch describes the ge6metriC features of a product and th_eir 6peratlonal refations.hips-(e$essed as tolerances) to eac~ ottier .and their--. functional _ int~rfaces with/ rnatii;ifr parts, ,asserhblies1 etc, /It provides the dQ.cumentation b~ fo(lhe - desig!l :of ttle productiOn and quality systems. -

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This J:>~O"klel is intended1o sen/e. ~n aid in und~rst~nciing ·GOT and is a ci>ndensed vers1on of the material.. For actditiooal - infOrmatton refer to. '~Dlmensibning. and Tolerancing, ASME Y14,5M-1994": _Drawings containing the note ~.DIMEN~IONING --- AND l'OLERANCING IN ACCGRDANeE WIT~- ASME Y14.5M-1994" eomply with th~ above stated -stC1fidcirO:. ·-.Drawings not containing this note must Ile interpreted using the·. /applical:51astanoard at the tirnE; of its draft.'_./ - -DIMENSIONS SHOWN IN:-THIS POBUcATfON ARE INtv'llLLIMETERS. ·::: . the llf~strations shown in this booklet are intended ~o aid user in -.understanding the • prindples. an-d methodS. of Dimensioning and Tolerancin9: Ma)'ly bf the lttustrations are incampiete by intent and should not be Used as the basis for ' Design Criteria, Acceptance, or Rejeetionof Components. -

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM

PAGE

INTRODUCTION GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 COMMON TERMS AND DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 FEATURE CONTROL FRAME ......................... 3-4 GENERAL RULES ................................... 5-7 DATUM SYSTEM .................................. 8-14 STRAIGHTNESS .................................. 15-16 FLATNESS ......................................... 17 CIRCULARITY ...................................... 18 CYLINDRICITY ..................................... 19 PROFILE ......................................... 20-26 PARALLELISM ................................... 27-28 PERPENDICULARITY ............................. 29-30 ANGULARITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 TANGENT PLANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 POSITION ........................................ 33-53 SYMMETRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 RUNOUT ......................................... 55-56 CONCENTRICITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

j

GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOLS TYPE OF TOLERANCE FOR INDIVIDUAL FEATURES

FORM

FOR INDIVIDUAL OR RELATED FEATURES

PROFILE

ORIENTATION

FOR RELATED FEATURES

LOCATION

CHARACTERISTIC

SYMBOL

STRAIGHTNESS

-

FLATNESS

D

CIRCULARITY

0

CYLINDRICITY

/)'

PROFILE OF A LINE

n

MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION @(MMC)

a

ANGULARITY

L

The condition in which a feature of size contains the maximum amount of material within the stated limits of size - for example, minimum hole diameter, maximum shaft diameter.

PERPENDICULARTY

_L

PARALLELISM

II

POSITION

'11-

CONCENTRICITY

0 -

CIRCULAR RUNOUT

J'.

TOTAL RUNOUT

u·

•Arrowhead(s) may be filled or not filled.

MATERIAL CONDITIONS TERM

VIRTUAL CONDITION

NONE

REGARDLESS OF FEATURE SIZE

ADDITIONAL SYMBOLS DIAMETRICAL FEATURE ORTOL.ZONE

SYMBOL

BASIC DIMENSION

~

REFERENCE DIMENSION

(50)

PROJECTED TOLERANCE ZONE

®

DATUM FEATURE

DATUM TARGET DATUM TARGET POINT DIMENSION ORIGIN FEATURE CONTROL FRAME CONICAL TAPER

TERM COUNTERSINK

¢

r

DEPTH/DEEP SQUARE (SHAPE)

*

6!1 x

"24

DESIGN INTENT

'

'

>"24

POSSIBLE RESULT

Therefore relationship between individual features must be controlled to ..,,... incomplete drawing requirements; geometric tolerancing is used to control • location or orientation (Fig. 2).

EXAMPLE: IMPLIES RFS

SCREW THREADS Each tolerance of orientation or position and datum reference specified for a screw thread applies to the axis of the thread derived from the pitch cylinder (diameter). Where an exception to this practice is necessary, the specific feature of the screw thread (such as MINOR DIA or MAJOR DIA) shall be stated beneath the feature control frame or beneath the datum feature symbol, as applicable. EXAMPLE: {APPLICABLE TO FEATURE CONTROLLED}

I-$- I¢ MAJOR

DESIGN INTENT

IL I 0.08 I A I I /I 0.1 IA-Bi

lolo.o51

0.05

¢

@ IA

(APPLICABLE TO DATUM)

I MAJOR

¢

CONTROLLED RESULT

PERFECT FORM MMC & FEATURE RELATIONSHIP If it is necessary to establish a boundary of perfect form at MMC to control the

relationship between features, the following methods (A, B, C, D) are used.

5

6

DATUM SYSTEM

GENERAL RULES (Cont.) GEARS AND SPLINES

DATUM

A QUALIFYING NOTATION MUST BE ADDED TO THE SYMBOL OR NOIE (E.G., MAJOR¢)

A theoretically exact point, axis, or plane derived from the true geometric counterpart of a specified datum feature. A datum is the origin from which the location or geometric characteristics of features of a part are established.

DATUM FEATURE SIMULATOR

EXAMPLE:

I-$- I¢

0.08

MAJOR

A surface of adequately precise form (such as surface plate, a gage surface, or a mandrel) contacting the datum feature(s) and used to establish the simulated datum( s ).

@I A I

SIMULATED DATUM

¢

A point, axis, or plane established by processing or inspection equipment (datum feature simulator).

DATUM FEATURES AT VIRTUAL CONDITION

DATUM FEATURE

When a feature is designated to be used as a datum feature (Fig. I, B and C) * e datum features apply at their virtual condition when used for verifying a ~ relationship to them (Fig. 2).

FIG.1

+0.4 2XIZS5 _ _ 01

o.5

@I A le~lc81

An actual feature of a part that is used to stage the part in the equipment (datum feature simulator) for purposes of relating its geometry (relationships) to the datum reference frame.

DATUM REFERENCE FRAME Sufficient datum features, those most important to the design of a part, or designated portions of these features are chosen to position the part in relation to a set of three mutually perpendicular planes, jointly called a datum reference frame (see figure 1). This reference frame exits in theory only and not on the part. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a method of simulating the theoretical reference frame from the actual features of the part (see figure 2). This simulation is accomplished by positioning specifically identified features in contact with appropriate datum simulators, in a stated order of precedence, to restrict motion of the a part and to relate the part adequately to the datum reference frame.

FIG.1

DIRECTION OF MEASUREMENTS

FIG. 2

90°

¢ 9.25- 2 HOLES (VIRTUAL CONDITION OF DATUM FEATURES)

15 BASIC

13 16MIN+-

BASIC

BASIC

l_~ :~ $~ : ~-f

?).

~'

MUTUALLY PERPENDICULAR PLANES

10MIN

¢ 4.4-2PINS (VIRTUAL CONDITION)

GAGE FOR VERIFYING FEATURE RELATIONSHIPS

7

8

DATUM SYSTEM (Cont.)

DATUM SYSTEM (CONT.) FIG. 2a

ESTABLISHMENT OF DATUM AXIS, RFS EXTERNAL FEATURE

THIS ON THE DRAWING

•

FIG. 2C

ESTABLISHMENT Of DATUM AXIS, RFS INTERNAL FEATURE

THIS ON THE DRAWING

____r1AJ

t,-------=--=----3-

r

MEANS THIS

MEANS THIS

Datum feature A

NOTE: Simulated datum fealUre

Component

not shown for clarity

~~~~

Datum fea ure simulator e.. Collet)

Datum feature simulator -~'!9ing MandrelL

Datum axis A (theoretical) (Axis of true geometric counterpart)

Datum axis A (theoretical) (Axis of true geometric counterpart)

FIG. 2b

THIS ON THE DRAWING

11 DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE A PLANE

I

Datum plane A (theoretical) (True geometric counterpart of datum feature A) Oat

f t

__I_

TO AN EXTENSION OF THE FEATURE

t

--CYLINDRICAL FEATURE

I

I

t:i)- l;-+==D

I

l

t~l-

DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE AN AXIS

Datum feature A Component Datum Feature Simulator (e.g. Surlace Plate) Datum plane A (theoretical) (True geometric counterpart of datum feature A)

(b) Component & datum feature simulator in contact

9

~

A

(a) Component & datum feature simulator prior to contact

Jl

~

TO THE FEATURE OUTLINE

Simulated datum plane A Simulated datum feature (Plane established from the actual (Surlace of manuafacturing or surlace of the datum feature simulator) verification equipment)

Simulated datum plane A (Plane established from the actual surlace of the datum feature simulator)

NOTE: Simulated datum feature not shown for clarity

(SOME TYPICAL EXAMPLES) PLANE SURFACE

h \T

True geometric counterpart of datum feature A (Largest inscribed cylinder)

DATUM FEATURE SYMBOL PLACEMENT

NON--SIZE DATUM FEATURE ESTABLISHMENT OF DATUM PLANE

MEANS THIS

_J

NON CYLINDRICAL FEATURE DATUM REFERENCED BY THE FEATURE IS TO BE A CENTERPLANE

L

19

10

PART POSITIONING IN THE DATUM REFERENCE FRAME (ORF) NON-CYLINDRICAL DATUM FEATURES

I~ I¢

0.2

•

CYLINDRICAL DATUM FEATURES

COMPONENT AS DRAWN The datum established by a cylindrical surface is the axis of a true cylinder simulated by the processing equipment. A cylindrical datum feature is always associated with two theoretical planes intersecting at right angles on the datum

@I A I B I c I

Et? 58

(ORF) (Cont.)

er

axis.

COMPONENT AS DRAWN

I'

The primary datum feature relates the part to the datum reference frame by bringing a minimum of three points on the surface into contact with the first datum plane. The part is further related to the frame by bringing at least two points of the secondary datum feature into contact with the second datum plane. 1bc relationship is completed by bringing at least one point of the tertiary datum feature into contact with the third datum plane.

--~--> l------- ------

FIRST DATUM PLANE (PRIMARY) ~goo~

,..i --

A

(PRIMARY)

-------y

goo~:

(1

0

', "-.......---

',

These two theoretical planes are represented on a drawing by center lines crossing at right angles. The intersection of these planes coincides with the datum axis. Once established, the datum axis becomes the ongm for related dimensions while the two planes (X and Y) indicate the direction of measurements.

'>

-------

THIRD DATUM PLANE (TERTIARY)

SEQUENCE OF DATUM FEATURES RELATING COMPONENT TO DATUM REFERENCE FRAME

11

--~ FIRST DATUM PLANE A

SECOND DATUM PLANE B (SECONDARY) ~

~~--

ESTABLISH (SECONDARY) DATUMAXISB

C

NOTE: The processing equipment controls movement in three mutually perpendicular directions. These three directions establish the three perpendicular planes of the datum reference frame which can be used as origins of measurements. Machine tables and movements, surface plates, etc., are not true planes, but are of such quality they simulate datum planes adequately. Measurements, therefore are made from planes, axes, and points in the processmg eqmpment.

12

DATUM TARGETS

DATUM TARGET AREA

A specified point, line, or area on a part used to establish a datum.

A datum target area is indicated by section lines inside a phantom outline of the desired shape, with controlling dimensions added. The diameter of circular areas is given in the upper half of the datum target symbol.

a

DATUM TARGET POINT A datum target point is indicated by the symbol located on a direct view of the surface.

X (cross) which is dimensionally

CONTACT AREA AT BASIC LOCATION COMPONENT

POINT CONTACT AT BASIC LOCATION

/ COMPONENT

DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

DATUM TARGET AREA DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

Where it becomes impracticable to show a target area, the method shown below may be used.

DATUM TARGET LINE A datum target line is indicated by the symbol X (cross) on an edge view of the surface, a phantom line on the direct view or both.

COMPON~ENT

~CATING ~(PIN DRAWING CALLOUT

13

-

INTERPRETATION

14

...

STRAIGHTNESS

en

TYPE OF TOLERANCE

CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL

DATUM REFERENCE

IMPLIED CONDITION

ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS

FORM

STRAIGHTNESS-

NONE

RFS

MMCORLMC IF TOLERANCE APPLIES TO AN AXIS OR CENTER PLANE

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

1-1

I

1-1

I

o.os TOTAL WIDTH

¢0.os CYLINDRICAL

KEYS TO REMEMBER

1. COMPARES TO A PERFECT COUNTERPART OF ITSELF (STRAIGHT LINE) 2. ADDITIVE TO SIZE WHEN APPLIED TO AN AXIS

STRAIGHTNESS: A condition where an element of a surface or an axis is a straight line.

STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone within which the considered element or derived median line, must lie.

CASE1

CASE2

CASE3

Straightness tolerance of element lines on a surface

Straightness tokrance of an axis RFS

Straightness tolerance of an axis MMC

¢ 12.9-$-

E-3-=l_

12.7

12.9-$¢ 12.7

E-=+=l_

~OLFRAME

JURE CONTROL FRAME MUST POINT TO ELEMENT LINES ON A SURFACE

1-100.os@I

~EATURECONTROLFRAME MUST BE WITH THE SIZE

MUST BE WITH THE SIZE DIMENSION

DIMENSION

DRAWING CALLOUT

DRAWING CALLOUT

12.9-$012.1

DRAWING CALLOUT

.08

B

--~--'---+-012.9MMC

c:=J•

r

cs •r===:J==t_

...

~

12.9MAX+0.08

12.98 VIRTUAL COND (MAY NOT BE VIOLATED)

0 12.9MMC

b

0

0.08 T'L RFS

AXIS MUST LIE WITHIN

0

Lo.oa

=r=t==:J=t

0

12.7 ATANYCROSS SECTION

DIFFERENCE IN DIA SIZE STRAIGHTNESSO TOL SPECIFIED

~

f ["~'""'

12.98 VIRTUAL COND MAY NOT BE VIOLATED)

0 12.9MMC

h

~ 0

"\ \ \

O.OS + 0.

2

12.7LMC

INTERPRETATION INTERPRETATION INTERPRETATION L___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _....J._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...L..._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___,

FLATNESS TYPE OF TOLERANCE

FORM

CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL

FLATNESS

0

DATUM REFERENCE

NONE

IMPLIED CONDITION

ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

1. COMPARES TO A PERFECT COUNTERPART OF ITSELF (PLANE) 2. NOT ADDITIVE TO SIZE OR LOCATION LIMITS 3. NO PARTICULAR ORIENTATION

lolo.051

NONE

RFS

KEYS TO REMEMBER

TOTAL WIDTH

FLATNESS: A condition of a surface having all elements in one plane. 0.05 TOLERANCE ZONE ANY PLACE WITHIN HIGH & LOW LIMIT NO PARTICULAR ORIENTATION

FLATNESS TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone is defined by two parallel planes within which the entire surface must lie.

POSSIBLE SURFACE CONTOUR

TOLERANCE - ZONE

60 HIGH LIMIT

!

59 LOW LIMIT

t

DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

,, CIRCULARITY TYPE OF TOLERANCE

CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL

DATUM REFERENCE

IMPLIED CONDITION

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS

Io FORM

CIRCULARITY

0

NONE

RFS

10.131

TOTAL WIDTH TOL ZONE BETWEEN TWO CONCENTRIC CIRCLES

NONE

KEYS TO REMEMBER 1. APPLIES AT SINGLE CROSS SECTIONS ONLY 2. IS LIKE A STRAIGHTNESS TOL ZONE CURLED AROUND A CIRCLE

CIRCULARITY: A condition on a surface of revolution (cylinder, cone, sphere) where all points of the surface intersected by any plane perpendicular to a common axis (cylinder, cone) or passing through a common center (sphere) are equidistant from that axis or center.

CIRCULARITY TOLERANCE ZONE: A tolerance zone bounded by two concentric circles within which each circular element of the surface must lie.

I• • 1

-4-,

12 (SELECTED)

0 9.74

~90°

...co

010MAX. (ACTUAL MEASUREMENT AT THIS SECTION) POSSIBLE PART CONTOUR AT THIS SECTION

0.13TOL ZONE SECTION ENLARGED

DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

...

CYLINDRICITY

ATSURFD

I A IB c I

0.5 @

AT DATUM FEATURE

I -$- j ¢

A

CASE1 ¢ 0.5 TOL ZONE AT¢ 8 (MMC OF HOLE)

AT SURFACED

I-$- J ¢ 025

AT DATUM FEATURE

CASE1 ¢ 0.25 TOL ZONE AT ¢ 8 (MMC OF HOLE)

DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

m~---------------------'----------------------~

ig

POSITION -

AS APPLIED TO NON-CYLINDRICAL FEATURES POSSIBLE CENTER PLANE

DATUM PLANE A

ZONE

CASE1 CASE2 CASE3

lfl -1 o.s@I A IBJ lfl -1 o.s©J AIBJ lfll-Jo.s IAJBJ

(SEE CASES BELOW)

ENLARGED VIEW CASE3 0.5TOLZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SLOT SIZE

CASE1 0.5TOLZONE AT 8 (MMC OF SLOT) 2.5TOLZONE AT 10 (LMC OF SLOT)

CASE2 0.5TOLZONE AT 10 (LMC OF SLOT) 2.5TOLZONE AT 8 (MMC OF SLOT)

INTERPRETATION

DRAWING CALLOUT

•

4

DATUM AXISA

POSSIBLE\ FEATURE AXIS

¢

10.0 9.5

A

¢ CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4

20 19

Ifll- J¢ I fll- J¢ Ifll- J¢ Ifll- J¢

@IA@I 0.2 @I AI 0.2 I A@ I 0.2 I AI

CASE1

CASE2

¢0.2 TOL. ZONE AT¢ 20 (MMC OF FEATURE) AND 010 (MMC OF DATUM FEATURE)

0 0.2 TOL. ZONE AT Qj 20 (MMC OF FEATURE) REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE

01.7TOL.ZONE AT ¢ 19 (LMC OF FEATURE) AND 0 9.5 (LMC OF DATUM FEATURE)

¢ 1.2 TOL. ZONE AT 019 (LMC OF FEATURE) REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE

0.2

DRAWING CALLOUT

CASE3 0 0.2 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND 010 (MMC OF DATUM FEATURE) 0 0.7 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND ¢ 9.5 (LMC OF DATUM FEATURE)

CASE4 0.2 TOL. ZONE REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE DATUM FEATURE

¢

INTERPRETATION

g,__~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--'-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

:!:::

POSITION -

AS APPLIED TO SYMMETRY

DEFINITION: A CONDITION IN WHICH A FEATURE IS SYMMETRICALLY DISPOSED ABOUT THE CENTERPLANE OF A DATUM FEATURE

B

DATUM CENTERPLANE

8

1

,*[~

POSSIBLE CENTER PLANE

40 39

12 11

CASE 1 CASE2 CASE3

I-Ell-I o.5@1 A I B@I I-Ell-I o.5©1 A I B©I I-Ell-I 0.5 IA I BI

CASE1 WITH DATUM FEATURE AT 40 (MMC SIZE)

TOL. ZONE 2 PARALLEL PLANES

CASE2 WITH DATUM FEATURE 8 AT 39 (LMC SIZE)

8

0.5 TOL. ZONE AT 11 (MMC OF FEATURE)

0.5 TOL. ZONE AT 12 (LMC OF FEATURE)

1.5 TOL. ZONE AT 12 (LMC OF FEATURE)

1.5 TOL. ZONE AT 11 (MMC OF FEATURE)

CASE3 THE LOCATIONAL TOLERANCE OF 0.5 MUST BE HELD REGARDLESS OF THE SIZE OF THE FEATURE AND DATUM FEATURE 8

INTERPRETATION

DRAWING CALLOUT

•

4

-AS APPLIED TO MATING PARTS WITH FLOATING FASTENER CALCULATIONS: USING THE FORMULA WHERE

H@ F@ ¢

T

H@- F@=¢ T

=MIN. CLEARANCE HOLE = MAX. DIA. OF FASTENER =POSITIONAL TOLERANCE

SUBSTITUTING: ¢T = 10.5-10 ¢T = 0.5 POSITIONAL TOLERANCE CALCULATION FOR GAGE PIN SIZE ¢PIN =H@-¢T 10 = 10.5-0.5

COMPONENT PART 2 REQ'D

¢10(GAGE PINS)

GAGE FOR COMPONENT CHECKING GAGE MAKERS

~~-----------------------1--------~T~O=LE~R~A~N~C=ES~A~P~P~LY.:.__ _ _ _ _ _~

POSITION -

FIXED FASTENER SYSTEM CALCULATIONS: USING THE FORMULA H@- f@=¢T1 + ¢T2 WHERE H @ =MIN. DIA. CLEARANCE HOLE F @= MAX. DIA. OF FASTENER ¢ T1 =POSITIONAL TOLERANCE (COMPONENT 1) ¢ T, = POSITIONAL TOLERANCE (COMPONENT 2) SUBSTITUTION: 10.5- 10 = ¢Q.25 + @.25 CALCULATIONS FOR GAGE PIN SIZE N0.1 ¢ PIN=H@-¢T

N0.2 ¢PIN=F@+ ¢f 10.25=10 + 0.25

10.25 = 10.5 -0.25

4X ¢10.25

i"'

COMPONENT2

-.j

HI1J

N0.2

GAGES

N0.1

DRAWING CALLOUT •

-

AS APPLIED TO HOLES AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDmON

I

@

(NOT RECOMMENDED FOR THREADED HOLES)

WITH THIS SPECIFICATION THE FEATURE SIZE MUST BE CONTAINED WITHIN THIS RANGE.

~l

ACTUAL MATING ENVELOPE

47 TOLERANCE ZONE

¢10.25@ ¢10.3 ¢10.35 ¢10.4 ¢10.45

¢0 ¢0.05 ¢0.1 ¢0.15 ¢0.2

¢10.5@ ¢10.6 ¢10.7 ¢10.8 ¢10.9© ¢11 L

¢0.25 ¢0.35 ¢0.45 ¢0.55 ¢0.65 ¢0.75

47

WITH ZERO TOL. CALLOUT FEATURE SIZE RANGE IS INCREASED PROVIDING MAXIMUM MANUFACTURING TOL.

I NOTE: I SINCE THE MMC SIZE (10.25) IS EQUAL TO THE MMC VIRTUAL CONDITION - NO SEPARATE MMC LIMIT FEATURE SIZE GAGE (GO OR SIMULATION) IS REQUIRED.

DRAWING CALLOUT t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

POSITION -

FEATURE RELATIONSHIPS CONTROLLED BY A COMPOSITE POSITIONAL TOLERANCING

A

1~ I

B

~

DRAWING CALLOUT •

!

¢0.9 PATIERN-LOCATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND BASICALLY LOCATED TO THE DATUM REFERENCE FRAME)

4fbFEATURE-RELATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND ORIENTED TO THE DATUM)

ACTUAL FEATURE AXES 48 MUST SIMULTANEOUSLY LIE WITHIN BOTH TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDERS

10 FROMDATUMB

} FROMDATUMC ONE POSSIBLE DISPLACEMENT OF ACTUAL FEATURE PATIERN.

""

INTERPRETATION

~ '--------------------------------------------~

~

POSITION -

TWO SINGLE-SEGMENT FEATURE CONTROL FRAMES WITH SECONDARY DATUM IN LOWER FEATURE CONTROL FRAME

A

B

DRAWING CALLOUT

• mo.a "ATTll'IN·LOCATING TOLERANCE

(210.3 FEATURE-RELATING TOLERANCE ZONE CYLINDER (4 ZONES, BASICALLY RELATED TO EACH OTHER AND ORIENTED TO THE DATUMS)

ZONE CYLINDER (

v

I/

v

v

0

0

"'

"' "'"'

0.25 1

I/

I/ I/ I/ I 0.3

I/ I/ I/ I/

I

I/

v

I// I I/

I

VII

I/ V I

I

v

I

I

IJ I/

I/

11

v 0

0.2

I/

v v

)
-

01

I

ILLL -'-

I/ L.--

a~~NNWW~~~

01

I

I/ I

~

...... ,_

I

/

1--

v v

01

I

11

/

01

0.05

IX

~

01

11 0

0

:.. :..

"'

0

0

I cOORDINATE DI FFERENCE

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5

0

0

"' "'"' "' "'"'

0

:..,

0

:..,

"'

.t 0.175C OORDINATED TOL I

COORDINATE DIFFERENCE

• l

RELATION OF MMC HOLES TO ANOTHER MMC HOLE 4X

¢

~

¢18.75 (MMC VIRTUAL COND.)

20 19

¢ 7MMCHOLE ¢-1 TOLZONE ¢ 6GAGEPIN ¢

¢6 4PINS

AS THE 4 HOLES INCREASE IN SIZE FROM 7 TO 8 (A BONUS AMOUNT) + 1 IS ADDED TO THE POSITIONAL TOLERANCE. NOTE: ASIZE INCREASE FROM 19.0TO19.1 (0.1) IS ADDED TO THE HOLE PATTERN POSITIONAL TOLERANCE AS A GROUP.

~~~~~~~-D_R_A_W_l_N_G_C_A_L_L_O_U_T~~~~~~~~~~IN_T_E_R_P_R_E_T_AT_l_O_N~~~~~~~~~~~~

4X

¢

~

AS THE 4 HOLES INCREASE IN SIZE FROM 7 TO 8 (A BONUS AMOUNT) + 1 IS ADDED TO THE POSITIONAL TOLERANCE. NOTE: A SIZE INCREASE FROM 19.0 TO 19.1 (0.1) IS NOT ADDED TO THE HOLE PATTERN POSITIONAL TOLERANCE UTILIZING RFS ON DATUM FEATURE.

INTERPRETATION

DRAWING CALLOUT

• TYPE OF TOLERANCE

·CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL

LOCATION

SYMMETRY-=-

DATUM REFERENCE

IMPLIED CONDITION

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

ALLOWAllL! MODIFIERS

I -=- I 0.5 I A I YES

RFS

NONE

TOTAL WIDTH

KEYS TO REMEMBER

1.1 VERY EXPENSIVE

I

2. SHOULD FIRST TRY TO USE POSITION

SYMMETRY: The condition where the median points of all opposed or correspondingly located elements of two or more feature surfaces are congruent with the axis or centerplane of a datum feature.

:+a

SYMMETRY TOLERANCE ZONE:

A tolerance zone defined by two parellel planes being equally disposed about the datum axis or plane within which all median points of opposed elements of the feature must lie. 8.8-9.2

~ LS tl 16.7

DRAWING CALLOUT

THE CENTER PLANE OF DATUM FEATURE A

\ DERIVED MEDIAN POINTS

o.'W'" TO~CE~O:E ~ _J

INTERPRETATION

--

U1 U1

RU NO UT TYPE OF TOLERANCE

CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL CIRCULAR RUNOUT

RUNOUT

TOTAL RUNOUT

DATUM REFERENCE

IMPLIED CONDITION

ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

KEYS TO REMEMBER 1. CAN BE DEFINED AS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO FEATURES 2. RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE

/

L/

YES

NONE

RFS

RUNOUT: A composite tolerance used to control the relationship of one or more features of a part to a datum axis during a full 360° rotation about the datum axis.

RUNOUT TOLERANCE: The tolerance zone is the total amount of tolerance specified by a full indicator movement (FIM) when rotated 360°. There are two types of runout - circular & total.

CIRCULAR RUNOUT: Each circular element of the feature must be within the runout tolerance.

NOTE: INDICATOR REMAINS IN FIXED POSITION NORMAL TO THE TRUE GEOMETRIC SHAPE

DATUM AXIS A

/

0.5

A ROTATE PART 360° DATUM FEATURE

DRAWING CALLOUT

A SIMULATOR

INTERPRETATION

TOTAL RUNOUT: All surface elements across the entire surface must be within the runout tolerance. NOTE: INDICATOR MOVED AT EVERY LOCATION ON THE SURFACE NORMAL TO THE TRUE GEOMETRIC SHAPE WITHOUT RESET OF INDICATOR

0.25

L/

0.5

A

l

A 0.3

DRAWING CALLOUT

A

ROTATE PART 360°

!

DATUM FEATURE SIMULATOR

INTERPRETATION

A

CONCENTRICITV TYPE OF TOLERANCE

LOCATION

CHARACTERISTIC AND SYMBOL

CONCENTRICITY

DATUM REFERENCE

©

IMPLIED CONDITION

ALLOWABLE MODIFIERS

TOLERANCE ZONE SHAPE

l©I YES

RFS

NONE

0 0.5

IAI

CYLINDRICAL

KEYS TO REMEMBER

1. MUST COMPARE AXES 2. IVERY EXPENSIVE I 3. SHOULD FIRST TRY TO USE POSITION, RUNOUT, OR PROFILE INSTEAD

CONCENTRICITY: The condition where the median points of all diametrically opposed elements of a figure of revolution are congruent with the axis of a datum feature.

CONCENTRICITY TOLERANCE ZONE: A cylindrical tolerance zone whose axis coincides with the datum axis and within which all cross-sectional axes of the feature being controlled must lie. POSSIBLE FEATURE AXIS

I

~

[

~!DA_T_"~l-A-,,:.~ DRAWING CALLOUT

INTERPRETATION

/ 0 0.5 TOL ZONE

Environm8nlal and Safely Engineering • USA

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Ford Autolnotive ~

700 C Fairlan1fl'laza South·

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Dea#'fK>ln; Mit:higan 48f?fj

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EnvironmentSland Safety ~ng . · •. ;::::::- · · ~ ~ . Europe ,--

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Ford Automotive OperatiOOs · · I

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· ·• Koeln ~ M,ertcenich Spessartstrasse D-50Z2.S Koe/rt

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No. 80-14-215 B

1st Edition- JaJ'\uary 1995 · -.~ . _ ©Ford Motor Company, 1995

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