161 98 8MB
German Pages 838 Year 2010
Christian Wenz
*AVA3CRIPT Das umfassende Handbuch
Der Name Galileo Press geht auf den italienischen Mathematiker und Philosophen Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) zurück. Er gilt als Gründungsfigur der neuzeitlichen Wissenschaft und wurde berühmt als Verfechter des modernen, heliozentrischen Weltbilds. Legendär ist sein Ausspruch %PPURSEMUOVE (Und sie bewegt sich doch). Das Emblem von Galileo Press ist der Jupiter, umkreist von den vier Galileischen Monden. Galilei entdeckte die nach ihm benannten Monde 1610.
'ERNESTEHENWIR)HNENMIT2ATUND4ATZUR3EITE [email protected] bei Fragen und Anmerkungen zum Inhalt des Buches [email protected] für versandkostenfreie Bestellungen und Reklamationen [email protected] für Rezensions- und Schulungsexemplare ,EKTORAT Judith Stevens-Lemoine, Anne Scheibe +ORREKTORAT Heike Jurzik, Köln #OVER Barbara Thoben, Köln #OVERFOTO Fotolia© af-p 4YPOGRAFIEUND,AYOUT Vera Brauner (ERSTELLUNG Maxi Beithe 3ATZ SatzPro, Krefeld $RUCKUND"INDUNG Bercker Graphischer Betrieb, Kevelaer Dieses Buch wurde gesetzt aus der Linotype Syntax Serif (9,25/13,25 pt) in FrameMaker. Gedruckt wurde es auf chlorfrei gebleichtem Offsetpapier.
"IBLIOGRAFISCHE)NFORMATIONDER$EUTSCHEN.ATIONALBIBLIOTHEK Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über HTTPDNBD NBDE abrufbar. )3".
© Galileo Press, Bonn 2010 10., aktualisierte Auflage 2010 Das vorliegende Werk ist in all seinen Teilen urheberrechtlich geschützt. Alle Rechte vorbehalten, insbesondere das Recht der Übersetzung, des Vortrags, der Reproduktion, der Vervielfältigung auf fotomechanischem oder anderen Wegen und der Speicherung in elektronischen Medien. Ungeachtet der Sorgfalt, die auf die Erstellung von Text, Abbildungen und Programmen verwendet wurde, können weder Verlag noch Autor, Herausgeber oder Übersetzer für mögliche Fehler und deren Folgen eine juristische Verantwortung oder irgendeine Haftung übernehmen. Die in diesem Werk wiedergegebenen Gebrauchsnamen, Handelsnamen, Warenbezeichnungen usw. können auch ohne besondere Kennzeichnung Marken sein und als solche den gesetzlichen Bestimmungen unterliegen.
,IEBE,ESERIN LIEBER,ESER dies ist nun schon die 10. Auflage unseres JavaScript-Buches, das sich in vielen Jahren als zuverlässiges Lern- und Nachschlagewerk zu JavaScript bewährt hat. In sieben Themenblöcken behandelt Christian Wenz alles Wissenswerte zum Thema JavaScript. Besonders erwähnt seien die ausführliche Einführung in die Grundlagen von JavaScript, die vielen Praxiskapitel, etwa zu den Themen Fenster und Formulare, Grafiken, Cookies oder Ereignis- und Fehlerbehandlung, sowie die ausführlichen Infos zum großen Thema »Multimedia« und zur serverseitigen Programmierung. Auch diese Auflage wurde wieder gründlich aktualisiert, und es wurden aktuelle Themen aufgenommen, die für die Arbeit mit JavaScript interessant sind. Neu hinzugekommen sind diesmal Kapitel zur JavaScript-Performance und Best Practices für Ajax-Anwendungen. Dieses Buch hat bereits viele Anhänger gefunden, und ich wünsche mir von Ihnen eine kritische und kreative Mitarbeit. Unser Autor, Christian Wenz, ist bekannt für seinen engagierten Einsatz, wenn es um den technischen Leser-Support geht. Scheuen Sie sich also nicht, Fragen zu stellen. Und halten Sie auch keine freundlichen und kritischen Anmerkungen zurück. Diese haben mitgeholfen, das Buch so gut zu machen wie es jetzt ist. Viel Freude beim Lesen!
)HRE*UDITH3TEVENS ,EMOINE Lektorat Galileo Computing
[email protected] www.galileocomputing.de Galileo Press Õ Rheinwerkallee 4 Õ 53227 Bonn
!UFEINEN"LICK 29
4%),)
'RUNDLAGEN....................................................................
4%),))
&ORTGESCHRITTENE4ECHNIKEN .......................................... 123
4%),)))
&EATURES......................................................................... 201
4%),)6
!JAXUND#O .................................................................. 353
4%),6
"LICKÔBERDEN4ELLERRAND .............................................. 491
4%),6)
3ICHERHEIT ...................................................................... 583
4%),6)) 0RAXIS............................................................................. 635
)NHALT
%INLEITUNG
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
22 24 26 28
Die Geschichte von JavaScript ..................................................... Voraussetzungen ........................................................................ Zur 10. Auflage ........................................................................... Die Icons in diesem Buch ............................................................
4%),) 'RUNDLAGEN
7EBBROWSER
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
Netscape Navigator (und Konsorten) .......................................... Microsoft Internet Explorer ......................................................... Opera ......................................................................................... Konqueror .................................................................................. Safari .......................................................................................... Marktanteile ............................................................................... Testsystem ..................................................................................
31 36 39 40 41 43 45
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
3.1
Verwendung von
왘
^cZ^cZgZmiZgcZc9ViZ^
왘
^c;dgbZ^cZh=IBA"A^c`h
왘
VahEVgVbZiZgkdc=IBA"IV\h
>cYZc[da\ZcYZc6WhX]c^iiZclZgYZc Y^ZZ^coZacZcB\a^X]`Z^iZcYZgGZ^]Z cVX]kdg\ZhiZaaijcYZga~jiZgi# 6ah7Z^he^Za]^ZgojY^ZciY^Z6clZ^hjc\ document.write("The weather means the seasons")!Y^ZYZcIZmi "The weather means the seasons"Vjh\^Wi#LVgjb Y^ZhZg7Z[Z]ahd[jc`i^dc^Zgi!Zg[V]gZcH^Z^cYZcc~X]hiZc@Ve^iZac0[gh:ghiZ bhhZcH^Zb^gZ^c[VX]kZgigVjZc#
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
9^ZcV]Za^Z\ZcYhiZBZi]dYZ!?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]aZVjhoj[]gZc!WZhiZ]iYVg^c!YVh&
7Z[Z]aZlZgYZc^c?VkVHXg^eijciZgZ^cVcYZgÄZ^cZgegdOZ^aZÄYVg\ZhiZaai#LZcc H^ZbZ]gZgZ@dbbVcYdh^cZ^cZgOZ^aZjciZgWg^c\ZcldaaZc!bhhZcH^ZY^Z 6clZ^hjc\ZcYjgX]Z^cHZb^`dadckdcZ^cVcYZgigZccZc#>bciZgegZiZgVahdYZb7ZhiVcYiZ^aYZh7gdlhZgh!YZgYZc ?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZVjh[]gib^iojiZ^aZc!Vc lZaX]ZgHiZaaZZ^cZ6clZ^hjc\ZcYZi# :h\^WiVjX]Egd\gVbb^ZghegVX]Zc!WZ^YZcZcYVhOZ^aZcZcYZYVh:cYZZ^cZg 6clZ^hjc\bVg`^Zgi#>c?VkVHXg^ei^hiWZ ^YZhb\a^X]#JbYZc8dYZhVjWZgoj ]VaiZcjcYjbWZ^Egd\gVbb^Zg[Z]aZgchX]cZaaZgY^Z;Z]aZgfjZaaZoj[^cYZc!kZg" o^X]iZ^X]c^X]iVj[dei^dcVaZHig^X]ejc`iZ#:h^hi>]cZcVWZgcViga^X][gZ^\ZhiZaai! h^X]Z^cZcVcYZgZcHi^aVcojZ^\cZcÄ^chWZhdcYZgZ!lZccH^ZWZgZ^ih:g[V]gjc\Zc ^cZ^cZgEgd\gVbb^ZghegVX]Z\ZhVbbZai ]VWZc!^cYZg`Z^cZHig^X]ejc`iZkdg" `dbbZco# 7#K^hjVa7Vh^X$K7HXg^ei# 9^ZWZ^YZc[da\ZcYZc6clZ^hjc\Zch^cYVa hd~fj^kVaZci#:^cbVahiZ]ZcY^ZWZ^" YZc7Z[Z]aZ^ckZghX]^ZYZcZcOZ^aZc!Z^cbVa^cZ^cZgOZ^aZ#
jcY
& 9ZgIV\dYZgYVhIV\4BVcX]Z6jidgZcWZkdgoj\Zc¼YVhIV\»!jbZ^cZZ^cYZji^\Z6W\gZcojc\ kdbLdX]Zc"IV\oj\Zl~]g aZ^hiZc0VcYZgZlZc^\ZWZkdgoj\ Zc¼YZgIV\»#>X]]VWZb^X] Vj[Y^ZHZ^iZYZgBZ]g]Z^i\ZhX]aV\Zc/¼YVhIV\»#
6ERWENDUNGVONSCRIPT
?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZl^gY]^ZgWZ^kdb?VkVHXg^ei">ciZgegZiZgYZhkZglZcYZiZc7gdl" hZghVjh\Z[]gi#7ZigVX]iZcH^Zojb7Z^he^Za[da\ZcYZh=IBA"9d`jbZci/
JavaScript
LZccZhkdb7gdlhZg^ciZgegZi^ZgildgYZc^hijcYY^ZhZg7gdlhZg?VkVHXg^ei jciZghiioi!kZg]~aiZhh^X]hdl^Z[da\ZcYZh=IBA"9d`jbZci/
JavaScript
The weather means the seasons
CZ]bZcH^ZZhb^gW^iiZc^X]iWZa!lZcc Y^ZZghiZc7Z^he^ZaZ^cY^ZhZb@Ve^iZa c^X]ijcWZY^c\iY^ZWgZ^iZ;jc`i^dcheVaZiiZkdc?VkVHXg^eiYZbdchig^ZgZc# LZccH^ZY^ZhZhdYZgZ^cZhYZgVcYZgZc7Z^he^ZaZ^b7jX]^bB^Xgdhd[i>ciZgcZi :meadgZgVj[gj[Zc!Zg]VaiZcH^Z^cVaaZgGZ\ZaY^Z^c6WW^aYjc\(#&\ZoZ^\iZ;Z]" aZgbZaYjc\#H^ZbhhZcZ^ceVVgbVa`a^X`Zc!W^hYZg8dYZVjh\Z[]gil^gY#=^Zg" [g\^WiZholZ^chiVaa^ZgZcH^ZZ^cZcad`VaZcLZWhZgkZg!jcYgj[ZcH^ZY^Z7Z^he^ZaZWZgYZc LZWhZgkZgVj[#
왘
6`i^k^ZgZcH^ZY^Z8]ZX`WdmjciZg :migVh 폷 >ciZgcZidei^dcZc :glZ^iZgi 폷 H^X]Zg]Z^i폷6jh[]gjc\V`i^kZg>c]VaiZ^c9ViZ^ZcVj[YZbad`VaZc8db" ejiZgojaVhhZc#
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
!BBILDUNG
Der Internet Explorer warnt vor lokalem JavaScript-Code.
$ASLANGUAGE !TTRIBUT
9VhdW^\Z7Z^he^Za^hihigZc\ \ZcdbbZcZilVhjchVjWZg#9Vh
6ERWENDUNGVONSCRIPT
M=IBAhX]gZ^Wikdg!YVhhYVh type"6iig^Wji\ZhZioilZgYZcbjhh!^cjchZgZb ;VaaVj["text/javascript"#9ZhlZ\ZckZglZcYZcY^ZA^hi^c\h^cYZc;da\Z`Ve^" iZac^cYZcVaaZgbZ^hiZc;~aaZcYVhtype"6iig^Wji!YZcccjg~aiZgZ7gdlhZglZgiZc cjgYVhlanguage"6iig^WjiVjh# L^ZH^Z^c@Ve^iZa&Zg[V]gZc]VWZc!\^WiZhbZ]gZgZKZgh^dcZckdc?VkVHXg^ei# H^Z`ccZc^b language"6iig^WjiVjX]Zmea^o^iZ^cZYZgKZgh^dcZcVc\ZWZc#9Zg [da\ZcYZ8dYZl^gYcjgkdc7gdlhZgcVjh\Z[]gi!Y^Z?VkVHXg^eiKZgh^dc& jciZghiioZc]^hidg^hX]ZGVcYcdi^o/9Vhh^cY^chWZhdcYZgZYZgCZihXVeZCVk^\V" idgVWKZgh^dc(jcYYZgB^Xgdhd[i>ciZgcZi:meadgZgVWKZgh^dc)/
JavaScript
CdX]~aiZgZdYZgc^X]i`dbeVi^WaZ7gdlhZg^\cdg^ZgZcYZc?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]ajcY \ZWZcc^X]ihVjh# OjgOZ^iYZg9gjX`aZ\jc\6j\jhi'%&%h^cYY^Z^cYZg[da\ZcYZcIVWZaaZVj[\Z" []giZcEVgVbZiZg\ai^\# 0ARAMETER
"EDEUTUNG
JavaScript
Jeder Browser, der JavaScript unterstützt
JavaScript1.1
Alle Browser, die mindestens die JavaScript-Version 1.1 unterstützen (ab NN3, IE4)
JavaScript1.2
Alle Browser, die mindestens die JavaScript-Version 1.2 unterstützen (ab NN4, IE5)
JavaScript1.3
Alle Browser, die mindestens die JavaScript-Version 1.3 unterstützen (ab Netscape Navigator 4.06, IE5)
JavaScript1.4
Ab Netscape 6/Mozilla
JavaScript1.5
Ab Netscape 6/Mozilla 1.0
JavaScript1.6
Ab Firefox 1.5
4ABELLE
Die Parameter für
JavaScript
JavaScript v1.1");
JavaScript v1.2");
JavaScript v1.3");
JavaScript v1.4");
JavaScript v1.5");
JavaScript v1.6");
JavaScript v1.7");
JavaScript v1.8");
6ERWENDUNGVONSCRIPT
>c6WW^aYjc\(#'hZ]ZcH^ZWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ!lVhYZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZg+Vjh\^Wi#
!BBILDUNG
Die vom Internet Explorer 6 unterstützten JavaScript-Versionen
7ZVX]iZcH^ZWZ^dW^\Zb7Z^he^Za!YVhhbVcb^idocument.write()^chWZhdcYZgZ VjX]=IBA"8dYZ!^cY^ZhZb;VaaYVh "IV\[gZ^cZ]dg^odciVaZA^c^Z!Vjh\Z" WZc`Vcc# 9Zg[da\ZcYZcIVWZaaZZcicZ]bZcH^Z!lZaX]ZEVgVbZiZgVjh\Zl~]aiZ7gdlhZg" kZgh^dcZcZg`ZccZcWol#jciZghiioZc/ "ROWSER
5NTERSTÔTZTE0ARAMETER
Netscape 4.00-4.05
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.2
Netscape 4.06-4.8
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.3
Netscape 6/7/8, Mozilla, Firefox
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.9
Internet Explorer 4
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.2
Internet Explorer 5/5.5/6/7/8
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.3
Opera 5.x/6/7/8/9
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.4
Konqueror/Safari
JavaScript1.0 bis JavaScript1.4
4ABELLE
Die von ausgewählten Browsern unterstützten Parameter /
JavaScript
LZccH^ZY^ZhZHZ^iZ^b7gdlhZgaVYZc!Zg]VaiZcH^ZjciZgJbhi~cYZcZ^cZ;Z]" aZgbZaYjc\!kdgVaaZb^c~aiZgZc7gdlhZgc#9ZgVah?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]ajcYa^Z[ZgiZ^cZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\# 6WZgVjX]]^Zg\^WiZhZ^cZc`aZ^cZcIg^X`!b^iYZbH^ZY^ZhZh=^cYZgc^hVjhYZb LZ\g~jbZc`ccZc#B^i //aZ^iZibVcZ^cZc@dbbZciVg^b?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZ Z^c#9^ZKZglZcYjc\kdc@dbbZciVgZc^hiWZ^YZgEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\hZ]gl^X]"
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
i^\!YVb^ibVcVjX]LdX]Zche~iZgcdX]lZ^!lVhbVcYVbVahZ^\Zcia^X]WZVW" h^X]i^\i]Vi!jcYYVb^iVjX]VcYZgZBZchX]Zcb^iYZb8dYZVgWZ^iZc`ccZc#:h \^WiolZ^6giZckdc@dbbZciVgZc/ 왘
//:=^Zgb^il^gYZ^cZ^coZ^a^\Zg@dbbZciVgZ^c\ZaZ^iZi0VaaZh]^ciZgYZcWZ^"
YZcHX]g~\hig^X]Zc^cYZg_ZlZ^a^\ZcOZ^aZl^gYkdb?VkVHXg^ei">ciZgegZiZg ^\cdg^Zgi# 왘
/*jcY */:=^Zgb^il^gYZ^cbZ]goZ^a^\Zg@dbbZciVgZ^c\ZaZ^iZi0VaaZhcVX] /*l^gYkdb?VkVHXg^ei">ciZgegZiZg^\cdg^Zgi!W^hY^ZOZ^X]Zc[da\Z */`dbbi jcYYZc@dbbZciVgVWhX]a^Zi#
>b[da\ZcYZcA^hi^c\hZ]ZcH^Z7Z^he^ZaZ[g@dbbZciVgZ/
JavaScript
6ERWENDUNGVONSCRIPT
@dbbZcl^gojbjghegc\a^X]ZcEgdWaZbojgX`#9Zg7gdlhZg\^WiZ^cZ;Z]aZg" bZaYjc\Vjh!lZ^a-->Vah?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZ^ciZgegZi^Zgil^gYjcYc^X]iVah=IBA" :aZbZci#LZccYZb -->_ZYdX]Z^c //kdgVc\ZhiZaail^gY!^\cdg^ZgiYZg?VkV" HXg^ei">ciZgegZiZgY^ZhZc8dYZ0YZg=IBA">ciZgegZiZg_ZYdX]hiZaai[Zhi!YVhhYZg @dbbZciVgoj:cYZ^hi#9Zg[da\ZcYZ8d YZl^gYkdc7gdlhZgc!Y^Z?VkVHXg^ei jciZghiioZc!Vjh\Z[]gi#7gdlhZg!Y^Z`Z^c?VkVHXg^eijciZghiioZcdYZgWZ^ YZcZc?VkVHXg^eiYZV`i^k^Zgi^hi!hZ]ZcZ^cZc=IBA"@dbbZciVg!^\cdg^ZgZcYVh >ccZgZjcY\ZWZc[da\a^X]c^X]ihVjh!VjX]`Z^cZcejgZc?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZ#
JavaScript
7Z^bdYZgcZcc^X]i?VkVHXg^ei"[~]^\Zc7gdlhZgc^hiZhVaaZgY^c\hc^X]ibZ]g cdilZcY^\!YZc?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZYjgX]Z^c@dbbZciVgoZ^X]ZcojkZghiZX`Zc# H^ZhZ]ZcVcYZcdW^\Zc7Z^he^ZaZc!YVhhZhgZaVi^kZ^c[VX]^hi!WZ^7gdlhZgc!Y^Z ?VkVHXg^eijciZghiioZc!Z^cZcIZmiVj hoj\ZWZc#9ZgVcYZgZLZ\^hiVWZgVjX] b\a^X]#:h\^Wi]^Zg[gZ^cWZhdcYZgZh=IBA":aZbZci!!YVhhd~]c" a^X]l^Z[jc`i^dc^Zgi#9Vb^ih^cY[da\ZcYZHoZcVg^ZcYZc`WVg/ 왘
9Zg7gdlhZgjciZghiioi`Z^c?VkVHXg^ei!Z\Va!dWYVh"IV\WZ`Vcci ^hidYZgc^X]i#:hl^gYcdi[Vaah^\cdg^Zgi!jcYY^ZYVgVj[[da\ZcYZc=IBA":aZ" bZciZlZgYZc^ciZgegZi^ZgiWol#YZg>c]Vail^gYVc\ZoZ^\i#
왘
9Zg7gdlhZgjciZghiioi?VkVHXg^ei!jcYZh^hiVjX]Z^c\ZhX]VaiZi#9Vccl^gY VaaZh!lVhol^hX]ZcjcYhiZ]i!c^X]iYVg\ZhiZaai#
왘
9Zg7gdlhZgjciZghiioi?VkVHXg^ei!Zh^hi_ZYdX]Vjh\ZhX]VaiZi#9Vccl^gY VjX]VaaYVhYVg\ZhiZaai!lVhol^hX]ZcjcYhiZ]i#
JavaScript
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
Ihr Browser kann mit JavaScript nichts anfangen, oder es ist ausgeschaltet!
9Zc`ZcH^Z^bbZgVjX]VcY^Z_Zc^\Zc7ZhjX]Zg!Y^Z?VkVHXg^eiYZV`i^k^Zgi]VWZc dYZgYZgZc7gdlhZgbVcYZc`ZcjgVcY^ZZ^c\ZhX]g~c`iZc7gdlhZgkdc=VcY" ]ZaYh`Z^c?VkVHXg^eijciZghiioi#:ghiZaaZcH^Zcdi[VaahZ^cZKZgh^dc>]gZgLZW" h^iZ!Y^ZVjX]d]cZ?VkVHXg^ei[jc`i^dc^Zgi# 6WW^aYjc\(#*oZ^\i!YVhhYVhiVih~X]a^X ][jc`i^dc^Zgi/H^ZhZ]ZcdW^\Zh9d`j" bZci^b`aVhh^hX]ZcIZmi"LZWWgdlhZgAncm#
!BBILDUNG
Kein JavaScript beim Text-Browser Lynx
%XTERNE$ATEIEN
LZccH^Zhe~iZgZ^cbVa?VkVHXg^ei"Egd \gVbbZhX]gZ^WZc!Y^ZVj[bZ]gZgZc jciZghX]^ZYa^X]ZcHZ^iZcWZci^\ilZgYZc!l~gZZhZ^\Zcia^X]o^Zba^X]ig^X]i! YVhhZaWZH`g^ei^cbZ]gZgZHZ^iZcoj`de^ZgZcÄYZg6j[lVcYWZ^tcYZgjc\ZcVb H`g^eil~gZWZig~X]ia^X]!YVbZ]gZgZ 9ViZ^Zc\Z[[cZijcY\Z~cYZgilZgYZc bhhiZc# :h\^Wi]^ZgVj[YZcZghiZc7a^X`Z^cZc6jhlZ\!YZgVWZgVj[YZcolZ^iZc7a^X` VjX]hZ^cZCVX]iZ^aZ]Vi#OjZghiojg\gVjZcI]Zdg^Z/BVc`VccWZ^b
CViga^X]`VccVjX]]^ZgYVhlanguage"6iig^Wji\ZhZioilZgYZc^cYZcc~X]hiZc @Ve^iZachZioZ^X]VWZgVjhYZcojkdg\ZcVcciZc]gZb7gdlhZgVjh/
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
!BBILDUNG
Nur ein Zitat wird angezeigt.
9Vh:g\ZWc^hhZ]ZcH^Z^c6WW^aYjc\(#+/9Zg>c]VaiYZh
DWld]aZmiZgcZ9ViZ^ZchZ]gegV`i^hX] jcYVjX]gZX]ilZ^ikZgWgZ^iZih^cY! ]VWZch^ZZ^cZcCVX]iZ^a/H^ZlZgYZc^cYZgGZ\ZaZghiYVcc\ZaVYZc!lZccYVh `dbeaZiiZ=IBA"9d`jbZcikdga^Z\i#:h `VccVahdjciZgJbhi~cYZcZ^clZc^\ YVjZgc!W^hYZg8dYZkdga^Z\i#9Vh`VccWZ^`dbeaZmZgZc7Z^he^ZaZcYjgX]Vjhoj I^b^c\"EgdWaZbZc[]gZc#HdaaiZc^cY^ZhZb7jX]ZmiZgcZ9ViZ^ZckZglZcYZi lZgYZc!hdY^ZciYVh^cYZgGZ\ZaYZgzW Zgh^X]ia^X]`Z^iYZh8dYZh#7Z]VaiZcH^Z VWZgYVhediZco^ZaaZI^b^c\"EgdWaZb^b=^ciZg`de[#
*AVA3CRIPT ,INKS
?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]aZlZgYZcd[iVj[\gjcYkdc7ZcjioZgZ^c\VWZcVjh\Z[]gi#:^cZ B\a^X]`Z^iWZhiZ]iYVg^c!Z^cZ6`i^dcYjgX]Z^cZcBVjh`a^X`ojhiVgiZc#7Zkdg Z^ceVVg7Z^he^ZaZkdg\ZhiZaailZgYZc!bj hhcdX]Z^ccZjZg?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]a window.alert("Invincibility is in oneself, Z^c\Z[]gilZgYZc#B^i
*AVA3CRIPT ,INKS
vulnerabilityisintheopponent")l^gYZ^cbdYVaZh;ZchiZgVjh\Z\ZWZc!YVh
YZcIZmi¼>ck^cX^W^a^in^h^cdcZhZa[!kjacZgVW^a^in^h^ci]ZdeedcZci»VcoZ^\i#?Z cVX]kZglZcYZiZb7gdlhZgh^Z]iYVhZilV hVcYZghVjh0^c6WW^aYjc\(#,hZ]Zc H^ZY^Z9VghiZaajc\^b;^gZ[dmjcY^c6WW^aYjc\(#-^bHV[Vg^"7gdlhZg#H^ZhZ]Zc YVgVc!YVhhH^ZVj[YVh\gV[^hX]ZAVndji`Z^cZc:^c[ajhhcZ]bZc`ccZc!YZcc YVhl^gYkdb_ZlZ^a^\Zc7gdlhZgWZgcdbbZc#
!BBILDUNG
Ein Warnfenster mit dem Firefox
!BBILDUNG
Dieselbe Meldung, diesmal im Mac-Browser Safari
=IBA"A^c`h`ccZcVj[JGAhb^iYZc kZghX]^ZYZchiZcEgdid`daaZckZglZ^hZc! hdojb7Z^he^Za]iie/![ie/!cZlh/dYZgbV^aid/#Cjc`dbbiZ^clZ^iZgZhEgdid`daa ]^coj!YVh_ZYdX]aZY^\a^X]^bOjhVbbZc]Vc\b^i?VkVHXg^eiZ^cZ7ZYZjijc\ ]Vi/_VkVhXg^ei/#;da\ZcYZgA^c`\^Wi¼>ck^cX^W^a^in^h^cdcZhZa[!kjacZgVW^a^in^h^c i]ZdeedcZci»^cZ^cZbbdYVaZc;ZchiZgVjh!lZccbVcYVgVj[`a^X`i/
7ZVX]iZcH^ZY^Z6c[]gjc\hoZ^X]Zc#>c?V kVHXg^ei^hiZheg^co^e^ZaaZ\Va!dWH^Z Z^c[VX]ZdYZgYdeeZaiZ6c[]gjc\hoZ^X]ZckZglZcYZcÄ=VjeihVX]Z!H^Z]gZc hdVj[!l^ZH^ZVc\Z[Vc\Zc]VWZc# ;da\ZcYZh^hiVahdkaa^\`dggZ`i/ document.write("The weather means the seasons"); document.write('
Invincibility is in oneself, vulnerability is in the opponent');
*AVA3CRIPTEINBAUEN
;VahX]^hiYV\Z\Zc/ document.write("The weather means the seasons '); document.write('
Invincibility is in oneself, vulnerability is in the opponent");
DWld]abVcb^iYZbEhZjYd"Egdid`daa _VkVhXg^ei/WZfjZb?VkVHXg^ei"7Z[Z]aZ Vj[gj[Zc`Vcc!\^WiZhYdX]Z^cZc`aZ^cZcCVX]iZ^a/7gdlhZg!Y^Z`Z^c?VkVHXg^ei jciZghiioZc!\ZWZcZ^cZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\Vjh#>b[da\ZcYZc6WhX]c^iil^gYY^Z" hZbB^hhhiVcYVW\Z]da[Zc#
%VENT (ANDLER
D]cZVcYZgZc@Ve^iZacVaaojhZ]gkdg\gZ^[ZcojldaaZcÄlZccH^ZWZhi^bbiZ 6`i^dcZcVjh[]gZc!WZ^he^ZahlZ^hZY^ZBVjhWZlZ\ZcdYZgVj[Z^cZcA^c``a^" X`Zc!ig^ii?VkVHXg^ei"^ciZgcZ^chd\ZcVcciZh :gZ^\c^hZc\a# ZkZciZ^c#BVcX]Z Y^ZhZg:gZ^\c^hhZ`ccZcH^Zb^i?VkVHXg^eiVW[Vc\ZcjcYYVgVj[gZV\^ZgZc#9Voj WZci^\ZcH^Z :kZci"=VcYaZg!Y^ZVah6iig^WjiZbVcX]Zg=IBA"IV\h^cYZc =IBA"8dYZZ^c\ZWjcYZclZgYZc#:^cZkdaahi~cY^\Z6j[a^hijc\VaaZgl^X]i^\Zc :kZci"=VcYaZg[^cYZcH^Z^cYZgGZ[ZgZco0YVkdglZgYZcY^Zl^X]i^\hiZc=VcYaZg ^cYZc_ZlZ^a^\Zc@Ve^iZacVc]VcYZ^cZh7Z^he^Zahkdg\ZhiZaai# c YZgEgVm^h`dbbiZhhZ]g]~j[^\kdg!YVhhYZgLZgiZ^cZgKVg^VWaZcjb\ZcVj Z^chZg]]idYZgkZgg^c\ZgilZgYZchdaa0[gY^ZhZc;Vaah^Z]i?VkVHXg^eiZ^cZ 6W`gojc\kdg/
& H^Z]Z7Z^he^Za/,BdYjad)a^Z[Zgi(!lZ^a,WZ^YZg9^k^h^dc YjgX])YZcGZhi(a~hhi#6cVad\ ^hiWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ&&BdYjad)VjX](#
0ROGRAMMIERENMIT*AVA3CRIPT
왘
AnzahlAuflagen++Zg]]iYZcLZgiYZgKVg^VWaZcjbZ^ch#
왘
AnzahlAuflagen--kZgg^c\ZgiYZcLZgiYZgKVg^VWaZcjbZ^chZilV!lZcc
Z^cZ6j[aV\ZZ^c\ZhiVbe[ilZgYZcbhhiZ4# 9^ZDeZgVidgZc++jcY--`ccZcVjX]Y^gZ`ikdgYZbKVg^VWaZccVbZchiZ]Zc# 9ZgJciZghX]^ZYa^Z\i^cYZgGZ^]Zc[da\Z!^cYZgY^ZhZDeZgVi^dc^bKZg\aZ^X]b^i VcYZgZcDeZgVi^dcZcVjh\Z[]gilZgYZchdaa#6b7Z^he^ZaYZhDeZgVidgh ++hdaa YVhZ^cbVaYjgX]ZmZgo^ZgilZgYZc0--kZg]~aih^X]VcVad\# 9Vh:cYZg\ZWc^hYZhHiVcYVadcZ"6jhYgjX`hYZh¼VaaZ^chiZ]ZcYZc»6jhYgjX`h AnzahlAuflagen++;
]Viojc~X]hiYZchZaWZc:[[Z`ic~ba^X]/:g]]jc\jb&l^Z ++AnzahlAuflagen;
:^cZcJciZghX]^ZYhiZaaibVc_ZYdX][Z hi!lZccYZg6jhYgjX`WZ^Z^cZgOjlZ^" hjc\kZglZcYZil^gY/ var AnzahlAuflagen = 10; var Anzahl = ++AnzahlAuflagen; var Anzahl2 = AnzahlAuflagen++;
LZaX]ZcLZgi]ViAnzahl!lZaX]ZcLZgi]ViAnzahl24 9^Zk^ZaaZ^X]iZilVhWZggVhX]ZcYZ6cildgiaVjiZi/ Anzahl]ViYZcLZgi 11! Anzahl2]ViVjX]YZcLZgi11#7ZigVX]iZcH^Zojc~X]hiY^ZolZ^iZOZ^aZ/ var Anzahl = ++AnzahlAuflagen;
9Zg ++"DeZgVidghiZ]ikdgYZbKVg^VWaZccVbZc#9VhWZYZjiZi]^Zg!YVhh ojc~X]hiY^ZhZDeZgVi^dc AnzahlAuflagenjbZ^chZg]]ZcVjh\Z[]gijcY YVccYZgcZjZLZgi11YZgKVg^VWaZcAnzahloj\Zl^ZhZcl^gY# 7Z^YZgYg^iiZcOZ^aZ^hiZh\ZcVjVcYZgh]Zgjb/ var Anzahl2 = AnzahlAuflagen++;
OjZghil^gYYZgKVg^VWaZcAnzahl2YZgV`ijZaaZLZgikdcAnzahlAuflagenoj\Z" l^ZhZc!YVccl^gYYZgLZgikdcAnzahlAuflagenjbZ^chkZg\gZgi# LZccbVcYZcLZgiZ^cZgKVg^VWaZcc^X]ijbZmV`iZ^chZg]]ZcdYZgkZgg^c" \Zgcl^aa!`VccbVch^X]Z^cZgVcYZgZc6W`gojc\WZY^ZcZc#9^ZhZ6W`gojc\ Zm^hi^Zgi[g_ZYZYZgk^ZgciZgcZi :meadgZg)ljgYZccZjZ@dcigdaahigj` ijgZcZ^c\Z[]gi!Y^ZVWZgb^iYZb7Z" [Z]ahhViokdc?VkVHXg^ei%kdaahi~cY^\cVX]\ZW^aYZilZgYZc`ccZc#
&OR 3CHLEIFEN
9^ZhZ6giYZgHX]aZ^[Z[]giZ^cZ6clZ^hjc\Z^cZ^cYZgGZ\ZaWZhi^bbiZ6coV]a kdcBVaZcVjh#9^ZHnciVmh^Z]iYVWZ^[da\ZcYZgbVZcVjh/ for (Initialisierung; Bedingung; Befehlsfolge) { //Anweisungen }
9^Zfor"HX]aZ^[Z]ViYgZ^EVgVbZiZg/ 왘
>c^i^Va^h^Zgjc\/D[ia~j[iWZ^Z^cZgHX]aZ^[ZZ^cZO~]akVg^VWaZb^i!Y^ZY^Z 6coV]aYZgL^ZYZg]dajc\Zco~]ai#9^ZhZKVg^VWaZ`Vcc]^Zg^c^i^Va^h^ZgilZg" YZc#HdaaZcbZ]gZgZKVg^VWaZc^c^i^Va^h^ZgilZgYZc!hdlZgYZcY^ZZ^coZacZc 6clZ^hjc\ZcYjgX]@dbbViVkdcZ^cVcYZg\ZigZcci#
왘
7ZY^c\jc\/9^Z for"HX]aZ^[Zl^gYhdaVc\ZVjh\Z[]gi!W^hY^ZhZ7ZY^c\jc\ c^X]ibZ]gZg[aai^hi#
왘
7Z[Z]ah[da\Z/CVX]_ZYZb9jgX]aVj[YZg6clZ^hjc\Zcl^gYY^ZhZ7Z[Z]ah[da\Z ^cYZgGZ\ZaZ^c7Z[Z]a0bZ]gZgZ7Z[Z]aZlZgYZcYjgX]@dbbViVkdcZ^cVc" YZg\ZigZcciVjh\Z[]gi#LZccY^ZHX]aZ^[Z^g\ZcYlVccZcYZchdaa!hdaaiZc ]^Zg^cYZgGZ\Za7Z[Z]aZVjh\Z[]gilZgYZc!Y^ZcVX]Z^cZgWZhi^bbiZc 6coV]akdc9jgX]a~j[ZcY^Z7ZY^c\jc\YZcolZ^iZcEVgVbZiZgc^X]ibZ]g Zg[aaWVgbVX]Zc#
9^Z\ZhX]lZ^[iZc@aVbbZgcjbYZc 6clZ^hjc\hWadX`h^cYYVccol^c\ZcY! lZccYZg7adX`VjhbZ]gVahZ^cZb7Z[Z]aWZhiZ]i#=VcYZaiZhh^X]jbcjgZ^cZc 7Z[Z]a!hd`VccbVcY^Z\ZhX]lZ^[iZc@aVbbZgclZ\aVhhZc#BVchdaaiZVWZg ojb^cYZhiYZc8dYZZ^cgX`Zc!YVb^iYVhb[da\ZcYZc7Z^he^ZahdaaZc^cZ^cZgOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZVaaZ AhYjgX] BhZghZioilZgYZc#=^ZgWZ^^hiY^ZBZi]dYZ Zeichenkette.indexOf (Teilstring)cioa^X]0Y^ZhZ\^Wic~ba^X]ojgX`!VclZaX]ZgEdh^i^dc^cYZgOZ^" X]Zc`ZiiZYZgIZ^ahig^c\YVhZghiZBVakd g`dbbi#>hiYZgIZ^ahig^c\c^X]i^cYZg OZ^X]Zc`ZiiZZci]VaiZc!l^gY –1ojgX`\Z\ZWZc#9VhZghiZOZ^X]ZchiZ]i!l^Z VjX]hX]dckdg]Zg!VcEdh^i^dc0# 9^ZHnciVmh^Z]il^Z[da\iVjh/ do { //Anweisungsblock } while (Bedingung);
9Zg6clZ^hjc\hWadX`l^gYVjh\Z[]gi!jcYYVccl^gYY^Z7ZY^c\jc\WZgeg[i# >hih^ZZg[aai!l^gYYZg7adX`ZgcZjiVjh\Z[]gijcYYVccl^gYl^ZYZgY^Z7ZY^c" \jc\\Zeg[i0VcYZgc[Vaahl^gYY^ZHX]aZ^[ZkZgaVhhZc# var Zk = "AXAYAZ"; //Zk steht für "Zeichenkette" do { io = Zk.indexOf("A"); Zk = Zk.substring(0, io) + "B" + Zk.substring(io+1, Zk.length); } while (Zk.indexOf("A")>-1);
CVX]YZb9jgX]aVj[Zci]~aiZkYZcLZgiBXBYBZ# 7ZVX]iZcH^Z^chWZhdcYZgZ!YVhhY^ZHX]aZ^[ZVj[_ZYZc;VaaZ^cbVaVjh\Z[]gi l^gY>cbVcX]Zc7Z^he^ZaZc`cciZYVhojjcZglchX]iZc:g\ZWc^hhZc[]gZc# CdX]Z^cLdgiojYZgOjlZ^hjc\/LZccH^ZWZ^Z^cZgOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZzYVhOZ^X]Zc VcYZgHiZaaZ x^cYVhOZ^X]Zc X~cYZgcldaaZcY^ZO~]ajc\WZ\^ccil^Z^bbZg WZ^%!`dbbZcH^Zb^i[da\ZcYZg6clZ^hjc\lZ^iZg/ z = z.substring(0, x) + "X" + z.substring(x+1, z.length);
6aaZOZ^X]ZckdgjcY]^ciZgYZboj~cYZgcYZcOZ^X]ZcWaZ^WZcYjgX]Y^ZWZ^YZc substring()"6clZ^hjc\ZcZg]VaiZc#
0ROGRAMMIERENMIT*AVA3CRIPT
7HILE 3CHLEIFE
HX]dchZ^i?VkVHXg^eiKZgh^dc%\^WiZh Z^cZlZ^iZgZ;dgbYZgHX]aZ^[Zc!jcY olVg while"HX]aZ^[Zcd]cZ do#9^ZHnciVm^hiYZgkdc do-while-HX]aZ^[ZchZ]g ~]ca^X]!YZgJciZghX]^ZYhiZX`i^b9ZiV^a/ while (Bedingung) { //Anweisungsblock }
9^Z7ZY^c\jc\l^gY]^ZgkdgYZb9jgX]aVj[ZcYZh6clZ^hjc\hWadX`hWZgeg[i# >b7Z^he^ZakdcdWZc!WZ^YZg:ghZiojc\VaaZgAhYjgX]Bh!^hiYVhhZ]gcioa^X]!YV ]^ZgYZg6clZ^hjc\hWadX`c^X]iVjh\Z[]gil^gY!lZccY^ZOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZkdc 6c[Vc\Vc`Z^cZAhZci]~ai/ var Zk = "AXAYAZ" //Zk steht für "Zeichenkette" while (Zk.indexOf("A")>-1) { io = Zk.indexOf("A") Zk = Zk.substring(0, io) + "B" + Zk.substring(io+1, Zk.length) }
&OR IN 3CHLEIFE
9^ZhZHX]aZ^[Zl^gYgZX]ihZaiZckZglZcYZi!jcYVcY^ZhZgHiZaaZ[Z]ai>]cZccdX] YVh]cZcZ^cZVjhgZ^X]ZcYZ:g`a~gjc\\ZWZcoj `ccZc#Eg^co^e^ZaahZ^\ZhV\i!YVhhbVcb^iYZgHX]aZ^[ZYjgX]VaaZ:^\ZchX]V[iZc Z^cZhDW_Z`ihjcYVaaZ:aZbZciZZ^cZgKVg^VWaZchVbbajc\Z^cZh6ggVnh!YVoj he~iZgbZ]gaVj[Zc`Vcc#9^Z[da\ZcYZHX]aZ^[Z\^WiYVh name"6iig^WjiVaaZg:aZ" bZciZZ^cZh;dgbjaVghl^ZYZg#He~iZhiZch^c@Ve^iZa&'lZgYZcH^ZY^ZhZc8dYZ kZghiZ]Zc0kdgZghiVWZgbhhZcH^Zb^gaZ^YZgWa^cYkZgigVjZc#9^Zfor-in"HX]aZ^" [ZclZgYZcd]cZ]^chZ]ghZaiZcZ^c\ZhZioi# for (e in document.forms[0].elements) { document.write(document.forms[0].elements[e].name + "
") }
3CHLEIFENSTEUERUNG
:^cZHX]aZ^[Zbjhhc^X]ijcWZY^c\ihd d[iYjgX]aVj[ZclZgYZc!l^Zkdg\ZhZ]Zc ^hi#6c\ZcdbbZc!^cZ^cZgHX]aZ^[Zl^gYZ^cZOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZVj[YVhKdg]Vc" indexOf()hZ]g YZchZ^cZ^cZhWZhi^bbiZcOZ^X]ZchWZgeg[iYVh\Z]ib^i hX]cZaa!VWZgYVgVj[\Z]Z^X]VcY^ZhZgHiZaaZc^X]iZ^c#HdWVaYYVhOZ^X]Zc\Z[jc" YZcldgYZc^hi!bjhhY^ZHX]aZ^[Zc^X]ijcWZY^c\ilZ^iZgVjh\Z[]gilZgYZc! YZccYVh:g\ZWc^h¼9VhOZ^X]Zc^hi^cYZgOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZZci]VaiZc»hiZ]i_V_Zioi
+ONTROLLSTRUKTUREN&ALLUNTERSCHEIDUNG
hX]dc[Zhi#6jhY^ZhZb]gbdbZciVcZhL^hhZccdX]c^X]iVjhgZ^X]i!jb ]^ZgZ^ch^cckdaaZh7Z^he^ZaVcoj\ZWZc#6b:cYZYZh@Ve^iZahlZgYZcH^ZVWZg^c YZgAV\ZhZ^c!Y^Z7Z[Z]aZbreakjcYcontinueZ^cojhZioZc#
+ONTROLLSTRUKTUREN&ALLUNTERSCHEIDUNG
:^cZhYZg=VjeiZaZbZciZVaaZg?VkVHXg^ei"Egd\gVbbZ^hiY^Z;VaajciZghX]Z^Yjc\# HX]dc^bkdg^\Zc@Ve^iZa]VWZcH^Z\ZhZ]Zc!YVhhbVcb^iYZcWZgZ^ihkdg\ZhiZaa" iZcB^iiZachX]cZaaVchZ^cZhiY^Z7ZY^c\jc\Zg[aai!l^gYYZgZghiZ6clZ^hjc\hWadX`Vjh\Z[]gi0[Vaahc^X]i! l^gYYZgolZ^iZ6clZ^hjc\hWadX`Vjh\Z[]gi#9Zgelse"IZ^a^hi]^Zgdei^dcVa!jcY l^ZYZg`ccZcY^Z\ZhX]lZ^[iZc@aVbbZgclZ\\ZaVhhZclZgYZc!lZccYZg 6clZ^hjc\hWadX`Vjh\ZcVjZ^cZg6clZ^hjc\WZhiZ]i# LZccYZgZghiZ6clZ^hjc\hWadX``Z^cZ\ZhX]lZ^[iZc@aVbbZgcZci]~aijcYYVh else^cYZghZaWZcOZ^aZhiZ]i!bjhhY^Z6clZ^hjc\b^iZ^cZbHZb^`dadcWZZcYZi
lZgYZc#;VahX]^hiVahd/ if (a==5) b=6 else c=7
G^X]i^\^hiYV\Z\Zc/ if (a==5) b=6; else c=7
6blZc^\hiZcEgdWaZbZ]VWZcH^Z[gZ^a^X]!lZccH^Zeg^co^e^Zaa_ZYZ6clZ^hjc\ YjgX]Z^cHZb^`dadcVWhX]a^ZZc# 7Z^Z^cZgif"6clZ^hjc\^hiY^ZhiY^Z7ZY^c\jc\Zg[aai!^]gLZgiVahd true!hdl^gY Wert1ojgX`\Z\ZWZc! VchdchiZc Wert2#BZ^hiZchl^gYY^ZhZHX]gZ^Wl Z^hZWZ^Z^cZgKVg^VWaZcojlZ^" hjc\kZglZcYZi!Vahd^cYZg;dgb/ var Figur = (Essen=="Honig") ? "Pooh" : "Tigger";
:h\^Wihdb^iZ^cZlZ^iZgZB\a^X]`Z^i!^cZ^cZgOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZVaaZ AYjgX] Boj ZghZioZc!^cYZbVaaZOZ^X]ZcWZgeg[ijcY\Z\ZWZcZc[VaahZghZioilZgYZc#6jX] ]^Zg\^WiZhbZ]gZgZB\a^X]`Z^iZc! jbYVhccZg" ]VaWYZggjcYZc@aVbbZgc\ZWZcH^Zojc~X]hiY^ZOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZ!cVX]YZg \ZhjX]ilZgYZchdaa!jcYYVccY^Z:ghViooZ^X]Zc`ZiiZVc#9Vhh^Z]iYVcchdVjh/ var Zk = "AXAYAZ"; //Zk steht für "Zeichenkette" Zk.replace("A", "B");
B^i;VaajciZghX]Z^Yjc\Zc]ViYVh[gZ^a^X] lZc^\ojijc!lZhlZ\Zc^X]Y^ZhZc `aZ^cZc:m`jghVjX]hd[dgil^ZYZgWZZcYZ#
3WITCH !NWEISUNG
9^Z6j[\VWZchiZaajc\`a^c\iZ^c[VX]/>c Z^cZgKVg^VWaZchiZ]iY^ZCjbbZgZ^cZh BdcVih#9VhEgd\gVbbhdaaYZcCVbZcYZhBdcVihVjh\ZWZc#B^iif"6clZ^hjc" \Zc`VccYVhbkdga^Z\ZcYZc;Vaal~gZY^ZBZaYjc\Wg^\Zch/
window.gibtsnicht has no
properties#
9ZgLZgiY^ZhZg:mXZei^dc`VccVjX]\ZhZioilZgYZc#?VkVHXg^eijciZghiioi]^Zg YVhHeZo^Va`dchigj`i throw!YVhZ^cZhZaWhi`gZ^ZgiZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\VjhhejX`i# 9^ZHnciVm^hiZilVh\Zl]cjc\hWZYg[i^\#:h\^Wi`Z^cZ@aVbbZgc!aZY^\a^X] AZZgoZ^X]Zc/ try { throw "Meine eigene Fehlermeldung"; } catch (ex) { window.alert(ex); }
9Vh@dchigj`i try½catchljgYZ^c?VkVHXg^ei*Z^c\Z[]gi!l^gYVWZgkdc VaaZcbdYZgcZc7gdlhZgcjciZghiioi#
$ATENSPEICHERUNG
LZccbVck^ZaZKVg^VWaZcWgVjX]idYZg c^X]i\ZcVjlZ^!l^Zk^ZaZKVg^VWaZc bVcWZci^\i!^hiYVh@dcoZeiYZgHiVcYVgYkVg^VWaZcc^X]i[aZm^WZa\Zcj\#7Z^" he^ZahlZ^hZhdaaiZbVch^X]WZ^YZg7ZcZccjc\YZgKVg^VWaZchX]dckdg]ZgZ^c @dcoZeiojgZX]iaZ\Zc!jbZ[[^o^ZciVj[Y^ZKVg^VWaZcojoj\gZ^[Zc#>cY^ZhZb
0ROGRAMMIERENMIT*AVA3CRIPT
6WhX]c^iilZgYZcolZ^B\a^X]`Z^iZckdg\ZhiZaai!jbbZ]gZgZKVg^VWaZcojheZ^" X]Zgc#
$IEEVAL &UNKTION
L^ZYZgZ^cbVahdaaZcY^ZBdcVihcVbZc\ZheZ^X]ZgilZgYZc#6c]VcYYZgCjb" bZgYZhBdcVihhdaaVj[YZcBdcVihcVbZcoj\Z\g^[[ZclZgYZc#9ZgKVg^VWaZc" cVbZhZioih^X]VjhYZbLdgi¼BdcVi»jcYYZgOV]aojhVbbZc#9^ZKVg^VWaZc" YZ`aVgVi^dch^Z]iVahd[da\ZcYZgbVZcVjh/ var var var var var var var var var var var var
monat1 = "Januar"; monat2 = "Februar"; monat3 = "März"; monat4 = "April"; monat5 = "Mai"; monat6 = "Juni"; monat7 = "Juli"; monat8 = "August"; monat9 = "September"; monat10 = "Oktober"; monat11 = "November"; monat12 = "Dezember";
9^Z;gV\ZaVjiZicjc/LZccWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ^cZ^cZgKVg^VWaZcY^ZBdcVihcjb" bZgkdga^Z\i!l^ZZg]~aibVcYVccYVgVjhYZcBdcVihcVbZc4CViga^X]`Vcc bVcZ^cZGZ^]Zkdc if"6clZ^hjc\ZcdYZgY^Z switch"6clZ^hjc\kZglZcYZc# HX]cl~gZZh_ZYdX]!lZccbVcY^ gZ`iYZcKVg^VWaZccVbZckZglZcYZc `cciZ#;da\ZcYZg8dYZ[jc`i^dc^ZgicViga^X]c^X]il^ZWZVWh^X]i^\i/ document.write("monat" + m);
>cYZg?VkVHXg^ei"KVg^VWaZc mhiZ]iY^ZBdcVihcjbbZg!VWZgdW^\ZOZ^aZlgYZ Y^ZOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZ"Monat"!kZg`ZiiZib^iYZgBdcVihcjbbZg!Vjh\ZWZc!VahdYZc CVbZcYZgKVg^VWaZcZilV "monat3"^bB~go!c^X]iY^ZKVg^VWaZhZaWhi#?VkV" HXg^eiW^ZiZiZ^cZWZhdcYZgZ;jc`i^dc!Y^ZZhZgb\a^X]i!8dYZVjhoj[]gZc!YZg VahOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZkdga^Z\i#9^ZhZ;jc`i^dc]Z^i eval()#6ahEVgVbZiZgl^gYZ^cZ OZ^X]Zc`ZiiZWZg\ZWZc!jcY eval()[]giYZc?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZVjh!YZg^cYZg OZ^X]Zc`ZiiZhiZ]i#9Zg[da\ZcYZ6j[gj[ \^WiYZcLZgiYZgKVg^VWaZcojgX`! c^X]i^]gZcCVbZc/ eval("monat" + m);
L^aabVcVahdYZcBdcVihcVbZcVj[YZ b7^aYhX]^gbVjh\ZWZc!`VccbVc[da" \ZcYZOZ^aZkZglZcYZc/ document.write(eval("monat" + m));
$ATENSPEICHERUNG
6aiZgcVi^kYVoj`VccYZg document.write()"7Z[Z]aVjX]^ccZg]VaWYZg eval()" @aVbbZgc\ZhX]g^ZWZclZgYZc/ eval("document.write(monat" + m + ")");
HiZ]i^cYZgKVg^VWaZc mWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZYZgLZgi 3!hdlgYZYZg eval()"7Z[Z]a cVX]YZb:^chZioZcYZgKVg^VWaZc[da\ZcYZgbVZcVjhhZ]Zc/ eval("document.write(monat3)");
JcYYVh^hi\ZcVjYVh!lVhl^gZggZ^X]ZcldaaiZc/9ZgLZgiYZgKVg^VWaZc monat3 hdaaVjh\Z\ZWZclZgYZc# LZcc^cYZg6clZ^hjc\!Y^ZVahEVgVbZiZgVc eval()WZg\ZWZcl^gY!6c[]" gjc\hoZ^X]Zckdg`dbbZc!bhhZcH^ZY^Z]Zg`bba^X]ZcGZ\ZacWZVX]iZc!Vahd ZcilZYZgVcYZgZ6c[]gjc\hoZ^X]ZckZglZcYZcdYZg6c[]gjc\hoZ^X]Zcb^i Z^cZb7VX`haVh]ZcilZgiZc#D[i^hiZh_ZYdX]h^cckdaa!YZc6j[gj[kdc eval() b\a^X]hilZ^i^ccZcojeaVio^ZgZc# document.write("Der Monatsname lautet "+eval("monat" + m));
!RRAYS
9^ZdW^\ZKdg\Z]ZchlZ^hZ[jc`i^dc^Zgi olVgiVYZaadh!^hiVWZg`dbea^o^Zgi!jcY VjX]]^ZglZgYZcY^Z7Z[Z]aZhX]cZaa jcWZgh^X]ia^X]#>cYZgEgVm^hlZgYZc ojbZ^hihd\ZcVcciZ6ggVnhkZglZcYZi#9Vhh^cYKVg^VWaZcXdciV^cZg!Y^ZbZ]gZgZ KVg^VWaZcZci]VaiZc`ccZc#6j[Z^cZZ^coZacZKVg^VWaZ^b8dciV^cZg\gZ^[ibVc WZgYZcKVg^VWaZccVbZcjcYZ^cZCjbbZgoj#9^ZCjbbZgcZccibVcVjX] >cYZm#HiVcYVgYb~^\l^gYZ^c6ggVn^c?VkVHXg^ei[da\ZcYZgbVZcYZ[^c^Zgi/ var a = new Array(); a[1] = "Januar"; a[2] = "Februar"; //usw.
B^iYZgZghiZcOZ^aZ!vara=newArray()!l^gYZ^cZ6ggVn"KVg^VWaZYZ`aVg^Zgi#H^Z `ccZcVjX]EVgVbZiZgVc\ZWZc/ 왘
B^iZ^cZbEVgVbZiZg\ZWZcH^ZVc!l^Zk^ZaZ6ggVn":aZbZciZojc~X]hikdg\Z" hZ]Zch^cY#?VkVHXg^eiZgaVjWiZhVWZg!6ggVnh_ZcVX]7ZYVg[`aZ^cZgdYZg\g" ZgojbVX]Zc#
왘
B^ibZ]gZgZcEVgVbZiZgc\ZWZcH^ZLZgiZVc!Y^ZhiVcYVgYb~^\^b6ggVn a^Z\ZchdaaZc/vara=newArray("Januar","Februar","März");
9Zg>cYZm!WZgYZcVj[Z^c6ggVn":aZbZc ioj\Z\g^[[Zcl^gY!hiZ]i^cZX`^\Zc @aVbbZgc#?VkVHXg^ei"6ggVnhWZ\^ccZc!l^Z^ck^ZaZcVcYZgZcEgd\gVbb^ZghegV"
0ROGRAMMIERENMIT*AVA3CRIPT
X]ZcjcY^c?VkVWg^\ZchVjX]!b^i %#B^idW^\Zb6j[gj[lgYZVahd a[2]Vj[ März\ZhZioi#H^ZbhhiZcY^Z6clZ^hjc\[da\ZcYZgbVZcbdY^[^o^ZgZc!YVb^i a[3]YZcLZgi"März"Zci]~ai/ var a = new Array("", "Januar", "Februar", "März");
:^cZ\VcoWZhdcYZgZ@jgo[dgb[g6ggVnh\^WiZhVjX]/ZX`^\Z@aVbbZgc/ var a = ["Januar", "Februar", "März"];
H^Z\ZWZcVahdcjgY^ZZX`^\Zc@aVbbZgcjcYY^ZLZgiZVcÄYVhheVgi^bbZg]^c Z^ceVVgOZ^X]Zc#>c@Ve^iZa&,lZgYZc H^ZY^ZhZ@jgo[dgbjciZgYZbCVbZc ?HDCl^ZYZg[^cYZc#
&UNKTIONEN
>cY^ZhZb@Ve^iZal^gYdocument.write()o^Zba^X]d[iZ^c\ZhZioi#D[iZci]~aiY^Z Vjhoj\ZWZcYZOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZcdX]=IBA"IV\h#7Z^bVcX]ZcYVkdcZilV
Tagesdatum Guten Tag, heute ist der
!
LZccH^Zh^X]WZgY^Z6jh\VWZYZhH`g^eihZilVhljcYZgc^c=^cWa^X`Vj[Y^Z ?V]gZhoV]a!YVccaZhZcH^ZlZ^iZg
9+
6jX]?VkVHXg^eilVgkdcYZbaZ\ZcY~gZc?V]g"'%%%"N'@"EgdWaZbWZigd[[Zc! VaaZgY^c\h^hiYVh]^Zgc^X]ihdhX]a^bbl^Z^clZ^iZcIZ^aZcYZgL^gihX]V[i#Egd" WaZbZWZgZ^iZcYVWZ^cViga^X]l^ZYZg7gdlhZgkdcVccdIdWV`#9^Z@gjma^Z\i ^cYZgBZi]dYZgetYear()#?ZcVX]7gdlhZglZgYZcbVcX]Z?V]gZVcYZgh^ciZg" egZi^Zgi#9^Z[da\ZcYZIVWZaaZoZ^\iVj[!lZaX]ZGX`\VWZlZgiZY^ZkZghX]^ZYZcZc ?VkVHXg^ei"KZgh^dcZcWZ^YZc_ZlZ^a^\ZcOZ^ig~jbZckdghX]gZ^WZc#9VWZ^WZYZj" iZi¼kdaaZ?V]gZhoV]a»Z^cZk^ZghiZaa^\Z ?V]gZhoV]aVjZgcViga^X]WZ^?V]gZh" oV]aZckdg&%%%0¼`jgoZ?V]gZhoV]a»WZYZjiZiZ^cZolZ^hiZaa^\Z?V]gZhoV]a^b '%# ?V]g]jcYZgi!VahdZilV¼..»hiVii¼&...»# :EITRAUM
*3
*3
*3UNDHÎHER
–1970
Nicht unterstützt
Volle Jahreszahl
Jahreszahl minus 1900 (1800 wird durch –100 dargestellt)
1970..1999 Jahreszahl minus 1900 Kurze Jahreszahl
Jahreszahl minus 1900
³2000
Jahreszahl minus 1900
4ABELLE
Jahreszahl minus 1900 Volle Jahreszahl
Die Behandlung von Jahreszahlen in den verschiedenen JavaScript-Versionen
>cYZgEgVm^h^hiYVhc^X]ik^ZalZgi!lZ^aWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZYZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZg*$+ h^X]c^X]iVcY^ZKdg\VWZc]~aijcY^b?V]g'%%'Vah?V]gZhoV]aVjX]iVih~X]a^X] '%%'ojgX`\^WijcYc^X]iZilV&%'#9^Zkdg]Zg^\ZIVWZaaZl^g`iojYZbZilVh Z^chX]X]iZgcY#>hiZhZilVci^\!b]hVbZ^cZ;VaajciZghX]Z^Yjc\cVX]?VkV" HXg^ei"KZgh^dcZcYjgX]oj[]gZc4
$ATUM
>cYZgEgVm^h\^WiZh\aX`a^X]ZglZ^hZ Z^cZcgZaVi^kZ^c[VX]Zc6jhlZ\#zWa^X]Zg" lZ^hZa^Z\ZcVaaZkZglZcYZiZc9ViZc ^b7ZgZ^X]kdc&.,%W^h^ch'?V]g]jc" YZgi]^cZ^c#:^cZ?V]gZhoV]a`aZ^cZgVa h'%%^hiVahdjb&.%%ojc^ZYg^\0VcYZgZ ?V]gZhoV]aZch^cYÄcZ]bZcl^gZ^c[VX]Z^cbVaVcÄ`dggZ`i#BVc`VccVahdZ^cZ ;jc`i^dchX]gZ^WZc!Y^ZYVhN'@"h^X]ZgZ?V]gojgX`\^Wi/ function getYearY2K(d) { var y = d.getYear(); if (y < 200) { return y + 1900; } else { return y; } }
6W?VkVHXg^ei(Vahd^cVaaZcV`ijZaaZc7gdlhZgc\^WiZhZ^cZBZi]dYZ getFullYear()!Y^Z\gjcYh~ioa^X]`Z^ckZg`goiZh9VijbojgX`\^Wi!hdcYZgc hiZihY^ZkdaaZ?V]gZhoV]a#6aaZ7gdlhZg! Y^Z]ZjiZZ^cZbZhhWVgZKZgWgZ^ijc\ ]VWZc!hdaaiZcY^ZhZBZi]dYZjciZghiioZc #:^cZ6aiZgcVi^kZWZhiZ]iYVg^c!Z^c Z^\ZcZh9VijbhdW_Z`iojhX]gZ^WZc0YVhci^\ZGhilZg`oZj\WZ`dbbZcH^Z^c @Ve^iZa&
-IT$ATENRECHNEN
>c?VkVHXg^eiKZgh^dc%ljgYZc9VijbhlZgiZ^ciZgcVahY^Z6coV]aYZghZ^iYZb ?VcjVg&.,%kZghig^X]ZcZcB^aa^hZ`jcYZc\ZheZ^X]Zgi#9^ZhZVj[YZcZghiZc 7a^X`bZg`lgY^\VcbjiZcYZKdg\Z]ZchlZ^hZW^ZiZiZ^cZc\gdZcKdgiZ^a/ 9VYjgX]lZgYZcGZX]ZcdeZgVi^dcZcZgb\a^X]i!Y^ZVchdchiZccjghZ]ghX]lZg jcY`dbea^o^Zgioj^beaZbZci^ZgZc\ZlZhZcl~gZc# 9^Z=VjeiVclZcYjc\^hi]^ZgY^Z7ZgZ X]cjc\YZg9^[[ZgZcoolZ^Zg9Vijbh" lZgiZ#L^Zk^ZaZIV\ZdYZgHijcYZcYVjZgiZhcdX]W^hojb'%&'4L^Zk^ZaZ IV\ZW^c^X]Vai4Jbl^Zk^ZaZHijcYZ c^hibZ^c7gjYZg$bZ^cZHX]lZhiZg$bZ^c =jcY~aiZgWol#_c\Zg4 H^ZcjioZcYVojY^ZBZi]dYZ getTime()jcY\VcolZc^\BVi]ZbVi^`#9^Z BZi]dYZgetTime()\^WiY^ZOZ^i^cYZg9VijbhkVg^VWaZc^b;dgbVi¼B^aa^hZ`jc" YZchZ^iYZb&.,%»ojgX`#LZccolZ^9VijbhkVg^VWaZckdga^Z\Zc!YZgZc oZ^ia^X]Z9^[[ZgZcoWZgZX]cZilZgYZcbjhh!hd`VccYZgB^aa^hZ`jcYZclZgiWZ^" YZgKVg^VWaZckdcZ^cVcYZgVW\Zod\ZclZgYZc!jcYbVc]ViYVh:g\ZWc^h#9^ZhZh a^Z\iYVccolVg^cB^aa^hZ`jcYZckdg!VWZgY^ZJbgZX]cjc\^c]VcYa^X]ZgZ LZgiZ^higZX]iZ^c[VX]#:^cZ9^k^h^dcYjgX]&%%%Zg\^WiHZ`jcYZcZ^cZHZ`jcYZ
-IT$ATENRECHNEN
YVjZgi&%%%B^aa^hZ`jcYZc0YjgX]&%%%+%Zg\^WiY^ZB^cjiZcVcVad\/+% HZ`jcYZch^cYZ^cZB^cjiZjcY hd[dgi#9^Z9^k^h^dcYjgX]&%%%+%+%') \^WiY^ZOZ^i^cIV\ZcVc# CdX]l^hhZcH^Zc^X]i!l^ZbVc7ZcjioZgZ^c\VWZcb^i?VkVHXg^eiVW[~c\i0Vjh Y^ZhZbciZgcZi :meadgZgh^X]^bbZgcdX]VcY^Z?VkVHXg^ei"6chiZjZgjc\hZ^cZgKdg\~c\ZgkZg" h^dcZc]~ai!WZY^ZcZch^X]V`ijZaaZBd o^aaV"7gdlhZgjcYY^ZbZ^hiZcVcYZgZc C^X]i"B^Xgdhd[i"7gdlhZgVjX]`g~[i^\Vc YZbVaiZcCZihXVeZ#L^gbhhZcVahd VcY^ZhZgHiZaaZaZ^YZgZ^cZJciZghX]Z^Yjc\ol^hX]ZcYZckZghX]^ZYZcZc7gdl" hZgineZcigZ[[Zc#LZccl^gVahd^b; da\ZcYZckdcCZihXVeZh:gZ^\c^hWZ]VcY" ajc\hegZX]Zc!\^aiY^ZhZ]ZjiZVjX][g[V hiVaaZbdYZgcZc7gdlhZgÄVjZg[g YZc>ciZgcZi:meadgZg!YZg\ZhdcYZgiWZ]VcYZail^gY# >baZioiZc6WhX]c^iiY^ZhZh@Ve^iZahlZgYZcYVccbdYZgcZKZg[V]gZcojg:gZ^\" c^hWZ]VcYajc\Vj[\ZoZ^\i!jcYH^ZZg[V]gZc!l^ZH^Z>]gZ6W[gV\Zc[gWZ^YZ 7gdlhZgineZc[jc`i^dch[~]^\bVX]Zc`ccZc#H^ZV]cZcZh/6jX]]^Zg^hil^ZYZg Z^cZJciZghX]Z^Yjc\cdilZcY^\#
%VENTS¸LA.ETSCAPEUND-OZILLA#O
>b;da\ZcYZcl^gYÄYZg:^c[VX]]Z^i]VaWZgÄVj[:gZ^\c^hhZb^ib\a^X]hih^be" aZc6`i^dcZcgZV\^Zgi!^bCdgbVa[Vaab^i window.alert()#9Vh]ViYZcKdgiZ^a! YVhhbVcWZ^Y^ZhZbcZjZcHid[[c^X]i YZczWZgWa^X`^ccZg]VaWZ^cZha~c\ZgZc! Vjh[]ga^X]ZgZc7Z^he^ZahkZga^Zgi!hdcYZgch^X]Vj[YVhLZhZcia^X]Z`dcoZcig^Z" gZc`Vcc#
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
9^ZW^h]Zg^\ZBZi]dYZ!Vj[Z^c:gZ^\c^h ojgZV\^ZgZc!WZhiVcYYVg^c!Z^cZc =IBA":kZci"=VcYaZgYZbZcihegZX]ZcYojhZioZc/
Events
Events mit Netscape
%REIGNISSE
>c?VkVHXg^eiKZgh^dc'ljgYZccZjZ:gZ^\c^hhZjcYYVoj\Z]g^\Z:kZci"=VcY" aZgZ^c\Z[]gi#9^ZhZWZigZ[[ZcBVjh"jcYIVhiVijgZ^c\VWZc# 7Z^Z^cZbBVjh`a^X`igVi^cYZc~aiZgZcKZgh^dcZccVX]YZb9gX`ZcjcYAdh" aVhhZcYZgBVjhiVhiZYVh:gZ^\c^h clickZ^c!jcYYVcc`dcciZb^iYZb:kZci" =VcYaZgonclickgZV\^ZgilZgYZc#6WCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidg)#%ljgYZY^ZhZhKZg" [V]gZcZilVhkZg[Z^cZgi#:h\^WiY^Zojh~ioa^X] Zc:gZ^\c^hhZ mousedownjcY mouseup!Y^ZZ^cigZiZc!lZccY^ZBVjhiVhiZ\ZYgX`igZheZ`i^kZl^ZYZgadh\ZaVh" hZcl^gY#:^cBVjh`a^X`a~hhiVahdYgZ^:gZ^\c^hhZ]^ciZgZ^cVcYZgZ^cigZiZc!jcY olVg^cY^ZhZgGZ^]Zc[da\Z/ 왘
mousedown
왘
mouseup
왘
click
6b[da\ZcYZc7Z^he^Za`ccZcH^ZY^ZGZ^]Zc[da\ZVjhegdW^ZgZc#@a^X`ZcH^ZVj[ Y^Z;dgbjaVg"HX]Vai[a~X]Z!jcYWZdWVX]iZcH^Z!l^Zh^X]Y^ZHiVijhoZ^aZkZg~c" YZgi!&lZccH^ZY^ZHX]Vai[a~X]ZVc`a^X`ZcjcYYVccY^ZBVjhiVhiZl^ZYZgadhaVh" hZc#L^ghZioZcYVojY^Z:^\ZchX]V[i window.status#>cV`ijZaaZc;^gZ[dm"KZg" h^dcZc^hi_ZYdX]YVhzWZghX]gZ^WZcYZg HiVijhaZ^hiZhiVcYVgYb~^\jciZghV\i# JciZg:migVh폷:^chiZaajc\Zc폷?VkVHXg^eiV`i^k^ZgZc폷:glZ^iZgi폷HiVijhaZ^h" iZciZmi~cYZgc`ccZcH^ZYVh_ZYdX]ZgaVjWZc# & LVgjb]VWZcl^gld]aY^ZHiVijhoZ^aZojg6jh\VWZkZglZcYZijcYc^X]iZ^c6aZgi";ZchiZg4
%VENTS¸LA.ETSCAPEUND-OZILLA#O
Neue Mausereignisse
Neue Mausereignisse
!BBILDUNG
Die Mausereignisse
:^clZ^iZgZhcZjZh:gZ^\c^h^hidblclick!YVhZ^cZc9deeZa`a^X`YVghiZaai#CZj^hi VjX]YVh:gZ^\c^hmousemove!YVhY^Z7ZlZ\jc\ZcYZgBVjhZg[Vhhi#L^glZgYZc he~iZgYVgVj[ojgX``dbbZc# 6jX]IVhiVijgZ^c\VWZc`ccZcVW\Z[Vc\ZclZgYZc0YVojZg[V]gZcH^Z^c 6WhX]c^ii.#,!¼IVhiVijgZ^c\VWZc»!bZ]g#
%REIGNISSEALS/BJEKTEIGENSCHAFTEN
:kZci"=VcYaZg`ccZcVjX]d]cZ=IBA "BVg`jeWZhZioilZgYZc#@dbbZcl^g ojYZb8dYZkdb6c[Vc\YZh@Ve^iZahojgX`/
9^Zh`VccVjX][da\ZcYZgbVZcVjh\ZYgX`ilZgYZc/ window.onload = hamlet;
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
=^ZgWZ^h^cYolZ^9^c\ZWZbZg`ZchlZgi#OjbZ^cZc[Z]aZcY^Z@aVbbZgc]^ciZg hamlet0YVha^Z\iYVgVc!YVhh`Z^c;jc`i^ dchVj[gj[Vc\Z\ZWZclZgYZcYVg[!hdc" YZgcZ^cZ;jc`i^dchgZ[ZgZco!VahdZ^c;jc`i^dchcVbZd]cZ@aVbbZgc!Vc\Z\Z" WZcl^gY#OjbVcYZgZcZg[da\iY^ZOjlZ^hjc\VcYZgh/9V WZ^bAVYZcYZh;ZchiZghVjh\Z[]gil^gY!bjhhY^Z onload":^\ZchX]V[iYZh window"DW_Z`ih\ZhZioilZgYZc# 9jgX]Y^ZhZhKdg\Z]Zc\Zl^ccibVcVc ;aZm^W^a^i~i!YVbVcYZc:kZci"=VcYaZg Vc_ZYZgHiZaaZ^b9d`jbZcihZioZc`V cc#:WZchd`VccÄlZccZhY^Z6eea^`V" i^dcZg[dgYZgiÄYZg:kZci"=VcYaZg\ZahX]ilZgYZc/ window.onload = null;
>cY^ZhZb;Vaa^hiYVhcViga^X]Z]Zgjch^cc^\!YVYVh:gZ^\c^h loadd]cZ]^ccjg Z^cbVaVj[ig^ii!WZ^bAVYZcYZgHZ^iZc~ba^X]# 9VhdWZcVc\Z[]giZ7Z^he^Zab^iYZ ccZjZcBVjhZgZ^\c^hhZc`Vccl^Z[da\i ~fj^kVaZcijb\ZhX]g^ZWZclZgYZc/
Neue Mausereignisse
Neue Mausereignisse
%VENTS¸LA.ETSCAPEUND-OZILLA#O
:h^hi]^ZgWZ^hZ]gl^X]i^\!YVhhY^Z;jc`i^dc init()ZghiWZ^b:^cigZiZcYZh load":gZ^\c^hhZhVj[\Zgj[Zcl^gY#9Vh9d`jbZcibjhhkdaahi~cY^\\ZaVYZcldg" YZchZ^c!YZccYVkdgZm^hi^ZgiY^ZHX]Vai[a~X]ZcdX]c^X]i!^]g`ccZcVahdVjX] `Z^cZ:^\ZchX]V[iZc\Z\ZWZclZgYZc# B^iVcdcnbZc;jc`i^dcZc`ccZcH^ZZ^clZc^\I^eeVgWZ^iZ^cheVgZc#7Z^bHZi" oZckdcwindow.onloaddYZgZ^cZgVcYZgZc:gZ^\c^h":^\ZchX]V[i\ZWZcH^ZZ^c" [VX]YZc;jc`i^dchXdYZVc!d]cZZmigVZ^cZWZcVcciZ;jc`i^dcYZ[^c^ZgZcoj bhhZc/
Neue Mausereignisse
Neue Mausereignisse
%REIGNISSEABFANGEN
L^ZdWZcojhZ]Zc^hi!h^cYZ^c:gZ^\c ^hjcYZ^c:kZci"=VcYaZg^bbZgZ^cZb WZhi^bbiZc:aZbZcioj\Zl^ZhZc#9^Z;jc`i^dc init()^hiYZb onload":kZci" =VcYaZgYZh;ZchiZghoj\Zl^ZhZc!Y^Z VcYZgZc;jc`i^dcZcYZcbVjhWZod\ZcZc :kZci"=VcYaZgcYZgWZhi^bbiZcHX]Vai[a~X]Z#GZ^ci]ZdgZi^hX]`VccZhVWZg\Vco \ZhX]^X`ihZ^c!lZccc^X]iY^ZHX]Vai[a~X]ZY^Z6WVgWZ^ijc\YZh:gZ^\c^hhZhWZg" c^bbi!hdcYZgck^ZaaZ^X]iYVh;ZchiZg!YV hYVh¼DWZgdW_Z`i»YZgHX]Vai[a~X]Z^hi Y^ZHX]Vai[a~X]Z`VccVah window.document.forms[0].elements[0]Vc\Zhegd"
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
X]ZclZgYZc#9Voj\^WiZhY^ZBZi]dYZ captureEvents()!b^iYZgbVc[ZhiaZ" \Zc`Vcc!YVhhWZhi^bbiZDW_Z`iZ:gZ^\c^hhZVW[Vc\Zc!Y^Z^cYZgZcJciZgdW_Z`" iZcVj[igZiZc#6ahEVgVbZiZglZgYZcY^ZojWZglVX]ZcYZc:gZ^\c^hhZ WZg\ZWZc#B^iYZb[da\ZcYZc7Z[Z]a[~c\iYVhDW_Z`i windowVaaZ click":gZ^\" c^hhZ^chZ^cZcJciZgdW_Z`iZcVW/ window.captureEvents(Event.CLICK);
=^ZgWZ^WZoZ^X]cZiEvent.CLICKYVhclick":gZ^\c^h#9^ZHX]gZ^WlZ^hZ^chWZhdc" YZgZ!YVhhYVh:gZ^\c^h`dbeaZii^ccY^ZhZb;Vaal^gY_ZYdX]YVh :gZ^\c^hhZaWhi!Z^cZ>chiVcoYZhDW_Z`ih Event!VcY^Z7Z]VcYajc\h[jc`i^dc WZg\ZWZc#9^Z7ZoZ^X]cjc\ e^hi]^ZgWZ^olVg[gZ^l~]aWVg!YVh e]Vih^X]VWZg b^iiaZglZ^aZ^cEgd\gVbb^ZgZg`gZ^hZc YjgX]\ZhZioi#HdaX]Zjc\ZhX]g^ZWZcZc cYZg :^\ZchX]V[iwhichhiZ]iYZg6H8>>"8dYZYZhOZ^X]Zch#Hd`VccZ^cZ^c[VX]ZhGViZ" he^Za^beaZbZci^ZgilZgYZc#9Zg7ZcjioZg`Vcc^cYVh[da\ZcYZIZmiZ^c\VWZ[ZaY WZa^ZW^\Z7jX]hiVWZcZ^c\ZWZc#CVX]_ZYZbIVhiZcYgjX`l^gYYZgZ^c\Z\ZWZcZ 7jX]hiVWZb^iYZbojZggViZcYZc7jX]hiVWZckZg\a^X]Zc#=ViYZg7ZcjioZgg^X]" i^\\ZgViZc!hdl^gYY^ZhVjh\Z\ZWZc#7Z^_ZYZbGViZkZghjX]l^gYZ^cO~]aZgjb Z^chZg]]i!YZccbVc`Vccc^X]ijcZcYa^X]d[igViZc!hdcYZgcWZ^jchbVm^bVa oZ]cbVa#7ZVX]iZcH^Z!l^Z^b[da\ZcYZc8dYZY^Z;jc`i^dc^bbZgb^i return truekZgaVhhZcl^gY!VjZglZccYVhGViZhe^Zaoj:cYZ^hi/9VccZcYZiY^Z;jc`" i^dcb^ireturnfalse#9ZgcY^ZhZb;Vaahdaa kZg]^cYZgilZgYZc!YVhhY^Zojh~ioa^X] Z^c\Zi^eeiZc7jX]hiVWZc^b:^c\VWZ[ZaY ZghX]Z^cZc#
Tastatureingaben mit Mozilla
%VENTS¸LA)NTERNET%XPLORER
:^c=^clZ^hcdX]VbGVcYZ/B^iZ^cZgZ^co^\Zcojh~ioa^X]ZcOZ^aZ`VccbVc ojb^cYZhikZg]^cYZgc!YVhhVj[C^X]i" CZihXVeZ"7gdlhZgcZ^cZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\ Vjh\Z\ZWZcl^gY#C^X]ikdg]VcYZcZ:^\ZchX]V[iZc`VccbVcd]cZEgdWaZbZhZi" oZc!Y^ZZ^co^\ZciZgcZi:meadgZgb^ihZ^cZg KZgh^dc)Z^ccZjZh:gZ^\c^hbdYZaaZ^c\Z[]gi#AZ^YZg^hiY^ZhZhBdYZaa[Vhikdaa" hi~cY^\^c`dbeVi^WZab^iYZgKVg^VciZ kdcCZihXVeZ!VWZg\Z\Zc:cYZY^ZhZh @Ve^iZahlZgYZcl^gjchVjX]Y^ZhZhEgdWaZbhVccZ]bZc#ciZgcZi:meadgZgKZgh^dc)#OjgKZgZ^c^\jc\Y^ZhZgWZ^YZc7gdlhZg\ZaVc" \Zcl^gl^Z\ZhV\ihe~iZg#
%REIGNISSE
6jX]YZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZg]Vi^cKZgh ^dc)cZjZ:gZ^\c^hhZZ^c\Z[]gi#;g BVjhWZlZ\jc\Zch^cYYVh mousedown! mouseupjcY dblclick0WZ^YZgIVhiVijg ]VcYZaiZhh^X]jb keydown! keyupjcY keypress#7Z^YZg7ZYZjijc\Y^ZhZg :gZ^\c^hhZ\^WiZh`Z^cZcJciZghX]^ZYojCZihXVeZ!hdYVhhY^Z:gZ^\c^hhZVcY^ZhZg HiZaaZc^X]icdX]Z^cbVaVjh[]ga^X]Zg`a~gilZgYZc#9ZgJciZghX]^ZYWZhiZ]i^c YZg7Z]VcYajc\YZgBVjh"jcYIVhiVijgZ^c\VWZc!VWZgYVojhe~iZgbZ]g#
%REIGNISSEALS/BJEKTEIGENSCHAFTEN
9Zg>ciZgcZi:meadgZg`VcchiVii=IBA":kZci"=VcYaZgc?VkVHXg^ei"DW_Z`iZ^\Zc" hX]V[iZcWZcjioZc#9Vh7Z^he^ZakdcdWZc`VccVahdl^ZYZgkZglZcYZilZgYZc/
Events
Events mit dem Internet Explorer
3PEZIELLE3KRIPTE
:h\^WiWZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgZ^cZ heZo^ZaaZB\a^X]`Z^i!:kZci"=VcYaZgoj ZgoZj\Zc#9VojkZglZcYZibVcZ^c\Zl]ca^X]Zh
Spezielle Skripten
HdhX]cY^Z>YZZVjX]^hiÄ^cYZgEgVm^h^hiY^ZhZhKdg\Z]Zckaa^\kZg[Z]ai#6aaZ VcYZgZc7gdlhZgVjZgYZb>ciZgcZi:meadgZg^\cdg^ZgZcY^ZEVgVbZiZg event jcY forYZh
Neue Mausereignisse
6jX][gY^ZBZi]dYZ releaseEvents()\^WiZhZ^cZ~fj^kVaZciZ6clZ^hjc\Ä Y^ZDW_Z`iZ^\ZchX]V[ibjhhZ^c[VX]Vj[null\ZhZioilZgYZc/ document.onclick = null;
"UBBLING
9Zgojkdgh`^oo^ZgiZ6WaVj[WZ^b:^ci gZiZcZ^cZh:gZ^\c^hhZhl^gYcjccdX] ZilVh\ZcVjZgYVg\ZhiZaai#Ig^iiWZ^Z^cZbDW_Z`iZ^c:gZ^\c^hVj[!hdl^gYWZ^Y^Z" hZbDW_Z`ijcYYVcccVX]Z^cVcYZgWZ^V aaZcWZg\ZdgYcZiZcDW_Z`iZccVX]\Z" hX]Vji!dWZ^cZgYZgWZ^YZc[da\ZcYZc;~aaZZ^cig^ii/ 왘
:h\^WiZ^cZc:kZci"=VcYaZg!jcYY^ZhZgl^gYb^i returnfalseVW\ZhX]adhhZc#
왘
BVc^hiWZ^bdWZghiZcDW_Z`iVc\ZaVc\i!YZbdocument"DW_Z`i#
LZccbVcYVhdWZcYVg\ZhiZaaiZEgd\gVbbaZ^X]ibdY^[^o^ZgiWol#Zg\~coi!`Vcc bVcY^ZhZc:[[Z`ihZ]g\jiWZdWVX]iZc/
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
Ereignisse mit dem Internet Explorer
Neue Mausereignisse
LZccH^ZYVhH`g^eiVjh[]gZcjcYVj[Y^ZHX]Vai[a~X]Z`a^X`Zc!lZgYZchdld]a Y^Z;jc`i^dcbuttonclick()VahVjX]mclick()Vj[\Zgj[Zc# :cYZi_ZYdX] buttonclick()b^i return false!hdl^gY mclick()c^X]ibZ]g Vjh\Z[]gi!lZccVj[Y^ZHX]Vai[a~X]Z\Z`a^X`il^gY/
Ereignisse mit dem Internet Explorer
Neue Mausereignisse
%VENTS¸LA)NTERNET%XPLORER
!BBILDUNG
Die neuen Mausereignisse
9Vh]^ZgVgX]^hX]ZKdg\Z]ZckdcjciZccVX]dWZccZccibVc^b:c\a^hX]Zc ¼7jWWa^c\»!lZ^aYVh:gZ^\c^hl^ZZ^cZ7aVhZWjWWaZcVX]dWZchiZ^\i#
$AS%VENT /BJEKT
HX]dc^b6WhX]c^iiWZgY^ZCZihXVeZ"7gdlhZgljgYZYVh:kZci"DW_Z`ikdg\Z" hiZaai#9^Z\jiZCVX]g^X]i/7Z^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgkZg]~aih^X]Y^ZhZhDW_Z`igZX]i ~]ca^X]#9^ZhX]aZX]iZCVX]g^X]i/:h\^Wi \VcoVb6c[Vc\Z^cZcZcihX]Z^YZcYZc JciZghX]^ZYÄ@dbeVi^W^a^i~iVYL~]gZcYWZ^CZihXVeZ8d#YVhV`ijZaaZ :gZ^\c^hVahEVgVbZiZgVcYZc:kZci"=VcYaZgWZg\ZWZcl^gY!^hiYVhWZ^b>ciZg" cZi:meadgZgc^X]ihdÄZh^hic^X]iZ^cbVaci^\#6j[YVhV`ijZaaZ:gZ^\c^h`Vcc b^iwindow.eventdYZgZ^c[VX]cjgb^ieventoj\Z\g^[[ZclZgYZc# 6jX]]^Zg\^WiZhl^ZYZgY^Z:^\ZchX]V[itype!Y^ZY^Z6giYZh:gZ^\c^hhZhVahOZ^" X]Zc`ZiiZVc\^Wio# 7# "load"dYZg "click"#Cjg event.target\^W iZhc^X]i bZ]g!WZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZg]Z^iY^ZhZ:^\ZchX]V[i srcElementjcYZci]~ai l^ZtargetWZ^bCZihXVeZCVk^\VidgZ^cZGZ[ZgZcoVj[YVhDW_Z`i![gYVhYVh :gZ^\c^hWZhi^bbilVg# 7ZVX]iZcH^ZVj[_ZYZc;Vaa!YVhhWZ^bCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidg Eventb^i\gdZb E \ZhX]g^ZWZcl^gY!WZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgb^i`aZ^cZbe# >b[da\ZcYZc7Z^he^Zal^gYYZg name"EVgVbZiZgYZg_Zc^\ZcHX]Vai[a~X]ZVc\Z\Z" WZc!Y^ZVc\Z`a^X`ildgYZc^hi/
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
Ereignisse mit dem Internet Explorer
Neue Mausereignisse
!BBILDUNG
Die angeklickte Schaltfläche wird identifiziert.
9VhEg^co^eYZh:kZci"7jWWa^c\h`Vccc^ X]icjg\ZcZgZaaVW\ZhX]VaiZilZgYZcÄ ZilVYjgX]Z^c return falseÄ!hdcYZgcVjX]Zmea^o^i[g\ZcVjZ^c:gZ^\c^h# 9VojkZglZcYZcH^ZYVh[da\ZcYZ@dbbVcYd/ event.cancelBubble = true;
%VENTSMITBEIDEN"ROWSERN
>cY^ZhZb6WhX]c^iilZgYZccdX]`jgoHigViZ\^Zckdg\ZhiZaai!l^ZH^Z>]gZH`g^e" iZcVj[WZ^YZc7gdlhZgcd]cZ;Z]aZgWZcjioZc`ccZcÄk^ZaaZ^X]iVj[~aiZgZc
%VENTSMITBEIDEN"ROWSERN
7gdlhZgcc^X]ib^iYZgkdaaZc;jc`i^dcVa^i~i!VWZg^bbZg]^cd]cZ;Z]aZgbZa" Yjc\Zc#6jZgYZblZgYZc`jgoY^ZJciZghX]^ZYZWZ^YZg6W[gV\Zkdc\ZYgX`" iZcIVhiVijg"jcYBVjhiVhiZcWZ^YZcWZ^YZc¼\gdZc»7gdlhZgcWZaZjX]iZi#
"ROWSERUNABH¼NGIGKEIT
>b;da\ZcYZchdaaZcZ^c^\ZVaa\ZbZ^cZ@dcoZeiZkdg\ZhiZaailZgYZc!Y^ZWZ^YZg [dgi\ZhX]g^iiZcZc!WgdlhZgjcVW]~c\^\Z c:gZ^\c^hWZ]VcYajc\kdcCjioZchZ^c `ccZc# .ETSCAPEODERNICHT >cHVX]Zc:gZ^\c^h[~aaiZho^Zba^X]aZ ^X]i!YZcCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidgkdb>ciZgcZi :meadgZgojjciZghX]Z^YZc#H^ZkZglZcYZcYVojY^ZDW_Z`iWZgeg[jc\/ if (window.Event) { //Code für den Netscape } else { //Code für den Internet Explorer }
%REIGNISSEABFANGEN L^Z^X]WZgZ^ihZgl~]ci]VWZ!`Zcci YZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZgY^ZBZi]dYZ captureEvents()c^X]i0YjgX]YVh7jWWa^c\"Eg^co^e^hih^Z_VVjX]c^X]ici^\!YV :gZ^\c^hhZcVX]dWZclZ^iZg\ZgZ^X]ilZgYZc#HdaaZilVZ^cBVjh`a^X`VW\Z[Vc\Zc lZgYZc!hd`VccbVch^X]b^i[da\ZcYZb8dYZWZ]Za[Zc/ function mclick() { window.status += "[Mausklick]"; } if (window.Event) { document.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEUP); } document.onclick = mclick;
9Zc`ZcH^ZYVgVc!YVhhYZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZgWZ^bdocument"DW_Z`iVj[]gijcY c^X]ibZ]glZ^iZgcVX]dWZc\Z]Zc`Vcc0;da\ZcYZhl~gZVahd[VahX]/ if (window.Event) { window.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEUP); } window.onclick = mclick;
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
%REIGNISEIGENSCHAFTEN L^ZWZgZ^ihVc\ZYZjiZiljgYZ!\^WiZhWZ^YZg6W[gV\Zkdc:gZ^\c^hhZcJciZg" hX]^ZYZol^hX]ZcYZcWZ^YZc7gdlhZgc/ Vc\Z[Vc\ZcWZ^YZgzWZg\VWZVahEVgV" bZiZgW^h]^cojgHX]gZ^WlZ^hZ#6jX]]^Zg`VccbVch^X]l^ZYZgb^iZ^cZg DW_Z`iWZgeg[jc\WZ]Za[Zc/ function mclick(e) { var ev = (window.Event) ? e : window.event; window.status += "[" + ev.type + "]"; } if (window.Event) { document.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEUP); } document.onclick = mclick;
7Z^bCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidgl^gYVj[YZcEVgVbZiZg eoj\Z\g^[[Zc!WZ^b>ciZgcZi :meadgZgVj[ window.eventdYZg event#9^Z:^\ZchX]V[i type^hiWZ^WZ^YZc 7gdlhZgc^YZci^hX]!`VccVahdegdWaZbadhkZglZcYZilZgYZc#7Z^YZbO^ZaYZh :gZ^\c^hhZh^hiYVhZilVhVj[lZcY^\Zg#BVcWZci^\iZ^cZZ^\ZcZ6clZ^hjc\/ function mclick(e) { var ev = (window.Event) ? e : window.event; var ziel = (window.Event) ? ev.target : ev.srcElement; window.status += "[" + ev.type + "@" + ziel.name + "]"; } if (window.Event) { document.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEUP); } document.onclick = mclick;
"ENUTZEREINGABEN
>cYZckdg]Zg^\Zc6WhX]c^iiZcljgYZcIVhiVijgZ^c\VWZcjcYBVjh`a^X`hZ]Zg hi^Z[biiZga^X]WZ]VcYZai0WZ^he^ZahlZ^hZljgYZcHdcYZgiVhiZcl^ZZilV (Alt) jcY(Strg)c^X]iZgl~]ci#9Vhhdaah^X]VcY^ZhZgHiZaaZ~cYZgc#OlVgjciZghX]Z^" YZch^X]Y^ZWZ^YZc7gdlhZgVjX]]^Zg!VWZg^col^hX]ZchdaaiZcH^ZhdVW\Z]~giZi hZ^c!YVhhH^ZYV[gZ^cZAhjc\[^cYZc# -AUSKLICKS E8"B~jhZ]VWZcolZ^dYZgYgZ^IVhiZc#9V^hiZhYdX]^ciZgZhhVci]ZgVjhoj[^c" YZc!lZaX]ZY^ZhZgIVhiZc\ZYgX`ildgYZc^hi#7ZkdgH^Zh^X]^ggl^io^\Z6clZc" Yjc\hb\a^X]`Z^iZcVjhYZc`Zc!Z^cZ`aZ^ cZLVgcjc\/7Z^he^ZahlZ^hZgj[iY^Z
%VENTSMITBEIDEN"ROWSERN
gZX]iZBVjhiVhiZZ^c@dciZmibZcVj[0YV h:gZ^\c^hig^ii[gYZc7gdlhZgVahd \Vgc^X]iZ^c#K^ZaZBVjhigZ^WZgWZaZ\Z cY^Zb^iiaZgZBVjhiVhiZb^iZ^cZb9de" eZa`a^X`!jcYYVb^i^hiY^ZIVhiZ[gYZc Y^[[ZgZco^ZgiZc:^chVioVjX]c^X]ihdc" YZga^X]\ZZ^\cZi# 7Z^bCZihXVeZCVk^\VidgZg]~aibVcY^ZCjbbZgYZg\ZYgX`iZcBVjhiVhiZ'Vjh YZg which":^\ZchX]V[iYZhVj[\ZigZiZcZc:gZ^\c^hhZh#7Z^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZg YV\Z\Zc\^WiZh]^Zg[gZ^cZ\ZhdcYZgiZ:^\ZchX]V[i!jcYolVgY^Z:^\ZchX]V[i buttonYZh:gZ^\c^hhZh#
Maustasten
Maustasten
4ASTEN L^ZH^ZWZgZ^ih\ZhZ]Zc]VWZc!Zg]~aibVcYZc6H8>>"8dYZWZ^bCZihXVeZCVk^" \VidgVjhYZg which":^\ZchX]V[iYZh:gZ^\c^hhZh0WZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZg\^WiZh l^ZYZgZ^cZZ^\ZcZ:^\ZchX]V[i!c~ba^X]keyCode#7Z^kZghX]^ZYZcZcEaVii[dgbZc \^WiZh]^cjcYl^ZYZg7j\h^cYZgJbhZiojc\!Y^ZVWZgb^iYZgBZi]dYZ String.fromCharCode()ojhVbbZc]~c\Zc#7Z^bVcX]Zc>ciZgcZi:meadgZg"KZg" h^dcZc[gYZcBVX^cidh]lZgYZcZ^c^\ZhZaiZcZgZOZ^X]Zc[VahX]ojgX`\Z\ZWZc# ' 9^Za^c`Z!eg^b~gZBVjhiVhiZ]ViY^ZCjbb Zg&0WZ^B~jhZc[gA^c`h]~cYZg]ViY^Zg ZX]iZ BVjhiVhiZY^ZCjbbZg
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
KZgaVhhZcH^Zh^X]^bOlZ^[ZaVahdVj [YZc6H8>>"8dYZ0^bEgdYj`i^dchWZig^ZW `ccZcH^ZYZccdX]^bbZgVj[fromCharCode()ojgX`\gZ^[Zc#
Tastatur
Tastatur
3ONDERTASTEN B^iYZcHdcYZgiVhiZckZg]~aiZhh^X]kdbEg^co^e]Zg~]ca^X]l^Zb^iIVhiVijg" Z^c\VWZcjcYBVjh`a^X`h#L~]gZcYWZ^bCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidgb\a^X]hik^Za^c Z^cZ:^\ZchX]V[idYZgKVg^VWaZ\ZeVX` ildgYZc^higZhhdjgXZcheVgZcY!`Vcc bVcWZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgZmea^o^iVj[Z^cZWZhi^bbiZ:^\ZchX]V[iegdHdcYZg" iVhiZoj\gZ^[ZcWZcjioZg[gZjcYa^X]#:^cZ:^chX]g~c`jc\\^WiZh_ZYdX]/7Z^b CZihXVeZCVk^\Vidg`ccZcY^ZIVhiZc (Alt)! (Strg)! (ª)jcY (Meta)!Y# ]#Y^Z L^cYdlh"IVhiZ!VW\Z[gV\ilZgYZc!WZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgaZY^\a^X](Alt)!(Strg) jcY(ª)#9^Z(Ctrl)"IVhiZ!YVhBVX^cidh]"tfj^kVaZciojg(Strg)"IVhiZ!`VccWZ^b BVX^cidh]">:ZWZc[Vaahc^X]iVW\Z[gV\ilZgYZc# 6chiZaaZkdcaVc\Zc:g`a~gjc\Zc[da\iZ^chZaWhiZg`a~gZcYZh7Z^he^Za#L~]gZcY WZ^b>ciZgcZi:meadgZgZ^coZacZ:^\ZchX]V[iZcVW\Z[gV\ilZgYZc!bjhhbVc WZ^bCZihXVeZl^ZYZgZ^cZW^ilZ^hZDeZgVi^dc!Y^ZhbVaJC9&!kZglZcYZc#
%VENTSMITBEIDEN"ROWSERN
Sondertasten
Sondertasten
%REIGNISBEHANDLUNG
!BBILDUNG
Auch gedrückte Sondertasten können abgefragt werden.
IZhiZcH^ZY^ZhZhEgd\gVbb!^cYZbH^ZZ^ceVVgYZgHdcYZgiVhiZc\ZYgX`i]VaiZc jcYYVccb^iYZgBVjhVj[Y^ZHX]Vai[a~X]Z`a^X`Zc#
!NDEREUNDMODERNE "ROWSER
9^Z:gZ^\c^hWZ]VcYajc\^cV`ijZaaZc Bdo^aaV"7gdlhZgc^hiZ^cZB^hX]jc\Vjh YZc@dcoZeiZcYZhCZihXVeZCVk^\Vidg)#mjcYYZh>ciZgcZi:meadgZghVWKZgh^dc )#L~]gZcYYZgCZihXVeZCVk^\VidgZ^c:g Z^\c^hcjgWZ^b¼:^ciVjX]Zc»^cZ^cZ LZWh^iZVW[Vc\Zc`Vccb^i captureEvent()!hiiYZg>ciZgcZi:meadgZgVj[ YVhhZaWZ:gZ^\c^h!lZccZhk^V7jWWa^c\ cVX]dWZchiZ^\i#9ZgBdo^aaVkZghiZ]i WZ^YZG^X]ijc\Zc!Y^Z6chiZjZgjc\^hi^YZci^hX]# 6cZ^cZgHiZaaZbjhhiZch^X]Y^ZHd[ilVgZ"6gX]^iZ`iZckdcBdo^aaV_ZYdX]Zci" hX]Z^YZc!lZaX]ZhBdYZaah^Z[gYVh:gZ^\c^h"DW_Z`il~]aZchdaaiZc#H^ZZci" hX]^ZYZch^X][gY^ZCZihXVeZ"KVg^VciZ/6c_ZYZc:kZci"=VcYaZgl^gYZ^cZKVg^" VWaZWZg\ZWZch^Zl^gYbZ^hiZch^b;jc`i^dch`de[b^ieWZoZ^X]cZi!Vj[YZgZc :^\ZchX]V[iZco# 7#e.targetZiX#^b;jc`i^dchgjbe[oj\Z\g^[[ZclZgYZc`Vcc# H^ZhZ]ZcVahd/LZccH^ZYVhCZihXVeZ"@dcoZeiZghiZ^cbVaWZ\g^[[Zc]VWZc!`c" cZcH^ZVjX][gBdo^aaV"7gdlhZgegd\gVbb^ZgZc# 6aaZgY^c\h\^WiZhVjX]Z^cZcZjZB\a ^X]`Z^i!Vj[:gZ^\c^hhZojgZV\^ZgZc!Y^Z VaaZbdYZgcZc7gdlhZg VjZgYZb>ciZgcZi:meadgZgjciZghiioZc#9^ZGZYZ^hi kdc:kZci"A^hiZcZgcļ:gZ^\c^h"AVjhX]Zgc»#B^i?VkVHXg^ei`ccZcH^ZZ^cZchda" X]ZcA^hiZcZgWol#¼AVjhX]Zg»Vc_ZYZh :aZbZciVj[YZg=IBA"HZ^iZVc]~c\Zc# JcYYVhh^Z]iYVcchdVjh/ var schaltflaeche = document.forms[0].elements[0]; schaltflaeche.addEventListener( "click", function() {
!NDEREUNDMODERNE "ROWSER
alert("Geklickt!"); }, false);
9^ZBZi]dYZaddEventListener()[\iZ^cZcA^hiZcZgYZbZcihegZX]ZcYZc:aZ" "on"Vb bZci]^coj#9ZgZghiZEVgVbZiZg^hiYZgCVbZYZh:gZ^\c^hhZhVahdd]cZ 6c[Vc\!jcYYZgolZ^iZEVgVbZiZg^hiY^ Z;jc`i^dc!Y^ZWZ^b:^cig^iiYZh:gZ^\" c^hhZhojg6jh[]gjc\`dbbZchdaa#H^ Z`ccZcZcilZYZgZ^cZVcdcnbZ;jc`" i^dcl^Z^bkdg]Zg^\Zc8dYZkZglZcYZc dYZgZ^cZGZ[ZgZcoVj[Z^cZWZcVcciZ ;jc`i^dc^g\ZcYldVcYZghVj[YZgHZ^iZ# >bYg^iiZcEVgVbZiZg\ZWZcH^ZVc!dWYVh:gZ^\c^hVW\Z[Vc\ZclZgYZchdaadYZg lZ^iZg\ZaZ^iZilZgYZcYVg[#=^ZgZ^c`dbeaZiiZhA^hi^c\/
Events
Event-Listener
9VhciZgcZi:meadgZgZ^cLVgcYgZ^ZX`jcYZkZc" ijZaacdX]Z^cZc^X]ihhV\ZcYZÄl^Z^bbZgWZ^b>:;Z]aZgbZaYjc\VcoZ^\i# 7ZhiZc[VaahigZiZc;Z]aZgbZaYjc\Zc\Vgc^X]iVj[!lZ^a_ZYZ:kZcijVa^i~iWZgX`" h^X]i^\ildgYZc^hijcYY^ZEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\eZg[Z`i^hi#9Vh^hi_ZYdX]hZaWhiWZ^ `aZ^cZgZcEgd\gVbb^Zgegd_Z`iZcZ^cZ>aajh^dcjcY^bLZWZghigZX]i#HZaWhi! lZccH^Z`Z^cZc;Z]aZgWZ^YZgEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\\ZbVX]i]VWZc!Zhl^gY^bbZg Z^cZWZhi^bbiZ7gdlhZgkZgh^dcjciZgZ^cZbWZhi^bbiZc7Zig^ZWhhnhiZb\ZWZc! Y^Z>]cZcZ^cZcHig^X]YjgX]Y^ZGZX]cjc\bVX]ijcYjciZgWZhi^bbiZc Jbhi~cYZcZ^cZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\egdYjo^Zgi# 7ZgZ^ihhZ^iYZg?VkVHXg^ei"KZgh^dc'\^WiZh_ZYdX]B\a^X]`Z^iZc!hdaX]Zhd\Z" cVcciZchnciV`i^hX]Zc;Z]aZgKZghiZ\Z\ZcY^Z?VkVHXg^ei"HnciVmgZ\ZacVWoj" [Vc\Zc!hdYVhhYZg7ZcjioZgYVYjgX]lZc^ \hiZchc^X]ibZ]gWZa~hi^\il^gYdYZg Y^Z;Z]aZgbZaYjc\WZhdcYZghVj[WZgZ^iZil^gY#9ZcclZccYZg7ZcjioZghX]dc Vj[Z^cZc;Z]aZghii!YVcc^hiZhcjgoj>]gZbKdgiZ^a!lZccVjX]H^ZYVkdc Zg[V]gZc :h\^Wi_ZYdX]VjX]ad\^hX]Z;Z]aZg#9Vhh^cY;Z]aZg!Y^Zoj`Z^cZg;Z]aZgbZaYjc\ []gZc!VWZgYV[ghdg\Zc!YVhhYVhH`g^eiZ^c[VahX]Zh:g\ZWc^ha^Z[Zgi#9^ZhZ;Z]" aZgh^cYZg[V]gjc\h\Zb~VbhX]l^Zg^\hiZ coj[^cYZc!ZWZclZ^aYZg;Z]aZgcjg Vb:g\ZWc^hh^X]iWVg^hi#LZccH^ZYZcCZihXVeZCVk^\VidgZ^chZioZcÄlVh^c =^cWa^X`Vj[Y^Z6jhhV\Z`gV[iYZg;Z]a ZgbZaYjc\Zcd]cZ]^ckdgiZ^a]V[i^hiÄ! `ccZcH^Zb^iZ^cZb`dhiZcadhZcIddakdcCZihXVeZYZb;Z]aZgiZj[ZaVj[Y^Z Hejg`dbbZc#9Zg?VkVHXg^ei9ZWj\\Zga~hhiH^Zl~]gZcYYZg6jh[]gjc\Z^cZh H`g^eihVj[Y^ZLZgiZYZgKVg^VWaZcoj\gZ^[Zc!jcYH^Z`ccZcYZcH`g^eiVWaVj[ VjX]jciZgWgZX]Zc#
&EHLERBEHANDLUNG
&EHLERABFANGEN
7Z^bI]ZbV:kZci"=VcYaZgh^Z]Z@Ve^iZa.ljgYZVjX]`jgo onerrorkdg\Z" hiZaai!YZgWZ^b:^cigZiZcZ^cZh;Z]aZghV` i^kl^gY#:h\^WiYgZ^B\a^X]`Z^iZc! Y^ZhZc:kZci"=VcYaZgZ^cojhZioZc/ 왘
/;]giWZ^b6j[igZiZcZ^cZh;Z]aZghYZcVc\Z\ZWZ" cZc8dYZVjh#
왘
window.onerror=Funktionsreferenz/;]giY^ZVc\Z\ZWZcZ;jc`i^dcWZ^b
6j[igZiZcZ^cZh;Z]aZghVjh#:hbjhhZ^ cZGZ[ZgZcoVj[Y^Z;jc`i^dcVc\Z\Z" WZclZgYZc!Vahd window.onerror = funktionjcYc^X]i window.onerror = funktion()#6aiZgcVi^k`ccZcH^ZZ^cZVcdcnbZ;jc`i^dckZglZcYZc/ window.onerror=function(){/*Code*/}# 왘
:^cZ;jc`i^dccVbZchonerror()l^gYYZ[^c^ZgijcYYVccVjidbVi^hX]Vjh\Z" []gi!hdWVaYZ^c;Z]aZgVj[ig^ii#
+EINE&EHLERMELDUNG
LZccY^Z;jc`i^dc!Y^ZWZ^b6j[igZiZcZ^cZh;Z]aZghVjh\Z[]gilZgYZchdaa! return true dYZgVaa\ZbZ^cYZg8dYZ!YZgYVccojg6jh[]gjc\`dbbi!b^i ZcYZi!l^gYYZg;Z]aZgc^X]iVc\ZoZ^\i!jcYYZg7ZcjioZgWaZ^WijcWZ]Zaa^\i# 9^ZhhdaaVcZ^cZb7Z^he^Za`jgoYZbdchig^ZgilZgYZc#CdgbVaZglZ^hZlgYZY^Z [da\ZcYZ6clZ^hjc\ojZ^cZg;Z]aZgbZaYjc\[]gZc!YZccY^ZKVg^VWaZ rhei^hi c^X]iYZ[^c^Zgi#9VZh_ZYdX]Z^cZ;jc`i^dconerror()\^Wi!Y^Z^bbZgYZcLZgi trueojgX`a^Z[Zgi!l^gYY^ZhZg;Z]aZgkZghX]ajX`ijcYc^X]iVjh\Z\ZWZc/
Fehler abfangen
Na, wo ist der Fehler?
&EHLERABFANGEN
"ESONDERE&EHLERMELDUNG
L^ZWZgZ^ihZ^c\Vc\hZgl~]ciljgYZ!`VccbVcVjX]Z^cZWZhdcYZgZ;Z]aZgbZa" Yjc\Vjh\ZWZc#6cY^Z;Z]aZgWZ]VcYajc\h[jc`i^dclZgYZcc~ba^X]YgZ^EVgV" bZiZgWZg\ZWZc/Y^Z;Z]aZgbZaYjc\!Y^ZJGAYZh9d`jbZcih!^cYZbYZg;Z]" aZgVj[igVi!jcYY^ZOZ^aZ!^cYZgYV h[Z]aZg]V[iZ@dbbVcYdhiZ]i#B^iYZg [da\ZcYZcHigViZ\^Z`ccZcH^ZVahdZ^cZVc\ZeVhhiZ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\Vjh\ZWZc/ 왘
OZ^\ZcH^ZZ^cZZilVh¼[gZjcYa^X]ZgZ»;Z]aZgbZaYjc\[g>]gZCjioZgVc#
왘
7ZZcYZcH^ZY^Z;jc`i^dcb^i return true!YVb^iYZg7gdlhZgYVcVX]Y^Z ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\c^X]iVcoZ^\i#
9Zg[da\ZcYZ8dYZoZ^\iY^ZhZ^cbVaZmZbeaVg^hX]#9Zg;Z]aZgl^gYb^iiZah window.alert()Vjh\Z\ZWZc!cViga^X]b^iZ^cZbWZgj]^\ZcYZc=^clZ^h#
Fehler abfangen
Na, wo ist der Fehler?
&EHLERBEHANDLUNG
!BBILDUNG
Die selbst gestrickte Fehlermeldung
!USBLICK&EHLERMELDUNGENVERSCHICKEN DWld]aZhh^X]WZ^Y^ZhZb7jX]jbZ^c?VkVHXg^ei"7jX]]VcYZai!^hiZ^c7a^X` WZgYZcIZaaZggVcYc^X]ihX]aZX]i#6b\chi^\hiZcl~gZZhYdX]!lZccZ^cZ ?VkVHXg^ei";Z]aZgbZaYjc\YZbHjg[Zgc^X]iVc\ZoZ^\i!VWZgVjidbVi^hX]k^V :"BV^aVcYZc6jidgYZgHZ^iZVahdVcH^ZkZghVcYilZgYZclgYZ# :^cZghiZg6chVio^hio^Zba^X]jbhi~cYa^X]jcYc^X]i\ZgVYZegd[Zhh^dcZaa/ 왘
y[[cZcH^ZWZ^b6j[igZiZcZ^cZg;Z]aZgbZaYjc\b^iwindow.open()Z^ccZjZh ;ZchiZgbZ]g>c[dgbVi^dcZc]^Zgoj[^cYZcH^Z^c@Ve^iZa&(#
왘
:ghiZaaZcH^Zb^iiZahk^ZaZc document.write()"6clZ^hjc\Zc^cYZbcZjZc ;ZchiZgZ^c;dgbjaVg!^cYZbH^Zo#7#VahkZghiZX`iZ;dgbjaVg[ZaYZgY^Z^ciZ" gZhhVciZc9ViZcZ^cigV\Zc/;Z]aZgbZaYjc\!JGAjcYOZ^aZ#
왘
HZioZcH^ZYVhaction"6iig^WjiYZh;dgbjaVghVj[mailto:Ihre_[email protected]#
왘
;\ZcH^Z^cYVh;dgbjaVgVc\ZZ^\cZiZgHiZaaZZ^c@dbbVcYdojbKZghVcY YZh;dgbjaVghZ^c/ setTimeout("document.forms[0].submit(); window.close", 1000);
왘
9Vh;dgbjaVgl^gYcjcVjidbVi^hX]k^V:"BV^akZghVcYi!jcYYVhcZjZghX]V[" [ZcZ7gdlhZg[ZchiZgl^gY\aZ^X]l^ZYZg\ZhX]adhhZc#
9Vh^hiZ^cidaaZgIg^X`ÄVW ZgZg]ViolZ^=V`Zc#Kdc action="mailto:..."^c ;dgbjaVgZc^hiYg^c\ZcYVWojgViZc!jc YYZg7ZhjX]Zg>]gZgLZWh^iZl^gYVjX] c^X]i\ZgVYZZg[gZjihZ^c!lZccjc\Z[gV\iWZghZ^c@dcidZ^cZ:"BV^aVcH^ZkZg" hVcYil^gY#9Vh=VjeibVc`d^hi_ZYdX] !YVhhVjhH^X]Zg]Z^ih\gcYZcWZ^YZc bZ^hiZc7gdlhZgc Formular.submit()c^X]i[jc`i^dc^Zgi!lZcc actionVj[
&EHLERABFANGEN
mailto:...\ZhZioi^hi#6jhY^ZhZbX]]VWZb^X]]^Zg[ gEZga!E=EjcY?HXg^ei#C:IZcihX]^ZYZc# EZga^hiZ^cZaVc\WZl~]giZHegVX]Z!Y^ZVWZg^bKZg\aZ^X]b^i_c\ZgZcjcYZ^c" [VX]ZgojZgaZgcZcYZc@dc`jggZciZcl^ZWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ6HE#C:IjcYZWZcE=E Y^ZWZ^YZcVcYZgZckZglZcYZiZcHegVX]Zc!bZ]gjcYbZ]gVc7dYZckZga^Zgi# 9dX]Y^ZbZ^hiZcLZWhZgkZgjciZghiioZc EZgakdgVaaZbY^ZbZ^hiZc=dhiZg# 9VhH`g^eia~hhih^X]b^igZaVi^klZc^\6j[lVcY^cVcYZgZHegVX]ZcjbhX]gZ^WZc# Ojc~X]hiWZigVX]iZcl^gYZc=IBA"jcY?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZ#7Z^b6j[igZiZcZ^cZh ;Z]aZghl^gYZ^ccZjZh;ZchiZg\Z[[cZi#>cYZgJGAlZgYZcY^Z;Z]aZgYViZcl^Z \Zld]ci/BZaYjc\!JGA!OZ^aZWZg\ZWZc#>c@Ve^iZa&'lZgYZcH^ZhZ]Zc!l^Z H^Z9ViZc^cYZg@dbbVcYdoZ^aZWZg\ZWZc`ccZc#KdcWZhdcYZgZg7ZYZjijc\ ^hicdX]YZg9ViZ^cVbZYZhhZgkZghZ^i^\Zc H`g^eih#EZga"Egd\gVbbZa^Z\ZcbZ^h" iZch^bKZgoZ^X]c^h$X\^"W^cjcY]VWZcY^Z:cYjc\#eadYZg#X\^# H^Z`ccZcY^ZhZhH`g^eicjgiZhiZc!lZccH^Z>]gZcLZWhZgkZgZcihegZX]ZcY `dc[^\jg^Zgi]VWZc!ldgVj[VcY^ZhZgHiZaaZVjhEaVio\gcYZcc^X]iZ^c\Z\Vc\Zc l^gY#LZccH^ZZ^cLZWVc\ZWdiWZ^Z^cZb=dhiZgjciZg]VaiZc!Zg]VaiZcH^ZYdgi lZ^iZgZ=^clZ^hZ#
Fehler abfangen
Na, wo ist der Fehler?
Cjcojg9ViZ^[Z]aZg#ea#9^ZhZhH`g^eibjhhY^Z[da\ZcYZc6j[\VWZcZgaZY^\Zc/ 왘
Y^Z9ViZcVjhYZgJGAVjhaZhZc
왘
Y^ZhZ9ViZceZg:"BV^akZghX]^X`Zc
왘
Z^c=IBA"9d`jbZciVjh\ZWZc!YVh^bLZhZcia^X]ZcYV[ghdg\i!YVhhYVh ;ZchiZgl^ZYZg\ZhX]adhhZcl^gY
9Vh[da\ZcYZEZga"Egd\gVbbZgaZY^\iVaaY^ZhZ6j[\VWZc#H^ZbhhZcYVhEgd" \gVbb\Z\ZWZcZc[VaahVc>]gZKZg]~aic^hhZVceVhhZc#LZccH^ZJC>MdYZgA^cjm Z^chZioZc!bhhZcH^Z^cYZgZghiZcOZ^aZYZc`dbeaZiiZcE[VYoj>]gZbEZga" >ciZgegZiZgVc\ZWZccdgbVaZglZ^hZ $jhg$W^c$eZga!VWZgbVcX]bVaVjX] $jhg$ adXVa$W^c$eZgadYZgt]ca^X]Zh#9VhEgd\gVbbHZcYbV^a!YVh[gYZcKZghVcYYZg :"BV^ahdg\i!a^Z\i^cYZgGZ\ZaVjX]^bKZgoZ^X]c^h$jhg$W^c!VWZgVjX]Y^Zh`Vcc h^X]~cYZgc#H^Z`ccZcVjX]YZc=Vjei`dc`jggZciZckdcHZcYbV^a!fbV^a!Z^c" hZioZc# #!/usr/bin/perl $fehler = $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}; @namevalue = split(/&/, $fehler); foreach $i (@namevalue){ $i =~ tr/+/ /; $i =~ s/%(..)/pack("C", hex($1))/eg; ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $i); $fehler{$name} = $value; } open(SENDMAIL, "|/usr/bin/sendmail -t"); print SENDMAIL "From: betatester\@xy.tld\n"; print SENDMAIL "To: bugfixer\@xy.tld\n"; print SENDMAIL "Subject: JavaScript-Fehler!\n\n"; print SENDMAIL "Fehlermeldung: " . $fehler{'meldung'} . "\n"; print SENDMAIL "URL: " . $fehler{'url'} . "\n"; print SENDMAIL "Zeile: " . $fehler{'zeile'} . "\n"; close SENDMAIL; print c]VaiYZg=IIE"6c[dgYZgjc\ WZgb^iiZai0ol^hX]ZcYZb=IIE"=ZVYZgjcYYZb=IIE">c]VaihiZ]iZ^cZAZZg" oZ^aZVahIgZccoZ^X]Zc# L^ZY^Z6cildgiYZhLZWHZgk^XZVjhh^Z ]i!]~c\ikdcYZgkZglZcYZiZc6j[gj[" bZi]dYZ!VahdHD6E!X]]VWZZhWZgZ^ihVc\ZYgd]iÄ^X]`dbbZcdX]Z^cbVaVj[Y^Z#C:I"IZX]cdad\^Z kdcB^Xgdhd[iojgX`#9ZgciZgcZi>c[dgbV"
7EB3ERVICES
i^dcHZgkZg>>H!YVhhiZ]ib^iiaZglZ^aZ [g>ciZgcZi>c[dgbVi^dcHZgk^XZh!VWZg ¼HZgkZg»^hi`cVX`^\ZgkdcB^Xgdhd[i#9^ZhZg^hi7ZhiVcYiZ^aYZg7Zig^ZWhhnhiZbZ L^cYdlhCIHZgkZg!L^cYdlh'%%%Egd[Zhh^dcVa$HZgkZg$6YkVcXZYHZgkZg!L^c" YdlhMEEgd[Zhh^dcVa!L^cYdlh'%%(HZ gkZg!L^cYdlh'%%-HZgkZgjcYY^kZg" hZg6jh\VWZckdcL^cYdlhK^hiVjcYL^cYdlh,#zWZgeg[ZcH^ZojZghi!dWYZg HZgkZgWZgZ^ih^chiVaa^Zgi^hi!VchdchiZc^chiVaa^ZgZcH^Z^]cWZgY^ZHnhiZbhiZjZ" gjc\cVX]^cYZcbZ^hiZcL^cYdlh"KZgh^dcZcHiVgi폷HnhiZbhiZjZgjc\폷Hd[i" lVgZ폷L^cYdlh"@dbedcZciZc]^coj[\Zc$Zci[ZgcZc#
!BBILDUNG
Der IIS muss installiert sein.
6ahC~X]hiZhbhhZcH^ZYVh#C:I;gVbZldg`!VahdY^Z#C:I"@aVhhZcW^Wa^di]Z` kdcB^Xgdhd[i!]ZgjciZgaVYZc#JciZg ]iie/$$lll#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$YdlcadVYh[^c" YZcH^ZY^Z[da\ZcYZcEV`ZiZ/ 왘
9Vh#C:I;gVbZldg`&GZY^hig^WjiVWaZ]iie/$$lll#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$YdlcadVYh$ YZiV^ah#Vhem4[Vb^an^Y2'+'9'*:(";*-.")-)'"-&*,"%()9&:,8;(6(Y^heaVnaVc\ 2YZ!ZilV'(B7#9^ZhZhEV`ZiZci]~aihX]dcVaaZh!lVhH^Zojg:ghiZaajc\ Z^cZhLZWHZgk^XZWZci^\Zc#
7EB3ERVICESMIT*3CRIPT.%4
왘
9Vh#C:I;gVbZldg`&H9@]iie/$$lll#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$YdlcadVYh$YZiV^ah #Vhem4;Vb^an>92.W(V'XV+"(+),")%,%".[)&"V(((X+W.&-&Y9^heaVnAVc\2YZ! ZilV&&'B7#9^ZhZhEV`Zi^hibZ]gVahhZX]hbVahd\gdl^ZYVhGZY^hig^Wj" iVWaZ!Zci]~aiYV[gVWZgjciZgVcYZ gZbZ^cZJcbZc\ZVc9d`jbZciVi^dc# LZccZh>]gZ>ciZgcZi"6cW^cYjc\ZgaVjWidYZglZccH^Z_ZbVcYZcb^i hX]cZaaZg6cW^cYjc\jcY89$9K9"7gZccZg`ZccZc!hdaaiZcH^ZY^ZhZhEV`Zi Z^chZioZc#
AVYZcH^ZcjcZ^cZhYZgWZ^YZcEV`ZiZ]ZgjciZg!jcYhiVgiZcH^ZY^Z>chiVaaVi^dc# H^ZWZci^\ZcYVoj6Yb^c^higVidggZX]iZ# 6b:cYZYZg>chiVaaVi^dchdaaiZcH^Z jciZg]iie/$$jeYViZ#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$cdX]cVX]hZ]Zc!dWJeYViZhojg#C:I;gVbZ" ldg`"KZgh^dcZghX]^ZcZch^cY# LZccH^Zb^i#C:I'#%dYZg]]ZgVgWZ^iZcbX]iZc!\^WiZheg^co^e^ZaaZWZc[Vaah Z^cGZY^hig^WjiVWaZjcYZ^c;gVbZldg`H9@!VWZgH^ZhdaaiZcVbWZhiZc\aZ^X]Z^c `dbeaZiiZh:cil^X`aZgeV`Zi^chiVaa^ZgZc#B^iYZb K^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZg:megZhh :Y^i^dc`jgo/KL9W^ZiZiB^Xgdhd[iZ^cZ egd[Zhh^dcZaaZ:cil^X`ajc\hjb\Z" Wjc\>9:[g6HE#C:I"6clZcYjc\ZcVc!b^iYZgH^ZVjX]LZWhZ^iZcZghiZaaZc `ccZc#9Vh7ZhiZYVgVc^hi!YVhhH^Zc^X]iZ^cbVaZ^cZc>>HWZci^\Zc!YZccWZ^ KL9^hiWZgZ^ihZ^cIZhi"LZWhZgkZgYV WZ^#9^ZhZgLZWhZgkZgZgaVjWi`Z^cZc Oj\g^[[kdcVjZc!^hiVWZgojbIZhiZc]ZgkdggV\ZcY\ZZ^\cZi# JciZg ]iie/$$lll#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$\ZgbVcn$ZmegZhh$egdYjXih$lZW#VhemZg]VaiZc H^ZYZcK^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZg!^c;dgbZ^cZhhX]aVc`Zc>chiVaaZghh^Z]Z6WW^a" Yjc\'%#'!YZgY^ZgZhia^X]Zc9ViZcVjhYZbLZW]ZgjciZga~Yi!dYZgVah\gdZh >HD">bV\Zojb6j["Y^Z"9K9"7gZccZc#
!BBILDUNG
Der Installer des Visual Web Developer Express Edition
7EB3ERVICES
CVX]YZg>chiVaaVi^dc`ccZcH^ZZ^cZ cZjZLZWh^iZVcaZ\Zch^Z]Z6WW^aYjc\ '%#(jcY^ccZg]VaWYZgH^iZVjX]Z^cZcLZWHZgk^XZZgoZj\Zc#L^gkZglZcYZc ^b;da\ZcYZcY^ZKZgh^dc'%&%!VWZg VjX]Y^Z[g]ZgZcKZgh^dcZc'%%*jcY '%%-YZhK^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZg`VccZ^c\ZhZioilZgYZc#
!BBILDUNG
Die Startseite von Visual Web Developer
0ROGRAMMIERUNG :^cZcLZWHZgk^XZb^i?HXg^ei#C:IojZghiZaaZc^hiZ^cZo^Zba^X]Z^c[VX]ZHVX]Z# 9VLZWHZgk^XZhZ^c^ciZ\gVaZg7ZhiVcYiZ^aYZg#C:I"HigViZ\^Zh^cY!^hik^Za;jc`" i^dcVa^i~ikdg]VcYZc!Y^Zh^X]^b=^ciZg\gjcYjbY^Z@dbbjc^`Vi^dcb^iYZb LZWHZgk^XZ`bbZgi0WZ^VcYZgZchZgk ZghZ^i^\ZcIZX]cdad\^ZcbhhZcH^Z cdX]k^ZaZhkdc=VcYZgaZY^\Zc#:h^hiVWZgojZglVgiZc!YVhhh^X]YVhb^iiZa[g^h" i^\~cYZgcl^gY# L^ZWZ^=IBA"9d`jbZciZcVjX]!gZ^X]iZ^cZ^c[VX]Zg:Y^idg!jbYZcLZWHZg" k^XZojZghiZaaZc#7Z^KZglZcYjc\ kdc6HE#C:I'#%KL9'%%*!(#*KL9 '%%-dYZg)#%KL9'%&%^cKZgW^cYjc\ b^iYZbK^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZg^hi YVhcViga^X]WZhdcYZghZ^c[VX]/AZ\ZcH^ZZ^cZcZjZ9ViZ^kdbIne LZWY^Zchi Vc0Y^Z9ViZ^ZcYjc\bjhh#VhbmhZ^c# Ojc~X]hibhhZcH^ZYV[ghdg\Zc!YVhhH^Z?HXg^eiWZg]VjeiVahHegVX]ZkZglZc" YZcYg[Zc#9^ZHiVcYVgYhegVX]ZWZ^#C:I ^hic~ba^X]K^hjVa7Vh^X0H^ZbhhZc Y^ZhZcKdg\VWZlZgi~cYZgc#6jZgYZbbhhZcH^ZYZc8dbe^aZgcdX]YVgVj[
7EB3ERVICESMIT*3CRIPT.%4
]^clZ^hZc!YVhhZhh^X]jbZ^cZcLZW HZgk^XZ]VcYZaijcYZgVahdY^ZWZg\Z" dgYcZiZ@aVhhZ!c^X]iY^ZZ^coZacZ;jc`i^dcPrimzahlen]Z^i#9^ZhVaaZh\Z]ib^i [da\ZcYZg6clZ^hjc\!Y^Z^cYZgZghiZcOZ^aZYZh9d`jbZcihhiZ]Zcbjhh/
6ahC~X]hiZhbhhZcH^ZY^Z#C:I"@aVhhZcW^Wa^di]Z`[gLZWHZgk^XZh^bedgi^Z" gZc!YVb^iYZg8dbe^aZghe~iZgY^ZcdilZcY^\Z@dbbjc^`Vi^dch[jc`i^dcVa^i~i ^c`ajh^kZHD6EVjidbVi^hX]]^coj[\Zc`Vcc/ import System.Web.Services;
CjcZghiZaaZcH^ZZ^cZ@aVhhZ[gYZcLZWHZgk^XZ#>cYZgZghiZcOZ^aZ]VWZcl^g YZg@aVhhZYZcCVbZc Primzahlen\Z\ZWZc!lZhlZ\ZcY^ZhZ7ZoZ^X]cjc\h^X] ^b@aVhhZccVbZcl^ZYZg[^cYZcbjhh/ public class Primzahlen extends WebService { // ... }
?Zioi[Z]aijchZ^\Zcia^X]cjgcdX]YZg Z^\Zcia^X]Z9^Zchi/Y^ZzWZgeg[jc\!dW Z^cZOV]aZ^cZEg^boV]a^hidYZgc^X] i#9Vb^iY^ZhZ;jc`i^dcVahBZi]dYZYZh LZWHZgk^XZZg`Vccil^gY!bjhh^]gYVh6iig^Wji WebMethodAttributekdgVc\Z" hiZaailZgYZc# WebMethodAttribute function istPrimzahl(zahl:int):boolean { // ... }
H^ZhZ]Zc!YVhhWZ^?HXg^ei#C:IKVg^VWaZcine^h^Zgih^cY/9Vh]Z^i!Z^cZKVg^VWaZ ]ViZ^cZcWZhi^bbiZcIne!WZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ>ciZ\Zg intdYZg7ddaZVc boolean# 9^ZhZgInel^gY]^ciZgZ^cZb9deeZa ejc`icVX]YZbKVg^VWaZccVbZcVc\Z\Z" WZc# 9^ZzWZgeg[jc\!dWYZgWZg\ZWZcZEVgV bZiZgZ^cZEg^boV]a^hidYZgc^X]i! l^gYl^Z[da\ikdg\ZcdbbZc/Ojc~X]hi l^gYWZgeg[i!dWVahEVgVbZiZgZ^cZ OV]a\gZgVah&WZg\ZWZcldgYZc^hi#6aaZOV]aZc`aZ^cZgdYZg\aZ^X]&h^cY `Z^cZEg^boV]aZc#' if (zahl < 2) return false;
' :^cZEg^boV]a^hiYZ[^c^ZgiVahOV]a!Y^ZcjgolZ^IZ^aZg]Vi/Y^Z&jcYY^ZOV]ahZaWhi#9ZhlZ\Zc ^hi&`Z^cZEg^boV]a!YZcc&]VicjgZ^cZcIZ^aZgh^X]hZaWhi#
7EB3ERVICES
7Z^b6j[gj[YZhLZWHZgk^XZl^gYVj idbVi^hX]WZgeg[i!dWYZgWZg\ZWZcZ LZgikdbZglVgiZiZcIne^hi!]^ZgVahd>ciZ\Zg#H^ZbhhZcYV]Zg`Z^cZojh~ioa^" X]ZIneWZgeg[jc\kdgcZ]bZc# 6ahC~X]hiZhl^gYWZgeg[i!dWY^ZOV]aZ^cZclZ^iZgZcIZ^aZgVjZg&jcYh^X] hZaWhi]Vi#9VojlZgYZcVaaZOV]aZcol^hX]Zc'jcYYZgLjgoZaYZgOV]aYVgVj[" ]^c\Zeg[i!dWh^ZVahIZ^aZg^c;gV\Z`dbbZc#OlVg`cciZcVjX]\gZgZOV]" aZc\ZiZhiZilZgYZc!Y^ZBVi]ZbVi^`aZ]gi VWZg!YVhhZhZcilZYZgIZ^aZgW^hojg FjVYgViljgoZa\^WidYZgWZg]Vjei`Z^cZ# for (var i=2; i>H^hiWZ^Z^cZgHiVcYVgY^chiVaaVi^dc X/Q^cZiejWQlllgddi0aZ\ZcH^Z Y^Z9ViZ^Vahd^cY^ZhZbKZgoZ^X]c^hVW#B^iYZbK^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZgaZ\ZcH^Z Y^Z9ViZ^Z^c[VX]^bEgd_Z`ikZgoZ^X]c^hVW!YVH^ZYdgi_V`Z^cZc>HHWZci^\Zc#
7EB3ERVICESMIT*3CRIPT.%4
HdaaiZcH^ZY^ZHnhiZbkdgVjhhZiojc\Zc[g Y^ZhZc#C:ILZWHZgk^XZc^X]iZg[a" aZcVahdWZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ`Z^cZc>>H WZh^ioZc!`ccZcH^ZYZcLZWHZgk^XZ bdbZciVcjciZgYZgJGA ]iie/$$lll+#Wg^c`hiZg#Xdb$lZco$Eg^boV]aZc#Vhbm VjhegdW^ZgZc#HdaaiZY^ZhZJGAZ^cbVac^ X]ibZ]g[jc`i^dc^ZgZc!\Z]ZcH^Zoj ]iie/$$lll#mbZi]dYh#cZi$#9dgi[^cYZcH^ZZ^cZ\VcoZGZ^]ZkdcLZWHZgk^XZh! jciZgVcYZgZbVjX]Z^cZcEg^boV]aiZhi#
!BBILDUNG
Die »Hauptseite« des Web Service
H^Z`ccZcYZcLZWHZgk^XZ^b;da\ZcYZciZhiZc#Gj[ZcH^Zojc~X]hiY^gZ`iY^Z #Vhbm"9ViZ^Vj[!^cYZbH^Z^c>]gZcLZWWgdlhZgY^Z6YgZhhZ ]iie/$$adXVa]dhi$ Eg^boV]aZc#VhbmZ^c\ZWZcdYZg^cK^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZgY^ZIVhiZc`dbW^cV" i^dc(Strg) (F5)WZi~i^\Zc#9^Z6jh\VWZhZ]ZcH^Z^c6WW^aYjc\'%#+#9ZgLZW HZgk^XZ\^Wi6jh`jc[iWZgh^X]hZaWhi jcY[]giY^ZojgKZg[\jc\hiZ]ZcYZc BZi]dYZcVj[# LZccH^ZYVccVj[ ^hiEg^boV]a`a^X`Zc!Zg]VaiZcH^Zojh~ioa^X]Z>c[dgbVi^dcZc WZgY^ZEg^boV]aeg[jc\!jciZgVcYZgZbYZcdYZgY^ZEVgVbZiZgh^Z]Z6WW^a" Yjc\'%#*#LZccH^Z^cYVhIZmiZ^c\VW Z[ZaYZ^cZcLZgiZ^c\ZWZcjcYVj[ >ckd`Z`a^X`Zc!l^gYYZgLZWHZgk^XZVjh\Z[]gi0YVh:g\ZWc^hYZh6j[gj[hl^gY ^cZ^cZbcZjZc;ZchiZgVc\ZoZ^\i#H^Z`ccZcY^Zh^c6WW^aYjc\'%#+hZ]Zc# 6j[bZg`hVbZAZhZg[gV\Zch^X]b^iiaZglZ^aZkZgbjia^X]!l^ZYVhWZg]Vjei[jc`" i^dc^ZgZc`Vcc!YZccl^g]VWZc_V`Z ^cZLH9A"7ZhX]gZ^Wjc\YZhLZWHZgk^XZ ZghiZaai#9ZgciZgcZi:m eadgZgh]ViB^Xgdhd[ihd\ZcVcciZ 7Z]Vk^dgh Zc\a^hX][g¼KZg]VaiZc»Z^c\Z[]gi#9V h^hic^X]ihVcYZgZhVahZ^cZ=IBA" 6clZ^hjc\!b^iYZgH^ZjciZgVcYZgZbY^ZKdgVjhhZiojc\ZchX]V[[Zc`ccZc! Vj[LZWHZgk^XZhVjX]VjhYZb7gdlhZg]ZgVjhojoj\gZ^[Zc# H^ZWZci^\ZcYVojojc~X]hiZ^cZ #]iX"9ViZ^!Y^ZVj[YZbB^Xgdhd[i"LZWhZgkZg jciZgYZgJGA ]iie/$$lll#b^Xgdhd[i#Xdb$YdlcadVYh$YZiV^ah#Vhem4[Vb^an^Y2&V(['*XV" %(-,").V."-ZYX"W-WX%(%.V'Z&Y^heaVnaVc\2Zcibojb9dlcadVYojgKZg[" \jc\hiZ]i#=^ciZgYZg9ViZ^lZWhZgk^XZ#]iXkZgWZg\Zch^X][Vhi'(%%OZ^aZc?VkV" HXg^ei"8dYZ#9Vg^ch^cYY^Z\ZhVbiZccdilZcY^\Zc;jc`i^dcVa^i~iZcÄ@dbbjc^" `Vi^dcb^iYZbLZWHZgk^XZ!9ZXdY^Zgjc\YZhMBA"GX`\VWZlZgihYZhLZW HZgk^XZjcYhdlZ^iZgÄ^beaZbZci^Zgi#@de^ZgZcH^ZY^ZhZ9ViZ^^cYVhhZaWZKZg" oZ^X]c^h!^cYZbH^ZVjX]Y^Zc~X]hiZ 9ViZ^ZghiZaaZclZgYZc/Y^Z=IBA"BVh`Z ojb6j[gj[Zc!6jh[]gZcjcY6jhlZgiZcYZhLZWHZgk^XZ# Ojc~X]hibhhZcH^ZYVhLZW"HZgk^XZ" 7Z]Vk^dgZ^cWVjZc#KZglZcYZcH^ZYVoj style"EVgVbZiZgVj[ Z^c[VX]Z^c "=IBA":aZbZci!jcYhZioZcH^ZYZc "behavior:url(webservice.htc)"/
6ahC~X]hiZhWZci^\ZcH^ZY^ZBVh`Zoj b6W[gV\ZcYZhLZWHZgk^XZ!Y# ]#Z^c :^c\VWZ[ZaY[gY^ZojWZgeg[ZcYZOV]a jcYZ^cZHX]Vai[a~X]ZojbHiVgiZcYZg zWZgeg[jc\/
Bitte Zahl eingeben:
;gY^Z6jh\VWZYZh:g\ZWc^hhZhkZglZcYZcl^gZ^c
":aZbZci/
---
":aZbZciVjh\Z\ZWZc/ Absatz.InnerHtml = s;
>c6WW^aYjc\'-#(hZ]ZcH^ZYVh:g\ZWc^h#:h]ViYZcVc\ZcZ]bZcCZWZcZ[[Z`i! YVhhY^Z;dgbjaVg[ZaYZgcVX]YZb;dgbjaVgkZghVcYVjidbVi^hX]l^ZYZgb^iYZc ojkdgZ^c\Z\ZWZcZcLZgiZckdgVjh\Z[ aailZgYZc#9Vh^hi^chWZhdcYZgZYVcc l^X]i^\!lZccYZg6clZcYZgcdX]6c\VWZc`dgg^\^ZgZcbjhh!WZ^he^ZahlZ^hZ [Z]aZcYZE[a^X]i[ZaYZg#
7EB#ONTROLS
!BBILDUNG
Formulardaten werden ruckzuck ausgegeben.
7EB#ONTROLS
L^ZH^ZhZ]Zc`dcciZc!`VccZ^cZWZhiZ]ZcYZ=IBA"HZ^iZgZaVi^khX]cZaa[g 6HE#C:Ijb\ZhiZaailZgYZc/6aaZ:aZbZciZ !Y^ZhZgkZghZ^i^\bdY^[^o^ZgilZgYZc hdaaZc!bhhZcb^irunat="server"kZghZ]ZclZgYZc# 9^Z;^gbVB^Xgdhd[ikZghjX]i_ZYdX]hX]dchZ^i?V]gZcÄjcYYVho^Zba^X]Zg[da\" adhÄY^Z:cil^X`ajc\kdcL^cYdlh"6c lZcYjc\ZcYZg:cil^X`ajc\kdcLZW" VclZcYjc\ZcVcoj\aZ^X]Zc#9^Z>YZZaVjiZi/LZccY^Z6clZcYjc\Zc~]ca^X] ZghiZaailZgYZc`ccZc!l^gYVjhZ^cZb\jiZcL^cYdlh":cil^X`aZghd[dgiZ^c [~]^\ZgLZWZcil^X`aZg#zWZgY^ZhZ;da\Zgjc\`VccbVchigZ^iZc!YZccdX]\^WiZh ^bbZgl^ZYZg6ch~ioZkdcB^Xgdhd[i":cil^X`ajc\hjb\ZWjc\Zc!Y^Zhdld]a[g HiVcYVadcZ"Egd\gVbbZVahVjX][gLZWhZ^iZckZglZcYZilZgYZc`ccZc# 9ZgkdgZghiaZioiZ=]Zejc`iY^ZhZg7ZhigZWjc\Zc^hiWZ^6HE#C:IgZVa^h^Zgildg" YZcjcY^cK^hjVaHijY^dWZhdcYZghd[[Z ch^X]ia^X]ojWZdWVX]iZc/B^Xgdhd[i]Vi Z^\ZcZIV\hZ^c\Z[]gi!Y^Zhd\ZcVcciZc LZW 8dcigdah#9^ZhZWZ\^ccZc^bbZg b^i ]cZc]d[[Zcia^ X]\ZoZ^\i!YVhh^c6HE#C:IZ^c^\ZhZ]g egV`i^hX]Z9^c\Z^ciZ\g^Zgih^cY!Y^Z Y^ZhZgkZghZ^i^\ZEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\hiVg` ZgaZ^X]iZgc`ccZcÄjcYYVWZ^bhhZcH^Z[Vhi`Z^cZcZjZHegVX]ZaZgcZc! YZcc?HXg^ei#C:IjcY?VkVHXg^eih^cYh^X]hZ]g~]ca^X]#6jZgYZb]VWZcH^Z \ZhZ]Zc!YVhhB^Xgdhd[ih#C:IhZaWhihZ]gk^Za?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZZgoZj\i0Y^ZXa^Zci" hZ^i^\ZIZX]cdad\^Z^hiVahd^bbZgcdX] V`ijZaajcYl^X]i^\#6aaZgY^c\h\^WiZh VjX]]^ZgZ^cZcE[ZgYZ[j/6HE#C:IZgoZ j\iiZ^alZ^hZhdk^Za?VkVHXg^ei"8dYZ! YVhhbVcX]Z9^c\Zd]cZH`g^ei"JciZghi iojc\cjghZ]gZ^c\ZhX]g~c`i[jc`i^d" c^ZgZc#
4%),6) 3ICHERHEIT
LZgY^Z;gZ^]Z^iVj[\^Wi!jbH^X]Zg]Z^ioj\Zl^ccZc! l^gYVb:cYZWZ^YZhkZga^ZgZc# Ä7Zc_Vb^c;gVc`a^c
*AVA3CRIPTUND3ICHERHEIT
:hkZg\Z]i`VjbZ^cZLdX]Z!^cYZgc^X]i^g\ZcYZ^cZLZWVclZcYjc\ ¼\Z`cVX`i»l^gY!VahdZ^cZH^X]Zg]Z^ihaX`ZZciYZX`ijcY]~j[^\VjX]Vjh\Zcjioi l^gY#9VWZ^ig^[[iZh]~j[^\VjX]fjVa^iVi^k\jiZjcYWZa^ZWiZDeZc"HdjgXZ"Egd" _Z`iZ!ZilVY^ZY^kZghZc8BH"HnhiZbZ!LZWad\hjcY7^aYZg\VaZg^Zc/:h\^Wi`Vjb Z^cZWZ`VcciZgZHd[ilVgZ!Y^ZZhcdX]c^X]iZgl^hX]i]Vi# LVh]ViYVhVWZgb^i?VkVHXg^eiojijc4Cjc!Z^cZYZg6c\g^[[hb\a^X]`Z^iZc WZ^c]VaiZiY^ZKZglZcYjc\kdc?VkVHXg^ei#:^c\jiZg6c\gZ^[Zg^hiVahd]~j[^\ VjX]hZ]gkZgh^Zgi^c?VkVHXg^ei# 9^ZhZh@Ve^iZahdaacViga^X]`Z^c=VX`Zg &"bOjhVbbZc]Vc\b^i6_Vmh^cYb\a^X]ZglZ^hZVjX]]Zg`bb" a^X]Z?VkVHXg^ei"6clZcYjc\Zc^c=aYNT8`hoh;mB`FDGZ6F\^Y2'[^cYZcH^ZZ^cZA^hiZYZgcZjZc ;ZVijgZh#9Zb\Z\ZcWZghiZ]icViga^X]Y^ZKZg[[Zcia^X]jc\kdc:8B6HXg^ei* ^b9ZoZbWZg'%%.hdl^ZY^Z6c`cY^\jc\!YVhh?VkVHXg^ei.^bLZhZcia^X]Zc `dbeVi^WZaoj:8B6HXg^ei*hZ^cl^gY# HiVcYVgYh]^cdYZg]Zg!^bLZWWZgZ^X]h^cYZh^bbZgY^Z7gdlhZg]ZghiZaaZg!Y^Z YjgX]^]gZ>beaZbZci^Zgjc\ZcVc\ZWZc!dWh^X]Z^cZcZjZKZgh^dcYjgX]hZioZc `VccdYZgc^X]i#9VojgoZ^iWZ^YZc7gdlhZgZcil^X`aZgc]Vjeih~X]a^X]YVh;^gZ" [dm"$Bdo^aaV"IZVbY^ZcZjZcKZgh^dcZcjciZghiioi!]Z^iZh^c=^cWa^X`Vj[?VkV" HXg^ei'#%dYZglZaX]ZKZgh^dchcjbbZgVjX]^bbZgojb:^chVio`dbbi!cdX] cYZm'%.!'&+ ineZ'&+ kVajZ'%. 6ji]dg^oVi^dcgZfj^gZY+&(
" WVX`'*)!'** 7Vc`aZ^ioV]aZc(,. 7Z]Vk^dg))& 7Zhi~i^\jc\h[ZchiZg'*% 7aVX`_VX`**&
Wajg''' 7dd`bVg`'.7gdlhZg''!(& =^hidgn),* BVg`iVciZ^aZ)( CVk^\Vi^dchaZ^hiZ'*( IZhihnhiZb)* KZgh^dc&&, 7gdlhZg":g`Zccjc\&&( 8]gdbZ&&, >ciZgcZi:meadgZg&&* Bdo^aaV&&* DeZgV&&* HV[Vg^&&, KZgh^dchcjbbZg&&, 7gdlhZg`g^Z\'' 7jWWaZhdgi&.& 7jWWa^c\&**
# 8VX]Z(&)!('*!*.+!+%8Vb^cd(* 8]ZX`WdmZc'%X]ZX`ZY'%ineZ'&* 8]gdc^`'*( XaZVg>ciZgkVa'+' XaZVgI^bZdji'+% 8a^ZciHc^[[Zg&&( 8a^ZcihZ^i^\ZEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\'& Xa^ZciM)%' Xa^ZciN)%' 8dYZ VjhaV\Zgc+%, hX]ioZc*.( kZghX]ahhZac+%' kZghiZX`Zc*.XdYZhX]jioTYZXdYZ+%* XdYZhX]jioTZcXdYZ+%) Xdc[^gb'*% Xdci^cjZ,. Xdd`^ZTaZhZc()Xdd`^ZThZioZc(), 8dd`^Zh'')!'),!((, 6j[WVj((7ZhX]gZ^Wjc\((, YdbV^c((. :^chX]g~c`jc\Zc((-!()*
)NDEX
8dd`^Zh;dgih# Zme^gZh((. =iieDcan()% aZhZc()' ahX]Zc()' eVi]((. hZXjgZ()% HZ^iZchX]ioZc+&hZg^Va^h^ZgZc()+ hZioZc()& JciZghiiojc\eg[Zc()( LVgZc`dgW+*, 8denEVhiZ'&( 8gdhh"H^iZHXg^ei^c\*-* 8HH(-+ XaVhhCVbZ(-XjggZciHinaZ(-. \Zi8dbejiZYHinaZ(.% hinaZ(-, k^V?VkVHXg^ei(-,
$ 9ViZc]Vaijc\'') 9ViZ"DW_Z`i&%' ZgoZj\Zc.* \Zi9ViZ.+ \Zi;jaaNZVg.\Zi=djgh.+ \ZiB^aa^hZXdcYh.+ \ZiB^cjiZh.+ \ZiBdci].+ \ZiHZXdcYh.+ \ZiI^bZ.-!&%' \ZiNZVg.+!., idciZgcZi:meadgZg&*( BVjh`a^X`h&+% b^iDeZgV&)+ CZihXVeZ&)& HdcYZgiVhiZc&+' IVhiVijgZ^c\VWZc&*&!&+& ZhXVeZ'',!+))!+,' ZkVa-+!&.(!'&-!'(+!()+ H^X]Zg]Z^ihWZYZc`Zc(+, :kZci"=VcYaZg+'!&)&!&+dcVWdgi(', dcWajg''' dcX]Vc\Z'''!''.!(-% dcXa^X`+'!&)'!'*&!('' dcXdciZmibZcj+%' dcYWaXa^X`&)(!&*( dcZggdg&+-!(', dc[dXjh''& dc`ZnYdlc&*&!&*( dc`ZnegZhh&*&!&*( dc`Znje&*&!&*( dcadVY('+ dcbdjhZYdlc&)'!&*( dcbdjhZbdkZ&)( dcbdjhZdji'*,!(&' dcbdjhZdkZg'*,!(&' dcbdjhZje&)'!&*( dchjWb^i'%) :kZci"DW_Z`i&)+!&)-!&*, XVcXZa7jWWaZ&*8A>8@&)+ `Zn8dYZ&+& BDJH:9DLC&)+ BDJH:JE&)+ hgX:aZbZci&*,
:kZci"DW_Z`i;dgih# iVg\Zi&)ineZ&)l]^X]&*' ZMiZch^WaZBVg`jeAVc\jV\Z)&% ZMiZch^WaZHinaZh]ZZiAVc\jV\Z)&+ :miZgcZ9ViZ^*-
& ;6F'+ ;Z]aZg VW[Vc\Zc&+YZiV^aa^ZgiZBZaYjc\&+. ;Z]aZgbZaYjc\'*!).!-)!&+, eZg:"BV^ahZcYZc&,% ;ZchiZg VceVhhZc'+, 7ZcjioZgZ^c\VWZ'*' WZhdcYZgZGZX]iZ',% 7Zhi~i^\jc\'*% WZlZ\Zc'-% ;ZgchiZjZgjc\',* bdYVa'),!',( [[cZc'+) Dei^dcZc'+, hX]a^ZZc',hXgdaaZc'-& kZghX]^ZWZc'-% LVgcjc\')Oj\g^[[',. ;ZchiZg":^\ZchX]V[iZc',) XZciZg',) Y^Vad\=Z^\]i',) Y^Vad\AZ[i',) Y^Vad\Ide',) Y^Vad\L^Yi]',) ]Zae',) gZh^oZVWaZ',) hXgZZcM',& hXgZZcN',& hiVijh',) ;ZgchiZjZgjc\',* ;^gZWj\&,)!)** ;^gZ[dm'( [^ghi8]^aY));aVh]*'&!*'. 6Xi^kZMWZgeg[Zc*(% WgdlhZgjcVW]~c\^\Z:g`Zccjc\*('
)NDEX
;aVh];dgih# 8a^eaVYZc*(. ;dgihX]g^iihVcoZ^\Z*(. ^c=IBAZ^cWVjZc*'. ?j`ZWdm*)% b^i?VkVHXg^ei`dbbjc^o^ZgZc*()!*(, Eaj\^cWZgeg[Zc*(& KZgWgZ^ijc\*'& KZg[[Zcia^X]jc\hZ^chiZaajc\Zc*'& L^ZYZg\VWZ*(oddbZc*(. [dg"^c"HX]aZ^[Zc,;dgb"DW_Z`i ZaZbZcih'%+!'%, ;dgbjaVg Vj[:aZbZciZoj\gZ^[Zc'%+ eZg:"BV^akZghZcYZc+*( WZgeg[Zc'%( ;dgbjaVgZaZbZci ineZ'&( ;dgbjaVgWZgeg[jc\'%( VjidbVi^hX]'&( [dg"HX]aZ^[Zc,*!,. ;dgihX]g^iihVcoZ^\Z('. [dglVgY'*)!'** ;gVbZh'**!'.& 9ViZcoj\g^[['.* =^hidgn'*) bZ]gZgZ\aZ^X]oZ^i^\~cYZgc(%' b^i?VkVHXg^ei[aaZc'.) WZg\ZdgYcZi'., jch^X]iWVg*.-!*..!+)& o~]aZc(%) [hXdbbVcY*() ;jc`i^dcZc-Vcdcnb.'!&)* 6coV]aEVgVbZiZg.% Vg\jbZcih.% EVgVbZiZg.% gZijgc-.
;;dgih# igVcheVgZci(&, \d'*) :IZhiZg)* ^["ZahZ"6clZ^hjc\'*' >[gVbZh'*) >>H)()!*+, >bV\Z"DW_Z`i(%. 8VX]Z(&)!('*
( =Z^b`^cd*&=^hidgn'*( ]^hidgn"DW_Z`i'*( WVX`'*) [dglVgY'*) \d'*)!'+( =E"KZg[V]gZc&%' =IBA HdcYZgoZ^X]ZcZghZioZc*-. =IBA8dcigdah*,% =IBAbbZgh^X]iWVg)%) ^ccZg=IBA&((!(.& >ciZgcZi:meadgZg''!(+!). ^hCVC'('!'(+
* ?V]g"'%%%"EgdWaZb., ?V]giVjhZcYlZX]hZa.. ?6G+(( ?VkV('!)-!)--!*)(!+'6aa\ZbZ^cZh*)( 6eeaZi*)+ 9ViZcineZc*)* ;jc`i^dchlZ^hZ*)( ^c=IBA*), @aVhhZc*)* KZXidg**& K^gijVaBVX]^cZ*)) ?VkVHXg^ei 7^Wa^di]Z`Zc)*& Z^cWVjZc), ZmiZgc*A^c`+% cZj^cKZgh^dc*')* cZj^cKZgh^dc+-'& cZj^cKZgh^dc,-') cZj^cKZgh^dc--') cZj^cKZgh^dc.-'* cZj^cKZgh^dc'#%-'* KZgh^dc*& ?VkVHXg^ei9ZWj\\Zg&,) 7gZV`ed^ci&,, LViX]&,_VkVhXg^ei/JGA+%!'.) ?VkVHXg^ei"Egdid`daa+&!'.) ?VkV"JciZghiiojc\*%* ?E:chiVaaVi^dc)(( LZWHZgk^XZ)(, ?HB^c)-?HDC--!&-'!&.,!(+*!)'*
+ @9:)%!,,, `Z^cT`dciZmi+%% @cdee^m)% @cdiZc VeeZcY8]^aY&'. XadcZCdYZ&'. [^ghi8]^aY&']Vh8]^aYCdYZh&'. ^chZgi7Z[dgZ&'. aVhi8]^aY&'cZmiH^Wa^c\&'cdYZCVbZ&'cdYZIneZ&'eVgZciCdYZ&'egZk^djhH^Wa^c\&'gZbdkZCdYZ&'. gZeaVXZCdYZ&'. hZi6iig^WjiZ&'. @dbbZciVg*+ @dbdYd:Y^i'* @dcfjZgdg')!)%!*,. @dciZmibZckZg]^cYZgc+%' @dcigdaahigj`ijgZc,*
, aVYZcTXdaaZXi^dc(). AVj[hX]g^[i'*-!'+% aZ[i(.( aZhZcTXdaaZXi^dc(). A^c`+% A^kZ6jY^d).(!*%( A^kZHXg^ei'' adXVi^dc"DW_Z`i&&.!'+' ]Vh]),( ]gZ[&&.!'+(!(%% egdidXda+( gZadVY'+( gZeaVXZ'+( hZVgX]''+!'..!),&!++,
)NDEX
AdiidoV]aZc&%, Ancm*-
BVXgdbZY^V*'% BV\^X8dd`^Z((BVg`iVciZ^a)( BVi]"DW_Z`i [addg&%) E>&%( edl&%) gVcYdb&%& BVjhWZlZ\jc\&)( BVjh`a^X`kZg]^cYZgc+%% BVjhoZ^\Zg)%& BZi]dYZ.( B^Xgdhd[i6_VmB^c^[^Zg)-B^Xgdhd[i>ciZgcZi:meadgZg(+ B>9>";dgbVi*%% B>B:"Ine).* b^bZIneZh"DW_Z`i).* YZhXg^ei^dc).* ZcVWaZYEaj\^c).* hj[[^mZh).* ineZ).* BdYVaZh;ZchiZg')-!',( BdYjad,&!&%) Bddca^\]i*+& bdkZ7n'-& bdkZId'-& Bdo^aaV'(!((!()!&'*!'*% :gZ^\c^hWZ]VcYajc\&+) beTZcYZ*&+ beTZcYZTgZhZi*&, beT\Zi8dcigdah*&, beT\ZiKdajbZ*&+ beTaVYZTYViZ^*&, beTcc*&) beTdW_*&) beTeaVn*&* beThZi8dcigdah*&beThZiKdajbZ*&+ beThiVgi*&+ beThiVgiTgZhZi*&, Bjai^bZY^V).. Bjh^`*%% 6Xi^kZBdk^Z*%& WgdlhZgjcVW]~c\^\Z6chiZjZgjc\*%*
Bjh^`;dgih# 8a^eaVYZc*%(!*%*!*%. :^cWVj^c=IBA*%% AVjihi~g`Z*%(!*%)!*%, A^kZ6jY^d*%( DW_Z`i*%+ L^ZYZg\VWZ*%&!*%)!*%, L^ZYZg\VWZhiVijh*%'!*%) L^cYdlhBZY^VEaVnZg*%& Ljga^ioZg*&% BjhiZg gZ\ja~gZ6jhYgX`Z'(BnHFA(,,
. CVX]`dbbVVciZ^a&%) cVbZ',, CVk^\Vi^dc''.!(&, cVk^\Vidg"DW_Z`i&&( VeeCVbZ&&) VeeKZgh^dc&&) _VkV:cVWaZY*%*!*). b^bZIneZh).*!*'(!*'*!*(& eaVi[dgb*') eaj\^ch).(!*'* jhZg6\Zci&&) CZihXVeZCVk^\Vidg''!(& cZihXVeZ"DW_Z`i hZXjg^in#Eg^k^aZ\ZBVcV\Zg',% CZlh\gdjeh'+ CZlhi^X`Zg(,* CdiZIVW'* CHEG+(( CHH+(( cjaa.%!'*'
/ DW_Z`iZ.' Z^\ZcZZghiZaaZc&-:^\ZchX]V[iZc.'!&-. ZglZ^iZgc&.@dchigj`idg&-. BZi]dYZc.(!&.% i]^h&-. D978(,, dcX]Vc\Z(-% dcXa^X`+'
)NDEX
dcXdciZmibZcj+%' dcZggdg&+dcZggdg&+dcgZVYnhiViZX]Vc\Z(+% DDE.'!&-& DeZcLZW6eea^XVi^dcHZXjg^inEgd_ZXi DL6HE*.& deZc'+) deZcZg',* DeZgV')!(. DeZgVidgZc Vg^i]bZi^hX]Z+. WddaZhX]Z,& [gOZ^X]Zc`ZiiZc,( Dei^dc"DW_Z`i'(& DHM(-!)& Djiadd`LZW6XXZhh(*-
0 EV\ZHeZZY)-. eV\ZM)%' eV\ZN)%' eVghZ;adVi,)!'&-!'(+ eVghZ>ci,)!'(+!(.( EVhhldgi ~]ca^X]JGA+&* VahJGA+&) ^b?VkV"6eeaZi+'& ^bFjZaaiZmi+&kZghX]ahhZac+&+ EZg[dgbVcXZ)-( EZga&,& EZgbVa^c`),% E=E&,& 7Vc`aZ^ioV]aZc(-% 8VX]^c\kZg]^cYZgc+%. 8dYZ\ZcZg^ZgZc+&% CZlhi^X`Zg(,, EVhhldgihX]jio+') GZ[ZgZg"8]ZX`+&' HZhh^dc"BVcV\ZbZci+') Eaj\^ch).(!)..!*'& B>B:"Ine).* cZjaVYZc).* Oj\g^[[).( eaj\^ch"DW_Z`i).( [^aZcVbZ).)
gZ[gZh]).* edhAZ[i(.( edhIde(.( eg^ci'** Eg^k^aZ\))*!+'-!+'. Eg^k^aZ\ZBVcV\Zg'-( egdbei'&&!'*' egdidineZ&.EgdidineZ7^Wa^di]Z`)+% Ejc`ikdgHig^X],&
1 FjZaaXdYZZ^chZ]Zc*.) eZg9ViZ^hnhiZb*.+ eZg@dciZmibZc*.* eZgBZc*.) eZgIVhiZc`goZa*.* FjZaaZc-&,
2 GVY^dWjiidch'%, X]ZX`ZY'%cVbZ'%, ineZ'&) GZ[ZgZco+.* GZ\:me"DW_Z`i')% ZmZX')' bViX]')' iZhi')& GZ\ja~gZ6jhYgX`Z'(, ?VkVHXg^ei*')* BViX]')& bZ]gZgZIgZ[[Zg')' BZiVoZ^X]Zc'(BjhiZg'(hjX]Zc')& hjX]ZcjcYZghZioZc')( IgZ[[ZgojgX`a^Z[Zgc')& gZbdkZ:kZciA^hiZcZg&+* gZijgc-. gZijgc[VahZ&*'!'%)!'%,!'*& gZijgcigjZ&*'!'%)!'*&!'*, GDI&(+%) gjcVi2*+-
)NDEX
3 HV[Vg^')!)& HVbZDg^\^cEda^Xn(+% HX]aZ^[Zc,* hX]gZ^WZcTXdaaZXi^dc(). hXgZZc"DW_Z`i VkV^a=Z^\]i'-& VkV^aL^Yi]'-& hXg^ei#VXjad#jh7^Wa^di]Z`)+( HXgdaa^c\'-& hZa['),!',*!'.* HZg^Va^h^Zgjc\()* HZgkZghZ^i^\ 7Vc`aZ^ioV]aZc(,. 8dYZ\ZcZg^ZgZc+&% CZlhi^X`Zg(,* KVg^VWaZcoj\g^[[(,& HZgkZghZ^i^\ZEgd\gVbb^Zgjc\'& hZi>ciZgkVa'+' hZiI^bZdji'*H]dgi:kVajVi^dc,' h]dlBdYVa9^Vad\',) H^X]Zg]Z^i*-* 6_Vm*-. ZkVa(+, MHH*-* H^\c^ZgiZH`g^eiZ'+.!+',!+(( H^\cIdda+(( H^akZga^\]i**, Eaj\^c*+& KdgaV\Z[gK^hjVaHijY^d**, M6BA**Oj\g^[[eZg?VkVHXg^ei*+' HD6E)'.!)(& 7dYn)(&!)):ckZadeZ)(& hdjcYTZcYZ*%hdjcYTZcYZTgZhZi*%. hdjcYT\ZiKdajbZ*%hdjcYT^Z*%+ hdjcYTaVYZTYViZ^*%. hdjcYTcc*%* hdjcYTdW_*%+ hdjcYTeVjhZ*%, hdjcYTeaVn*%, hdjcYThZiKdajbZ*%hdjcYThiVgi*%hdjcYThiVgiTgZhZi*%.
hdjcYThide*%, heZ^X]ZgcTXdaaZXi^dc(). HegZVY;^gZ[dm(* HiVijhoZ^aZ'*+ Hig^c\"DW_Z`i'(, X]Vg6i,( [gdb8]Vg8dYZ&+& ^cYZmD[,,!'(, aZc\i],(!-gZeaVXZ')) HdcYZgoZ^X]Zc+, hea^i&-+ hjWhig^c\,(!'(, HjcHe^YZg)-+ hl^iX]"6clZ^hjc\-' YZ[Vjai-(
4 IV\ZhYVijb.+ IZhihnhiZb)* IZmi[ZaYZg'%, ineZ'&) IZmibVg`Z),( i]^h&-.!'),!'.* i]gdl-* I^bZdjih'*-!(%,!(&. ahX]Zc'*. hZioZc'*ide'.,!(.( idHig^c\&-,!(), ign###XViX]-)
5 zWZgeg[jc\h[jc`i^dcZc'(' 9Zo^bVaoV]a'() :"BV^a"6YgZhhZ'(+ '', JGA'+' 7ZhiVcYiZ^aZ'+' BVm^bVaa~c\Z++,
6 K-)-+ KVa^YVi^dc8dcigdah*,+ kVg+-!.& KVg^VWaZc+* 7ddahX]Z+, 9Z`aVgVi^dc+\adWVaZ.&!'*.!(&( ad`VaZ.&!'*. CVbZch\ZWjc\+* cjbZg^hX]Z++ IneZcjblVcYajc\,) kZgiVjhX]Zc&.' OZ^X]Zc`ZiiZc++ K7HXg^ei*% KZc`bVc&,) KZg^h^\c+(( KZgaVj['*( K^hjVaHijY^d'%%-**, K^hjVaLZW9ZkZadeZg)(* Kdaahi~cY^\`Z^ihWZgeg[jc\'%(
7 L(7)( L~]gjc\hgZX]cZg'&LVgZc`dgW+(, ~cYZgc+*(!++(!+,* 6gi^`ZaVcoZ^\Zc+)+!++%!+,% 9ViZchigj`ijg+(:^coZaVch^X]i+),!++&!+,& [aaZc+)(!+*-!++. @ViZ\dg^ZcVcoZ^\Zc+))!+*.!++. b^i8dd`^Zh+*, b^i;gVbZh+)& b^iJGA++, zWZgh^X]i+*& KZg\aZ^X]YZgAhjc\Zc+,+ lVgZc`dgWTVgi^`Za+(-
lVgZc`dgWTZY^i^ZgZcTXdd`^Zh+*lVgZc`dgWTZY^i^ZgZcT[gVbZh+)) lVgZc`dgWTZY^i^ZgZcTjga++. lVgZc`dgWT]^coj[jZ\ZcTXdd`^Zh+*lVgZc`dgWT]^coj[jZ\ZcT[gVbZh+)( lVgZc`dgWT]^coj[jZ\ZcTjga++. lVgZc`dgWT`ViZ\dg^Z+)% lVgZc`dgWTaVYZcTXdaaZXi^dc++lVgZc`dgWTaZhZcTXdaaZXi^dc++lVgZc`dgWThX]gZ^WZcTXdaaZXi^dc++. lVgZc`dgWTheZ^X]ZgcTXdaaZXi^dc++LVgc[ZchiZg')LZW8dcigdah*,( LZWHZgk^XZ)', VhncX]gdc))'!)), VhncX>ckd`Z)), Vj[gj[Zc)(& 7ZhX]gZ^Wjc\)'XVaaHZgk^XZ))' ZcXdYZ)), ?HXg^ei#C:I)(( HZaWhiWZhX]gZ^Wjc\)'. HD6E8Vaa"DW_Z`i))+ HD6EEVgVbZiZg"DW_Z`i))+ jhZHZgk^XZ))' LH9A)'. Oj\g^[[b^i>ciZgcZi:meadgZg))& Oj\g^[[b^iBdo^aaV))* LZW@^i)' LZWbV^a'+* LZ^iZgaZ^ijc\&&.!((' LZgWZWVccZg'+)!)%) l]^aZ"HX]aZ^[Zc,-!,. l^cYdl"DW_Z`i'),!'.& 6Xi^kZMDW_ZXi*%* VaZgi&&.!''&!'),!')WVX`'** 7jWWa^c\&** XVeijgZ:kZcih&)+!&*%!&*) XaZVg>ciZgkVa'+' XaZVgI^bZdji'+% XadhZ',(!',XadhZY',. Xdc[^gb'*% [dglVgY'** [gVbZh(%% ]VcYaZ:kZci&). ^ccZgL^Yi])%* bdkZ7n'-&
)NDEX
l^cYdl"DW_Z`i;dgih# bdkZId'-& cVbZ',, dcZggdg&+deZc'+) deZcZg',* djiZg=Z^\]i'-& djiZgL^Yi]'-& eV\ZMD[[hZi)%* eV\ZND[[hZi)%* eg^ci'** egdbei'&&!'*' gZaZVhZ:kZcih&)+ gdjiZ:kZci&*% hXgdaa'-& hXgdaa7n'-' hXgdaaId'-' hZi>ciZgkVa'+'!+'. hZiI^bZdji'*-!(.) h]dlBdYVa9^Vad\',) hiVijh'*, L^cYdlhBZY^VEaVnZg*%&!*&& WgdlhZgjcVW]~c\^\Z6chiZjZgjc\*&) 8a^eaVYZc*&, =Z^b`^cd*&^c=IBAZ^cWVjZc*&' AVjihi~g`Z*&+ DW_Z`i*&) HiZjZgZaZbZciZVcoZ^\Zc*&, L^ZYZg\VWZ*&* lg^iZ), LH9A)'.!)(. Ljga^ioZg*&%
MBA=iieGZfjZhi"DW_Z`i(*-!(*. VWWgZX]Zc(+, VWdgi(+, 7gdlhZgjciZghiiojc\(*. ZgoZj\Zc(*. \Zi6aaGZhedchZ=ZVYZgh(,% \ZiGZhedchZ=ZVYZg(,% =IIE"6ji]Zci^[^o^Zgjc\(,% dcgZVYnhiViZX]Vc\Z(+% deZc(+% EVgVbZiZg(+' gZVYnHiViZ(+% gZhedchZIZmi(+& gZhedchZMBA(,%!)&& hZiGZfjZhi=ZVYZg(+( hiVijh(,% hiVijhIZmi(,% OjhiVcY(+% MEVi])'% hZaZXiCdYZh)'% hZaZXiH^c\aZCdYZ)'% MEVi]:kVajVidg)'% MHA)&+ IgVch[dgbVi^dc)&, MHH*-*
8
OZ^X]Zc`ZiiZ Hig^c\"DW_Z`i+, O>E+(( Oj[Vaa&%& oj[VaaTYVijb&%* oj[VaaT^ciZgkVaa&%+!&.. Oj[VaahWVccZg&&% Oj[VaahoV]aZc&%& 7ZgZ^X]&%* =E"KZg[V]gZc&%'
M6BA**MBA)&%!)',!)'6?6MHAI)'* 9d`jbZciZghiZaaZc)&) 9d`jbZciaVYZc)&, 9DB)&& LZWHZgk^XZ)',
9 N'@.,!.NHadl)-. NJ>8dbegZhhdg)--
: