Construction Cost Handbook 2016 Vietnam PDF [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD 2

1

4

2

Handbook Cover Photos: 1. Harmony Apartment – Hanoi

3

5

2. Hilton Hanoi Hotel – Hanoi 3. The Estella Height 1 – HCMC 4. Mipec Riverside Residence – Hanoi 5. Saigon Center Phase 2&3 – HCMC

Copyright Statement and information caveat Ninth Edition 2016 © Langdon & Seah Vietnam Co., Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, copied, stored or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from Langdon & Seah Vietnam Co., Ltd. The information contained herein should be regarded as indicative and for general guidance only. Langdon & Seah Vietnam Co., Ltd makes no representation, expressed or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information herein and cannot accept any responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made.

handbook are current as at 4th Quarter 2015.

3

TABLE OF CONTENT

Table of Content

4

Calendars Introduction

6 7

1. CONSTRUCTION COST DATA Construction Market 2016 Outlook Major Rates for Selected Asian Cities Construction Cost Specification Construction Costs for Selected Asian Cities M&E Costs for Selected Asian Cities Utility Costs for Selected Asian Cities

10 18 26 28 36 44

2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA Material Price Indices Import Duties Progress Payments Estimating Rules of Thumb

50 52 53 54

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

3. PROPERTY INVESTMENT

4

Building Control and Procedures Project Closed Out Procedures Typical Submission Flowchart Key Planning Parameter Building Areas Definitions Procurement Strategies Contractor Selection Strategies Property Overview

58 62 63 64 67 72 77 82

4. VIETNAM BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Language

90

Accounting System Banks

90 91

Government Administration

93 94

Taxation Insurance Workforce

98 104

5. OTHER INFORMATION Vietnam Map Domestic Routes Relevant Websites Public Holidays Prime Rates IDD Codes and Time Differences Conversion Factors Some Interesting Facts Vietnam Key Data Arcadis Asia Leadership Team Arcadis Asia Sectors Arcadis Asia Services Directory of offices Acknowledgement

108 109 110 112 121 122 124 126 128 132 134 137 139 155

5

CALENDARS

2016 1 2 31 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

JAN

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

3

4

5

6

7

APR

1 8

2 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31 3

4

5

6

7

1

2

8

9

JUL

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13

FEB

6

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 5 10 11 12

MAR

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

28 29

27 28 29 30 31

1 8

2 9

3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14

MAY

5

6

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 10 11

JUN

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

29 30 31

26 27 28 29 30

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13

AUG

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

SEP

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

28 29 30 31

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

OCT

NOV

DEC

2017 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

JAN

6

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

30 2 3

4

5

6

7

1 8

APR

5

6

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 10 11

FEB

7

1 8

1 5

6

7

JUL

8

2 9

3 4 10 11

MAR

26 27 28 29 30 31

2 9

3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13

MAY

28 29 30 31

4

1 8

26 27 28

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

3

7

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

2

6

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

30 31

5

6

7

1 8

2 9

3 4 5 10 11 12

AUG

4

5

6

7

1 8

2 9

3 10

JUN

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

SEP

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

23 24 25 26 27 28 29

27 28 29 30 31

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 2 31 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

OCT

NOV

DEC

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION 6 future annually published handbooks, focuses on the major cities in Asia. The handbook is structured to serve as a general reference guide on construction cost indicators in Asia. The information contained in this handbook has been compiled by Langdon & Seah Vietnam Co., Ltd. Any further information and/or if advice relating to particular

Langdon & Seah Vietnam Co., Ltd

INTRODUCTION

7

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

Construction Market 2016 Outlook Major Rates for Selected Asian Cities

Construction Costs for Selected Asian Cities M&E Costs for Selected Asian Cities Utility Costs for Selected Asian Cities

1

1

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION MARKET 2016 OUTLOOK 2015 was very important year for our business and we witnessed both a change of brand name and an increase in synergies. In 2016 and as ARCADIS we can now deliver global construction and engineering expertise to all areas within the built and natural environments. We all know Vietnam has experienced a difficult time over the past few years but so also has the rest of the world. We at ARCADIS strongly believe that Vietnam is now positioned for better times ahead and we look forward to being involved in Vietnam ongoing development.

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

As in 2015 much of the press has focused more on politics rather than economic growth. The downturn in China, the raising of interest rates in the USA and potential the UK and geo political tensions all provide reasons to expect lower global growth in 2015 than in previous years.

12 10

Although Global GDP will be lower in 2016 we note that Vietnam GDP growth remains quite strong at circa 6% on 2015 and circa 6.6% in 2016 it will remain largely driven by exports and Foreign Direct Investment. THE GLOBAL ECONOMY 2016 Global GDP in 2015 will grow around 2.0% and the fastest growing region will be Asia but few countries in the region will improve upon their 2014 & 2015 growth. Vietnam will likely be one the fastest growing Asian economy at 6.6% growth. The US and UK are likely to remain the best performing developed economies and Japan will continue its own economic and structural reforms. QE has now stopped in USA and UK where interest rate rises are

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

expected. Europe and Japan will continue their ongoing of QE and China. All commodities will at best be flat in 2016 and this will continue to affect most Emerging Markets. THE VIETNAM ECONOMY 2016 Vietnam will have one of the higher GDP growth rates in the region at circa 6.6% and growth will continue to be fuelled by exports and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Low commodity prices will affect Vietnam exports but we note that due to a greater increase of higher value exports than the commodity downturn will not significantly hamper expert grown. In fact Vietnam balance of payments may improve due to the commodity downturn. The banking sectors non performing loans issues are being rectified and as consequence we do expect an improvement in money supply into the domestic economy. THE VIETNAM CONSTRUCTION MARKET 2016 The market will continue to remain flat and due to limited access to credit. We do expect a greater FDI focus into property development including private investment into the residential market, industrial sector and continued Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) into the infrastructure sector. Global commodity prices will at best be flat in 2016 but from a low base and accordingly construction costs will not increase significantly in 2016.

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

13 11

16 12

555

808

791

811

970

987 1,544 1,557 1,155 969

919

980 1,175 1588 2,013

285

391

2.47 0.98 1.31 1.71 1.27 1.14 1.22 1.97 4.67 6.04 11.50 10.00 11.00 10.05 10.00 10.55 12.35 14.50

No. of Projects

327

5.10 2.57 2.84 3.14 3.00 3.19 4.55 6.84 12.00 21.30 71.73 22.63 18.60 12.70 12.18 20.82 20.23 22.76

Legal Capital (bn US$)

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Registered Capital (bn US$)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Annual Foreign Investment (1998-2015)

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

2,200

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

13

13.42

523

30.69

2,475

Malaysia

No. of Projects

Taiwan

Registered Capital

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2,883

38.41

Japan

4,944

44.90 1,526

34.72 620

19.21

972

15.69

415

7.36

S. Korea Singapore B.V.Islands Hong Kong Thailand

FDI by countries as of Dec 2015

780

10.78

United States

1,284

9.99

China

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA FDI BY SECTORS AS OF DECEMBER 2015 1% 5%

94%

1

16,097

260,944

94%

10,697

160,600

Industry and construction Manufacturing Property

492

50,473

Accommodation

442

11,952

1,258

10,834

95

4,388

Electricity, gas and water production and distribution

108

12,662

Information and Communication

1,254

4,209

Wholesale & Retail; Repair

1,708

4,469

43

1,356

Mining

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

Legal Capital (%)

No. of projects

Construction

18 14

Registered Capital (mn US$)

Sector

Water supply & Waste treatment 2

Agriculture & Forestry & Aquaculture

3

Service

522

3,637

1%

3,310

14,457

5%

Art & Entertainment

143

3,622

Logistics

499

3,786

Finance, Banking & Insurance

82

1,334

Health care & Social welfare

108

1,761

Science & Technology

1,920

2,098

Education and Training

239

709

Administration & Supporting services

167

406

2

3.09

Homecare Others Total

150

742.17

19,929

279,039

100%

(Source: Vietnam Investment Review)

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

1.35

1.65

1.77

2000

(Source: Ministry of Planning and Investment)

1.24

ODA Disbursement

1.50

1998 1999

2.44

0

1

2

ODA Conclusion

Billion US$

3

4

5

6

7

1.50

2.41

1.53

1.81

2001 2002

1.42

1.76

2003

1.65

5.57

2004

1.79

2.52

2005

1.79

2.82

2006

2.18

3.80

2007

2.14

3.46

2008

4.10

5.40

2009

3.54

3.40

2010

3.65

6.80

2011

4.18

5.87

2012

5.13

6.6

2013

5.66

4.38

2014

5.00

3.5

2015

VIETNAM ANNUAL ODA

19 15

5.35

2000

(Source: General Statistics Office)

Construction, % of GDP

-

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

%8

5.80

2001

5.89

2002

6.05

2003

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

6.25

2004

6.36

2005

6.62

2006 6.96

2007 6.49

2008 6.70

2009

7.03

2010

6.41

2011

6.08

2012

5.35

2013

5.33

2014

5.44

2015

1.94

2.07

2.82

3.36

4.03

1.94

5.35

7.51 12.78

Construction, % of GDP

Construction, Real Growth, % y-o-y

5.80

2001

1.63

6.05

2.39

2003

10.57 10.59

5.89

2.07

2002

9.03

6.25

2.82

2004

5.83

10.80

6.36

3.36 6.96

4.95

2007

11.05 12.10

6.62

4.03

2006

2007 2008

4.95

2005

2003 2004 2005 2006

2000

2000 2001 2002

1.63

2.39

Construction Value, US$bn

-

2

4

6

8

10

12

0.02

6.49

5.83

2008

11.36

6.70

6.19

2009

2009 2010

6.19

7.26

Construction Value, US$bn

8.59

6.41

7.86

2011

10.06 (0.97)

7.03

7.26

2010

2.09

6.08

8.59

2012

5.83

5.35

9.14

2013

2011 2012 2013

7.86

9.14

7.07

5.33

9.80

2014

2014

9.80

10.82

5.44

10.39

2015

2015

10.39

22 18

350,000 - 386,900

m3

m3 1,377,900 - 1,522,900

4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials

5. Mass concrete grade 15

17,600 - 19,500

16,000 - 17,700

184,000 - 203,300

235,300 - 260,000

198,000 - 218,800

m

kg

kg

m2

m2

m2

6. Reinforced concrete grade 30

7. Mild steel rod reinforcement

8. High tensile rod reinforcement

9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs

10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls

11. 112.5mm thick brick walls

1,787,400 - 1,975,500

70,400 - 77,800

m3

3. Remove excavated materials off site

3

76,400 - 84,500

m

2. Excavating for footings not exceeding 1.5m deep

68,300 - 75,400

VND

HO CHI MINH#

m3

Unit

3

1. Excavating basement not exceeding 2m deep

DESCRIPTION

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

45 - 50

38 - 45

38 - 45

3.00 - 3.30

3.00 - 3.30

260 - 320

240 - 280

60 - 70

20 - 25

15 - 20

15 - 20

RM

KUALA LUMPUR

700

420

420

22

23

2,600

2,200

650

120

120

120

BAHT

BANGKOK#

17.50

15.00

15.00

0.65

0.65

130.00

124.00

43.00

3.00

3.00

3.50

B$

BRUNEI

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

23 19

283,500 - 313,300

77,700 - 85,800

m2

%

20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces

Average expected preliminaries

55 - 60

6 - 12

3.50 - 4.50

35 - 45

50 - 70

15 - 22

15 - 22

6.00 - 8.00

6.00 - 8.00

350 - 500

12 - 18

120

800

1,200

220

200

55

55

7,000

1,200

The above cost are at 4th Quarter 2015 levels, exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. # Rates are nett of VAT

8 - 12

239,500 - 264,700

m2

17. 20mm Cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls

m2

82,000 - 90,600

m2

16. 25mm Cement and sand (1:3) paving

m

57,400 - 63,500

kg

15. Steelwork - angles, channels, flats and the like

19. 12mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining

28,500 - 31,500

kg

14. Structural steelwork - beams, stanchions and the like

18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (m/s)

26,000 - 28,700

m2

13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed

2

494,200 - 546,200

2,660,000 - 2,940,000

m2

12. "Kliplok Colorbond" 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting

58.00

5-8

5.00

28.00

33.00

8.00

9.00

3.20

3.50

160 - 210

22 20

3,500 42 43

1,050

1,200

10

m3

3

11. 112.5mm thick brick walls

170

170

2

m2

m

10

190

8. High tensile rod reinforcement

kg

kg

7. Mild steel rod reinforcement

m2

m

6. Reinforced concrete grade 30

5. Mass concrete grade 15

370

m3

N/A

850

900

2,750

784

145

38

m3

250

45

m

3. Remove excavated materials off site

220

PHP

MANILA

2. Excavating for footings not exceeding 1.5m deep

35

RP’000

JAKARTA#

m3

Unit

3

1. Excavating basement not exceeding 2m deep

DESCRIPTION

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

35.00-40.00

42.00

42.00

1.20-1.30

1.20-1.30

130.00-135.00

190.00-200.00

50.00

15.00-20.00

20.00

20.00

S$

SINGAPORE**

420

420

420

9.50

9.50

1,400

1,200

950

280

205

225

HK$

HONGKONG

72

73

85

4.00

4.00

517

433

170

37

31

26

RMB

BEIJING

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

21 25

m2 m2

m2 m2

%

17. 20mm Cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls

19. 12mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining

20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces

Average expected preliminaries

6 - 10

12 - 18

250 275 1,600 965 220

95 95

25 25

60 75 160 150 25

1,100 10,500

250 1,200

13 - 17

21.00 22.00 74.00 30.00 3.50-4.00

4.80-5.80 4.80-5.80

43.00 290.00

10 - 15

140 145 380 570 60

38 42

880 2,950

The above cost are at 4th Quarter 2015 levels, exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. # Rates are nett of VAT ** Rates are nett of GST Jakarta - Item 19 - 9 mm gypsum board Manila - Item 13 - Aluminium with anodized finish; 6mm thick Singapore - Item 5 - Rate for lean concrete blinding Hong Kong - Item 3 - Rate including dumping charges Beijing - Item 13 - rate for double glazed window

18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (m/s)

m2

m2 m2 kg kg

16. 25mm Cement and sand (1:3) paving

15. Steelwork - angles, channels, flats and the like

14. Structural steelwork - beams, stanchions and the like

13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed

12. "Kliplok Colorbond" 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting

7 - 10

27 28 140 162 32

9.35 8.50

N/A 815

22

3.40

84

84

85

kg

m2

m2

10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls

11. 112.5mm thick brick walls

3.40

kg

7. Mild steel rod reinforcement

m2

420

m3

6. Reinforced concrete grade 30

9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs

320

m3

8. High tensile rod reinforcement

165

m

5. Mass concrete grade 15

98

m3

3. Remove excavated materials off site

4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials

30

3

30

m3

2. Excavating for footings not exceeding 1.5m deep

RMB

m3

Unit

SHANGHAI

1. Excavating basement not exceeding 2m deep

DESCRIPTION

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

60

80

80

5.00

5.00

484

449

180

65

25

30

RMB

SHENZHEN /GUANG-ZHOU

65

50

50

3.50

3.50

360

340

150

52

25

18

RMB

CHONGQING / CHENGDU

70

90

90

4.20

4.20

500

410

150

35

25

22

RMB

SHENYANG

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

23

150

39

m2

%

20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces

Average expected preliminaries

N/A

5 - 10

30

180

150

25

30

8.00

10.00

525

N/A

5 - 10

35

120

120

32

28

8.50

8.50

700

The above cost are at 4th Quarter 2015 levels, exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. Shanghai - Item 11 - Rate for 120mm thick concrete block walls Chongqing/Chengdu, Shenyang - Item 13 - rate for double glazed window

5 - 10

155

m2

17. 20mm Cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls

m2

26

m2

16. 25mm Cement and sand (1:3) paving

m

25

kg

15. Steelwork - angles, channels, flats and the like

19. 12mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining

8.00

kg

14. Structural steelwork - beams, stanchions and the like

18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (m/s)

10.00

m2

13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed

2

N/A

690

m2

12. "Kliplok Colorbond" 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting

N/A

5 - 10

30

120

165

26

25

9.80

9.80

700

22 24

4.20

92

92

70

kg

m2

m2

m2

9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs

10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls

11. 112.5mm thick brick walls

4.20

8. High tensile rod reinforcement

500

3

kg

420

m3

5. Mass concrete grade 15

m

170

m3

4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials

7. Mild steel rod reinforcement

30

3. Remove excavated materials off site

6. Reinforced concrete grade 30

33

m

m3

2. Excavating for footings not exceeding 1.5m deep

28

RMB

DALIAN

m3

Unit

3

1. Excavating basement not exceeding 2m deep

DESCRIPTION

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

500

280

280

8.00

8.00

1,300

1,400

1,100

90

140

120

MOP

MACAU

940

650

600

65

63

6,850

5,650

4,025

NA

195

175

Rs

INDIA@

44,700

29,400

29,400

1,280

1,240

78,000

64,400

29,200

9,900

1,930

1,930

KRW

SEOUL^^

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

29 25

140

32

m2

%

20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces

Average expected preliminaries

N/A

6 - 12

200

650

500

150

120

43

38

4,000

8 - 12

210

1,100

1,450

340

400

103

103

5,250

1,425

39,300

6 - 11

7,870

26,500

64,400

9,300

3,160

1,660

1,660

321,000

The above cost are at 4th Quarter 2015 levels, exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. @ All rates above are Supply & Fix based on projects in Bangalore and are nett of VAT and Service Tax. Mumbai costs are generally 8% higher ^^ Rates include labour costs and are nett of VAT Dalian - Item 13 - rate for double glazed window

5 -10

140

m2

17. 20mm Cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls

m2

40

m2

16. 25mm Cement and sand (1:3) paving

m

37

kg

15. Steelwork - angles, channels, flats and the like

19. 12mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining

9.80

kg

14. Structural steelwork - beams, stanchions and the like

18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (m/s)

9.80

m2

13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed

2

N/A

700

m2

12. "Kliplok Colorbond" 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting

30 26

Detached houses, high end

Terraced houses, average standard

Apartments, high rise, high end

HOTELS

INDUSTRIAL

OUTLINE SPECIFICATION

RC structure with steel roof and M&E to main distribution, but excluding a/c, heating and lighting

Including public area fit-out and M&E, but excluding shop fit-out

RC structure, curtain wall, including public area fit-out, tenant area with raised floor/carpet, painted wall and false ceiling

Apartment units with fit-out, including air-conditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings and loose furniture Apartment units with good quality fit-out, including air-conditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings and loose furniture Houses with fit-out, including air-conditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings, loose furniture, garden and parking Houses with good quality fit-out, including air-conditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings, loose furniture, garden and parking

Luxury hotels - 5-star

Business hotels - 4/5-star

Budget hotels - 3-star, mid market

1) Interior decoration 2) Furniture (fixed and movable) 3) Special light fittings (chandeliers, etc.) 4) Operating Supplies and Equipment (OS&E) excluded

Owner operated factories, low rise, light weight industry RC structure, including small office with simple fit-out and M&E, but excluding a/c and heating

Medium/high rise offices, average standard High rise offices, prestige quality OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Out-of-town shopping centre, average standard Retail malls, high end Industrial units, shell only (Conventional single storey framed units)

DOMESTIC

Apartments, high rise, average standard

BUILDING

LANGDON & SEAH VIETNAM CO., LTD

1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST SPECIFICATION

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

31 27

Including fit-out and a/c, but excluding educational equipment

Including fit-out, loose furniture and a/c

Dry sports (no swimming pool) and are for 'leisure centre' type schemes including main sports hall, ancillary sports facilities, changing and showers, restaurant / cafe, bar, etc. Costs include a/c, Furniture, Fittings and Equipment (FF&E).

Excluding medical and operating equipment

Schools (primary and secondary)

Students' residences

Sports clubs, multi purpose sports/leisure centres (dry sports)

General hospitals - public sector

5. All costs are in US$/m2 CFA. Fluctuation in exchange rates may lead to changes in construction costs expressed in U.S. dollars.

4. The standard for each category of building varies from region to region and do not necessary follow that of each other.

The cost excludes site formation works, external works, land cost, professional fees, finance and legal expenses.

3. All bulidings are assumed to have no basements (except otherwise stated) and are built on flat ground, with normal soil and site condition.

lift shafts, stairwells, balconies, plant rooms, water tanks and the like.

2. The costs per square metre are based on Construction Floor Areas (CFA) measured to the outside face of the external walls / external perimeter including

building will depend upon the design and many other factors and may vary from the figures shown.

1. The costs for the respective categories given above are averages based on fixed price competitive tenders. It must be understood that the actual cost of a

Notes:

OTHERS

RC structure

Multi storey car parks, above ground (