Wspieranie ekonomii społecznej  
 838941046X, 9788389410467 [PDF]

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Zitiervorschau

5

Wspieranie ekonomii spoïecznej pod redakcjÈ

Jerzego Hausnera

5 Wspieranie ekonomii VSRïHF]QHM

Kraków 2008

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Zmiany w otoczeniu prawnym ES

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Promocja koncepcji SAV

Mierzenie SAV

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