Word Formation FCE [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

Word Formqtion Prelixes are syllables which we add before certain words to form new words. The meaning of the new word depends on the prefix that has been used.

antF

-

= against (antisocial)

bi- = two (biannual) co- = with (co-driver) counter- = in the opposite direction (counteract) ex-

-

pack

-al -ance

arrive

-ence

-ion -ment -sion -sis -tion

inter- = between (international) mis- = done wrongly or badly (misiudge) mono- = one (monologue) multi- = many (multicultural) noh- = nol (non-smoker) out- = more, betler (outgrow)

-ure -v

ov€r- = (done) to a great extent (overconfident) post- - after (postgraduate) pre- = before (prehistoric) Pro- = in favour of (proactive) ne- = again (reconsider) semi- = halt (semi-final)

-

sub- = under, less (subzero,) super- = big, more (supersfar) trans- = (travel) lrom one side, group etc to another

The prefixes below are used to express opposite meanings.

de- deactivate,dehydration dis- disability,disagree in- inactive, inexistent BUT il- (before l) illegible unreliable

-ic -ical -ish

- enthusi astic auto b iog ra p hy - auto b i o g ra p h ica I child

-

-ive

effect

-

-lul

care - caretul breath - breafhless dominance - dominant comfort - comfortable rock - rocky week - weekly

-ly

-able -ible

Suflixes are syllables which we add to the end of

-ive -ate

certain words to form new words.

-ent

.

. .

'ing invent

-

-ed

burglar)

noun/verb/adjective + -lst (science - sclentist, pacify - pacifist active - activist) verb + -anU-ent (assisf - assisfant, correspondcorrespondent) noun + -an/-lan (republic - republican, diet dietician) verb + -ee (train - trainee)

-

dangerous

-

env i ro n m

e

ntal

enfhusrast

childish effective

Adjectives formed lrom verbs

Some prefixes are added to words to form verbs. en- circle - encircle BUTem- (before b, m, p) body-embody,empower

.

honesty

danger

'v

-

-

honest

envi ron ment

unemployed, unlucky

- manager,

- uni$

-al

non-smokefnon-stop

inventor, burgle

unite

-ous

-less -ant -able

im- (before b, m, p) imbalance,immoral, improbable ir- (before r) irregular BUT

Nouns referring to people . verb + -er/-orl-ar (manage

package - arrival accept - acceptance alter - alteration reside - resldence edit - edition base - basement conclude - conclusion analyse - analysis recognise - recognition depart - departure

Adjectives formed lrom nouns

under- = not enough (undercooked) uni- = one (unicycle)

-

-

Nouns formed from adjectives -ance arrogant - arrogance -cy fluent - fluency -ence convenient - convenience -ion direct - direction -iness happy - happiness -ness conscious - consciousness major - majority 'ity -ty cruel - cruelty

'v

(transatlantic) tri- = three (triathlon)

un-

'age

-ation

previous, former (ex-wife)

non- unrealistic,

Nouns formed from verbs

-

-

believe access

-

believable accessible exhaust - exhaustive consider - considerate depend - dependent frighten - frightening (describes what someone or something is) interest - interested (describes how someone feels)

Verbs formed from adjectives

-

-en

short

-lse

modern

shorten - modernise

Verbs formed from nouns length

- lengthen

Word Formqtion Il

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold using the appropriate prefix. Students organised a(n) around the world.

2 3

6 7 8 9

10 11 12

13 14 15 16

............

Mary is A ................ during a flight. The football team launched a

protest against conflicts

......... as she speaks both English and ltalian fluently. is always on board the aircraft to assist the captain

......... flights in over 69 countries United Airlines covers worldwide. Please don't ........... me; I don't mean to be rude. Jack is a ............ and owns his own private jet and island. Access to the swimming pool is prohibited to ............... Jake always tries to ......... everybody else in the class. Make sure you don't ......... as you will miss the train. Matthew enrolled to do a ......... course after completing his first degree. young children learn important social By attending a ................ skills by interacting with other children. I was asked to ............... my assignment all over again as my professor thought it was unsatisfactory. The Smiths thought it would be better to move into a ......... house in the suburbs. She used the ............. to get to the other side of the road much

CONTINENTAL

..........

Spiderman is a fictional, comic book special powers.

18

Many police officers and firefighters often complain that they are ......... for the dangerous work that they do. This school requires all students to wear a ................

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12

PILOT ATTACK

17

El

LINGUAL

........... against their opponent and scored. After linalising their divorce, Jane has no contact whatsoever with her

safely.

19

WAR

who has lots of

HUSBAND

UNDERSTAND

MILLIONAIRE MEMBERS DO

SLEEP GRADUATE

scHooL WRITE DETACHED WAY

HERO

PAID everyday.

FORM

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns referring to people. A qualified ski ........... will show you how to use the necessary equipment. ......... to help her get back into shape. She hired a fitness Ralph pursued a highly successful musical career as a ........... and composer. A Clinic is looking for an experienced ......... for its medical

INSTRUCT TRAIN PIANO TYPE

office.

Samantha is a qualified ............. and holds teaching seminars in different countries around the world. Pedro claims to be a ......... of King Juan Carlos I of Spain. Jane is currently a medical ......... at Harvard University. David Copperfield is a world famous and successful .............. who's won lots of awards. Local ......... decided to set up a neighbourhood watch. The examiner asked the ............. to compare the two pictures. The radio station reported an increase in ............... this year. You should be careful when driving to look out for

EDUCATIONAL DESCEND STUDY MAGIC RESIDE EXAMINE LISTEN CYCLE

Word Formqtion Et

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from verbs.

1 To get to the caf6 you have to walk down a narrow 2 The campaign aims to draw

people's

3 4 5 6 7

I I

10 11

12

PASS

......... to the harmful

effects of pollution on the environment. There seems to be extreme ................

between the two companres. Whatever you choose is really just a matter of personal ................. I have household ......... in case I ever get burgled. Jim has announced his .............. to step down as manager. They were very lucky to escape the accident without The university required a letter of ............... ........ with my application form. The car broke down due to engine This manual provides a clear ......... of how to install the program on your computer. We accept cards and cash as methods of ............... Our school puts great .... on communication and social skills.

H Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming nouns from adjectives. 1 Her ......... as a film star has earned her much success within the industry. Sandra is trying to improve her every day.

.............

by cycling to work

............ between NewYork City and Los Angeles is about 3,960km. 4 Many celebrities do not want their ........... invaded by reporters. 5 The lawyer hoped that the new evidence would prove his defendant's The

6 7

I

El 1

2

4

6 7 8 9 10 11

12

He tries to

Fred's

achieve

Samuel had

............

......... in everything that he does. ......... to his lriends is his best feature. in understanding the maths exercise.

ATTEND COMPETE PREFER INSURE DECIDE INJURE RECOMMEND FAIL EXPLAIN PAY

EMPHASISE

POPULAR FIT DISTANT PRIVATE

INNOCENT PERFECT LOYAL DIFFICULT

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from nouns. Susie is really .......... she paints the most beautiful paintings. It was great to see the villagers performing their ........... dance during the festival. The ............ model of the computer costs less and has fewer features. My school was founded by a very ......... man who believed education should be free. He's my favourite sportsman because he's such a(n) ............ athlete. My dog might look mean but he's completely ............ The Adder is the only ......... snake in Britain. Make sure you arrange the liles in ............... ............. order. My little brother is such a(n) ............ child; he's always running around. I wish I could buy that watch, but it's too ............. for me. fish inside. Sandra has an aquarium with lots of ............... My father is a very sensible person, who always makes decisions.

ART TRADITION BASE WEALTH

BRILLIANCE HARM POISON

ALPHABET ENERGY EXPENSE COLOUR LOGIC

Word Formqtion ffiil 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming adiectives from verbs.

I don't think this car is very lt keeps breaking down. Julie is a very ......... woman;she's so pretty. Susan is a(n) ......... girl that you can always rely on. lt was very ........... of you to help out at the fundraiser. That was a(n) . fitm. I reaily enjoyed it. Completing the marathon was a . experience. Tom was ............ ........ by the news that his sister was getting married.

El

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming verbs from adjectives/nouns.

1

to

the screw as much as you can so it won't

You have come loose.

............... ............... ............

2 The youth center started a campaign to 3 You can do these simple exercises to 4 Laura loves going out and

street out.

your muscles. with her friends at

weekends. Anne's nail varnish takes five minutes to ...............

Ef, 1

TIGHT LEGAL STRENGTH

soctAL HARD

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold forming the opposite from the words given. He felt like he had been working desperately needed a holiday.

................

all year and

2 I strongly ......... having to wait in long queues. 3 Our trip to Venice was an ......... experience. 4 The company's estimate of the cost of the project was completely 5 6

RELY

ATTRACT RESPOND CONSIDER EXCEL SATISFY DELIGHT

lt is quite

LIKE FORGETTABLE ACCURATE

..........

Some food starts to fridge.

7 lt is 8 lt's almost

STOP

...............

for her to be late for work. when you leave it out of the

......... in most countries to drive under the age of 18. ......... that we'll finish this task by the required

USUAL COMPOSE

LEGAL POSSIBLE

deadline.

9 One 10

children to play in. Tim is reading a(n)

......... of living in the city is the lack of safe areas for

............

book about important events in

ADVANTAGE FICTION

history.

11 Consuming too many sweets and fatty foods 12 The fall in house prices could ......... 13 This information is completely 14 15 16

can be seriously the economy.

......... to what we're discussing here. Seeing James after such a long time was really an surprise. With the unemployment rate going up, more and more people are feeling ......... about their jobs. Tom can be quite so I wouldn't count on him if I were

HEALTHY

STABILISE RELEVANT EXPECTED

SECURE

RELIABLE

you.

17 Jack is so .............. ..............; he can be really childish at times. 18 Helen was being very .........;she wouldn't listen to me at all! 19 I need to change my clothes;these ones are very 20 Since it's already 6 pm, it's ....... that we'll get home by 7 pm.

MATURE

REASONABLE COMFORTABLE LIKELY

'l

Word Formotion El 1

2 3 4 5 6

8

I

10 11

12 13

't4 15 16

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold. Each part of the organisation She leads quite an

operates

......... of the others. . life travelling and exploring new places.

Leonardo da Vinci's ......... of the flying machine was inspired by the flight of winged animals such as bats and birds. Samuel dreamed of becoming a ................ footballer one day. John made his first stage ......... on Broadway at the age of 13. We put all our camping ......... in the boot of our car and headed off to the mountains. We're still in ............... with the management about the new changes within the company. The ............ of the fire made me feel very sleepy. ......... enough, she agreed to lend me her car. She had the ............. to carry on even after she felt exhausted. The Da Vinci Code was one of the most ......... books I have ever read. His paintings are .......... of modern culture. The train system within the city of Melbourne follows a ................ .. loop. It is a basic ......... for us to have good knowledge of the French language. James is a member of his local ........... club where he specialises in the long jump. Although we didn't believe him, he claimed that he was telling us nothing but the

Maria's l'm working on a ...........

DEPENDENT ADVENTURE INVENT FAME

APPEAR EQUIP AGREE WARM SURPRISE STRONG FASCINATE

SYMBOL CIRCLE REQUIRE ATHLETE

TRUE

17 We were amazed by

INTELLIGENT

18 19

CONSERVE ORIGIN

......... and stunning beauty. project to save local wildlife. Danny lives in Astoria, NewYork, but is .......... from Sicily in Italy.

20 The ............ of America was a turning point in European history. 21 White water rafting is considered to be a dangerous and ............ sport. 22 Your life changes ......... when you have children. 23 This mysterious masterpiece was painted by a(n) artist of the 19th century. 24 Unfortunately, she is a(n) candidate for the required position. 25 The new amusement park is bound to provide lots of for people of all ages. 26 Medical experts stress the of healthy eating and exercise for a person's well-being. 27 The World Cup final in Brazil attracted more than 70,000

.............

28 Her dreams had finally become a ................ when she signed her first record deal. 29 Dishes in each region of ltaly have their own ........... flavours. 30 Albert Einstein was a ......... in the field ol physics and is famous for his theory of relativity. 31 The prime minister promised that his government would maintain its commitment to economic ......... and growth. 32 The ............ of their information can only be verified by the authorities. 33 His behaviour at times can be quite .......... - he often has mood swings. 34 We need to ............... that all our citizens receive adequate medical care.

DISCOVER

CHALLENGE DRAMA KNOWN SUIT ENTERTAIN IMPORTANT

SPECTATE

REAL CHARACTER RESEARCH

STABLE ACCURATE PREDICT SURE

Word Formqtion 35 36 37

38 39 40 41

42

43 44

45 46 47

We've tried to make our new line of clothing more .......... .................. to young people. The ......... in their features clearly indicate that they are siblings. Many people are concerned nowadays about the ............... of the world's rainforests. Germany is considered to be a leading of automobiles. Belgium is well-known for ......... of fine chocolate. The World ......... will be held in Madrid, Spain this year. Toby hopes to pass his ......... and enter university. Tom has recently become the of an international finance company. We'd be more than ......... to come over for dinner on Saturday night. They support each other in every possible way and have a bond which seems

............

.............

its Basketball exams .............

He has achieved remarkable ......... as an author of children's books. At our school, English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are ......... subjects. The seminar covered the ............. of popular music over the

APPEAL SIMILAR DESTROY MANUFACTURE PRODUCE CHAMPION SUCCESS DIRECT DELIGHT

BREAK SUCCEED

OPTION DEVELOP

years.

48 ln ...............

COMPARE

49 50

BEHAVE PROTECT

51

52 53 54 55 56 57 58

59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

to her other classmates, Cynthia was the only student to have read over 50 books during the school year. Tom's ......... at times can be quite appalling. New laws still do not offer adequate ......... for many endangered species. Courses vary ........... in length and difficulty. Our cruise of the Caribbean lslands was a ...... experience. The substantial ............. in the number of jobs recenfly is sure to help the economy. There was not enough ......... to convict him of the crime. The council will finally fund the ......... of a sports centre. New investments in the company will enable it to compete ................ Be careful driving home, the roads have got very ........... The school has made some ......... changes to its curriculum this year. ltaly is a Southern ......... country. Winning first place in the competition made him very ........... Ann works for a ........... sports wear company. He provided the police with some ......... information. Yesterday's opera performance was rather This ltalian restaurant offers a wide ........... of ltalian dishes. Your ........... is requested in the managers office. We had a special ......... at the fundraising event. lt's .............. that we won't get to see you when we are in town. Davie wants to be a(n) ......... and visit far off lands. lt took a(n) ............ effort by everyone involved to get the project finished. Some people find shopping online very ...........

CONSIDER MEMORY GROW EVIDENT CONSTRUCT

GLOBAL

tcE SIGNIFY EUROPE PRIDE

LEAD VALUE IMPRESS VARIOUS PRESENT VISIT FORTUNATE EXPLORE ORDINARY RISK

,l