Thì tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần [PDF]

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THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN VÀ THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN 1. Khái niệm:  Thì tương lai đơn trong tiếng anh (Simple future tense) được dùng khi không có kế hoạch hay quyết định làm gì nào trước khi chúng ta nói. Chúng ta ra quyết định tự phát tại thời điểm nói. Thường sử dụng thì tương lai đơn với động từ to think trước nó. Thì tương lai gần (Near future tense) dùng để diễn tả một kế hoạch, dự định cụ thể có tính toán trong tương lai không xa. Công thức: S + is/ am/ are + going to + V.   2. Công thức Thì Tương lai đơn & Tương lai gần: THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN

1. To be:

1. To be: 

S+ will/shall + be + Adj/noun

S+be going to+be+adj/noun

Ex: He will probably become a successful

Ex: She is going to be an actress soon

businessman 2. Verb:

2. Verb: S + be going to + V-infinitive

S+will/shall+V-infinitive

Ex: We are having a party this weekend

Ex: Ok. I will help you to deal with this. 3, Am/Is/Are + S + going to + verb? 3, Will + S + verb? (Từ để hỏi) is/ are + S + going to + verb? (Từ để hỏi) will + S + verb? 3. Cách sử dụng: THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN

1. Diễn đạt một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm

1. Diễn đạt một kế hoạch, dự định (intention,

nói (On-the-spot decision)

plan)

Ex: 

Ex:

- Hold on. I‘ll geta pen.

-  I have won $1,000. I am going to buya new

- We will seewhat we can do to help you. 2. Diễn đạt lời dự đoán không có căn cứ Ex:  - People won’t goto Jupiter before the 22nd century.

TV. -  When are you going to goon holiday? 2. Diễn đạt một lời dự đoán dựa vào bằng chứng (evidence) ở hiện tại Ex: 

- Who do you think will getthe job?

- The sky is very black. It is going to snow.

3. Signal Words:

- I crashed the company car. My boss isn’t

I think; I don't think; I am afraid; I am sure that; I fear that; perhaps; probably

going to bevery happy! 3. Signal words: Những evidence ở hiện tại

4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết a. Thì tương lai đơn Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: – in + thời gian: trong … nữa (in 2 minutes: trong 2 phút nữa) – tomorrow: ngày mai – Next day: ngày hôm tới – Next week/ next month/ next year: Tuần tới/ tháng tới/ năm tới Trong câu có những động từ chỉ quan điểm như: –  think/ believe/ suppose/ …: nghĩ/ tin/ cho là b. Thì tương lai gần Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai gần bao gồm các trạng từ chỉ thời gian ở tương lai giống dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai đơn. Nhưng có thêm những căn cứ hay những dẫn chứng cụ thể. 

in + thời gian: trong … nữa (in 5 minutes: trong 5 phút nữa)



tomorrow: ngày mai



Next day: ngày tới



Next week/ next month/ next year: Tuần tới/ tháng tới/ năm tới

Ex:Tomorrow I am going to visit my parents in Da Nang. / Ngày mai tôi sẽ đi thăm bố mẹ ở Đà Nẵng. Bài 1: Dùng từ gợi ý viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh 1. He/ wish/ Bin/ come/party/ next week. 2. If/ she/ not/ learn/ very hard/,/she/not/ pass/ test. 3. Minh/ take/ the zoo/ next Sunday? 4. I/ believe/ Huynh/ recover/ illness/ soon. 5. They/ drink/ in the same restaurant/ next week. Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc. 1. I (do)__________it for you tomorrow. 2. My father (call)_____________you in 5 minutes. 3. We believe that she (recover)_______________from her illness soon. 4. I promise I (return)______________to school on time.

5. If it rains, he (stay)____________at home. 6. You (take) me to the zoo this weekend? 7. I think he (not come)_______________back his hometown. Bài 3: Hoàn thành các câu sau: 1. A: “There's someone at the door.” B: “I _________________________ (get) it.” 2. Joan thinks the Conservatives ________________ (win) the next election. 3. A: “I’m going to move my house tomorrow.” B: “I _________________________ (come) and help you.” 4. If she passes the exam, she _________________________ (be) very happy. 5. I _________________________ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise. 6. A: “I’m cold.” B: “I _______________________ (turn) on the fire.” 7. A: “She's late.” B: “Don't worry she _________________________ (come).” 8. The meeting _________________________ (take) place at 6 p.m. 9. If you eat all of that cake, you _________________________ (feel) sick. 10. They _________________________ (be) at home at 10 o'clock. Bài 4: Hoàn thành các câu sau: 1.I'm afraid I _________________________ (not/ be) able to come tomorrow. 2. Because of the train strike, the meeting _________________________ (not/ take) place at 9 o'clock. 3. A: “Go and tidy your room.” B: “I _________________________ (not/ do) it!” 4. If it rains, we _________________________ (not/ go) to the beach. 5. In my opinion, she _________________________ (not/ pass) the exam. 6. A: “I'm driving to the party, would you like a lift?” B: “Okay, I _________________________ (not/ take) the bus, I'll come with you.” 7. He _________________________ (not/ buy) the car, if he can't afford it. 8. I've tried everything, but he _________________________ (not/ eat). 9. According to the weather forecast, it _________________________ (not/ snow) tomorrow. 10. A: “I'm really hungry.” B: “In that case we _________________________ (not/ wait) for John. Bài 5: Viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh dựa vào những từ gợi ý: 1. She/ hope/ that/ Mary/ come/ party/ tonight. - She hopes that Mary will come to the party tonight. 2. I/ finish/ my report/ 2 days. _________________________________________

3. If/ you/ not/ study/ hard/ ,/ you/ not/ pass/ final/ exam. _________________________________________ 4. You/ look/ tired/ ,/ so/ I/ bring/ you/ something/ eat. _________________________________________ 5. you/ please/ give/ me/ lift/ station ? _________________________________________ I. Hãy viết các câu sau ở thì tương lai gần. "be going to+V" 1. My father/go on/ diet. 2. He/ not/ drink so much beer. 3. What/ you/ do/ tonight? 4. you/have/haircut? 5. Lan/ tidy/ her bed room. 6. she/ copy/ the chapter. 7. he/ criticise/ you. 8. I/ defend/ my point of view. 9. they/ discuss/ the problem. 10. he/ reach/ his goal. 11. the robber/ rob/ another bank. 12. we/ explore/ a new territory. 13. they/ rescue/ the girl. II. Chia động từ ở thì Tương lai đơn hoặc tương lai gần. 1. "I am not going to play soccer this afternoon." 2. "What ______ you_____________ (do)?" 3. Look at those clouds. It __________________________ (rain) 4. I feel terrible. I think I ______________________(be) sick. 5. "Tom had an accident last night." "Oh! I see I_____________ (visit) him" 6. I think Li Li ________________ (like) the present we bought for her. 7. We ___________________ visit our grand parents this evening. 8. "Nam phoned you while you were out." "OK. I ________________(call) him back." 9. I am tidy the room. I _________________________ (hold) my birthday tonight. 10. I ____________________ (see) the movie Dream City this evening. 11. "Don't play soccer here again." "I'm sorry. I _______________ (do) that again. III. Hoàn thành bài tập trắc nghiệm 1. It (rain). A. Is going to rain

B. Are going to

C. Rain

D. Raining

2. They (eat) stew. A. Are going to eat

B. Will eat

C. Shall eat

D. Are eating

3. I (wear) blue shoes tonight. A. Will wear

B. Shall wear

C. Am going to wear

B. Are not going to help

C. Will help

4. We (not / help) you. A. Do not help

D. Help

IV. Chọn đáp án đúng. 1. I (have)___________ a good time tonight. A. is going to have

B. are going to have

C. am going to have

2. Janet (help)___________ me. A. is going to help

B. are going to help

C. am going to help

3. (he/ drive)__________ the car? A. is he going to drive

B. am he going to drive

C. are he going to drive

4. We (stay)__________ at home tonight. A. are going to stay

B. am going to stay

C. is going to stay

5. (you/ play)__________ tennis with Jenny? A. am you going to play

B. is you going to play

C. are you going to play

6. We (watch)________ a film tonight. A. am going to watch

B. is going to watch

C. are going to watch

7. (you/ look)_____________ for a job? A. are you going to look

B. is you going to look

C. am you going to look

B. am he going to eat out

C. are he going to eat out

8. (he/ eat out)__________ tonight? A. is he going to eat out

9. She (buy)_____________ a lot of things for the party. A. is going to buy

B. are going to buy

C. am going to buy

10. They (not/ walk)__________ to the railway station. A. are not going to walk

B. am not going to walk

V. Viết lại các câu hỏi sau với be going to 1. Where / we / eat tonight. 2. What / he / do tomorrow. 3. What / I / eat for lunch. 4. Who / carry the shopping for me. 5. What time / you / phone me. 6. When / you / give me a present. 7. How much longer / it / take. 8. Where / Paul / sleep. 9. Why / people / go there. 10. How much wine / they / drink. VI. Chọn đáp án đúng

C. is not going to walk

1. I think the exam will be very difficult and you are not studying at all. A. you are not going to fail the exam B. you are not passing the exam C. you are not going to pass the exam 2. Get down off that table. It doesn't look very stable at all. A. you are going to stand on the table B. you are going fall off the table C. you are going to fall off the table 3. The lion is chasing the deer and the deer has an injured leg. A. the deer is going to escape B. the lion is going to catch the deer C. the deer is going to catch the lion 4. It is raining very hard and Liam is walking in the street without an umbrella. A. Liam is going to get very wet B. it is going to rain C. Liam is going to forget his umbrella 5. The wind is blowing very hard and one of the big trees in the garden is making strange creaking noises. A. it is going to rain B. the tree is going to creak C. the tree is going to fall down 6. The room is full of dust and John is holding his nose and making a strange expression with his face. A. John is going to clean the room B. John is going sneeze C. John is going to sneeze 7. The Chicago Bulls are winning the basketball match against the Los Angeles Lakers by 98 points to 81. There are only 90 seconds left. A. the LA Lakers going to lose the match B. the Chicago Bulls will winning the match C. the Chicago Bulls are going to win the match 8. It is raining and the sky is very dark. The temperature is falling very quickly and there are gritting lorries out in the town. A. there is going to be bad weather B. it is going to snow C. it is going to cold 9. Molly is an emotional type. She is watching a very sad film and the heroine has just died. Molly is reaching for her tissues. A. Molly is going to cry

B. Molly is going to telephone her friend C. Molly is going to watch a film 10. The fishing boat has a hole in its side and the waves are getting higher and higher. A. The fishing boat is going to sink B. The fishing boat going to sink C. The fishing boat is going to the home port Bài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng 1. He …………….. arrive on time. a. will      b. is      c.not 2. Will your folks …………….. before Tuesday? a. leaving       b. leave 3. I don’t ……………..go swimming today. a. think I      b. think I’ll      c. thinking 4. It ……………..tomorrow. a. will snow      b. snows      c. is snowing 5. We won’t ……………..until we get there. a. knowing      b. have known      c.know 6. I …………….. back before Friday. a. would       b. will       c. am being 7. Will you …………….. at the rehearsal on Saturday? a. go       b. be       c.have 8. I’m going to the grocery store. I think ……………..buy a turkey. a. I’ve       b. I’ll       c. I’d Bài 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc theo thì Tương lai đơn 1. A: There’s someone at the door B: I …………….. (get) it. 2. Joan thinks the Conservatives …………….. (win) the next election. 3. A: I’m moving house tomorrow. B: I …………….. (come) and help you. 4. If she passes the exam, she …………….. (be) very happy. 5. I …………….. (be) there by four o’clock I promise. 6. A: I’m cold. B: I …………….. (turn on) the fire. 7. A: She’s late. B: Don’t worry. She …………….. (come).

8. The meeting …………….. (take) place at 6 pm. 9. If you eat all of that cake, you …………….. (feel) sick. 10. They …………….. (be) home at 10 o’clock. Bài 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc theo thì Tương lai gần 1. It (rain) …………….. 2. They (eat) …………….. stew. 3. I (wear) …………….. blue shoes tonight. 4. We (not/help) …………….. you. 5. Jack (not/walk) …………….. home. 6. (cook/you) …………….. dinner? 7. Sue (share/not) …………….. her biscuits. 8. (leave/they) …………….. the house? 9. (take part/she) …………….. in the contest. 10. I (not/spend) …………….. my holiday abroad this year. Bài 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc theo thì thích hợp 1. I (fly) …………….. by plane tomorrow. 2. Hi, what time (the train/pull out) …………….. this evening? 3. (you/travel) …………….. to Paris tomorrow? 4. I …………….. (go) to the cinema tonight. 5. They always (have) …………….. breakfast at 7:30 am. 6. We (go) …………….. out this weekend. 7. What time (they/start) …………….. work? 8. The library (open) …………….. at 8:30 am and …………….. (close) at 7:30 pm. 9. The parents (have) …………….. a meeting on Saturday.