(GSTT - VN) Wish and If Only [PDF]

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WISH CLAUSE

CHUYÊN ĐỀ : WISH CLAUSE A.

Lý thuyết Định nghĩa:

I.

Sau WISH (ước, ước gì) và IF ONLY (giá mà, phải chi) là một mệnh đề chỉ điều ước, một điều không có thật.

II.

Phân loại:

1. Wish about the future: Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước ở tương lai với mong muốn ai đó, sự việc gì đó sẽ tốt đẹp hơn trong tương lai. Cấu trúc: S + WISH + S + would/ could + V (bare-infinitive) IF ONLY + S + would/ could + V (bare-infinitive) Example:   

I wish you wouldn’t leave your clothes all over the floor. I wish I would be an astronaut in the future. If only I would take the trip with you next week..

We use wish + would to talk about something in the present that we would like to change – usually something that we find annoying.

2. Wish about the present: Chúng ta dùng câu ước ở hiện tại để ước về điều không có thật ở hiện tại, thường là thể hiện sự nuối tiếc về tình huống hiện tại (regret about present situations). Cấu trúc: S + WISH + S+ V (simple past) IF ONLY + S+ V (simple past) (be were) Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 1|9

WISH CLAUSE Example:    

If wish I were rich. (But I am poor now). I can’t swim. I wish I could swim. If only she were here. (The fact is that she isn’t here). We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today. (The fact is that we have to go to class today).

When we talk about present regrets, both wish and if only are followed by the past simple tense. The past tense emphasises that we are talking about something ‘unreal’ 3. Wish about the past Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước ở qúa khứ để ước điều trái với những gì xảy ra trong quá khứ, thường là để diễn tả sự nuối tiếc với tình huống ở quá khứ. Cấu trúc: S + WISH + S + HAD+V3/ed = IF ONLY + S + HAD + V3/ed S + WISH + S + COULD HAVE + V3/ed = IF ONLY+ S + COULD HAVE + V3/ed Example:     

If only I had gone by taxi. (I didn’t go by taxi). I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year. (I failed my exam). She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house. (She didn’t have enough money to buy it). If only I had met her yesterday. (I didn’t meet her). She wishes she could have been there. (She couldn’t be there.)

Both wish and if only are followed by the past perfect tense when we talk about past regrets. III. Chú ý: 1. Wish in fixed expressions -We can use I / We wish you in fixed expressions. Example:  I wish you a happy birthday.  We wish you good luck in your new job. 2. Wish and hope

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WISH CLAUSE -To simply express that you want something to happen in the future (not talking about wanting an action or situation to be different, and not talking about impatience or annoyance) we use hope, not wish. Example:  I hope it's sunny tomorrow. (NOT I wish it was sunny tomorrow.)  I hope she passes her exam next week. (NOT I wish she were passing her exam next week) 3. Wish and want -We can use wish + infinitive or wish + object + infinitive to mean want in a formal situation. Example:  I wish to leave now. (+ infinitive)  I wish to speak to your supervisor please. (+ infinitive)  I do not wish my name to appear on the list. (+ object + infinitive) B.

Bài tập:

Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in the parentheses 1. She wishes her father (be) here now to help her. 2. I wish you (not give) them my phone number yesterday. 3. I wish they (visit) us when they were in town. 4. I wish someone (give) me a job next month. 5. If only I (can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer. 6. We wish we (understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday. 7. He missed an exciting football match on TV last night. He wishes he (watch) it. 8. If only I (have) more time to do this job. 9. I wish she (come) to see me yesterday. 10. I wish that someday I (be) able to marry her. Exercise 2: Choose the best answer: 1. I'm not very fit. I wish ______ A. I would be fitter B. I were fitter Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 3|9

WISH CLAUSE C. I was fitter 2. It's very hot. A. I wish it were cooler. B. I wish it was rain tomorrow. C. If only it had rained. 3. I was really lazy in my childhood. A. I wish I were more active. B. If only I would practice more sport. C. I wish I had done more sport. 4. Those children are really noisy. A. I wish they were quieter B. I wish they would be quiet C. If only they had been quiet. 5. We had a terrible problem with the computer yesterday. A. I wish you would repair it B. I wish it would never happen again C. I wish your friend Ramon had been here 6 .A, Could you lend me some money? B: I wish … you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself. a. can lend

b. would lend

c. could lend

d. will lend

7. A: Are we lost? B: I think so. I wish we ……………… a map with us today. a. were bringing b. brought

c. had brought

d. would bring

8. A: What are you doing later this afternoon? B: I wish I ……………… the answer of this question. Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 4|9

WISH CLAUSE a. knew

b. know

c. could know

d. would know

9. A: I told your mother that you had left your job. B: Well, I wish you …………… her. It’s none of your business. a. wouldn’t tell

b. didn’t tell c. hadn’t told

d. doesn’t tell

10. A: I wish you …………… making that noise. It’s bothering me. B: Sorry, I’ll stop it right now. a. would stop b. are going to stop c. stop

d. can stop

11. A: These figures are too complicated to work out in your head. B: Yes, ………………… a calculator. a. I wish we would have

b.

if only we had

c. if only we had had

d.

I wish we have

12. A: You look tired. B: Yes, I’m really sleepy today. I wish I …………… Bob to the airport late last night.

a. didn’t have to take

b.

weren’t taking

c. hadn’t had to take

d.

didn’t take

13. A: It’s raining. I wish it …………… B: Me too. If only the sun … so that we could go swimming. a. stopped / shined

b.

would stop / were shining

c. had stopped / had shined

d.

would stop / would shine

14. A: Did you study for that test? B: No, but now I wish I …………… because I flunked it. a. had studied

b. studied

c. would study

d. have studied

15. A: My feet are killing me! I wish I ………more comfortable shoes. Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 5|9

WISH CLAUSE B: Yeah, me too. I wish I that we were going to have to walk this much. a. had worn / knew

b.

am wearing / had known

c. were wearing / would know

d.

wore / had known

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences 1.Our classroom doesn’t have any windown. I wish…………………………………………………….. 2.The sun isn’t shining. I wish……………………………………………………. 3.I didn’t go shopping. I wish……………………………………………………. 4.I can’t swim so I don’t feel safe in the boat. I wish……………………………………………………….. 5.I don’t know how to dance. I wish………………………………………………………. 6.You didn’t tell them about it. I wish………………………………………………………… 7.I live in the country. I wish ……………………………………….. 8.It’s cold today but I’m not wearing a coat. I wish………………………………………………………. 9.It’s raining and I want it to stop. I wish …………………………………………….. 10.I don’t have enough money to buy that book. I wish……………………………………………………. Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 6|9

WISH CLAUSE 11.Elena is tired because she went to bed late last night. She wishes …………………………………………………… 12.Ann has a beautiful voice so I want her to sing. I wish Ann……………………………………………. 13.I’m not lying on the beach in Hawaii. I wish………………………………………………….. 14.The teacher is going to give an exam tomorrow. I wish he ……………………………………………….. 15.Jack didn’t drive to work so he was late. I wish ………………………………………………………………. 16.Bill feels sad because he didn’t get the promotion. I wish ……………………………………………………………. 17.It isn’t winter so I can go skiing. I wish …………………………………………………………….. 18.He was going to the concert last night. I wish he………………………………………………………….. 19.I quit my job. I wish………………………………………………………… 20.My friend won’t lend me his car for my date tomorrow night. I wish my friend…………………………………………… Exercise 4: Put the verbs into the correct form. 1. I feel sick. I wish ……………………… so much cake. (I/ not/ eat) 2. I’m fed up with this rain. I wish ……………….. raining. (it/ stop) 3. It’s a difficult question. I wish …………….. the answer. (I/ know) 4. I should have listened to you. I wish ……… your advice. (I/take) Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 7|9

WISH CLAUSE 5. I wish

………………. here. She’d be able to help us. (Ann/ be)

6. Aren’t they ready yet? I wish …………………… (they/ hurry up) 7. It would be nice to stay here. I wish ….. to go now. (we/ not/ have) 8. When we were in London last year, I didn’t have time to see all thethings we wanted to see. I wish …………… more time. (we/ have) 9. It’s freezing today. I wish so cold. I hate cold weather. (it/ not/

be)

10. What’s her name again? I wish …………… remember her name. (I/ can) 11. What I said was stupid. I wish …………………… anything. (I/ not/ say) 12. You’re driving too fast. I wish …………… a bit. (you/ slow down) 13. It was a terrible film. I wish I hadnt’ gone to see it. (we/ not/ go) 14. You’re always tired. I wish you didn’t go to bed so late. (you/ not/ go) 15. I spent all my money. I wish I had saved……………… it. (I/ save) 16. Vicky’s work isn’t going well. She wishes IT ware better. (it/be) 17. I looked everywhere for the key. I wish I had found it. (I/ find) 18. The phone has been ringing for five minutes. I wish someone would answer it (somebody/ answer) 19. It’s very crowded here. I wish There wasn’t so many people. (there/ not/ be) 20. I wish you had told me about the dance, I would have gone. (you/ tell)

Exercise 5: For each situation, write a sentence with WISH or IF ONLY: 1. Ann isn’t here. I need to see her now. 2. John would like to be a pilot when he grows up. 3. I’m sorry I didn’t come to the party last night. 4. I regret that you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth. 5. Mary is afraid she won’t be able to attend your wedding next week. Tài liệu sưu tầm, tổng hợp Page 8|9

WISH CLAUSE 6. I regret I didn’t learn to play a musical instrument. 7. You drive to fast. I’d like you to ride more slowly. 8. It is raining. I want to go out, but not in the rain. 9. I’d like to buy this book but I don’t have enough money to buy it. 10. I live in a big city, but I don’t like it. 11. Nam was sorry that he didn’t accept the job. 12. I have to work tomorrow but I’d like to stay at home. 13. I feel sick because I ate too much ice-cream. 14. It’s pity that you were not here last week. 15. A lot of people drop litter in the street. 16. I’d like to take some photographs but I didn’t bring my camera. 17. It’s cold and I hate cold weather. 18. I can’t go to the party and I’d like to. wish I had applied for the job 20. My life isn’t interesting

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