Essential Words [PDF]

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Essential Vocabulary In this section, you will find over 500 useful words and phrases that often appear in the TOEIC test. Refer to this list to help you prepare whenever you see the Essential Vocabulary icon throughout the book. You can also use this list as a self-study resource.

Occupation s Artist, author, auto mechanic, bookseller, businessman/woman, cashier, chef, cleaner, consultant, cook, correspondent, dentist, doctor, electrician, engineer, flight attendant, firefighter, florist, health inspector, hotel manager, information officer, market researcher, mechanic, news presenter, newspaper reporter, painter, pilot, plumber, police officer, professor, realtor, receptionist, researcher, sales clerk, secretary, security guard, student, taxi driver, teacher, telephone engineer, tennis coach, ticket clerk, tour guide, traffic officer, travel agent, waiter/waitress

Relationship s Bank manager-client, cashier-shopper, coworkers, doctor-patient, employee-employer, friends, passenger• flight attendant, salesperson-customer, student-teacher, tourist-tour guide, waiter-customer

Activities Apply for a job, attend a lecture, buy food, call the office, catch a bus, change a tire, check some figures, check the time, do some work, drive a car, check your email, cook a meal, exercise in the gym, extend a warranty, find a job, get on a plane, give a presentation, give directions, go home, go for a drive, go on a training course, go out with friends, go sightseeing, go to a concert, go to the movie theater, leave work, listen to the radio, look for a job, , have a meal in a restaurant, have a breakfast/lunch/dinner, have a meeting, have a picnic, leave a message, mail a letter, make a cup of coffee/tea, meet some coworkers, open a bank account, order some food, pay a bill, place an order, plan a party, play a computer game, play golf, play the violin, prepare a presentation, prepare dinner, rent a movie, repair a fault, see a play, send a text message, take a bath, take a break, take a subway, take a vacation, take a walk, visit a client, wait for a train, watch a soccer game, watch TV, work on a report, write an email

Feelings emotions

and

Afraid, amused, angry, bored, calm, cold, confident, disappointed, excited, frustrated, happy, hot, hungry, ill, jealous, nervous, pleased, relaxed, sad, sick, thankful, thirsty, tired, unhappy, uninterested, unwell, upset, worried

Positions company

in

a

Assistant manager, chief executive officer (CEO), chief financial officer (CFO), director, manager, managing director (MD), president, supervisor, vice president (VP)

1

Departments company

in

a

Accounts, customer service, finance, human resource, IT/computing, maintenance, marketing, personnel, research and development, sales, technical support

2

Locations and Related Words Airplane

Cabin, overhead locker, safety video demonstration

Airport

Baggage carousel, boarding pass, customs, flight, gate, immigration, passport, terminal

Apartment

Flat-screen TV, living room, sofa

Bank

Checking account, credit/debit card, deposit, interest, savings

Bookstore

Books, fiction, read, shelves

Bus station

Bay 3, platform, seat number, stop

Car rental agency

Insurance, mileage, vehicle

Clothes store

Alteration, fitting room, try on

Coffee shop

Cup of coffee, snack

College

Assignment, board, classroom, course, semester

Concert hall

Music, orchestra, performance, seating

Dentist's office

Appointment, cavity, drill, polish

Doctor's office

Check-up, medication, patient, prescription

Florist's

Arrangement, bouquet of flowers

Garage

Brakes, oil change, service, tire

Golf course

Club, green, round

Grocery store

Fruit, vegetables

Hair salon

Brush, comb, dry, shampoo, wash

Hotel

Busboy, front desk, housekeeping, reservations, room service, wake-up call

Library

Borrow, loan, return, novel

Movie theater

Audience, box office, feature, screen

Museum

Display, entrance fee, exhibit

Office

Computer, copy machine, desk, file, folder, laptop, monitor, stapler, stationery

Parking lot

Car, park, ticket

Police station

Alarm, arrest, officer

Post office

First class, letter, mail, postage, stamp

Restaurant

Dessert, dish, main course, menu, order, reserve a table, service, waiter/waitress

Sport center

Court, game gym, racket, sports

Super market

Aisle, food, shop

Taxi stand

Cab, driver, fare, tip

Theater

Actor, cast, play, sing, stage

Train station

Catch, delay, express, track

Travel agency

Beach, book, flight, package, scenery, vacation, visa

Time Expressions At (6 o'clock/night), on (Monday, June 17111), in (2 hours, the summer, 2014), in (the morning/afternoon/evening), by (Friday/midnight), until (the weekend), next (year/month/week), for (three years), from (nine to five, September I"), since (2014), during (the meeting), around (noon), every (week), once (a month), tonight

Offers Requests

and

Making an offer I can/could do that for you Can I help you ? How can I help you?

Making a Request Can/Could I have ... ? Can/Will you ... ? Could/Would You ... ? Please ... Would you please ? Do you mind ... ing ? Do you think we could ... ?

Suggests and Advices Why don't you ... ? How about ... ? Perhaps you could ... ?

If I were you, I'd ... Have you considered ... ?

Opinions Asking for opinions What do you think (of) ... ? Do you agree that. .. Do you think that...?

Giving opinions I think ... I agree (completely) ... In my opinion . If you ask me, . Sorry, I don't agree

Directions Asking for directions How do I get to ... ? Is there a ... nearby? Are there any near here? Where's the ?

Giving directions Go straight ahead Go along ... Go past. .. Turn left/right. .. It's on the corner

Prepositions Prepositions of place Above, across from, against, behind, below, between, close to, in front of, inside, near, on top of, under Prepositions of movement

Into, through, past, up, down, toward, from, onto, away (from)

Topics Questions about the topic ask you to identify the subject of the conversation. Common questions include:

What are the speakers discussing? What is the subject of the conversation? What problem are the speakers discussing? What is the woman talking about? What are the people mainly discussing? To answer questions about the topic, it is important

to recognize words and phrases

connected to a wide range of work-related topics. Purchasing · Entertainment General Business Travel

Office Dining Out Health Transportation

Personnel Internet/Computin g Finance/Banking · Technic;:al/Manufaqturing

1

cancellation, visa, ticket, itinerary, trip, excursion, reservation, delay, vacation, vaccination, abroad, journey, souvenir

2

keyboard, delete, cursor, spam, software, hard disk, mouse, monitor, desktop, install, laptop, memory, online, e-mail, download, attachment, crash

3

:

budget, funding, investment, tax, balance, borrow, mortgage, dividend, debt, profit, turnover, audit, account, calculate, transaction, forecast, credit

4

shuttle, car rental, ferry, terminal, coach, bus, bay, train, platform, subway, transfer, round-trip, bus, book, check-in, board, divert, taxi

5

banquet, dessert, reservation, menu, appetizer, main course, order, tip, bill, service, undercooked, rare

6

order, estimate, discount, refund, shipping, charge, invoice, bargain, merchandise, cost, receipt, catalog, billing, deposit

7

storage closet, board meeting, committee, letter, memo, telephone, fax, message, courier, stationery, agenda, desk

8. ..

contract, negotiate, merger, marketing, sales, warranty, conference, agreement, strategy

9

electronics, technology, laboratory, specifications, experiment, expertise, machinery, tools, construction, assembly line, quality control, regulations, research

10

recruit, hire, interview, retire, salary, promotion, application, pension, award, reject, qualifications, candidate, references, resume, training, raise

11

perform, plot, rehearse, play, review, theater, music, art, exhibition, museum, media, concert, act

12

medical insurance, benefits, doctor's office, dentist's clinic, hospital, appointment, diagnose, filling, policy, prescription

People Questions about people ask about relationships, positions within a company, or occupations. Common questions include: Who most likely are the speakers? Who is the man talking to? Who is the woman? What is the man's occupation? What is the woman's position in the company?

To answer questions about people, it is useful if you know words and phrases that are connected to these themes. Exercise A1 Match the relationships. 1. bank manager

2. doctor 3. student 4. employer 5. tour guide

........... employee ..

teacher

....1.

client

.

customer

.

patient

........... criminal

6. waiter

.

7. commuter

tourist

........... toll collector

8. police officer

Exercise A2 Write each job next to the correct set of words. auto mechanic police officer hairstylist chef

1.

.

dentist reporter carpenter flight attendant

ride, passenger, fare, catch

decorator waiter politician taxi driver

9. .

:

plumber librarian architect vet

cook, recipe, pot, chop

2

print, news, interview, newspaper

10. ..

3. .

table, serve, order, reserve

11 . ..

4. .

duty-free, aisle seat, cabin

12

5. ..

oil, engine, service, repair, garage

13. .

6. ..

vote, election, campaign, debate 14. ..

design, blueprint, building, draw sick, heal, animal, health

7. .

checkup, cavity, drill, polish

15. ..

salon, shampoo, trim, style

8. ..

paint, wallpaper, brush, can, roller, cloth

16. ..

leak, pipe, sink, repair

nail, wood, build, hammer /

shelves, lend, novel, reference law, arrest, crime, patrol

Activities Questions about activities ask about actions in progress, actions in the past, future plans, and suggestions. Common questions include: What are the speakers doing? What will the woman do next? How does the man plan to spend the afternoon? What does the woman suggest the man do? What does the man ask the woman to do? To answer questions about activities, it is useful if you are familiar with common collocations. Collocations are words that are often used together. work reserve

check give take

visit apply

1

do _

rent look call prepare

extend make change go

fora job, in writing, for a grant, pressure

2.

.

an office, a movie, a car, an apartment

3.

.

clothes, your mind, jobs, a tire

4.

.

by car, on strike, sightseeing, on an interview

5 6.

an e-mail, out some brochures, back a product, in a form .

some work, the laundry, the dishes, the chores

7

dinner, a presentation, to leave, for the launch

8.

.

on a report, in publishing, out the cost, toward a goal

9.

.

a warranty, your stay, an offer, a deadline

10. .

approval, home, a promotion, on a plane

11.

a message, work, in five minutes, the company

.

12. .

some figures, the time, your e-mail, if something works

13. .

permission, a presentation, directions, a demonstration

14. .

for a job, at your watch, around a factory, into a complaint

15.

a seat, a table, judgment, the right

.

16

a bill, attention, cash, off a loan

17

a cup of tea, an appointment, a decision,

18.

..

the office, a meeting, collect, in sick

19. ..

a break, the subway, a vacation, a risk

20. ..

a client, New York, our website

notes

send get leave pay

Locations Questions about locations ask you to identify where the conversation takes place, where the speakers work, or specific places. Common questions include: Where does this conversation take place? Where are the speakers? Where does the man probably work? What type of company do the speakers probably work for? Where did the woman go last week? To answer questions about locations, it is useful to recognize words and phrases connected to a wide range of everyday places. airport apartment

clothes store coffee shop

fitness center gas station

park post office

art gallery bank car rental agency

concert hall courtroom department store

hotel jewelry store movie theater

train station travel agency stadium

1.

..

fill up, gas, self-service, pump, fuel, diesel

2 terminal

gate, baggage carousel, boarding pass, customs, passport, security,

3.

..

judge, case, hearing, trial, jury, law, verdict, guilty, innocent

4.

.

studio, lounge, sofa, block, high-rise, move in, rent

5. ..

currency, exchange rate, account, loan, savings, statement, withdraw

6. .

insurance, terms, mileage, vehicle, economy, luxury, pick up, drop off

7

designer, fitting room, try on, suit, button, zipper, alteration

8.

..

9. . interval 10

mug, snack, cafe, light meal, specialty tea musician, orchestra, perform, seating, recital, live, symphony, stage, five-star, family-run, check in, suite, lobby, housekeeping, service, wake-up call

room

11

counter, package, mail, postage, card, stamps, scale, envelope, parcel

12. .. artist

display, entrance fee, exhibition, collection, curator, painting, souvenir,

13

platform, line, waiting room, timetable, conductor, car, commuter train

14. .

seaside, brochure, view, visa, package tour, stay, travel documents

15

electronics department, customer services, escalator, floor, help desk

16

box office, show, feature, screen, popcorn, trailer, 30, schedule, matinee

17

locker room, weights, gymnasium, hall, treadmill, court, member

18

spectators, indoor, season, game, packed, pitch, field, ballpark

19

try on, bracelet, pendant, diamond, silver, pearls, earrings

20

bench, lake, recreational area, flower beds, path, fountain, pond