Ekor RPG - RPT [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt Protection, metering and control units General Instructions IG-159-EN, version 08, 15/07/16

LIB

CAUTION! When medium-voltage equipment is operating, certain components are live, other parts may be in movement and some may reach high temperatures. Therefore, the use of this equipment poses electrical, mechanical and thermal risks. In order to ensure an acceptable level of protection for people and property, and in compliance with applicable environmental recommendations, Ormazabal designs and manufactures its products according to the principle of integrated safety, based on the following criteria: • • • •

Elimination of hazards wherever possible. Where elimination of hazards is neither technically nor economically feasible, appropriate protection functions are incorporated in the equipment. Communication about remaining risks to facilitate the design of operating procedures which prevent such risks, training for the personnel in charge of the equipment, and the use of suitable personal protective equipment. Use of recyclable materials and establishment of procedures for the disposal of equipment and components so that once the end of their service lives is reached, they are duly processed in accordance, as far as possible, with the environmental restrictions established by the competent authorities.

Consequently, the equipment to which the present manual refers complies with the requirements of section 11.2 of Standard IEC 62271-1. It must therefore only be operated by appropriately qualified and supervised personnel, in accordance with the requirements of standard EN 50110-1 on the safety of electrical installations and standard EN 50110-2 on activities in or near electrical installations. Personnel must be fully familiar with the instructions and warnings contained in this manual and in other recommendations of a more general nature which are applicable to the situation according to current legislation[1]. The above must be carefully observed, as the correct and safe operation of this equipment depends not only on its design but also on general circumstances which are in general beyond the control and responsibility of the manufacturer. More specifically: • • • • •

The equipment must be handled and transported appropriately from the factory to the place of installation. All intermediate storage should occur in conditions which do not alter or damage the characteristics of the equipment or its essential components. Service conditions must be compatible with the equipment rating. The equipment must be operated strictly in accordance with the instructions given in the manual, and the applicable operating and safety principles must be clearly understood. Maintenance should be performed properly, taking into account the actual service and environmental conditions in the place of installation.

The manufacturer declines all liability for any significant indirect damages resulting from violation of the guarantee, under any jurisdiction, including loss of income, stoppages and costs resulting from repair or replacement of parts. Warranty The manufacturer guarantees this product against any defect in materials and operation during the contractual period. In the event that defects are detected, the manufacturer may opt either to repair or replace the equipment. Improper handling of this equipment and its repair by the user shall constitute a violation of the guarantee. Registered Trademarks and Copyrights All registered trademarks cited in this document are the property of their respective owners. The intellectual property of this manual belongs to Ormazabal.

[1]

For example, in Spain the “Regulation on technical conditions and guarantees for safety in high-voltage electrical installations” – Royal Decree 337/2014 is obligatory.

In view of the constant evolution in standards and design, the characteristics of the elements contained in this manual are subject to change without prior notice. These characteristics, as well as the availability of components, are subject to confirmation by Ormazabal.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Index

Index 1. General description....................................................5 1.1. 1.2. 1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.2.3. 1.2.4. 1.3.

General functional characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Parts of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Electronic relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Current sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Power supply and test board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Bistable trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Communications and programming software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2. Applications..............................................................12 2.1. 2.2. 2.3.

Transformer protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 General protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Line protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3. Protection functions.................................................15 3.1. Overcurrent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2. Thermometer (external trip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.3. Earth ultrasensitive device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4. Metering functions...................................................20 4.1. Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 5. Sensors.......................................................................21 5.1. Current sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.1.1. Functional characteristics of current sensors . 22 5.1.2. Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6. Technical characteristics..........................................25 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8.

Rated values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Mechanical design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Insulation tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Compatibilidad electromagnética . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Climatic tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Mechanical tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Power tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Ce conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

7. Protection, metering and control models...............27 7.1. 7.1.1. 7.1.2. 7.2. 7.3. 7.3.1. 7.3.2. 7.3.3. 7.3.4. 7.3.5.

Description of models vs. functions . . . . . . . . . 27 ekor.rpt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ekor.rpg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Relay configurator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 ekor.rpt Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Características técnicas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Installation in a cubicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ekor.rpt electrical diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Installation of toroidal-core current transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 7.3.6. Checking and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 7.4. ekor.rpg Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.4.1. Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.4.2. Technical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 7.4.3. Installation in a cubicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 7.4.4. ekor.rpg electrical diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 7.4.5. Installation of Toroidal-core current transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 7.4.6. Checking and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

8. Setting and handling menus....................................46 8.1. Keypad and alphanumeric display . . . . . . . . . . 46 8.2. Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 8.3. Parameter setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 8.3.1. Protection parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 8.3.2. Parameter setting menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 8.4. Trip recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 8.5. Error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 8.6. Menu map (quick access) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 9. MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units..............58 9.1. 9.1.1. 9.1.2. 9.1.3. 9.2. 9.3. 9.4.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Read / write functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Data reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Data writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Response in case of error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Password-protected register writing . . . . . . . . 59 CRC generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Register map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

3

Index

4

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

10. Annex A......................................................................63

11. Annex B .....................................................................69

10.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v . . . 63 10.1.1. Verify the power to be protected . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 10.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers already installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 10.1.3. Connect the HV terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 10.1.4. External connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 10.1.5. Set relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 10.1.6. Trip test with current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 10.1.7. External trip test: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 10.1.8. Commissioning: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 10.1.9. What to do in the event of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 11.1.1. Verify the power to be protected . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 11.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers . . . . . . . . . . 70 11.1.3. Connect the HV terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 11.1.4. External connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 11.1.5. Set relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 11.1.6. Trip test with current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 11.1.7. External trip test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 11.1.8. Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 11.1.9. What to do in the event of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

1. General description The ekor.rp (ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt) range of protection, metering and control units brings together an entire family of different equipment, which depending on the model, may incorporate protection functions as well as other functions such as local control, remote control, electrical parameter metering, automation, etc., related to the current and future automation, control and protection needs of transformer and switching substations Its use in Ormazabal’s cgmcosmos and cgm.3 cubicle systems allows the configuration of customised products for meeting the diverse needs of the different installations. The ekor.rp protection, metering and control units have been designed to meet the national and international standard requirements and recommendations that are applied to each of the parts that make up the unit:

Designed to be integrated in a cubicle, the ekor.rp units also provide the following advantages over conventional devices: 1. Reduction in handling of interconnections when installing the cubicle. The only connection required is limited to MV cables. 2. Minimisation of the need to install control boxes on the cubicles. 3. Avoidance of wiring and installation errors; minimisation of commissioning time. 4. All the units are factory installed, adjusted and checked; each piece of equipment (relay + control + sensors) also undergoes a comprehensive check before being installed. The final unit tests are carried out once the unit is incorporated in the cubicle before delivery. 5. They protect a broad power range with the same model (e.g.: ekor.rpg from 160 kVA up to 15 MVA, in cgmcosmos system cubicles).

EN 60255, EN 61000, EN 62271-200, EN 60068, EN 60044, IEC 60255, IEC 61000, IEC 62271-200, IEC 60068, IEC 60044

Figure 1.1. ekor.sys family: protection, metering and control units

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

5

General description

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

1.1. General functional characteristics All the relays of the ekor.rp units include a microprocessor for processing the signals from the metering sensors. They process current metering by eradicating the influence of transient phenomena and calculate the magnitudes needed for to carry out protection functions. In addition, the efficient electrical metering values, which provide the instantaneous value of these installation parameters, are determined. They are equipped with keypad for local display, setup and operation of the unit, as well as communication ports to handle these functions from a computer, whether locally or remotely. A user-friendly design has been employed, so that the use of the various menus is intuitive. The current is measured by means of several current sensors with a high transformation ratio, making it possible for the same equipment to detect a wide range of power levels. These transformers or current sensors maintain the accuracy class in all of their rated range.

Figure 1.2. ekor.sys family relays

The unit contains an events log where all of the latest trips made by the protection functions are registered. In addition, the total number of operations is saved as well as the unit’s settings parameters. The local interface uses menus to provide the instantaneous values of the current metering for each phase and zero-sequence current, as well as the setting parameters, trip motives, etc. They can also be accessed via the communication ports. From a maintenance perspective, the ekor rp units have a series of features that reduce the time and the possibility of errors in the test and service restoration tasks. The main features include some toroidal-core current transformers with larger diameters and test connections; accessible and disconnectable terminal blocks for tests using current injection; and built-in test contacts, even in the basic models.

6

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

1.2. Parts of the unit The parts that form the ekor.rp protection, metering and control unit include the electronic relay, current sensors, power supply and test board, selfpowered transformers (only for selfpowered models) and the bistable trigger.

1 2 3 4

1 2 3

Checking terminal block ekor.rpg electronic relay Power supply board Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers

Figure 1.3. Example of ekor.rpg unit installation in circuit-breaker cubicles

Power supply board ekor.rpg electronic relay Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers

Figure 1.4. Example of ekor.rpt unit installation in fused protection cubicles

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7

General description

1.2.1.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Electronic relay

The electronic relay has keys and a display to set and view the protection, metering and control parameters. It includes a seal on the SET key to ensure that once the settings have been made they cannot be changed unless the seal is broken. The protection trips are registered on the display with the following parameters: reason for tripping, fault current value, tripping time and the time and date the event occurred. Errors in the unit, such as a switch failure, incorrect thermometer connection, low battery, etc., are also shown permanently. The ‘On’ led is activated when the equipment receives power from an external source or the self-powered transformers. In this situation, the unit is operational to perform the protection functions. If the ‘On’ led is not activated, only the unit’s parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted (function exclusively assigned to the relay’s internal battery). The current analog signals are conditioned internally by small and very accurate transformers that isolate the electronic circuits from the rest of the installation. The equipment has two communication ports, one on the front used for local configuration (RS232), and another one on the rear used for remote control (RS485). The standard communication protocol for all models is MODBUS. Others may be used depending on the application.

8

1 2 3 4 5 6

“On” LED Trip cause indication Measures and setting parameters display SET key Keyboard for scrolling through screens Front communication port RS232

Figure 1.5. Elements of the relay

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

1.2.2.

Current sensors

The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers with a 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A ratio, depending on the models. Their range of action is the same as the switchgear where they are installed. They are factory-installed in the cubicle bushings, which significantly simplifies the on-site assembly and connection. This way, once the MV cables are connected to the cubicle, the installation protection is operational. There are no sensor installation errors, due to earthing grids, polarities, etc. since they are previously installed and tested at the factory. The inner diameter of the toroidal-core current transformers is 82 mm, which means they can be used in cables of up to 400 mm2 without any problems for performing maintenance testing afterwards. If the equipment is selfpowered, the toroidal transformers are equipped with some anchorage points to place them in the same area as the metering transformers, thus forming a single, compact block. These transformers supply 1 W when the primary current is ≥ 5 A. This power is enough to allow the units to function correctly.

1 2

Bushing Current sensors

Figure 1.6. Current transformers location

All the current sensors have an integrated protection against the opening of secondary circuits, which prevents overvoltage 1.2.3.

Power supply and test board

The selfpowered equipment’s power supply board prepares the selfpowered transformers’ signal and converts it into a DC signal to safely power the equipment. The transformers permanently feed power from 5 to 630 primary amps to the board. It also has a 230 Vac input with 10 kV level of insulation. This input is for direct connection to the transformer substation’s LVB. The power supply board of models with auxiliary power supply has an input for connecting both the AC (24 to 110 Vac) and DC (24 to 125 Vdc) power supply. The board prepares the signal, converting it into a DC signal suitable for safely powering the equipment.

Figure 1.7. Power supply

Furthermore, both types of board have a built-in protection trip test circuit as well as connectors for carrying out current injection functional tests during maintenance and checking operations. The units also have a protection device for absorbing the excess energy produced by the transformers when there are short-circuits up to 20 kA.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

9

General description

1.2.4.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Bistable trigger

The bistable trigger is an electromechanical actuator that is integrated into the switch driving mechanism. This trigger acts upon the switch when there is a protection trip. It is characterised by the low actuation power it requires for tripping. This energy is received in the form of pulses lasting 50 ms and with an amplitude of 12 V. When there is a fault, these pulses are repeated every 400 ms to ensure that the switch opens.

Figure 1.8. Bistable trigger

1.3. Communications and programming software All the ekor.rp units have two serial communication ports. The standard RS232 front port is used to set the local parameters with the ekor.soft program[2]. At the rear, there is an RS485 port which is used for remote control. The standard communication protocol implemented in all equipment is MODBUS-RTU (binary) transmission mode, although other specific protocols can be implemented depending on the application. This protocol has the advantage of greater information density than other modes, resulting in a higher transmission rate for the same communication speed. Each message must be transmitted as a continuous string and the silences are used to detect the end of the message.

1 2 3 4 5 6

ekor.ccp ekor.bus ekor.rci ekor.rci ekor.rpt ekor.rpg

Figure 1.9. ekor.sys family intercommunicated equipment

For more information about the ekor.soft program, consult Ormazabal’s IG-155 document. [2]

10

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General description

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt The ekor.soft setup program has three main operating modes: 1. Display: indicates the unit status, including electrical measurements, current settings, date and time 2. User settings: protection parameter change is enabled 3. Event log: the parameters of the final and penultimate trip are shown as well as the total number of trips made by the protection unit

Minimum system requirements for installing and using the ekor.soft software: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Processor: Pentium II RAM: 32 Mb Operating system: MS WINDOWS CD-ROM / DVD RS-232 serial port

Figure 1.10. ekor.soft displays

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

11

Applications

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

2. Applications 2.1. Transformer protection The distribution transformers require various protection functions. Their selection depends primarily on the power and level of responsibility they have in the installation. As an example, the protection functions that must be implemented to protect distribution transformers with a power rating between 160 kVA and 2 MVA are the following: 1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases in the primary circuit, or high value short-circuit currents between phases on the secondary side. This function is performed by the fuses when the protection cubicle does not include a circuit-breaker. 2. 51 ≡ Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the transformer, or against shortcircuits in several turns of the primary windings. 3. 50N ≡ Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phase to earth short-circuits or secondary winding short-circuits, from the primary interconnections and windings. 4. 51N ≡ Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults from the primary to earth or to the secondary. 5. 49T ≡ Termómero. Protects against excessive transformer temperature.

Figure 2.1. Transformer and fuse protection cubicle

Protection units that include the above mentioned functions: cgmcosmos system Unit ekor.rpt ekor.rpg

Type of cubicle Fusecombination switch Circuitbreaker

See tables 7.3.2 and 7.4.2 Table 2.1. Protection units

cgm.3 system

Power ranges to protect 50 kVA...2000 kVA

50 kVA...1250 kVA

50 kVA...15 MVA

50 kVA...25 MVA

1 2 3

Busbars Overcurrent protection Thermometer

Figure 2.2. Transformer protection

12

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Applications

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

2.2. General protection The client supply installations require general protection to ensure that an installation is disconnected from the rest of the network in the event of a fault. In this way, the utility’s supply line will remain energised and other clients will remain unaffected. It also protects the client’s installation by disconnecting it from the power source in the event of a fault. In this type of protection, all the faults detected in the substation’s main circuit breaker should be simultaneously detected in the transformer substations so that they can be cleared before the line trips (protection selectivity). 1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases. 2. 51  ≡ Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the installation. It is also used as a limiting device to control the supply’s maximum power. 3. 50N ≡ Instantáneo de tierra. Protects against phase-toearth short-circuits. 4. 51N ≡ Fuga a tierra. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth.

The following protection units provide the abovementioned functions: cgmcosmos system Unit ekor.rpt ekor.rpg

Type of cubicle Fusecombination switch Circuitbreaker

cgm.3 system

Power ranges to protect 50 kVA...2000 kVA

50 kVA...1250 kVA

50 kVA...15 MVA

50 kVA...25 MVA

See tables 7.3.2 and 7.4.2 Table 2.2. Type of protection

Figure 2.3. 2.2.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General protection

13

Applications

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

2.3. Line protection The purpose of the line protection is to isolate this part of the network in case of fault, without it affecting the rest of the lines. Generally, it covers any fault that originates between the substation, or switching substation, and the consumption points. The types of fault that occur in these areas of the network primarily depend on the nature of the line, overhead line or cable and the neutral used. In networks with overhead lines, most faults are transitory. Hence, many line reclosings are effective. On the other hand, in case of phase-to-earth faults in overhead lines, when the ground resistance is very high, the zero-sequence fault currents have a very low value In these cases, an ‘ultrasensitive’ neutral current detection is required. The underground cables have earth coupling capacities, which causes the single phase faults to include capacitive currents. This phenomenon makes detection difficult in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks and thus requires the use of the directional function.

Line protection is mainly accomplished by the following functions: 1. 50 ≡ Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases. 2. 51 ≡ Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the installation. 3. 50N ≡ Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phaseto-earth short-circuits. 4. 51N ≡ Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth. 5. 50Ns ≡ Ultrasensitive earth instantaneous overcurrent. Protects against phase to earth short-circuits of very low value. 6. 51Ns ≡ Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth of very low value.

Unit that includes the above mentioned functions: cgmcosmos / cgm.3 systems Unit

Type of cubicle

Maximum rated current

ekor.rpg

Circuit-breaker

630 A

Table 2.3. Line protection with circuit breaker

Figure 2.4. Line protection

14

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

3. Protection functions 3.1. Overcurrent The units have an overcurrent function for each one of the phases (3 x 50 - 51) and, depending on the model, they may have another one for earth (50N-51N). The implemented protection curves are the ones listed in standard IEC 60255. Overcurrent functions that can be performed depending on the model: 1. Overload multicurve protection for phases (51) 2. Protection of phase-to-earth multicurve faults (51N) 3. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time between phases (50) 4. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time between phase and earth (50N)

5. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x In x I> 6. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x In x I> 7. Instantaneous pick-up current value = In x I> x I>> In the case of earth settings, the parameters are similar to the phase settings. Each of them is described below. to(s) ≡ Theoretical tripping time for an earth fault which evolves with a constant current value I0 Io ≡ Actual current flowing to earth In ≡ Rated phase setting current Io> ≡ Withstand earth leakage factor (phase) Ko ≡ Curve factor

Meaning of the curve parameters for phase settings:

Io>> ≡ Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous)

t(s) ≡ Theoretical tripping time for a fault which evolves with a constant current value

T0>> ≡ Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous)

I ≡ Actual current flowing through the phase with the largest amplitude

8. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x In x Io> 9. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x In x Io> 10. Instantaneous pick-up current value = In x Io> x Io>>

In ≡ Rated setting current I> ≡ Withstand overload increment K ≡ Curve factor I>> ≡ Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous) T>> ≡ Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous)

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

15

Protection functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Phase time delay:

t(s) =

Phase time delay:

0,14* K  I     In* I > 

t(s) =

0,02

−1

Earth time delay:

t0 (s) =

 I     In* I > 

1

−1

Earth time delay:

0,14* K0  I0     In* I0 > 

t0 (s) =

0,02

−1

Figure 3.1. Normally inverse curve

16

13,5* K

13,5* K0  I0     In* I0 > 

1

Figure 3.2. Very inverse curve

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

−1

Protection functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Phase time delay:

t(s) =

Phase time delay:

80 * K  I     In* I > 

t(s) = 5 * K

2

−1

t0 (s) = 5 * K0

Earth time delay:

t0 (s) =

80 * K0  I0     In* I0 > 

Earth time delay:

Figure 3.4. Defined time curve

2

−1

Figure 3.3. Extremely inverse curve

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

17

Protection functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

3.2. Thermometer (external trip) The equipment has an input for connecting volt-free contacts and tripping the switch. This input is protected against erroneous connections (e.g. 230 Vac) showing an error code on the display when this anomaly occurs. The switch trips when the volt-free contact is closed for at least 200 ms. This prevents untimely tripping due to external disturbances. External tripping protection is disabled when all of the overcurrent protection functions are disabled (for firmware version 18 or later). In this situation, the relay will not trip the switch but a flashing arrow will appear at the top of the display screen to show that the external trip contact is closed (see section §8.4). The purpose of this function is to protect the transformers’ maximum temperature. The trip input is associated to contact of the thermometer which measures the oil’s temperature and when the maximum set value is reached, its associated contact closes and the switch trips. Unlike conventional coils, it has the advantage of not having low-voltage network connections with the consequent overvoltages generated in the control circuits.

1 2 3 4

External trip contact Switch trips External contact closing Tryp switch

Figure 3.5. Tryp switch

This trip input can also be associated to output contacts of remote control terminals, alarms and auxiliary relays responsible for opening the switch.

18

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

3.3. Ultrasensitive earth device This protection corresponds to a particular type of overcurrent protections. It is primarily used in networks with isolated or resonant earthed neutral, where the phaseto-earth fault current value depends on the system cable capacity value and on the point in which the fault occurs. Generally, in medium voltage private installations with short cable stretches, simply determine a minimum zerosequence current threshold at which the protection must trip. The current flowing to earth is detected using a toroidal-core current transformer which covers the three phases. In this way, the metering is independent from the phase current, thus avoiding errors in the phase metering transformers. In general, this type of protection must be used when the set earth current is less than 10 % of the rated phase current (for example: for a rated phase current of 400 A with earth faults below 40 A). On the other hand, in the lines, whose cable stretches are usually long, it is necessary to identify the fault direction. Otherwise, trips can occur due to capacitive currents from other lines, when there is not any fault in the line.

1 2

Voltage and current sensors Zero-squence toroidal transformer

Figure 3.6. Sensors

The available curves are: normally inverse (NI), very inverse (VI), extremely inverse (EI) and defined time (DT). The setting parameters are the same as in the earth faults of the overcurrent functions (section §3.1 overcurrent), with the exception that factor Io> is replaced with the value directly in amps Ig. This way, this parameter can be set to very low earth current values, regardless of the phase setting current. 1. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x Ig 2. Pick-up current value of DT curve = Ig 3. Instantaneous pick-up current value = Ig x Io>>

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

19

Metering functions

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

4. Metering functions 4.1. Current The current values measured by the ekor.rp units correspond to the efficient values of each of the phases I1, I2 and I3. Eight samples from a half-period are used and the mean of five consecutive values is calculated. This measurement is updated every second. It offers Class 1 meter accuracy, from 5 A up to 120 % of the current sensor’s maximum rated range. The zero-sequence current measurement Io is performed in the same way as the phase currents. 1. Current meters: I1, I2, I3 and Io

Figure 4.1. Metering functions

20

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Sensors

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

5. Sensors 5.1. Current sensors The electronic current transformers are designed for optimal adaptation to digital equipment technology, with a slight modification of the secondary interface. Therefore, the protection, metering and control equipment for these sensors operate with the same algorithms and with the same consistency as conventional devices. The low power outputs from the sensors can be adapted to standard values using external amplifiers. In this way, you can use conventional equipment or electronic relays. Main advantages derived from the use of sensor based systems: 1. Small volume. The decreased power consumption of these transformers allows their volume to be drastically reduced. 2. Improved accuracy. Signal acquisition is much more accurate due to high transformation ratios. 3. Wide range. When there are power increases in the installation, the sensors do not have to be replaced with ones having a greater ratio. 4. Greater safety. The open-air live parts disappear, increasing personnel safety. 5. Greater reliability. The full insulation of the whole installation provides greater levels of protection against external agents. 6. Easy maintenance. The sensors do not need to be disconnected when the cable or cubicle is being tested.

Figure 5.1. Current sensors

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

21

Sensors

5.1.1.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Functional characteristics of current sensors

The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers with a high transformation ratio and low rated burden. These sensors are encapsulated in self-extinguishing polyurethane resin. Phase toroidal current transformers Range 5 – 100 A

Range 15 – 630 A

300 / 1 A 1000 / 1 A Ratio 3-390 A Extd. 130 % 5 - 1300 A Extd. 130 % Metering range for Cl 0.5 at 3 A: Ratio error ±0.4% Phase displacement ±85 minutes at 5 A: Ratio error ±0.35% Phase displacement ±25 minutes Accuracy 5P20 5P20 Protection Class 0.5 Class 0.5 Metering 0.18 VA 0.2 VA Burden 31.5 kA – 3 s 31.5 kA – 3 s Thermal current 2.5Ith (80 kA) 2.5Ith (80 kA) Dynamic current 7,800 A 26,000 A Saturation current 50 – 60 Hz 50 – 60 Hz Frequency 0.72 / 3 kV 0.72 / 3 kV Insulation 139 mm 139 mm Outer diameter 82 mm 82 mm Inner diameter 38 mm 38 mm Height 1,350 kg 1,650 kg Weight S1 – blue, S2 – brown S1 – blue, S2 – brown Polarity Self-extinguishing polyurethane Self-extinguishing polyurethane Encapsulation B (130 ºC) B (130 ºC) Thermal class IEC 60044-1 IEC 60044-1 Reference standard Table 5.1. Phase toroidal current transformers

Toroidal power transformers ekor.rpt/ekor.rpg Ratio Power supply range Thermal current Dynamic current Power Frequency Insulation Outer dimensions Inner dimensions Height Weight Polarity Encapsulation Thermal class

200 / 1 A with centre tap (100 + 100 A) 5 A to 630 A 20 kA 50 kA 0.4 VA to 5 A 50 – 60 Hz 0.72 / 3 kV 139 mm 82 mm 38 mm 1,240 kg S1 – blue, S2 – brown Self-extinguishing polyurethane B (130 C)

Table 5.2. Toroidal power transformers

22

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Sensors

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Figure 5.3. Zero-sequence toroidal transformer

Figure 5.2. Phase toroidal transformer

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

23

Sensors

5.1.2.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring

The wiring of the aforementioned transformers is performed in two different ways, depending on whether they have a zero-sequence toroidal current transformer installed or not. As a general rule, the zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used when the earth fault current is a below 10% of the phase current rating.

Figure 5.4. Detection of earth current by vector sum

Figure 5.5. Detection of earth current by zero-sequence toroidal transformer

Zero-sequence toroidal current transformers Range 5 – 100 A Ratio Metering range Protection Metering Burden Thermal current Dynamic current Saturation current Frequency Insulation Outer dimensions Inner dimensions Height Weight Polarity Encapsulation Thermal class Reference standard

1000 / 1 A

0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 %

0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 %

5P10

5P10

Class 3

Class 3

0.2 VA

0.2 VA

31,5 kA – 3 s

31,5 kA – 3 s

2.5Ith (80 kA)

2.5Ith (80 kA)

780 A

780 A

50 – 60 Hz

50 – 60 Hz

0.72 / 3 kV

0.72 / 3 kV

330 x 105 mm

330 x 105 mm

272 x 50 mm

272 x 50 mm

41 mm

41 mm

0.98 kg

0.98 kg

S1 – blue, S2 – brown

S1 – blue, S2 – brown

Self-extinguishing polyurethane

Self-extinguishing polyurethane

B (130 ºC)

B (130 ºC)

IEC 60044-1

IEC 60044-1

Table 5.3. Zero-sequence current transformers

24

Range 15 – 630 A

300 / 1 A

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Technical characteristics

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

6. Technical characteristics 6.1. Rated values Power supply

Current inputs

Accuracy Frequency Output contacts

Temperature Communications

AC DC Selfpowered Primary phase Earth I thermal/dynamic Impedance Time delay Metering / protection

24 Vac...110 Vac ±30 % 5 VA 24 Vdc...125 Vdc ±30 % 2.5 W >5 A, 230 Vac ±30 % 5 A...630 A (depending on model) 0.5 A..0.50 A (depending on model) 20 kA / 50 kA 0.1 Ω 5 % (minimum 20 ms) Class 0,5 / 5P20 50 Hz; 60 Hz ±1 %

Voltage Current Switching power Operating Storage Front port Rear port Protocol

250 Vac 10 A (AC) 500 VA (resistive load) - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC DB9 RS232 RS485 (5 kV) – RJ45 MODBUS (RTU)

Terminals In cubicle

IP2X IP3X IP4X (according to IEC 60255-27) IK06 (according to EN 50102) 146 x 47 x 165 mm

Cable/termination

0.5...2.5 mm2

Insulation resistance Electric strength Voltage impulses:

500 VDC: > 10 GΩ 2 kVac; 50 Hz; 1 min 5 kV; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J 1 kV; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J

Table 6.1. Rated values

6.2. Mechanical design IP rating

Dimensions (h x w x d): Weight Wiring

0,3 kg

Table 6.2. Mechanical design

6.3. Insulation tests IEC 60255-5

standard differential

Table 6.3. Insulation tests

6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility IEC 60255-11 IEC 60255-22-1 IEC 60255-22-2

Voltage dips Ripple Damped wave 1 MHz

200 ms 12 % 2.5 kV; 1 kV

Electrostatic discharges (IEC 61000-4-2, class IV)

8 kV air 6 kV contact

Continued on next page

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

25

Technical characteristics

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Continuation IEC 60255-22-3 IEC 60255-22-4 IEC 60255-22-5 IEC 60255-22-6 IEC 61000-4-8 IEC 61000-4-12 IEC 60255-25

Radiated fields (IEC 61000-4-3, class III) Bursts - Fast transients (IEC 61000-4-4) Overvoltage pulses (IEC 61000-4-5) Induced radio frequency signals (IEC 61000-4-6) Magnetic fields

10 V/m ±4 kV 4 kV; 2 kV 150 kHz...80 MHz

Sinusoidal damped wave

100 A / m; 50 Hz constant 1000 A / m; 50 Hz short- time 2,5 kV; 1 kV

Electromagnetic emissions (EN61000-6-4)

150 kHz to 30 MHz (conducted) 30 MHz to 1 GHz (radiated)

(2 s)

Table 6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility

6.5. Climatic tests IEC 60068-2-1 IEC 60068-2-2 IEC 60068-2-78 IEC 60068-2-30

Slow changes. Cold Slow changes. Heat Damp heat, continuous test Damp heat cycles

- 40 ºC; 16 hrs + 70 ºC; 16 hrs + 40 ºC; 93 %; 10 days + 55 ºC; 6 cycles

Sinusoidal vibration. Response Sinusoidal vibration. Endurance Impacts. Response Impact. Endurance Shock. Endurance Seismic tests

10 – 150 Hz; 1 g 10 – 150 Hz; 2 g 11 ms; 5 g 11 ms; 15 g 16 ms; 10 g 1 – 38 MHz, 1 g vertical, 0.5 g horizontal

No-load cable making and breaking Mainly active load making and breaking Earth faults No-load transformer making and breaking Short-circuit making and breaking

24 kV / 50 A / cosφ = 0.1 24 kV / 630 A / cosφ = 0.7 24 kV / 200 A / 50 A 13.2 kV / 250 A / 1250 kVA 20 kA / 1 s

Table 6.5. Climatic tests

6.6. Mechanical tests IEC 60255-21-1 IEC 60255-21-2

IEC 60255-21-3 Table 6.6. Mechanical tests

6.7. Power tests IEC 60265 IEC 60265 IEC 60265 IEC 60056 Table 6.7. Power tests

6.8. CE conformity This product complies with the European Union directive 2014/30/EU on electromagnetic compatibility, and with the IEC 60255 international regulations. The unit has been designed and manufactured for use in industrial areas, in accordance with EMC standards. This compliance results from a test performed according to article 7 of the directive.

26

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7. Protection, metering and control models 7.1. Description of models vs. functions

7.1.1.

ekor.rpt

Distribution transformer protection unit installed in fusecombination switch cubicles. The electronic unit performs all the protection functions except for the high value polyphase short-circuits that occur in the transformer’s primary. It has inputs and outputs for switch monitoring and control. The unit can protect a power range from 50 kVA up to 2000 kVA in cgmcosmos system cubicles and from 50 kVA up to 1250 kVA in cgm.3 system cubicles.

Figure 7.1. ekor.rpt

7.1.2.

ekor.rpg

Distribution general protection unit installed in circuitbreaker cubicles. The main usage applications are: general protection of lines, private installations, transformers, capacitor stacks, etc. They can protect a power range from 50 kVA up to 400 kVA (630 kVA for cgm.3 system cubicles), when they include toroidal-core current transformers from 5 A to 100 A. With 15 A to 630 A toroidal-core current transformers, they offer a power range between 160 kVA and 15 MVA (25 MVA for cgm.3 system cubicles).

Figure 7.2. ekor.rpg

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

27

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp ekor.rpt

ekor.rpg

3 Op No 2 2 Op Op

3 Op No 2 2 Op Op

Yes Op Op Yes

Yes Op Op Yes

MODBUS-RTU

Yes

Yes

PROCOME RS-232 configuration port RS-485 port for remote control ekor.soft setup and monitoring program

No Yes Yes Op

No Yes Yes Op

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

Yes No

Yes No

General Phase current sensors Earth (zero-sequence) current sensor Voltage sensors Digital inputs Digital outputs Power supply 24 Vdc to 125 Vdc / 24 Vac to 110 Vac Self powered (> 5 A, + 230 Vac ±30 %)

Protection Phase overcurrent (50-51) Earth leakage overcurrent (50N-51N) Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection (50Ns-51Ns) Thermometer (49T)

Communications

Indications Tripping cause indication Error display

Test Test blocks for current injection Output contact for test

Measurements Current Presence / absence of voltage

Op - optional Table 7.1. Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp

28

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.2. Relay configurator To select the ekor.rp unit on the basis of the installation characteristics, the following configurator will be used: ekor.rp

–

Type: g – For protection cubicle with circuit-breaker t – For fuse protection cubicle Protection functions: 10 – Three phases (3 x 50/51) 20 – Three phases and neutral (3 x 50/51 + 50 N/51 N) 30 – Three phases and sensitive neutral (3 x 50/51 + 50 Ns/51 Ns) Toroidal-core current transformers: 0 – Without toroidal transformers 1 – Range 5 – 100 A 2 – Range 15 – 630 A Power supply: A – Self powered B – Auxiliary power supply (battery, UPS, etc.) Example: In the case of a selfpowered relay for a protection cubicle with a circuit-breaker, with functions 3 x 50/51 + 50Ns/51Ns and toroidal-core current transformers with a range of 5 – 100 A, the corresponding configurator would be ekor.rpg-301a. Not all combinations resulting from this configurator are possible. For the availability of other models, please consult Ormazabal’s technical - commercial department.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

29

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.3. ekor.rpt units

7.3.1.

Functional description

The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is used for the protection of distribution transformers. It is installed in fuse-combination switch cubicles so the electronic system performs all the protection functions, except high polyphase short-circuit values, which are cleared by the fuses.

When an overcurrent that is within the values that the load break switch can open is detected, the relay acts upon a low power bistable trigger that opens the switch. If the fault current is greater than the breaking capacity of the load break switch[3], the switch trip is blocked so that the fuses will blow. On the other hand, the equipment is disconnected and the fuses do not remain energised.

Figure 7.4. General protection (MV client supply)

Figure 7.3. Transformer protection

1200 A for cgmcosmos-p, 480 A for, 36 kV range cgm.3.

[3]

30

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.3.2.

Características técnicas

The ekor.rpt unit is used to protect the following transformer power ratings. cgmcosmos System

(1) (2)

Line voltage [kV]

Fuse rated voltage [kV]

6.6 10 13.8 15 20

3 / 7.2 6 / 12 10 / 24 10 / 24 10 / 24

Minimum transformer power

Maximum transformer power

Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

16 10 16 16 16

50 100 100 125 160

160(1) 160(1) 100 125(2) 125

1250 1250 1250 1600 2000

442 mm cartridge, 125 A SIBA SSK fuse

Table 7.2. Technical characteristics cgmcosmos sytem

cgm.3 System

(1) (2)

Line voltage [kV]

Fuse rated voltage [kV]

6.6 10 13.8 15 20 25 30

3 / 7.2 6 / 12 10 / 24 10 / 24 10 / 24 24 / 36 24 / 36

Minimum transformer power

Maximum transformer power

Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

16 16 10 16 16 25 25

50 100 100 125 160 200 250

160 ¹ 125 63 63 63 80 (2) 80 (2)

1000 1250 800 1000 1250 2000 2500

( )

442 mm cartridge SIBA SSK fuse (check)

Table 7.3. Technical characteristics cgm.3 system

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

31

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Selection process for the ekor.rpt unit protection parameters in cgmcosmos-p cubicles: 1. Determine the required fuse rating to protect the transformer in accordance with the fuse table in Ormazabal’s document IG-078. The maximum ratings that can be used are 160 A for voltages up to and including 12 kV, and 125 A for voltages up to and including 24 kV. 2. Calculate the transformer rated current In = S/√3 x Un. 3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values in transformers of up to 2000 kVA are 20 % for distribution installations and 5 % for power generation installations. 4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. 5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter is defined by the transformer’s thermal constant. This way, the greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer’s temperature to increase under an overload condition; and therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The usual value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve. 6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer’s magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kVA) has a very high harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component is much less. Therefore, a usual setting value for this parameter is between 7 and 10. 7. Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It depends on the coordination with other protections and the usual values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s. If the short-circuit value is high, the fuses will act in the time determined by their characteristic curve. 8. Determine the current value in case of secondary three-phase short-circuit. This fault must be cleared by the fuses, and it corresponds with the intersection point’s maximum value between the relay and the fuse curves. If the intersection point is greater than the secondary short-circuit value, the settings must be adjusted to meet this requirement.

32

To select the ekor.rpt unit protection parameters in cgm.3-p cubicles, the steps to follow are similar to those proposed in the paragraphs above, except for the first step. The fuse  rating required to protect the transformer is determined according to the fuse table of Ormazabal’s documents IG-034 and IG-136 respectively. Please take into consideration that the minimum protection powers are listed in the table above. In case of protecting a transformer with following characteristics in cgmcosmos cubicle system: S = 1250 kVA, Un = 15 kV and Uk = 5 %

Follow the procedure below for proper coordination between the fuses and the protection relay: 1. Fuse selection according to IG-078. 10 / 24 kV 125 A fuse 2. Rated current. In = S / √3 x Un = 1250 kVA /√3 x 15 kV ≅ 48 A 3. Continuous withstand overload 20 %. In x I> = 48 A x 1,2 ≅ 58 A 4. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I 5. Transitory overload factor. K = 0,2 6. Short-circuit level. In x I> x I>> = 48 A x 1,2 x 7 ≅ 404 A 7. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,4 s 8. Secondary short-circuit. Ics = In x 100/Uk = 48 A x 100/5 ≅ 960 A

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (s) (A)

Fuse selection 125 A Rated current 48 A Continuous overload 58 A E.I. Curve type Factor K = 0.2 Short-circuit level 404 A Instantaneous time delay 400 ms Secondary three-phase short-circuit 960 A Fuse operation area Relay operation area Time (S) Current (A)

Figure 7.5. Example for SIBA SSK fuse

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

33

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of the line where the unit is installed. In general, the earth fault values are high enough to be detected as overcurrent. Even in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks, the fault value in transformer protection installations is clearly different from the capacitive currents of the lines. This way, the transformer protection ekor.rpt units are used in isolated neutral networks that do not require the directional function. The values of the setting parameters must guarantee

selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers up to 2000 kVA, the settings below are given as a general example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to the protections upstream (general, line or main switch protections, among others.)

Phase setting Rated current

Time delayed

Instantaneous

I>

K

I>>

T>>

In = S / √3 x Un = 48 A

EI

DT

1.2

0.2

7

0.4

Table 7.4. Phase setting

Earth setting Type of neutral Solid or impedant Isolated or resonant

Time delayed Instantaneous NI NI

DT DT

Io>

Ko

Io>>

To>>

0.2 0.1 / Ig = 2 A (*)

0.2 0.2

5 5

0.4 0.4

* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table 7.5. Earth setting

34

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.3.3.

Installation in a cubicle

The integral parts of the ekor. units are the electronic relay, the power supply and test board, the bistable trigger and the current sensors.

1 2 3

The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains the components of the user interface, display, keys, communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside without the need to remove the mechanism enclosure. The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors, as well as the wiring that connects it to the power supply board.

Power supply board ekor.rpt electronic relay Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers

Figure 7.6. Example of installation of a ekor.rpt unit in fuse protecton cubicles

Figure 7.7. ekor.rpt frontal and rear view

1 2 3 4

ekor.rpt relay configurations DB-9 Male (relay) DB-9 Female (PC) RS485 connection pins

Figure 7.8. ekor.rpt frontal and rear connection diagram

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

35

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

All of the signals that come from the relay go through the board. Hence, the board enables the unit to be checked. Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (J3) which is activated simultaneously with the relay trip. This enables to use conventional current injection equipment for testing the protection relays. The selfpowered transformers are also connected to the power supply board using the J7 connector in the Connector

selfpowered relays. The signal transformers are connected to the board’s J8 connector, the function being to inject current into the secondary in order to test the relay. The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit has three connectors (J1, J3 and J4) to which the user can connect. They are situated on the upper part of the power supply and test board and their functions are as follows.

Name

Functions

J1

EXT. TRIP

It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is activated, the protection device trips if an overcurrent protection function is activated.

Transformer thermometer

J3

TRIP

This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the protection device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode.

Protection unit test Trip signal for remotely-controlled installations

Auxiliary power supply input: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for those with auxiliary power supply (10 kV insulated in relation to the rest of the equipment, in self powered models)

Relay power supply (LVB of the transformer to protect, battery, etc.)

J4

V. AUX

Table 7.6. Connector functionallity

36

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Normal use

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.3.4.

ekor.rpt electrical diagram

Figure 7.9. ekor.rpt electrical diagram

For more details, please see electrical diagram No. 990,042, which shows the electrical connections between the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and the cubicle.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

37

Protection, metering and control models

7.3.5.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Installation of toroidal-core current transformers

The installation of toroidal-core current transformers requires special attention. It is the main cause of untimely tripping problems, and its improper operation can cause trips that go undetected during commissioning. Aspects that must be considered in the installation. 1. The toroidal-core current transformers are installed on the outgoing cables of the cubicle. The inner diameter is 82 mm, which means that MV cables can easily pass through the inside. 2. The earthing screen MUST go through the toroidal-core current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable remaining above the toroidal-core current transformer. In this case, the braided pair goes through the inside of the toroidal-core current transformer before it is connected to the earthing of the cubicle. The braided pair must not touch any metal part, such as the cable support or other areas of the cable compartment, before it is connected to the cubicle’s earth. 3. The earthing screen must NOT go through the toroidal-core current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable remaining under the toroidal-core current transformer. In this case, the braided pair is connected directly to the earthing collector of the cubicle. If there is no braided pair for the earthing screen because it is connected at the other end (as in metering cubicles), the twisted pair should also not go through the toroidal-core current transformer.

7.3.6.

Earth screen: it must pass through the inside of the toroidalcore

Figure 7.10. Installation of toroidal-core transformers

Checking and maintenance

The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is designed to perform the operating test necessary for both commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several levels of checks are available depending on the possibility of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable compartment.

To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below:

1. Check through the primary: This case corresponds to the tests that are performed on the equipment when it is completely shut down, since it involves actuating the switchdisconnector and earthing the cubicle outgoing cables. When current is injected through the toroidal-core current transformers, you must check that the protection opens the switch within the selected time. In addition, you must make sure that the tripping indications are correct and that all the events are being recorded in the history log.

d. Connect the power supply board’s J3 connector to the tester’s timer stopper input.

To perform this check, the unit must be powered up. Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must be connected to 230 Vac for self powered relays. As regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed the voltage through the board’s J4 connector..

38

1

a. Open the cubicle’s switch-disconnector and then earth the output. b. Access the cable compartment and pass a test cable through the toroidal-core current transformers. c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester.

e. Open the earthing switch and close the switch. Reset the latch and remove the actuating lever in order to leave the cubicle ready for tripping. f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. For phase trips, the test cable must pass through two toroidalcore current transformers. The cable must pass through each of them in opposite direction; in other words, if in the first one current flows up bottom, in the other it must flow bottom up so that the sum of the two currents equals zero and no earth trip occur. For earth trips, the test cable is passed through a single toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase toroidal, depending on whether a zero-sequence toroidal is available or not). Trip tests must be performed for all toroidalcore current transformers to check the proper operation of the complete unit.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt 2. Check through the secondary. In this case, the tests are performed on the equipment when the cable compartment is not accessible. This occurs because the cubicle outgoing cables are energised and cannot be connected to earth. In this case, it is not possible to feed a test cable through the toroidal transformers and current must be injected from the power supply board. This testing method is much better than using testing equipment (normally more than 100 A).

g. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. h. Connect the power supply board’s J3 connector to the tester’s timer stopper input. i. If the switch can be opened, put it in closed position. Reset the latch and remove the actuating lever in order to leave the cubicle ready for tripping and connect the bistable trigger. If the switch cannot be operated, the bistable trigger should remain disconnected and the checking process should be performed as shown in next section: “Check without switch operation”. j. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A. Check that the trip times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. It is advisable to perform the check through the primary or the check through the secondary annually to guarantee correct equipment operation.

Figure 7.11. Tarjeta de alimentación

To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below:

3. Check without operating the switch. In many occasions, the protection cubicle switch cannot be operated and therefore, the maintenance checks are performed exclusively on the electronic unit. In these cases, the following points shall be considered.

a. Access the control’s upper compartment where the power supply board is located.

a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism.

b. Disconnect the bistable trigger.

b. Inject the current according to the section above “check through the secondary”.

c. Disconnect the blue, brown, black and earth cables of the J8 connector, corresponding to points J8-6, J8-8, J8-10 and J8-1 respectively. d. Connect the previously disconnected cables to the earth points N of connector J8-3. This operation will shortcircuit the current transformers’ secondary circuitry. e. Connect the power supply to the J4 connector: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for auxiliary power supply units. f. Connect the test cable to the J8 connector, bearing in mind the following ratio between the connector’s points and the phases:

c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified if the approximate consumption is known. The current that circulates through the secondary J8-6 (blue), J8-8 (brown) and J8-10 (black) must correspond to the 300 / 1 A ratio. d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered transformers provide the operating power needed by the relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this, check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points 1 - blue and 2- brown) is greater than 10 Vdc.

Current through L1 – J8-6 and J8-1. Current through L2 – J8-8 and J8-1. Current through L3 – J8-10 and J8-1. Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - J8-6 and J8-8. Current through L1 and L3 (without earthing current) - J8-6 and J8-10. Current through L2 and L3 (without earthing current) - J8-8 and J8-10

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

39

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.4. ekor.rpg Units

7.4.1.

Functional description

The ekor.rpg unit is used for the general protection of lines, private installations, transformers, etc. It is installed in circuit-breaker cubicles - models cgmcosmos-v, and/ or cgm.3-v - so that the electronic unit performs all the protection functions. When an overcurrent that is within the relay operational value range is detected, this relay acts upon a low power bistable trigger that opens the circuit-breaker.

1 2 3

Checking terminal block ekor.rpg electronic relay Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers

Figure 7.12. Functional description

40

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.4.2.

Technical characteristics

The ekor.rpg protection unit is used to protect the following power ratings: cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems Line voltage [kV]

ekor.rpg with 5 - 100 A transformers

6.6 10 13.8 15 20 25(1) 30(1) (1)

ekor.rpg with 15 – 630 A transformers

P. mín [kVA]

[kVA]

P. máx [kVA]

50 100 100 100 160 200 250

160 200 315 315 400 630 630

5000 7500 10 000 12 000 15 000 20 000 25 000

For and cgm.3 system cubicles

Table 7.7. Power ratings

Selection process for the ekor.rpg unit protection parameters in cgmcosmos-v, and cgm.3-v cubicles: 1. Determine the system power to be protected and select the ekor.rpg model in accordance with the table above. 2. Calculate the rated current In = S / √3 x Un. 3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values in transformers of up to 2000 kVA are 20 % for distribution installations and 5 % for power generation installations. 4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. 5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter is defined by the transformer’s thermal constant. This way, the greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer’s temperature to increase under an overload condition; and therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The normal value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve. 6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer’s magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kVA) has a very high harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component is much less. So, a normal setting value for this parameter is between 7 and 10. In the case of general protections for several transformers, this value can be lower.

7. Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It depends on the coordination with other protections and the normal values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s. In the case of a general protection for two transformers, 1000 kVA each: S = 2000 kVA, Un = 15 kV The steps to follow for proper setting of the protection relay are the following: a. Rated current. In = S / √3 x Un = 2000 kVA / √3 x 15 kV ≅ 77 A b. Continuous withstand overload 20 %. In x I> = 77 A x 1.2 ≅ 92 A c. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I. d. Transitory overload factor. K = 0.2 e. Short-circuit level. In x I> x I>> = 77 A x 1,2 x 10 ≅ 924 A f. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,1 s

The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of the network where the equipment is installed. In general, the earth fault values are high enough to be detected as overcurrent. In the isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks, when the fault value is very low, in other words, when the earth protection is set to a value below 10 % of the rated phase current, it is recommended that an ultrasensitive earth protection be used.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

41

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The values of the setting parameters must guarantee selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers

up to 2000 kVA, the settings below are given as a general example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to the protections upstream (general, line or main switch protections, among others.)

Phase setting Rated current

Curve

Instantaneous

I>

K

I>>

T>>

In = S / √3 x Un = 77 A

EI

DT

1.2

0.2

10

0.1

Table 7.8. Phase setting

Earth setting Type of neutral

Curve

Instantaneous

Io>

Ko

Io>>

To>>

Solid or impedant Isolated or resonant

NI NI

DT DT

0.2 0.1 / Ig = 2 A (*)

0.2 0.2

5 5

0.1 0.2

* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table 7.9. Setting of earth

7.4.3.

Installation in a cubicle

The integral parts of the ekor.rpg units are the electronic relay, the power supply and test board and flip-flop trigger and the current sensors. The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains the components of the user interface, display, keys, communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside without the need to remove the driving mechanism enclosure. The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors (see section 7.4.4) as well as the wiring that connects it to the

power supply board. The signals that are operational for the user are located on a terminal block that can be shortcircuited and accessed from the upper part of the cubicle. Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (G3-G4) which is simultaneously activated with the relay trip. This enables to use conventional current injection equipment for testing the protection relays. The functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the user is described below

Terminals

Name

Functions

G1-G2

V.AUX

Auxiliary power supply input: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for those with auxiliary power supply (10 kV insulated in relation to the rest of the equipment, in self powered models).

Relay power supply (TS transformer’s LV board, battery, etc.)

G3-G4

TRIP

This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the protection device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode.

Protection unit test Trip signal for remotely-controlled installations

G5-G6

EXT.TRIP

G7-…-G12

IP1,IP2,…

It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is activated, the protection device trips if an overcurrent protection function is enabled. Short-circuitable and disconnectable terminals for secondary current circuits.

Table 7.10. Functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the user

42

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Normal Use

Transformer thermometer Current injection for secondary relay tests

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

7.4.4.

ekor.rpg electrical diagram

Figure 7.13. ekor.rpg electrical diagram

For more details, please see electrical diagram No. 996,410, which shows the electrical connections between the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and the cubicle.

1 2 3 4 Figure 7.14. Front and rear view

ekor.rpg relay configuration interconnection DB-9 Male (relay) DB-9 Female (PC) RS485 communications connection

Figure 7.15. ekor.rpg frontal and rear connection diagram

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

43

Protection, metering and control models

7.4.5.

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Installation of Toroidal-core current transformers

In cgmcosmos-v and cgm.3-v cubicles, the current transformers are installed in the cubicle bushings. Therefore there are no problems with connection errors in the earthing grid. Additionally, these toroidal-core current transformers are equipped with a test connection for conducting maintenance operations. Manufacturer

EUROMOLD

The terminals that can be used with the toroidal-core current transformers mounted in the bushings are as follows:

Current rating [A]

12 kV Type of connector

12 kV crosssection [mm2]

24 kV Type of connector

24 kV crosssection [mm2]

36 kV Type of connector

36 kV crosssection [mm2]

400 630 630 630

400 TE 400 LB 400 TB 440 TB

70 - 300 50 - 300 70 - 300 185 - 630

K-400TE K-400LB K-400TB K-440TB

25 - 300 50 - 300 35 - 300 185 - 630

M-400TB M-440TB

25 - 240 185 - 630

Table 7.11. Terminals

For other type of terminals[1], the toroidal-core current transformers must be loosened and installed directly on the cables, in accordance with the instructions listed in section 7.3.5. 7.4.6.

Checking and maintenance

The ekor.rpg protection, metering and control unit is designed to perform the operating test necessary for both commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several levels of checks are available depending on the possibility of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable compartment. To perform this check, the unit must be powered up. Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must be connected to 230 Vac for selfpowered relays. As regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed the voltage through the board’s J4 connector. 1. Check through the primary: In this case the tests are performed on the equipment when it is completely shut down, since it involves actuating the circuit-breaker and earthing the cubicle outgoing cables. When current is injected through the toroidal-core current transformers, you must check that the protection opens the circuit-breaker within the selected time. In addition, you must make sure that the tripping indications are correct and that all the events are being recorded in the history log.

Consult Ormazabal’s technical-commercial department.

[4]

44

To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Open the cubicle’s circuit-breaker. Close the earthing switch and then close the circuit-breaker for an effective earthing. b. Access the cable compartment and connect the test cable to the test connector of the toroidal-core current transformers. c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. d. Connect terminals G3-G4 to the tester’s timer stopper input. e. Open the circuit-breaker. Open the earthing switch and then close the circuit-breaker. To open the circuit-breaker using the protection unit, the earthing switch must be open. f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. In order to detect phase trips, the test cable must be connected to the test bars of two toroidal-core current transformers. The current must go through each one in opposite directions. In other words, if the current flows up bottom in one of the test cables, in the other it must flow bottom up so that the sum of the two currents is zero and no earth fault trips occur. For earth trips, the test cable is connected to a single toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase toroidal transformer, depending on whether a zero-sequence toroidal is available or not). Trip tests must be performed for all toroidal-core current transformers to check the proper operation of the complete unit.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Protection, metering and control models

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt 2. Check through the secondary with circuit-breaker operation: In this case, the tests are performed on the equipment when the cable compartment is not accessible. This occurs because the cubicle outgoing cables are energised and cannot be connected to earth. In this case, the test cable cannot be connected to the test connection in the toroidal-core current transformers and the current injection is performed through the test terminal block. This testing method is also used when the primary current values being tested are much greater than those produced by test equipment (normally greater than 100 A).

f. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. g. Connect the G3-G4 connector to the tester’s timer stopper input. h. If the circuit-breaker can be opened, put it in closed position. If the circuit-breaker cannot be operated, make sure the bistable trigger remains disconnected, and start the check as explained in the following section “check without circuit-breaker operation”. i. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A, depending on the model. Verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. 3. Check through the secondary without circuit-breaker operation: In many occasions, the protection cubicle circuitbreaker cannot be operated and therefore, the maintenance checks are performed exclusively on the electronic unit. In theses cases, the following points shall be considered: a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism. b. Inject the current according to the section above “check through the secondary with circuit-breaker operation”. c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified if the approximate consumption is known. The current that circulates through the G7 (blue), G8 (brown) and G9 (black) secondaries must correspond to the ratio of 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A. d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered transformers provide the operating power needed by the relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this, check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points 1 - blue and 2 - brown) is greater than 10 Vdc.

Figure 7.16. Checking terminal block

To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Access the driving mechanism upper compartment where the checks and test terminal block is located. b. Disconnect the bistable trigger. c. Short-circuit, and then disconnect current circuit terminals G7, G8, G9, G10, G11 and G12. This procedure short-circuits the current transformer secondaries. d. Connect the power supply to the G1-G2 connector: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for auxiliary power supply units. e. Connect the test cable to terminals G7 to G12, taking into account the following relation between the connector’s points and the phases. Current through L1 – G7 and G12. Current through L2 – G8 and G12. Current through L3 – G9 and G12. Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - G7 and G8. Current through L1 and L3 (without earthing current) - G7 and G9. Current through L2 and L3 (without earthing current) - G8 and G9

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

45

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

8. Setting and handling menus 8.1. Keypad and alphanumeric display As can be seen in the image, the ekor.rp protection, metering and control units have a total of 6 keys: SET: gives access to the ‘parameter setting’ mode. In addition, the key has a confirmation function within the various menus of the ‘parameter setting’ mode. This function is explained in greater detail in this section. ESC: This key allows the user to return to the main screen (‘display’) from any screen without saving changes made to the settings up to this point. Using this key, the unit’s trip indications can be reset. Scrolling keys: The ‘up’ and ‘down’ arrows enable the user to scroll through the different menus and change values. The ‘right’ and ‘left’ arrows allow values in the ‘parameter setting’ menu to be selected for modification, as detailed later. Along with the keypad, the relays have an alphanumeric display which makes it easier to use them. To save energy, the relay has a standby mode (display switched off ), which starts to operate any time the relay does not receive an external signal for 1 minute (pressing of any key, except the SET key, or communication via RS-232), or for 2 minutes if the user is modifying the parameters in the ‘parameter setting’ mode. Likewise, if either type of external signal is received (pressing of the ESC, arrow up, down, left or right keys; or communication via RS-232) the relay will exit the standby mode and return to its active status, as long as the relay remains powered.

Figure 8.1. ekor.rp protection, metering and control units

Figure 8.2. SET key

Figure 8.3. ESC key

Figure 8.4. Scrolling keys

46

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

8.2. Display The ‘Display’ mode is the normal mode of the relay when in operation. Its main function is to allow the user to view various unit parameters which can be summarised in 4 groups: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Current metering Viewing the setting values Values of the last and penultimate trip Current date and time

The ‘display’ mode is shown by default in the relay, both when it is switched on and when it returns from its standby status, or when pressing the ESC key from any screen. In this operating mode, the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys are enabled so that the user can scroll through the various parameters in the ‘display’ mode. The SET key gives access to the ‘parameter setting’ mode. The following figure shows an example of several ‘display’ mode screens for the ekor.rp units.

Figure 8.5. Current date and time

The screens shown in the relay display consist of two data lines. The first indicates the parameter for the specific screen; the second establishes the value of this parameter. Additionally, error codes can be indicated in both the display screen and the two data lines (refer to section 8.5: “Error codes”). These indications are displayed with the other indications.

Figure 8.6. Screen ‘display’ mode

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

47

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

A table with the “display” mode parameters sequence is shown below. This table includes the text that appears on the first line of the relay display, along with an explanation of the corresponding parameter. Parámetro I1. A I2. A I3. A I0. A I> I0> I>> I0>> In. A I> K I>> T>> I0> K0 I0>> T0>> H2. A H2 H2.TM H2.DT H2.YE H2.HR H2.SE H1. A H1 H1.TM H1.DT H1.YE H1.HR H1.SE DATE YEAR HOUR SEC

Significado Phase 1 current metering Phase 2 current metering Phase 3 current metering Zero-sequence current metering Phase curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled) Zero-sequence curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled) Instantaneous phase unit enabled/disabled Instantaneous zero-sequence unit enabled/disabled Phase full load current Phase overload factor Constant phase multiplier Phase instantaneous multiplier Phase instantaneous time delay Earth leakage factor Constant zero-sequence multiplier Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay Current at last trip Cause of last trip Time delay of last trip, from start-up to the trip Last trip date Last trip year Hour and minute of last trip Last trip second Penultimate trip current Penultimate trip cause Time delay of the penultimate trip, from start up to the trip Penultimate trip date Penultimate trip year Hour and minute of penultimate trip Penultimate trip second Current date Current year Current time Current second

Table 8.1. “Display” mode parameter sequence

48

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

8.3. Parameter setting The ‘parameter setting’ menu can be accessed from any screen of the ‘display’ menu by pressing the SET key. The protection remains operational with the initial parameters, until the user returns to the ‘display’ menu by pressing on the SET key again.

When the relay is in the ‘parameter setting’ menu, the indication SET on the lower middle section of the relay screen allows the user to identify the menu quickly.

As a precautionary measure, the ‘parameter setting’ menu is protected by a password, which is entered each time the user wishes to access this menu. By default, all of the ekor. rp units have the password 0000. This password can be modified by the user as explained further on. This menu allows the user to make changes to various relay parameters. These parameters can be grouped as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Parameters for the protection and detection functions Date and time Communication parameters Information on the number of trips Password change

Figure 8.7. Parameter setting

8.3.1.

Protection parameters

The ekor.rp units include two methods for selecting the setting parameters. manual and automatic.

transformer power (Pt), and line voltage (Tr). From these 2 pieces of data, the relay sets the parameters according to:

The manual method consists of entering each protection parameter one by one. On the other hand, the automatic method makes the parameter entry easier and quicker for the user. In this method, the user simply enters 2 pieces of data: Installation

In =

Pt

(Tr × 3 )

The selected full load current value is achieved by always rounding up the value.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

49

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The rest of setting values are fixed (see the table below), although the user can change any of the values selected in

the program from the manual mode.

Phase protection Setting Overload factor Curve type Constant multiplier Short-circuit factor Trip time Tripping enabled

Earth protection

Automatic value 120 % EI 0.2 10(*) 0.1(*) DT

Setting Earth leakage factor Curve type Constant multiplier Short-circuit factor Trip time Tripping enabled

Automatic value 20 % NI 0.2 5 0.1(*) DT

* For protection using the ekor.rpt-101, 201 or 301 models with 5 – 100 A range transformers, the short-circuit factor is 7 and the instantaneous tripping time is 0.4. Table 8.2. Protection parameter

8.3.2.

Parameter setting menu

When accessing the ‘parameter setting’ menu through the SET key, the relay requests a password. The settings introduction area is accessed once it is verified that the password is correct. At this moment, manual configuration (CONF PAR) or automatic configuration (CONF TRAF) must be selected. You can change from one to the other using the ‘right’ and ‘left’ keys. Press the SET key to select the desired option. The diagram on the right graphically explains this process. Once inside any of the two settings entry areas, the user can move from one parameter to another using the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys, the same as in the ‘display’ mode. Press the ESC or SET key to exit this menu and access the ‘display’ menu. The ESC key will disregard all setting changes made previously, whereas the SET key will save all data before continuing. Figure 8.8. Parameter setting

50

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

To change a setting, proceed as follows: 1. Display the setting to be changed on the screen. 2. Press the ‘left’ or ‘right’ keys. The data will start to flash. 3. Adjust the value required with the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys. If the setting is numeric, the blinking number can be changed with the ‘left’ or ‘right’ keys. 4. To exit, press SET (save and exit), or ESC (clear changes and exit).

Figure 8.9. Setting modification

The password can be modified by first entering the current password. The process is explained graphically in the diagram on the right. As shown in this diagram, password modification consists of four steps.

Figure 8.10. Password modification

The two following tables show the protection parameters in the ‘parameter setting’ menu, along with an explanation of each of them and the values they can have. This information is shown for each of the two setting modes: manual or automatic.

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

51

Setting and handling menus

Parameter

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt Meaning

Range

I> I0> I>> I0>>

Phase curve type / unit disabling Zero-sequence curve type / unit disabling Enabling instantaneous phase unit Enabling instantaneous earth unit

In. A

Phase full load current

I> K I>> T>> **I0> K0 I0>> T0>> DATE YEAR HOUR SEC. *NPER *PROT *BAUD *PARI *LEN *STOP DT.AD YE.AD HR.AD SE.AD NTP NTG *V.0 PSWU

Phase overload factor Constant phase multiplier Phase instantaneous multiplier Phase instantaneous time delay Earth leakage factor Constant zero-sequence multiplier Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay Modify current day (day and month) Modify the current year Modify the current time Modify the current second Peripheral number Protocol number Transmission speed (kbps) Parity Word length Stop bits Day and month on which the last setting was made Year in which the last setting was made Time at which the last setting was made Second at which the last setting was made Number of phase trips Number of earth trips Firmware version Password modification

* Only available for firmware version 18 or later. ** In the case of zero-sequence toroidal transformer, the range is 0.5 A-In and the parameter is Ig. Table 8.3. Manual setting menu

ekor.soft communication protocol

[5]

52

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT OFF, DT OFF, DT 192 A for ekor.rpx - x01 480 A for ekor.rpx - x02 1.00 – 1.30 0.05 – 1.6 1 – 25 0.05 – 2.5 0.1 – 0.8 0.05 – 1.6 1 – 25 0,05 – 2,5 1 - 31 / 1 - 12 2000 – 2059 00: 00 - 23: 59 0 - 59 0 – 31 0000[5] MODBUS-0001 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4 No, even, odd 7; 8 1; 2 Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed 0000 - 9999

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt Parameter tP 0W Tvol DATE YEAR HOUR SEC. *NPER *PROT *BAUD *PARI *LEN *STOP DT.AD YE.AD HR.AD SE.AD NTP NTG NTE *V.0 PSWU

Meaning Transformer power (kVA) Line voltage (kV) Current day and month Current year Current time Current second Peripheral number Protocol number Transmission speed (kbps) Parity Word length Stop bits Day and month on which the last setting was made Year in which the last setting was made Time at which the last setting was made Second at which the last setting was made Number of phase trips Number of earth trips Number of external trips Firmware version Password modification

Range 50; 100; 160; 200; 250; 315; 400; 500; 630; 800; 1000; 1250; 1600; 2000 6,6; 10; 12; 13,2; 15; 20; 25; 30 1 – 31 / 1 - 12 2000 - 2059 00: 00 – 23: 59 0 - 59 0 - 31 0000[6] (MODBUS) - 0001 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4 No, even, odd 7, 8 1, 2 Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed Cannot be changed 0000 - 9999

* Only available for firmware version 18 or later Table 8.4. Automatic setting menu

ekor.soft communication protocol.

[6]

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

53

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

8.4. Trip recognition Whenever a trip occurs, the relay immediately accesses the ‘Trip recognition” menu. This menu can be easily identified because a blinking arrow is located on the upper part of the display, just below the name of the function that has caused the trip. The ekor.rp units signal five possible trip causes using the upper arrow: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Phase time-delayed trip Phase instantaneous trip Earth time-delayed trip Earth instantaneous trip External trip

I> I>> I0> I0>> Ext

To quit the ‘trip recognition’ menu, press the ESC key from any of the menu screens. The relay recognises that the user has checked the trip and then returns to the first screen of the ‘display’ menu. In any case, the trip data will continue to be available to the user from the ‘display’ menu until two new trips have occurred. The various screens of the of ‘trip recognition’ menu provide two types of information. The initial screen shows the current detected at the tripping moment, by phase or earth depending on the tripped unit. Subsequent ‘trip recognition’ screens display the date and time of the trip, along with the time elapsed from the unit start up to the trip.

Figure 8.11. Trip recognition

The following table shows the sequence in which the data appear. As in the rest of the menus, the ‘up’ and ‘down’ keys are used to scroll throughout the various data: Parameter Ix A Ix TM Ix DT Ix YE Ix HR Ix SE

Meaning Current at the tripping moment Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip Day and month on which the trip occurred Year in which the trip occurred Time at which the trip occurred Second in which the trip occurred

Where subscript x depends on the cause of the trip: e1 f, e2 f, e3 f or e0 f, for phase 1, phase 2, phase 3 or zero-sequence, respectively. Table 8.5. Appearance of data sequence

8.5. Error codes The ekor.rp units have a series of error codes used to warn the user regarding the different anomalies that may occur in the system. The different error codes are identified by a number, just as shown in the figure on the right. The following error codes may be displayed on the ekor.rp unitsp: Code shown on the display ER 01 ER 03

Meaning 230 Vca in the external trip input (this input is to be connected to a volt-free contact) Error when opening switch

Table 8.6. Error codes

54

Figure 8.12. Error display

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

8.6. Menu map (quick access) The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one.

Figure 8.13. Menu map (1)

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

55

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Figure 8.14. Menu map (2)

56

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Setting and handling menus

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The on-screen representation of the equipment for last and penultimate trips is detailed below:

Fault history log Hn Hn A | amp. Hn

|Fxy

Hn TM | time Hn DT | date Hn YE | year Hn HR | time Hn SE | sec.

Last trip (n = 2). Penultimate trip (n = 1) Current at the moment of tripping (A = amps) Reason for tripping: X = Trip at phase 1 (R), 2 (S), 3 (T), or (neutral), trip external (ext.) Y = Trip. time delayed (>) or instantaneous (>>) Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip (mSg.) Day and month on which the trip occurred Year in which the trip occurred Time at which the trip occurred Second in which the trip occurred

Table 8.7. Fault history

Figure 8.15. View of last and penultimate trips on the menu map

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

57

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

9. MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units The two communication ports of the relay use the same protocol: MODBUS in RTU transmission mode (binary). The main advantage of this mode over the ASCII mode is that the information is packed tighter, allowing a higher data transmission rate at the same communication speed. Each message must be transmitted as a continuous string, as the silences are used to detect the end of the message. The minimum duration of the silence is 3.5 characters. Start

Address

Function

Data

CRC

End

Silence

8 bits

8 bits

n x 8 bits

16 bits

Silence

Table 9.1. RTU message frame

The MODBUS address of the relay (also called peripheral number) is a byte that takes values between 0 and 31. The master addresses the slave, indicating its address in the respective field and the slave answers by indicating its own address. The ‘0’ address is reserved for the ‘broadcast’ mode so it can be recognised by all slaves.

1 2

ekor.bus Parametters settings

Figure 9.1. MODBUS address

9.1. Read / write functions In principle, only two functions will be implemented, one for reading and another for writing data. 9.1.1.

Data reading

Question: Start

Address

Function

Silence

SLAD

‘3’

Data ADDR-H

ADDR-L

NDATA-H

DATA1-H

DATA1-L

CRC

End

NDATA-L

16 bits

Silence

CRC

End

.......

16 bits

Silence

Table 9.2. Question

Response: Start

Address

Function

No. of bytes

Silence

SLAD

‘3’

N

Data

Table 9.3. Response

where: SLAD ADDR-H ADDR-L NDATA-H NDATA-L DATA1-H DATA1-L N

58

Slave address High byte of the address for the first register to be read Low byte of the address for the first register to be read High byte of the number of registers to be read Low byte of the number of registers to be read High byte of the first register requested Low byte of the first register requested Total number of data bytes. This will be equal to the number of registers requested, multiplied by 2

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

9.1.2.

Data writing

This makes it possible to write a single register at the address indicated Response: Start

Address

Function

Silence

SLAD

‘6’

Data ADDR-H

ADDR-L

DATA-H

DATA-L

CRC

End

16 bits

Silence

Table 9.4. Question

Response: The normal response is an echo of the query received where: SLAD ADDR-H ADDR-L DATA-H DATA-L

9.1.3.

Slave address High byte of the address for the register to be written Low byte of the address for the register to be written High byte of the data to be written Low byte of the data to be written

Response in case of error

Start

Address

Function

Error-Code

CRC

End

Silence

SLAD

FUNC_ERR

CODE_ERROR

16 bits

Silence

Table 9.5. Response in case of error

where: SLAD FUNC_ERR CODE_ ERROR

‘1’ ‘2’ ‘3’ ‘4’ ‘5’ ‘6’ ‘8’

Slave address Code of the function requested, with the most significant bit at 1 Code of the error occurred Error in the number of registers Wrong address Incorrect data Attempt made to read a write-only address Session error EEPROM error Attempt being made to write in a read-only address

9.2. Password-protected register writing The parameters are protected against writing by the user password. A write session of password-protected parameters starts by entering the password in the respective address. The write session ends with the update of registers once the

respective password has been transmitted again. If the timeout period has elapsed, the process is aborted and the system returns to normal mode. In normal mode, any attempt to write a protected registration will result in an error code 2’. The write session is valid for only one port (the one that entered the password has priority).

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

59

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

9.3. CRC generation The cyclical redundancy check (CRC) field contains two bytes that are added to the end of the message. The receiver must re-calculate it and compare it with the received value. Both values must be equal.

The CRC is the remainder obtained when dividing the message by a binary polynomial. The receiver must divide all bits received (information plus CRC) by the same polynomial used to calculate the CRC. If the remainder obtained is 0, the information frame is deemed correct. The polynomial used will be: X15+X13+1

9.4. Register map Field

Address

Contents

PHASE_TRIP_COUNTER

0x0008

from 5 to 100 if RATED_I = 0 from 15 to 630 if RATED_I = 1 0: OFF; 1: NI; 2: VI; 3:EI; 4: DT 0: OFF, 1: DT 0: 100 %; 1: 101 %; 2: 102 %,... 30: 130 % Vector_sum 0-sequence_toroidal 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; 0: 0.1; 1 :0.2; 2: 1.5 A …80 % …In 0: 0.05; 1: 0.06; ... 20 :1.6 0: 3; 1: 4;…17: 20 0 → 50 ms, 1 → 60 ms 2, → 70 ms, 3 → 80 ms 4 → 90 ms, 5 → 100 ms, 6 → 200 ms...2,5 s from 0000 to 9999

EARTH_TRIP_COUNTER

0x0009

from 0000 to 9999

EXTERNAL_TRIP_COUNTER USER_PASSWORD

0x000a 0x000b

ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (Io>)

0x000c

from 0000 to 9999 from 0000 to 9999 Vector_sum 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; …80%

In

0x0000

CURVE_PHASE– CURVE_ ZERO-SEQ PHASE_INST ZERO-SEQ_INST PHASE_INST_OVERLOAD (I>) ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (Io>)

0x0001 0x0002 0x0003 0x0004

K PHASE_INST_OCCUR

Ko ZERO-SEQ_INST_OCCUR

0x0005 0x0006

PHASE_INST_TIME

ZERO-SEQ_INST_TIME

0x0007

Table 9.6. User settings: user password-protected writing

60

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

0-sequence_toroidal 0: 0.1; 1: 0.2; 2: 0.3 A …In

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt Field

Address YEAR

User setting date

MONTH HOUR 00 PENULT_TRIP

DAY MINUTE SECONDS LAST_TRIP

0x0200 0x0201 0x0202 0x0203 0x0208

Contents RTC format Bit 0 1 2 3 4 5

Contents Trip by phase 1: L1, 2: L2, 3: L3 Zero-sequence trip NOT USED External trip Cause of the phase trip 0: overload, 1: short-circuit Cause of the zero-sequence trip. 0: overload, 1: short-circuit Double tripping

6

7 PHASE_LAST_TRIP_VALUE ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_VALUE

Tripping history log

PHASE_LAST_TRIP_TIME ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_TIME YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR MINUTE 00 SECONDS PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE

ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_TIME ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_TIME YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR MINUTE 00 SECONDS Phase current L1 Phase current L2

Current metering

Phase current L3 Zero-sequence current Inputs Software version

0x0209 0x020a 0x020b 0x020c 0x020d 0x020e 0x020f 0x0210 0x0211 0x0212 0x0213 0x0215 0x0216 0x0217 0x0218 0x0219 0x021a 0x021b 0x021c 0X021d 0X021e 0X021f 0X0220 0X0221 0X0222 0X0223 0X0224

Current in hundredths of an A Current in hundredths of an A Time in hundredths of a s Time in hundredths of a s RTC format Current in hundredths of an A Current in hundredths of an A Time in hundredths of a s Time in hundredths of a s RTC format

Hundredths of on A Hundredths of on A Hundredths of on A Hundredths of on A Bit 0: Input 1, bit 1: Input 2, etc.

0x0225 functions

0x0226

from 0 to 99

from A to Z

Table 9.7. History logs; measurements; inputs / outputs; soft version: read only

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

61

MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Field

Address

Contents

YEAR

0x0300 0x0301 0x0302 0x0303

from 2000 to 2059

MONTH HOUR 00

DAY MINUTE SECONDS

from 1 to 12 from 0 to 23 0

from 1 to 31 from 0 to 59 from 0 to 59

Table 9.8. Clock

Campo

Dirección

Contenido

USER PASSWORD KEY

0x0500

from 0 to 9999

Table 9.9. Password keys: writing only

62

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

10. Annex A 10.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v The following steps must be followed for correct commissioning: 10.1.1. Verify the power to be protected cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems Line voltage [kV]

ekor.rpg with 5 – 100 A transformers

6,6 10 13,8 15 20 25(1) 30(1) (1)

ekor.rpg with 15 – 630 A transformers

Min P [kVA]

[kVA]

Max P [kVA]

50 100 100 100 160 200 250

160 200 315 315 400 630 630

5000 7500 10000 12000 15000 20000 25000

for cgm.3 system cubicles only

Table 10.1. cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems

10.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers already installed

1 2

Bushing

3

Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers (already installed)

Test flatbar

Figure 10.1. Toroidal-core current transformers already installed

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

63

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

10.1.3. Connect the HV terminals

1

Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on the cable

1

Connect braid to earth collector

Figure 10.3. Earth collector

Figure 10.2. Connected terminals

10.1.4. External connections 1. Remove the terminal box cover.

2. Connect to terminal block: a. G1 - G2: 230 Vac or 48Vdc (depending on model A or B) b. G5 - G6: external trip (thermostat)

Figure 10.4. Terminal box

Figure 10.5. Connect to terminal block

64

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

10.1.5. Set relay 1. Automatic mode: Installation kV and kVA 2. Manual mode: Parameters: I>, I0>, I>>,...

Earth setting Phase setting

Type of neutral

Solid or Isolated or impedant resonant

EI Curve Curve Instantaneous TD Instantaneous

NI

NI

TD

TD

I>

1.2 Io>

0.2

0.1 / Ig = 2 A(*)

K I>> T>>

0.2 Ko

0.2

0.2

Io>> 0.1 To>> 10

5

5

0.1

0.2

(*) In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table 10.2. Table of settings

Figure 10.6. Relay

10.1.6. Trip test with current 1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch. 2. Remove 230 Vac (G1 - G2) to check that the selfpower supply is operating (except B models). 3. Inject test current:

-- In two phase trip flatbars -- In one earth trip flatbar 4. Repeat for I1, I2 and I3.

Figure 10.7. Trip test with current

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

65

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

10.1.7. External trip test 1. Short-circuit the G5 and G6

2. Check trip and indication ‘EXT’

Figure 10.8. Bornas cortocircuitables

Figure 10.9. Indication “EXT”

10.1.8. Commissioning: 1. Check I1 ≈ I2 ≈ I3 2. Check I0 ≈ 0 3. Check 230 Vca connection (if available)

10.1.9. What to do in the event of Error

Reason

Possible causes

Error 01

Incorrectly connected thermometer

Error 03

Switch Error

I0 ≠ 0

Grid fault incorrectly connected or secondary circuit disconnected

I1 ≠ I2 ≠ I3

Unbalance

I123 > 5 A and led ‘On’ switched off Relay trip in I0>> when closing switch

Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact) Switch mechanical blocking Relay trip wiring error Auxiliary contact error Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly connected Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection Check secondary circuits

Selfpowered

Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer Incorrectly connected relay wiring

Time T0 >> insufficient

Real fault present. Check if T0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error

Relay trip in I>> when closing switch

I >> insufficient

Relay will not communicate

Fault in communication

Real fault present Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak (10 times In ) Incorrect communication cable connections Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay Incorrect configuration of communication parameters

Table 10.3. Error

66

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one..

Figure 10.10. Menu map (1)

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

67

Annex A

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Figure 10.11. Menu map (2)

68

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11. Annex B 11.1. Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p The following steps must be followed for correct commissioning: 11.1.1. Verify the power to be protected cgmcosmos System

(1) (2)

Line voltage [kV]

Fuse rated voltage [kV]

6.6 10 13.8 15 20

3 / 7.2 6 / 12 10 / 24 10 / 24 10 / 24

Minimum transformer power Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

16 10 16 16 16

50 100 100 125 160

Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] 160 160 (1) 100 125 (2) 125 (1)

[kVA] 1250 1250 1250 1600 2000

442 mm cartridge 125 A SIBA SSK fuse

Table 11.1. cgmcosmos System

cgm.3 System

(1) (2)

Line voltage [kV]

Fuse rated voltage [kV]

6.6 10 13.8 15 20 25 30

3 / 7.2 6 / 12 10 / 24 10 / 24 10 / 24 24 / 36 24 / 36

Minimum transformer power Fuse rating [A]

[kVA]

16 16 10 16 16 25 25

50 100 100 125 160 200 250

Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] 160 (1) 125 63 63 63 80 (2) 80 (2)

[kVA] 1000 1250 800 1000 1250 2000 2500

442 mm cartridge SIBA SSK fuse (check)

Table 11.2. cgm.3 System

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

69

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11.1.2. Toroidal-core current transformers Installed on cables. If the earthing grid originates from: - underneath the toroidal-core current transformer: do not pass the grid through it. - above the toroidal-core current transformer: pass the grid through it. Make sure that the screen does not touch any metal part before connecting it to the cubicle earth collector.

1 2 3 4

Power supply board Earthing grids Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers Cables

Figure 11.1. Toroidal

11.1.3. Connect the HV terminals

1

Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on the cable.

1

Connect braid to earth collector

Figure 11.3. Earth collector

Figure 11.2. Connected terminals

70

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11.1.4. External connections 1. Remove the control box cover.

2. Connect to the power supply board: c. J1: external trip (thermostat) d. J4: 230 Vac or 48 Vdc (depending on model A or B)

Figure 11.5. Connect to the power supply board Figure 11.4. Control box

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

71

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11.1.5. Set relay 1. Automatic mode: Installation kV and kVA 2. Manual mode: Parameters: I>, I0>, I>>

Phase setting

IN =

S (UN · 3)

Curve

Instantaneous

I>

K

I>>

T>>

EI

TD

1.2

0.2

7

0.4

Table 11.3. Table of Phase setting

Earth setting Type of neutral Solid or impedant Isolated or resonant

Curve

Instantaneous

Io>

Ko

Io>>

To>>

NI

TD

0.2

0.2

5

0.4

NI

TD

0.1

0.2

5

0.4

* In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used. Table 11.4. Table of Earth setting

Figure 11.6. Relay

72

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11.1.6. Trip test with current 1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch 2. Remove 230 Vac (J4) to check that the selfpower supply is operating (except B models). 3. Inject test current:

-- Insert the cable in two toroidal-core current transformers for phase tripping -- Insert the cable in one toroidal-core current transformer for earth tripping 4. Repeat for I1, I2 and I3..

Figure 11.7. Trip test with current

11.1.7. External trip test 1. Short-circuit the J1

2. Check trip and indication ‘EXT’

Figure 11.8. Connect to the power supply board

Figure 11.9. Indication “EXT”

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

73

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

11.1.8.

Commissioning

1. Check I1 ≈ I2≈ I3 2. Check I0 ≈ 0 3. Check 230 Vca connection (if available)

11.1.9. What to do in the event of Error

Reason

Possible causes

Error 01

Incorrectly connected thermometer

Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact)

Error 03

Switch error

Switch mechanical blocking Relay trip wiring error Auxiliary contact error

I0 ≠ 0

Grid fault incorrectly connected or secondary circuit disconnected

Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly connected

I1 ≠ I2 ≠ I3

Unbalance

Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection Check secondary circuits

Self powered

Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer Incorrectly connected relay wiring

Time T0 >> insufficient

Real fault present Check if T0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error

I123 > 5 A and led ‘On’ switched off Relay trip in I0>> when closing switch Relay trip in I>> when closing switch

I >> insufficient

Relay will not communicate

Fault in communication

Real fault present Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak (10 times In ) Incorrect communication cable connections Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay Incorrect configuration of communication parameters

Table 11.5. Error

74

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Annex B

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the 5.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one.

Figure 11.10.

Menu map (1)

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

75

Annex B

Figure 11.11.

76

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Menu map (2)

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Notes

Notes

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

77

Notes

General Instructions ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Notes

78

IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

Subject to changes without prior notice. For more information, contact Ormazabal.

Ormazabal Protection & Automation IGORRE Spain www.ormazabal.com