SPE-1000-13 Model Code For The Field Evaluation of Electrical Equipment [PDF]

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ECP455 SPE-1000-13 Model Code for the field evaluation of electrical equipment

Fall 2018

SPE-1000-13 • This code was published in May 2013 by CSA • To get this code go to http://shop.csa.ca/en/canada/c221canadian-electrical-code/spe-1000-13/invt/27000652013 • This is the fourth edition.

Objective • The objective of the Code is to address the minimum construction, marking and test requirements that are consistent with maintaining the level of safety for electrical equipment and products so as not to present an unacceptable risk to persons or property before it can be labeled. • This code is not a substitute for certification. • The evaluation must be acceptable to the AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction). • Certification of that equipment is impracticable or otherwise unavailable.

Contents • • • • • • • •

Section 0: Introduction Section 1: Scope Section 2: Definitions and Reference Publications Section 3: General Requirements Section 4: Construction Section 5: Marking Section 6: Tests Tables/Figures/Annexes

Introduction • Field evaluation of equipment should be undertaken only by fully qualified and competent persons • The person should have a lot of experience in the field evaluation to Canadian safety requirements • Used with the Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, this Model Code addresses the minimum requirements for equipment as they pertain to electrical safety.

Where the does code apply? a) custom-built equipment for special applications; b) equipment manufactured on a non-repetitive basis; c) equipment sold in quantities of not more than 500 on a national basis, per model, per year; d) equipment not obtainable as “certified” under a regular certification program; e) equipment already installed or ready for use on-site and awaiting acceptance by the AHJ; f) complete systems or sub-assemblies that are all available for examination and testing during the evaluation process; g) other electrical equipment as determined by the AHJ.

Definitions Approved (as applied to electrical equipment): a)

equipment that has been certified by a certification organization such as CSA.

b) equipment that conforms to the requirements of the AHJ Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ): The organization, office, or person authorized to determine what electrical equipment, appliance, or device may be installed, used, or sold within their area of jurisdiction. Field evaluation: A process similar to the Special Inspection process, whereby electrical equipment or a product is tested/evaluated for the purpose of determining conformance to the requirements of this Code.

Definitions • Enclosure: A housing, cabinet, or assembly that may contain shock, mechanical, or fire hazardous components, and that minimizes the risk of injury to a person (operator).

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Definitions • Exposed (as applied to live parts): Live parts that can be touched or approached nearer than a safe distance by a person.

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Definitions • Open (as applied to electrical equipment): Moving parts, windings, or live parts that are exposed to accidental contact.

Definitions • Operator/user access area: Any area to which access can be gained without the use of a tool, or any area for which the means of access is deliberately provided to the operator. • Control circuit: The circuit that carries the electric signals directing the performance of a control device, but that does not carry the power that the device controls. • Portable (as applied to electrical equipment): The equipment is specifically designed not to be used in a fixed position and receives current through the medium of a flexible cord or cable and usually an attachment plug.

DEFINITIONS • Power supply cord: An assembly consisting of a suitable length of flexible cord or power supply cable provided with an attachment plug at one end.

• Cord-connected equipment: Equipment that is connected to the electrical supply by a cord set or a power supply cord terminating in a suitable attachment plug.

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• Permanently connected equipment: Equipment that is electrically connected to the supply by means of connectors that can be accessed, loosened, or tightened only with the aid of a tool.

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Definitions • Rated load: Any ampere, watt, or horsepower rating given to electrical equipment by the manufacturer. • Rated voltage: The voltage or range of voltages given to electrical equipment by the manufacturer. V < 30 V Extra-Low Voltage • Voltage: 30V < V < 750V

Low Voltage

750V < V

High Voltage

Definitions Hazards • Energy: A hazard that exists at any part of a piece of equipment where there exists a stored energy level of 20 J or more.

Definitions Hazards • Mechanical: A risk of injury to a person or operator that can exist if

a) power-operated moving parts such as gears are accessible during intended operation and are capable of causing cuts, b) sharp edges, c) the unit is unstable in normal use, d) there is the likelihood that a body or part of a body or clothing could be caught in moving parts, resulting in injury.

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Definitions Hazards • Shock: A hazard considered to exist at any part where the open-circuit voltage between the part and any other part of the same equipment exceeds 30 V rms or 42.4 V peak and is capable of delivering hazardous voltage. • Hazardous voltage: A voltage exceeding 30 V rms (42.4 V peak) https://www.google.ca/search?q=shock+hazard&client=firefoxb&dcr=0&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwixh8_q_vYAhURWqwKHXejDyYQ_AUICigB&biw=1920&bih=915#imgrc=Y_SfGntgYRnnlM:

General Requirements • Electrical equipment constructed according to a particular Standard shall not incorporate other features or materials that impair the safety of the equipment under conditions of normal operation. • Components of electrical equipment covered by a particular Standard shall be suitable for the intended application, and shall a) be approved b) comply with those requirements of the component Standard.

Safety and protection ELECTRIC SHOCK • Electrical equipment shall, a) protect the user against accessing parts at hazardous voltage by fixed or locked covers, interlocks, internal barriers. b) prevent exposure to hazardous voltage by using insulation within its mechanical and electrical limits or ratings. c) limit leakage current to the equipment body such that no shock hazard exists.

Safety and protection FIRE • Fire hazards that can be caused by overloads, component failure, insulation breakdown, high resistance, or loose connections shall be minimized by a) proper application of components to avoid high temperatures that can cause ignition b) controlling the position of combustible materials in relation to possible ignition sources c) limiting the quantity of combustible materials used d) using enclosures or barriers, where necessary, to limit the spread of fire within the equipment e) using suitable materials for the outer enclosures of the equipment.

Safety and Protection MECHANICAL AND HEAT HAZARDS • The electrical equipment shall be constructed to a) prevent injury due to high temperatures of parts accessible to the operator b) ensure that it is mechanically stable and structurally sound c) avoid the presence of sharp edges and points d) provide adequate guarding or interlocking of dangerous moving parts e) provide ventilation to dissipate heat

Safety and Protection MATERIALS • Materials used in the construction of electrical equipment are expected to perform in a reliable manner without a risk of energy hazard or electric shock, and fire hazard.

Safety and Protection • Wiring connection screws shall have machine screw threads and shall thread into metal. Plastic shall not be used to maintain the electrical connection pressure.

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Safety and Protection ELECTRICAL INSULATION • Insulating material shall include consideration of a) b) c) d) e) f)

mechanical strength; dielectric strength; insulation resistance; heat and moisture absorption-resistant properties; the degree of enclosure or protection any other factors that might have a bearing on the fire and accident hazard under conditions of actual use.

Construction ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS • Electrical component parts in primary circuits of equipment shall be of types specifically approved for the use intended or shall be investigated with, and as an integral part of, the equipment. • Overcurrent devices and overload devices such as fuses and circuit breakers, shall be suitable for the application. • Transformers: connected in primary circuits shall be so constructed or protected as not to constitute a fire or shock hazard under normal operating conditions.

Construction ENCLOSURES • Enclosures of equipment shall be constructed and assembled so that they provide a) b) c) d)

the strength and rigidity necessary to resist the abuses a resistance to burning equivalent to that of metal no access to internal hazards without the use of a tool. protection against the action of oil, moisture, dust.

Construction - Mechanical assembly • Electrical components shall be securely and rigidly fastened, and shall be prevented from turning by means other than friction between surfaces where turning of the component would result in the reduction of spacings below the minimum required. A lock washer shall not be considered an acceptable means to prevent the turning of stem-mounted components.

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Construction - Mechanical assembly • Equipment that requires the consumption of some material (liquid or powder)for its intended use shall be so constructed that, spilled material does not contact live parts. • Screw threads and sharp-pointed screws shall not extend into a wiring compartment.

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Construction - Stability • Equipment or combinations of equipment such as carts or rackmounted equipment, under normal use or conditions of service with all user/operator movable parts in the most unfavorable position, shall be constructed to prevent hazardous physical instability.

Construction - Stability • Where the movement of equipment provided with casters is likely to constitute a hazard, at least two casters of such equipment shall be capable of being locked.

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Construction - Supply circuit disconnecting means • Safely and simultaneously disconnect all ungrounded conductors of the circuit at the point of supply. • Indicate the ON and OFF positions.

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Construction – Power Supply Cord BUSHINGS

• At the point where a flexible cord or insulated conductor passes through an opening in a enclosure, a suitable bushing or the equivalent shall be provided that is substantial and reliably secured in place. The hole shall have a smoothly rounded surface against which the cord or insulated conductor can bear. http://www.fatiguetech.com/img/force mate-installation.jpg

Construction INTERNAL WIRING • The internal wiring of equipment shall consist of wire with insulation that is suitable for the particular application: a) b) c) d) e)

the temperature and voltage, exposure to oil, grease, Amperes, exposure to moisture, other conditions of service to which the wire is likely to be subjected.

• Wire ways shall be of adequate size and shall be smooth and entirely free from projections, sharp edges. • Wiring shall be suitably routed and secured.

Construction FUSES AND FUSE HOLDERS • Fuse holders shall be approved types that are suitable for the intended application. • Fuse holders accessible to an operator shall be wired so that no live parts are exposed to contact by a person removing or replacing a fuse. • The fuse rating shall be marked adjacent to all primary circuit fuses.

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Marking – Identification label • Equipment shall be plainly marked in a permanent manner, where the details will be readily visible after installation without use of a tool, with the following: a)

manufacturer‘s name, or trademark,

b) c)

model number, Electrical rating: Supply voltage, input in amperes, watts, frequency, number of phases, required caution markings, horsepower rating of motor(s) used within the equipment, enclosure-type classification where intended for other than indoor or dry location usage.

d) e) f)

Marking • Equipment intended for connection to more than one supply circuit shall be marked to indicate the presence of more than one supply circuit. • Electrical equipment and products evaluated and found to be in conformity with this Model Code shall be marked with a serialized label containing the information of one of the label examples identified in Annex D.

Dielectric voltage withstand • For equipment (or components) rated 250 V or less, a 1000 V ac test voltage shall be applied for 1 min, without breakdown, between live parts and exposed non-current-carrying metal parts, and between live parts and accessible extra-low-voltage secondary circuits. • For equipment rated over 250 V, but not more than 600 V, the test voltage shall be 1000 V ac + 2 Vi, where Vi is the input voltage rating of the equipment. • For equipment rated 30 V or less, the test voltage shall be 500 V ac. The dielectric strength test may be made by applying a dc voltage instead of an ac voltage, provided that the voltage used is 1.414 times the values specified. As an alternative, a test voltage 20% higher may be applied for 1 s.

Flame • This test shall be conducted on the enclosure of the equipment where it is made of a non-metallic material. • The tip of the flame from a paper match shall be applied to the material being investigated for not less than 15 s at the most vulnerable spot, such as an edge or reinforcing rib. • The material shall not continue to burn for more than 5 s after removal of the flame.

Strain Relief • The strain relief mechanism on equipment provided with a power supply cord or an interconnecting cord shall: a) withstand for 1 min a direct pull equal to three times the mass of the device, or 15.9 kg, whichever is less; and b) prevent the cord from rotating or being pushed into the equipment through the cord entry hole, where such displacement is liable to cause a hazard.

Strain relief shall be provided where a supply cord enters an enclosure so that mechanical strain on the supply cord is not transmitted to terminals, splices, or internal wiring.

Leakage Test • Leakage current shall not exceed the value specified in a particular CSA Standard used in the electrical equipment or product evaluation • Leakage current tests are performed with the equipment at normal operating temperature.

Sample label