Radiation and Environment [PDF]

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RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION Hello sir!Before I started my presentation I will introduced myself first.My name is CASSY LUGAK and I’m from AS1205D. INTRODUCING THE TOPIC Today Iam going to talk about the topic that I have choose which is radiation and environment.I will start with the history of radiation and how it has been known and be very powerful energy nowadays.It is actually started with one of the French Physicst which is Henri Becquerrel.The story started around 1896,when scientific community was fascinated with the recent discovery of a new type of radiation.Before that,William Confard Roentgen has found Crookes tubes that has been using to study cathrodes rays emitted a new kind of invisible ray and Bequerel heard about this in January 1896 at meeting of the French Academy of Sciences.He learning more about it and he was test his idea which is phosphoreseent uranium salt he had been studying might absorb sunlight and reemit it as x-rays.He then placed the crystals of uranium salt on top of wrapped plates and put whole setup outside the sun.After that,he can saw outline of the crystals and he also placed coins and cut of metal shapes and he also found it can produce outlines too.Becquerel take this evidence and he reported the result to French Academy of Science in meeting on February 24 1896.But he does not want to stop and continue his experiment but the weather in Paris did not okay and become overcast for next several days in late February.he have to put the uranium crystal and photographic away in a drawer.On March 1,he was opened the draw found out than he only see very image and the next day he reported to Academy of Science that uranium emitted radiation without any simulation from sunlight.He did further test to confirm that sunlight was unecessary that uranium salts emitted the radiation on their own.Last but not least,Becquerel initially believe his rays similar to x-rays.No one investigated the effect any further until decade later when Becquerel repeated essentially the same experiment on the March 1896. EXPLAN RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENT. Next I will explaining how radiation have a very strong relation to our environment and give effect too.For our information,that radiation has always been a natural part of our environment.Radiation also have the potential for beneficial and harmful effects to our environment.Most of people given the category of radiation known as ‘ionizing radiation’.This radiations can distrupt atoms,creating positive ion and negative electrons and cause biological harm.Ionizing radiation includes xrays,gamma rays,alpha particle,beta particles,neutrons and the varieties of cosmic rays. As we know,radiation can give a wide of benefial to our environment such as a medical use,,industrial uses and nuclear power plants.First of all radiation in medical uses for doctor to diagnose,monitor and treat a wide of metabollic processes and medical conditions in human.The most common of these medical procedure involve the use of x-rays(type of radiation that can past through our skin).When x-rayed,our bones and other structure cost shadows because they are denser than our skin and those shadows can be detected on photographic film.This allow doctor and dentist

to spot broken bones and dental problems.Not only that,in chemotherapy process it is actually use a radiation will cancerous tissue reduce the size of a tumor or reduce pain.For example,radiation(iodine-131) used to treat thyroid cancer. The third beneficial radiation to our environment to industrial use.In radiation,for instance.foods.medical equiqment and other substances are exposed to radiation(such as x-rays) to kill germs without harming the substance that being disinfected.To save our environment from pollutions,it is good to used radiation to help remove dangerous sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides from our environment.For agricultury industry make of radiation to improve food production and packaging.Plant seed,for example has been exposed to radiation to bring out new and better types of plants.last but not least,nowadays many country was in process to use nuclear energy to produce electricity.This is because electricity are produced by nuclear fission(splitting the atom).This energy was very beneficial for electricity because it a reliable(lean and affordable source of electricity).In nuclear powerplant actually fueled by uranium which emits radioactive subtances. Other than that,radiation also give a bad effect to our environment too.For example,ionizing radiation can make a large of exposure and can cause a cancer.The human awareness about radioactivity and ionizing radiation actually only 100 year.Back to history of x-rays and radioactivity it is the first evidence that ionizing can harm within a month after discovery of x-rays) when x-rays worker developed injuries to his skin.The radiation not only affected about the risk of cancer but it also increased risk of genetic defects.For example is exposure of fetus of birth,mental retardation.As we can see from the survivor of hiroshima-nagasaki bombings.This is a nuclear energy and from the analysis of doctor have shown an increase incidence of mental retardation among children who received large prenatal radiation doses,especially for exposures 8 to 15 weeks after conception. From all that I have present about radiation and environment.We can say radiation can be used but it have to be stirctly under control because the effect to people and really need and we must always be careful about the radiation energy.