FDD LTE 4T4R Network [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

FDD LTE 4T4R Network

)UTZKTZY

1

Scope

2

FDD LTE 4T4R Network Advantages Analysis

1.1. Concepts of FDD LTE MIMO 1.2. Ecosystem Update of FDD LTE MIMO

2.1. UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantages 2.2. FDD LTE DL 4x2 MIMO Advantages 2.3. FDD LTE DL 4x4 MIMO Advantages 2.4. FDD LTE DL eMIMO

3

FDD LTE 4T4R Real Network Performance 3.1. Use Case #1 DL 4x2 MIMO Network Analysis with Qualcomm 3.2. Use Case #2 First Commercial DL 4x2 MIMO + CA Network 3.3. Use Case #3 First 4x4 MIMO Trial with CPE

4

Conclusions 4.1. FDD 4T4R Network Evolution Benefits 4.2. 4T4R Terminals Ecosystem 4.3. 4T4R Market Update

5 6

Appendix

02 02 03 04 04 07 08 10 12 12 13 14 16 16 17 17

5.3. Standardization Progress of FDD LTE MIMO

17 17 18 18

Document Control Sheet

20

5.1. Abbreviations 5.2. LTE Simulation Case Specified by 3GPP

1

• 1.2. Ecosystem Update of FDD LTE MIMO

Scope

FDD DL 4x2 MIMO Ecosystem Support

With the fast growing 4G smartphone penetration and changing user behavior, the mobile broadband (MBB) data traffic is growing even faster than expected. However, it is hard and expensive to improve the capacity by adding more base stations and deploying more spectrums. As part of LTE standard technology, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is regarded as one of the most effective ways to improve the network capacity. As to the ecosystem, nowadays, nearly all FDD LTE terminals can enjoy the benefits of uplink (UL) 4-way receiver diversity and downlink (DL) 4x2 MIMO. In addition, with the maturity of DL 4x4 MIMO chipsets, DL 4x4 MIMO-capable LTE terminals will also be available in the first half of 2016. This white paper addresses the advantages and real network performances of FDD LTE 4T4R network and introduces the ecosystem information of the industry.

• 1.1. Concepts of FDD LTE MIMO MIMO is an enhancement of Single Input Single Output (SISO), and it uses multiple TX and/or RX antennas in combination with several signal processing techniques.

Tx

Nearly all LTE terminals released after 2012, (whatever the LTE categories, e.g. LTE Cat3, Cat4, Cat6 or even more latest), can support and enjoy the performance gain of DL 4x2 MIMO, such as Huawei Mate Series, Huawei Honor Series, Samsung Series and all Apple LTE smart phones.

FDD DL 4x4 MIMO Ecosystem Update Hisilicon Kirin 960 and Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 are among the first smartphone chipsets supporting 4x4 MIMO. Huawei Balong 750, Qualcomm 9x4x and GCT GDM7243Q are among the first CPE chipsets supporting 4x4 MIMO. Therefore, it is expected that not only 4x4 MIMO capable CPE but also 4x4 MIMO capable smart phones will be commercially available in the first half of 2016.

FDD LTE 4T4R Market Development 4T4R brings significant gains over 2T2R in terms of coverage, capacity and users’ perceived throughput, as described by following sections. More and more operators are interested in 4T4R, and Figure 1-2 summarizes the FDD LTE 4T4R network status by 2015H2 according to Huawei mLab information.

Rx

Transmitter

Receiver Turkey

#1

Encoder

#1

. . .

. . .

South Korea Canada Germany

Encoder USA

Japan Mexico

#M

China

#N

Kuwait Colombia

Figure 1-1: M x N MIMO

Nigeria Saudi Arabia

Chile South Africa

Figure 1-1 shows an example of MIMO using M antennas at the transmitter and N antennas at the receiver, which is also known as MxN MIMO. In this paper, we regard downlink as from eNodeB side to terminal side. So DL 4x2 MIMO means a system of 4 transmission antennas at the eNodeB side and 2 receive antennas at the user equipment (UE) side. On the other hand, “4T4R” indicates that the eNodeB is equipped with 4 antennas for downlink transmission and 4 antennas for uplink reception. 4T4R eNodeB can support DL 4x2 MIMO and 4x4 MIMO as well as UL 4-way receiver diversity.

Deploying or Deployed

Australia

Going to Deploy or Trial

Figure 1-2: FDD LTE 4T4R network status

MIMO techniques can be classified into Open-Loop (OL) MIMO and Closed-Loop (CL) MIMO based on whether the eNodeB uses the precoding matrix indicators (PMIs) reported by UEs for data transmission. OL MIMO does not require UEs to report PMIs while CL MIMO requires UEs to report PMIs. Therefore, CL MIMO, especially for 4x2 and 4x4 antenna configurations, can give better performance than OL MIMO in low mobility scenarios such as stationary terminals or at pedestrian speeds.

2

3

2

FDD LTE 4T4R Network Advantages Analysis

Throughput gain of 4RX over 2RX 200%

170% 141%

150%

• 2.1. UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantages

100% 57%

UL 4-way receiver diversity means that the eNodeB utilizes 4 antennas to receive the signals. On the one hand, with the help of diversity gain and interference mitigation gain, 4RX can extend the cell coverage by 3~5dB comparing with traditional 2RX, and greatly improve the cell capacity as well.

39%

50% 0% Case-1

On the other hand, the uplink 4RX can save UE’s transmission power when the UE is located close to the site due to enhanced demodulation capability at the eNodeB side. As a result it not only prolongs the UE battery life but also reduces the interference to neighboring cells.

Case-3

Gain of 4RX/Cell Average

Gain of 4RX/Cell Edge

Figure 2-2: Simulation gain of 4RX over 2RX with full-buffer services

UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantage of Coverage LTE is generally an uplink-limited network because LTE UE transmission power is limited to 23dBm and much lower than that of GSM devices. So when LTE UE is at the cell edge, uplink packets have a higher probability to be lost. 4RX is able to guarantee a consistent quality of services across the whole LTE network and typically at the cell edge.

From the Figure 2-2, one can see that 4RX can provide up to 60% cell average throughput gain and up to 170% throughput gain over 2RX at cell edge.

Average perceived throughput gain of 4RX over 2RX 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

70.8% 61.3% 39.6% 30.9% 19.6% 5.7%

Case-1 Gain of 4RX under 10% load

Case-3 Gain of 4RX under 50% load

Gain of 4RX under 70% load

Km:

4.77 3.81 2600MHz With 2R

2100MHz With 2R

5.55 4.82 2600MHz With 4R

1800MHz With 2R

7.01 6.02 2100MHz With 4R

1800MHz With 4R

Figure 2-1: Simulation results of cell radius of 4RX and 2RX

Figure 2-1 compares the coverage of 4RX and 2RX for 3 different frequencies. From the figure, it can be seen that 4RX can bring 25% extra cell coverage than 2RX for each band.

UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantage of Throughput Benefit by diversity gain and interference mitigation gain using an Interference Rejection Combining (IRC) receiver, 4RX can improve greatly the uplink throughput performances, as compared with the traditional 2RX.

Figure 2-3: Simulation gain of 4RX over 2RX with MBB services From the Figure 2-3, we can see that the users’ perceived throughput can be improved by up to 20% in a 10% low load network, up to 40% in a 50% medium load network, and up to 70% in a 70% high load network.

UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantage of Indoor Figure 2-4 gives the indoor performance throughput gain of 4RX over 2RX with full-buffer service. It is a typical suburban macro in China, where the frequency band is 1800MHz (Band3). From the figure, one can see that the users’ perceived throughput is improved by up to 140% for indoor scenarios.

Figure 2-2 and Figure 2-3 give the system simulation results with full-buffer and MBB services, respectively, between 4RX and 2RX in 3GPP cases 1 and 3 [1]. The MBB traffic is modelled according to Singapore Operator X’s network [2].

4

5

Accordingly, DL 4x2 MIMO can improve the coverage and capacity of the network, and is also beneficial to user experience especially for users located in the cell edge.

160% 132%

140%

140%

FDD LTE DL 4x2 MIMO Advantage of Coverage

125% 113%

120% 100%

For a given cell edge throughput requirement (e.g., 5Mbps when downloading), DL 4x2 CL MIMO can extend the downlink coverage by 3~6dB more than a 2x2 MIMO network.

88% 72%

80% 57%

60% 24%

FDD LTE DL 4x2 MIMO Advantage of Throughput

-105

Figure 2-6 compares the system simulation results with full-buffer services between DL 4x2 and 2x2 MIMO in 3GPP cases 1 and 3 [1].

40% 13%

20%

20%

0% -100

-104

-106

-107

-108

-110

-111

-112

-116

From the figure, one can see that DL 4x2 MIMO gives up to 15% average throughput gain and up to 30% cell edge gain over DL 2x2 MIMO.

Gain of 4RX/RSRP(dBm)

Figure 2-4: Indoor test throughput gain of 4RX over 2RX Throughput gain of 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO

UL 4-way Receiver Diversity Advantage of VoLTE

35%

Normally, the coverage of VoLTE is limited by the uplink path loss, and can be improved with the additional diversity gain of 4RX. Figure 2-5 compares the MOS result of VoLTE services. From the figure, one can see that 4RX is able to maintain VoLTE experience with high quality for extra 4dB.

30%

30%

25% 25% 20% 15%

15%

13%

10% 5%

5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

0%

MOS

Case-1

Case-3

Gain of 4x2 MIMO/Cell Average

Gain of 4x2 MIMO/Cell Edge

Figure 2-6: Simulation gain of DL 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO with full-buffer services Normalized Pathloss(dB) 0

2

4

6

Normal VoLTE

7

10

12

Normal VoLTE+4R

Figure 2-7 compares the system simulation results with MBB services between DL 4x2 and 2x2 MIMO in 3GPP case 1 under different cell loads. The MBB traffic model is given in [2]. From the Figure 2-7, one can see that the users’ perceived DL throughput is improved by about 15% in a 10% low load system, about 45% in a 50% medium load system, and about 75% in a 70% high load system.

Figure 2-5: Lab Test result of 4RX over 2RX with VoLTE services

• 2.2. FDD LTE DL 4x2 MIMO Advantages As compared with DL 2x2 MIMO, DL 4x2 CL MIMO can benefit from additional precoding gain due to the fact that finer codebook granularity is specified in 3GPP for 4 transmit antennas. Specifically, 2TX has at most 4 codebooks (i.e., 4 candidate beams) and the directional granularity per beam is 90 degrees. In contrast, 4TX has 16 candidate beams for each rank and the directional granularity per beam is about 25 degrees. Therefore, 4TX can steer a narrower beam towards the served terminal than 2TX, which means the useful signal power is higher and the interference is lower to other terminals. On the other hand, in order to guarantee the cell coverage (or RSRP, reference signal received power) remains unchanged, it is important that the transmission power of each antenna port is equivalent when updating a 2T2R network to 4T4R. That is to say, the transmit power per radio channel should remain the same, and the users can enjoy 3dB power gain for further performance enhancement.

Average perceived throughput gain of 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO 80%

75.5%

70% 60% 46.1%

50% 40% 30% 20%

16.1%

10% 0% Gain of 4x2 MIMO/low load(10%)

Gain of 4x2 MIMO/medium load(50%)

Gain of 4x2 MIMO/high load(70%)

Figure 2-7: Simulation gain of DL 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO with MBB services

6

7

FDD LTE DL 4x2 MIMO Advantage of Indoor Figure 2-8 gives the indoor test throughput gain of DL 4x2 MIMO over DL 2x2 MIMO with full-buffer service. It is a typical suburban macro in China, where the frequency band is 1800MHz (Band3). From the Figure 2-8, one can see that the users’ perceived throughput is improved by up to 50% for indoor scenarios.

Throughput gain of 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO 132%

140%

115%

120% 100%

85%

82%

80%

Indoor throughput gain of 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO

60%

60%

40% 50%

50%

20%

45% 40%

41%

0%

40% 33% 30%

Case-1

Case-3

18%

20% 10%

34%

28%

Gain of 4x4 MIMO/Cell Average

15%

Gain of 4x4 MIMO/Cell Edge

9%

0% -100

-104

-105

-106

-107

-108

-110

-111

-112

-116

Figure 2-9: Simulation gain of 4x4 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO with full-buffer services

Gain of 4x2 MIMO/RSRP(dBm)

Figure 2-8: Indoor test throughput gain of DL 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO

• 2.3. FDD LTE DL 4x4 MIMO Advantages As a further enhancement to DL 4x2 MIMO from the terminal aspect, DL 4x4 MIMO can benefit from the spatial multiplexing gain and 3~5dB receiver diversity gain. As compared with DL 2x2 MIMO, DL 4x4 MIMO doubles the peak rate and can significantly improve the coverage and capacity of the network.

FDD LTE DL 4x4 MIMO Advantage of Coverage For a given cell edge throughput requirement (e.g., 5Mbps when downloading), DL 4x4 MIMO can extend the cell coverage by 6~9 dB more than a 2x2 MIMO network, in which the contribution of extra two receiver antennas of UE is considered.

FDD LTE DL 4x4 MIMO Advantage of Throughput From the Figure 2-9, one can see that DL 4x4 MIMO gives up to 85% average throughput gain and up to 130% cell edge throughput gain over DL 2x2 MIMO.

8

9

• 2.4. FDD LTE DL eMIMO eMIMO stands for enhanced MIMO. With eMIMO technologies, DL 4x2 MIMO can bring better performance than conventional 4x2 MIMO. All eMIMO technologies are fully feasible to both 4x2 MIMO and 4x4 MIMO configurations.

FDD LTE eMIMO 1.0 The eMIMO 1.0 is composed mainly of Coordinated Beam Scheduling (CBS) , MU-MIMO and inter-sector MIMO. For the CBS, inter-sector interference is coordinated in the spatial domain and an aggressive link adaptation technique is utilized to improve the system performance.. For the MU-MIMO, two users are scheduled on the same time-frequency resource, if users paring can bring higher spectrum efficiency than an individual user. The eMIMO 1.0 is applicable to existing passive antenna system, and has no dependency on terminals, which implies that it is also beneficial to Release-8 UEs. Based on system simulation evaluation, DL 4x2 eMIMO 1.0 gain is about 20~25% comparing with DL 2x2 MIMO. When the users are at the overlapping area of the neighbor sectors, they usually suffer from serious interference, thus very limited data can be transferred. With inter-sector MIMO, these users can utilize the signals from the two separate antennas served for different sectors to form DL 4x4 MIMO. So, the peak rate of the users in overlapping area will be doubled. eMIMO 1.0 takes effect at the overlapping area of inter-sectors, so it is very suitable to be deployed at the small inter site distance scenario, including both outdoor 6-sector scenario and indoor scenario.

FDD LTE eMIMO 2.0 The eMIMO 2.0 will newly introduce the Enhanced Beam Forming and Auto Beam Forming (ABF) on the basis of eMIMO 1.0. For the Enhanced Beam Forming, the new CSI reporting mode, i.e., PUSCH 3-2, and new 4Tx codebook are used to provide more refined feedback granularity to further increase the closed-loop precoding gain. This technology depends on Release-12 terminals due to the CSI reporting mode being needed. For the ABF, it depends on latest RF platform. Based on system simulation evaluation, the gain is about 25~50% even with legacy 2-receiver terminals over a 2x2 MIMO network.

25~50%

10~20%

20~25%

1

1

2

2

3 4

1

DL 2X2

DL 4X2

eMIMO Phase l

eMIMO Phase ll

Auto Beamforming

Enhanced Beamforming

Coordinate Beamforming

Multi-User MIMO

Figure 2-10: eMIMO technologies and expected gains

10

11

FDD LTE 4T4R Real Network Performance

3

• 3.1. Use Case #1 DL 4x2 MIMO Network Analysis with Qualcomm Background: Huawei cooperates with Qualcomm together to verify the performance of DL 4x2 MIMO at the commercial network of Operator A. Two commercial clusters are used to evaluate the gain. One cluster is composed of 9 sites and the average downlink load is about 6%. Another cluster is composed of 10 sites and the average downlink load is about 15%.

Hardware Configuration: 10MHz at AWS band (Band-4).

• 3.2. Use Case #2 First Commercial DL 4x2 MIMO + CA Network Market Background: Operator T activated DL 4x2 MIMO on its 58 commercial sites. Downlink Carrier Aggregation (CA) is enabled at the AWS band (Band-4, 4x2 MIMO) and the PCS band (Band-2, 2x2 MIMO)..

Hardware Configuration: • 15MHz at AWS band with 4x2 MIMO and 10MHz at PCS band with 2x2 MIMO. • CA is enabled at the PCS band with the AWS band.

The Typical Types of the Devices of the Network: iPhone 5S, Samsung S5 and Huawei Mate 7 and so on. Result Highlight: To guarantee the RSRP stable and avoid extra network optimization, 30W output power per antenna port is configured in the AWS band for both 2x2 MIMO and 4x2 MIMO.

Result Highlight: For both 2x2 MIMO and 4x2 MIMO, 20W output power is configured per antenna port, such that the RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) remains stable after activating 4T4R and no extra network optimization is required. Based on counters analysis of two contiguous weeks, both the average DL cell throughput and the average user experience are improved significantly, as depicted in Figure 3-1. DL cell throughput is defined as the ratio of the total downlink payload bit number of the whole cell to the cell transmission time. DL user throughput is defined as the ratio of the total downlink payload bit number of the whole cell to all the users’ transmission time. UL cell throughput and UL user throughput can be defined similarly. In addition, 4x2 MIMO increases the dual-layer utilization ratio (i.e., rank=2) and 64QAM usage by over 10%, and the averaged CQI and DL MCS by about one level.

Figure 3-2 depicted the user throughput scatter points versus downlink traffic volume, based on counters of two contiguous weeks. Each scatter point in the figure stands for an hourly counter, where the x-coordinate is the total downlink traffic volume of all the 58 sites and y-coordinate is the average DL user throughput. Define the maximum total traffic volume of 2500Mbytes to be 100%, the network performance on non-busy hours can be reflected by the scatter points of lower than 30% traffic and that on busy hours can be reflected by the scatter points of above 70% traffic. From the Figure 3-2, one can see that DL user throughput is improved by 18.2% on non-busy hours and 36.7% on busy hours. On the other hand, at the same DL user throughput, the downlink traffic volume is increased by 24.5% on busy hours. In addition, 4x2 MIMO increases the dual-layer utilization ratio (i.e., rank=2) from 35% to 50%, and the averaged CQI and DL MCS by 0.5 to 1 level. DL 4x2 MIMO is also well cooperated with DL CA.

Other key performance indicators remain stable.

Other key performance indicators remain stable.

Throughput Gain of DL 4x2 MIMO over DL 2x2 MIMO 50%

44.9%

30%

21.3%

22.5%

20%

13.6% 10% 0%

Cluster-1(load=6%) Gain of 4x4 MIMO/DL Cell Throughput

Cluster-2(load=15%) Gain of 4x4 MIMO/DL User Throughput

Cpacity Gain Service.DL.Avg.Throughput（kbps）

40%

30000 25000 18.2% 20000 36.7%

15000 53.4% 10000 5000

24.5% 30%

70%

0 0

1000

500

Figure 3-1: DL throughput gain of 4x2 MIMO over 2x2 MIMO

1500

2000

2500

3000

DL.Traffic.Volume(Mbytes) 2x2

4x2

Linar(2x2)

Linar(4x2)

Figure 3-2: Throughput Gain of 4T4R over 2T2R

12

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• 3.3. Use Case #3 First 4x4 MIMO Trial with CPE Background: Huawei test World 1st FDD DL 4x4 MIMO CPE, Huawei B5328-155, at 4T4R field test network to verify the gain of DL 4x4 MIMO with DL 2x2 MIMO under real RF surrounding. Hardware Configuration: 20MHz at 2600MHz (Band-7).

Test condition: Compare downlink link budget performance between DL 4x4 MIMO (with 4T at eNodeB side and 4R at UE side) and DL 2x2 MIMO (with 2T at eNodeB side and 2R at UE side). Result Highlight: From figure 3-4 we can see that, DL 4x4 MIMO can enjoy nearly 70%~80% gain at all RSRP scenarios. And benefited by the gain of 4T and eNodeB site and 4R at UE side, the DL 4x4 MIMO CPE still have more than 10Mbps of downlink throughput when RSRP is -114dBm, at which level DL 2x2 MIMO can hardly have any traffic.

Downlink Throughput (Mbps) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -70

-75

-80

-85

-90

-95

4x4 MIMO

-100

-105

-110

-115

-120

2x2 MIMO

Figure 3-4: Field Test Result of DL 4x4 MIMO CPE and DL 2x2 MIMO CPE

Huawei also supply various kinds of latest baseband processing boards for BBU.

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4

• 4.2. 4T4R Terminals Ecosystem

Conclusions

First commercial FDD DL 4x4 MIMO, CPE, is already released in 2015H2. It is expected that first commercial FDD DL MIMO 4x4 smartphones will be available by 2016.

The simulation result and the real network performance uniformly verify the obvious gain brought by FDD LTE 4T4R solution. 4T4R is the most efficient way to improve the network throughput capacity. The extended coverage will improve the VoLTE user experience at the cell edge as well. Furthermore, the evolution of the MIMO technology will keep to increase the gain. So nowadays, 4T4R is regarded as the standard configuration of high bands. More and more operators adopt 4T4R solution during the deployment of the new high bands.

• 4.3. 4T4R Market Update Some leading operators have already deployed eNodeB based on 4T4R hardware. Therefore their networks are fully ready for taking advantages of higher order MIMO. Moreover it is expected that the 4T4R rollout will accelerate by 2016 as commercial 4x4 MIMO-capable terminals will be released to the market. Especially first commercial 4T4R smartphones should be available by 2016.

• 4.1. FDD 4T4R Network Evolution Benefits The following figure summaries the operators’ benefits when migrating from 2T2R to 2T4R or 4T4R for both uplink and downlink. An operator investing into 4T4R platform can cumulate several competitive advantages including: 1. Reduction of the number of LTE sites (mainly due to 4RX diversity) 2. Better end-users’ service experience at the cell edge (strategic in today modern communications) 3. Higher DL cell capacity (both peak and average throughput)

5. Competitive network capacity solution in case of limited spectrum resources

UPLINK

2Tx

Cell Edge Speed +50%

4Rx Diversity Improve Uplink Coverage Optimize Cell Edge User Experience, Especially VoLTE Users

Today LTE Devices To Take Advantages of 4Rx Diversity From Day 1

2Tx

DOWNLINK

DL 4x2 MIMO

4Tx

DL Speed +20%

DL 4x4 MIMO

Peak Speed +100%

eMIMO

Avg. Speed +80%

Extra Speed +20%

st

World 1 4x4 MIMO Smartphone Chipset

Snapdragon 820

2015

st

World 1 4x4 MIMO CPE

st

World 1 4x4 MIMO Smart Phone

2016

Figure 5-1: Summary of Higher Order MIMO Evolution

16

Appendix

• 5.1. Abbreviations

4. Higher end-users throughput

4Tx

5

2017

AAU ABF BF CA CBS CL CSI CQI DL FDD IRC LTE LTE-A MBB MHz MIMO MU OL PMI RAN RRU RSRP SISO SU UE UL VoLTE

Active Antenna Unit Auto Beam Forming Beam Forming Carrier Aggregation Coordinated Beam Scheduling Closed-Loop Channel State Information Channel Quality Indicator Downlink Frequency Division Duplex Interference Rejection Combining Long Term Evolution (evolved air interface based on OFDMA) LTE Advanced Mobile Broadband Mega hertz Multiple Input Multiple Output Multi-User Open-Loop Precoding Matrix Indicator Radio Access Network Radio Remote Unit Reference Signal Received Power Single Input Single Output Single-User User Equipment Uplink Voice over LTE

17

• 5.2. LTE Simulation Case Specified by 3GPP 1. The system simulation scenarios are aligned with the 3GPP guidelines specified in Section A2.1 “System simulation assumptions” in 3GPP TS36.814 or 3GPP TR25.814, and some of which are reflected in Table 6-1. Case 1 is a typical urban macro and Case-3 is a typical rural area.

3GPP Scenario

Carrier Frequency

Inter-site distance

Band Width

Penetration

Speed

Case-1

2.0 GHz

500 m

10 MHz

20 dB

3 km/h

Case-3

2.0 GHz

1732 m

10 MHz

20 dB

3 km/h

2. The MBB services are modelled in accordance with the Singapore Operator X’s network, which are composed of 60% users both downloading and uploadling small packets, 20% users downloading large packets but uploading small packets, and the rest 20% users downloading small packets but uploading large packets. Some key parameters are given in Table 6-2. Table 6-2 Service model parameters of MBB traffic

Small File Service

Large File Service

Segment

Segment

Number

Size(Kbytes)

Inter-Segment Interval

File Interval(s)

Dist Type

Log-Normal

Log-Normal

Exponential

Exponential

Mean

4

1.5

3

30

Sigma

2

1.5

/

/

Min

2

0.5

2

20s

Service Proportion

80%

20%

Table 6-3 Ten transmission modes specified by 3GPP Supported by Huawei FDD eNodeB?

Table 6-1 LTE simulation case minimum set specified by 3GPP

Service Type

In Release-12, new Channel State Information (CSI) reporting mode, i.e., PUSCH 3-2, and new 4TX codebook are specified for further performance enhancement of 4T4R network. Different from the new codebook which is only available to TM9 and TM10, the former PUSCH 3-2 is also feasible to TM4.

Max

8

4.5

4.288

42.88

Dist Type

Constant

Log-normal

/

Exponential

Average

1

1000(DL)/300(UL)

/

30

Std Dev

/

333(DL)/100(UL)

/

/

Min

/

333(DL)/100(UL)

/

20

Max

/

3000(DL)/900(UL)

/

42.88

3GPP Release

Transmission mode

Y

Rel-8

TM1

Y

Rel-8

TM2

Y

Rel-8

TM3

Y

Rel-8

TM4

N

Rel-8

TM5

Y

Rel-8

TM6

N

Rel-8

TM7

DCI format

Transmission scheme of PDSCH

DCI format 1A

Single-antenna port, port 0

DCI format 1

Single-antenna port, port 0

DCI format 1A

Transmit diversity

DCI format 1

Transmit diversity

DCI format 1A

Transmit diversity

DCI format 2A

Large delayCDD or Transmit diversity

DCI format 1A

Transmitdiversity

DCI format 2 DCI format 1A

Transmit diversity

DCI format 1D

Multi-user MIMO

DCI format 1A

Transmit diversity

DCI format 1B

Closed-loop spatial multiplexing using a single transmission layer

DCI format 1A

If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used ,otherwise Transmit diversity

DCI format 1

N

Rel-9

If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Single-antenna port, port 0 is used, otherwise Transmit diversity

DCI format 2B

Dual layer transmission, port 7 and 8 or single-antenna port, port 7 or 8

TM8

DCI format 1A Y

Rel-10

TM9

For existing commercial networks, DL 2x2 MIMO can operate in TM2, TM3 or TM4, depending on the parameter configuration as well as the channel quality of individual UE. In contrast, DL 4x2 MIMO and DL 4x4 MIMO mainly select TM4 for PDSCH transmission. TM9 can support up to 8 layers and is especially useful in the case of 8T8R antenna configuration. TM10 is a further enhancement to TM9 and is more suitable to perform intra-/inter-cell interference coordination for improving cell edge users’ experience. TM10 can be used in 4T4R network.

18

Y

Rel-11

TM10

Single-antenna port, port 5

DCI format 1A

• 5.3. Standardization Progress of FDD LTE MIMO 3GPP defines ten transmission modes in the DL in section 7.1 "UE procedure for receiving the physical downlink shared channel" in 3GPP TS 36.213 V12.7.0. Table 6-3 shortly describes the relevant transmission modes supported by Huawei FDD eNodeB.

Closed-loop spatial multiplexingor Transmit diversity

• Non-MBSFN subframe: If the number of PBCH antenna ports is one, Singleantenna port, port 0 is used , otherwise Transmit diversity • MBSFN subframe: Single-antenna port, port 7

DCI format 2C

Up to 8 layer transmission, ports 7-14 or single-antenna port, port 7 or 8

DCI format 1A

Up to 8 layer transmission, ports 7-14 or single-antenna port, port 7 or 8

DCI format 2D

Same as TM9

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Document Control Sheet Please find the document history.

Please find the authors list for any follow up. Name

Company & Position

Contact

ZHU Xiaodan

Huawei HQ, Wireless Products Marketing Department

[email protected]

Numbering

Date

Changes

Version V1.0

01-01-2016

First release

Marketing Manager ZHU Xiaolong

Huawei HQ, FDD LTE MIMO Chief Expert

[email protected]

KANG Po

Huawei HQ, FDD LTE MIMO Senior Engineer

[email protected]

Emmanuel Coelho Alves

Huawei HQ, Wireless Products Marketing Department

[email protected]

Chief Marketing Manager

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