Click Start 5 [PDF]

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Click Star t 5

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Computer Science for Schools

Revised Edition

Anjna Virmani Shalini Harisukh

University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 314–321, 3rd Floor, Plot 3, Splendor Forum, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi – 110025, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108855662 © Cambridge University Press 2011, 2014, 2020

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Printed in India by Rajkamal Electric Press

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First published 2011 Second edition 2014 Third edition 2020

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This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

ISBN 978-1-108-85566-2

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Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter.

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notice to teachers

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The photocopy masters in this publication may be photocopied or distributed [electronically] free of charge for classroom use within the school or institution that purchased the publication. Worksheets and copies of them remain in the copyright of Cambridge University Press, and such copies may not be distributed or used in any way outside the purchasing institution.

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Every effort has been made to trace the owners of copyright material included in this book. The publishers would be grateful for any omissions brought to their notice for acknowledgement in future editions of the book.

Introduction The revised edition of Click Start: Computer Science for Schools is designed around the latest developments in the field of computer science, information and communication technology. Based on Windows 7 and MS Office 2010, with extensive updates on Windows 10 and MS Office 2016, the series aids the understanding of the essentials of computer science including computer basics, office applications, creative software, programming concepts and programming languages.

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Each level of the series has been designed keeping in mind the mental aptitude and learning ability of the learners as well as their interests. Efforts have been made to use examples from day-to-day life, which will help the learners to bridge the gap between the knowledge of the subject and the real world. The books are designed to offer a holistic approach and help in the overall development of the learners.

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KEY FEATURES

Snap Recap: Probing questions to begin a chapter and assess pre-knowledge

•

Learning Objectives: List of the learning outcomes of the chapter

•

Activity: Interactive exercise after every major topic to reinforce analytical skills and application-based learning

•

Exercise: A variety of questions to test conceptual clarity

•

Fact File: Interesting concept-related snippets to augment concept knowledge

•

Quick Key and Try This: Shortcuts and useful tips on options available for different operations

•

Glossary: Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions

•

You Are Here: Summary to aid quick recapitulation

•

Lab Work: Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing

•

Project Work: Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt

•

Who Am I?: Biographies to inspire young learners

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Sample Paper: Helps in preparing for cyber concepts and knowledge competition

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Poster: Informative infographics to help students stay safe in connected digital environment

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The books, thus, will not only make learning fun but also help the learners achieve a certain level of expertise in this fast changing world of computer science.

Overview

Know

Comp

Snap Recap Probing questions to begin a chapter and assess pre-knowledge

Know Your

SNAP RECAP

Computer

Information often needs to be kept safe for later use. This informati on may be stored in storage devices like the floppy disk, compact disc, hard disk, flash drive and memory cards (Fig. 1.5). Let us study the IPO cycle SNthrou AP gh REC the AP example given below.

MS Word allows you to protect a document. This restricts othe rs from viewing and editing it. You may also select parts of a docu ment that need to be protected.

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FAC T FILE

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rovides the facility to bjects in a document icture, Clip Art or/and objects once added can , moved and cropped cts can be further ng suitable tools.

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AC TIVITY

Input

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Think about the process of generating a timetable of your subjects. Based on this,Inp whatut raw willis datssing be the the Input a giv , Proce anden Outpto ut?the 1. Inpu com t put …… er…… usin …… g …… inp…… ut dev ………… ices …… like ………………… 2. Procthe essinkey g …… …… …… boa ……and rd,…… ………… mo use sca…… nne…… r. …………… 3. Output ………………………… …… …… …… ………………… Just as you put dirty clothe Suggest at least three mach s in ines an example from your daily follow a hing. machiasne, life that thewas IPO cycle you inp

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Fact File Picture Interesting concept-related Illus trations option group snippets to augment Fig. 4.1 Inserting a pictu re in MS Word 2010 docu ment concept knowledge

Fig

Inserting Page Numb

er

Microsoft Word allows you to insert page numbers in a document. 1. Click on the Insert ut tab Header & Footer group the raw dat a p-d intoow a com Page Number dro put er g. 4.7). n list (Fi

(Fig. 1.1).

3

Insert tab Fig. 1.1 Input

EXERCISE

Exercise A variety of questions to test conceptual clarity

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e made more attractive with pictures or photos. This can following steps. tab Illustrations group Picture option (Fig. 4.1) .

You will learn about:

Inp utss–O • Input–Pr oce utput cycle • compute Inp ut isorks r netw the, raw data given to the its comcom ponents puterand type usin g sinput devices like taken care of as per the keys the keyboard, mouse and sca pressed. nner. 3. Output: Int The effec thetio rodt ofuc keysn pressed Just as you put dirty clothe Fig. 1.6 A child playing is seen in the form of anim a s in ations and computer game sound onThe the scree a washing machine, you n (Fig. com put1.6). er is an electronic device input capable of the solvraw ing dat proable performing operations on msaby into acc ept com put ering data, the data, and giving resu lt.. 1.1 Let).us revisit the concep (Fig input, process and output ts of .

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• inserting page numbers

The computer is an electron ic device capable of solv ing perform ing OB opeJEC rations LEA RNING on the data, and giving resu TIV ES lt. Le input, process and output .

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Fig. 1.5 Storage device

s he Home tab of MS

You will learn ab • Input–Proces • computer netw its component

Introduction

1. Think about the differen t types of Playing Gam Learning Objectives es compute 1. Input: The player’s infor r memory and discuss. mati on given cuss to the comp2. diff uterDis erent uses of along withthe some List of press theed tolearning keys mulanim run the time dia. ation s. 2. Process: The change in speed and outcomes chapter directionof of thethe animations in game are

MS Word 2010 – Inse rting Ob ectsActivity and Draw ng PB Interactive exercise after every major topic to ECAP LEARNING OBJEC TIVES reinforce analytical skills and nments available in You will learn about: 0. 2 application-based learning • inse rting a picture, Clip Art r formatting tool

LEARN

1. Think about the differen t types of computer memory and disc uss. 2. Discuss the different uses of multimedia.

A. Fill in the blanks.

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1. ……………………… ………… is designed to create a productive and efficient work environment. an 2. The Ribbon comprises of tabs, groups and ……… ……………. . 3. Microsoft Word is a tool which is used to create professional looking ………………………. . 4. ……………………… …. . can be used for calcula tion, database management and prepar ation of charts. 5. ……………………… …. is a pictorial represe ntation of data. B. State true or false.

Page Number drop-down list

1. In case of MS word, the default file name is Docum ent1 whereas in case of MS Excel, the default file name is Book1. 2. The user cannot custom ise the Quick Access toolbar according to their individ ual requirements. 3. A file in MS Excel is called a worksheet. 4. PowerPoint is a multim edia application. 5. Spreadsheet is a compu ter program that helps you to do drawing only.

Fig. 4.7 Page Number opti

on 2. Select the desired pos ition from the drop-down list and alignm QUICK KEY ent of page numbers from the subme nu. For inserting 3. Yo u will notice that the Desig Quick Key n tab page number appears. Click on the Clo se Header Alt + Shift + P in your and TryandThis Footer option in the Close document group to conand tinue useful working in the document Shortcuts . The page number will now appear at the selected pos tips on options TRY THISition on each page. C. Write the shortcut keys

for the following. 1. To open an already existin g file

2. Microsoft Word Help

3. To select the entire text

4. To print a file

5. To cut any data from a slide

available for different operations AC TIVITY

………………………….

………………………….

………………………….

………………………….

………………………….

Open the Run dialog box and type osk. Click OK. The On-Screen Keyboard will appear on the screen.

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FACT FIL

Nowadays vir also used for f forms, especia is done for sec

Complete the following activity. 1. Give page numbers in the document OurGroup Rocks.docx. 2. Save the changes in the document.

AC TIVITY 41

Complete the following activity. 1. Open the Personalizatio n window using the Contro l Panel. 2. Use the file ‘MyDesktop.b mp’ created earlier in Paint and set it as the Desktop background. 3. Change the mouse setting s by increasing the double -click speed, apply the mouse trail and change the shape of the mouse pointer . 4. Change time to 24 hours format.

GLOSSARY

Glossary Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions

Format It arranges text according to a chosen patter n. Format Painter It allow s the user to copy the text format and not the text. Justify alignment It is the alignment where the text is flushed both left and Slide Show It runs the slides right. in full screen mode. Slide transition It is the way of moving from one slide to another during a presentation. Subscript It reduces the size of the text and lower s it to the bottom of the current line. Superscript It reduces the size of the text and raises it to the top of the current line. Text alignment It is the text layout within a parag raph with respect to document margins. Underline style It is the font style where the text has a line under it. E. Answer the follow ing questions. 1. ARE What1.isForma YOU the defau tting ltand alignm editinent g ofof thedata slides in helps a work HERE sheetg?presentation makin 2. How domore you appea differling entiatotethe audien betw eence. a workbook and a work sheet? 3. Expla2.inEditin g a slide the Auto requir Fill featu g and2010. reesinmovin duplicating text. MS Excel There 4. What3.are four the are differ enttypes alignm optioofnstext – Right availa ble ent , Left, in the Cente Insert r and ied. dialog box? 5. How doJustif you resize a cell in MS Excel 4. Sometimes you need to write the data in 2010? the form of lists. These lists either in the form of bullet can be s or numbers. 5. Slide background helps you to change the backg round colour, texture and pattern of the slides in the presentation. LAB WORK 6. Graphics can be used to make a presen tation more interesting. Graphics can be inserted into the slides in the form of pictures and Clip Art. 7. A. class time TheCrea orderteofyour table the slides ined MS can be Excel 2010. chang Save it and take a easily print after out. the presen Slides tation is made. can be rearranged either in the Normal View or the B. Create an MS Excel Slide Sorter View. 2010 spreadsheet of a list of purchases for your picnic 1. The list should have the . following headings: item name, price per item, quantity required and amou nt per item. 2. Calculate the total amou nt of pocket money spent for your picnic items. C. Make a list of the cars you like in the given form at: Car name Company name Cost 68 Colour

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Sample

Tick (✓) the correct option

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I was born in England in 1815. As a young girl, I took an interest in mathem atics and, in particular, on Babbage’s work on the analyti cal engine. I am considered to be the first computer programmer ever. I described how Babba ge’s analytical engine could be programmed. I am ......................................

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Project Work Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt

Sample Paper Helps in preparing for cyber concepts and knowledge competition

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Who Am I? Biographies to inspire young learners

1.

Which of the following

2.

Identify the correct senten

a. Process

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WHO AM I?

PROJECT WORK

Make a presentation on the topic of national festiva ls. The presentation should all the features covered in have the chapter.

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END

ls used in flowchart.

A. Create a presentation on the seven wonders of the world. B. Create a presentation on parts of a plant. C. Prepare a presentation on your school. Format slides with slide transitions your choice. The presen of tation should focus on the following points. • Brief introduction about your school • Sports facilities • Infrastructure • Any other important feature • Educational and other achievements

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LAB WORK

PROJECT WORK

LAB WORK

Lab Work Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing

1. Add another column before the car name as ‘Seria l no.’. 2. Use the Auto Fill featur e to generate the serial numb er.

Create a chart on the symbo

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D. Differentiate betwe en: 1. Superscript and Subsc ript 2. Cut, Paste options and Copy, Paste options 3. Bold and Italics 4. Left and Right alignm ents 5. Adding bullets and Adding numbers to a list E. Answer the follow ing questions. 1. What do you mean by slide transition? 2. What do you mean by ‘moving’ and ‘copying’ a slide? 3. What is meant by text alignment? Also, explai n its types. 4. Write the steps to use a Format Painter. 5. How can you add graph ics to a presentation? 6. Give a one-step solutio n to copy the text forma t and not the text from selection of the text to one another.

You Are Here Summary to aid quick recapitulation

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A. Write a pseudocode and make a flowchart for the follow ing in MS Word 2010. PRO JEC T WORK 1. Input three numbers and find out the largest of the three. Create a list youra class. 2. ofInput numbeAsk your subje ct teach whethe erseven r it is about they maintain in their registr and check all the information or odd. 3. Input marks er, such marks, remar ks,passed paren.tal information, r failed or parent-teacher’s meeting and displayaswhethe etc.l numbe 4. Display natura rs from 1 to 10. START Insert that5.listDispla in MSyExcel and use even numbe all the20forma rs from to 40.tting learnt so far. 6. Input a number and Input A, B display the next five consecutive numbers. 7. Input a number and display No Is A < B? Display B the table of a number. Yes B. Given aside is a flowch art. Write the pseudocode that Display A best describes the process.

Desktop background It is an image used as a backgr ound on a computer screen. Graphical User Interfa ce It offers graphical icons and visual indicators based interface. Multitasking It is the ability to do more than one thing at a time. Theme It is a background with a set of sound, icons and other elements that helps you in customising your computer. Virtual keyboard It is a utility program that display s an on-screen keyboard allowing the mouse pointer to type.

Paper

is not part of a compu

b. Server

ter network?

c. Workstation

d. Transmission cables

ce(s) about a modem used

in computer networks. a. It stands for modulator demodulator b. It converts data from digital to analogue and vice versa for effective transmi c. Both A and B are correct. ssion. d. Both A and B are incorrec t. 3.

The ……. option from the Start menu is used for executing a file or directly. application a. Accessories

b. All programs c. Run d. Gadgets The On-Screen Keyboa rd is an important utility program. It is also known as: a. Online keyboard c. Offline keyboard b. Virtual keyboard d. Soft keyboard 5. Control Panel can be used to change setting s for Windows. Which of setting option is not availab the following le in it? a. Keyboard b. Sound c. Motherboard d. Mail 6. The Region and Langua ge icon of Control Panel is used for changing the settings of ………. a. the display of languag es b. time c. date d. All of these 4.

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Change your password often, make your password unique, long and strong.

Update your operating system regularly to defend against bugs and viruses.

Poster Informative infographics to help students stay safe in connected digital environment

Accepting emails, files, pictures or texts from people you don’t know can cause problems.

Check your privacy settings, so that you know exactly who can see what you post on social media.

When in doubt or fear tell a trusted adult straight away.

© Cambridge University

Press 2011, 2014, 2020

C ntents 02 Using Windows ............................................................. 11 ° ° ° ° °

Operating system Search option Run option On-Screen Keyboard Control Panel

03 MS Office at a Glance .................................................. 24 Applications of Microsoft Office Components of Microsoft Office 2010 window Microsoft Word Microsoft PowerPoint Microsoft Excel

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04 MS Word 2010 – Inserting Objects and Drawing ..... 36

05 MS PowerPoint 2010 – Editing and

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Inserting Pictures Inserting Clip Art Inserting WordArt Inserting Page Number Drawing shapes

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° ° ° ° °

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How to edit a slide How to format a slide Text alignment Bullets and numbering How to change the slide theme How to change the background style How to add graphics to a presentation Inserting audio and video files How to rearrange slides in a presentation Slide Transition Slide Show

06 Introduction to MS Excel 2010 ................................... 72 ° Starting MS Excel 2010 ° Important terms ° How to insert text, numbers and formula

° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °

History of the Internet Who governs the Internet Services provided by the Internet Basic Internet terms How to start the Internet Internet Explorer Netiquette Virus Cyber security

Learning Algorithms .................................................. 116 ° ° ° °

Formatting Slides ......................................................... 49 ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °

The Internet .................................................................. 97

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° Input–Process–Output cycle (IPO cycle) ° Computer networks ° Types of network

Cell alignment Inserting rows and columns Inserting worksheets Inserting cells Resizing row height and column width Deleting worksheets, rows, columns and cells Alignment of data in a cell Auto Fill options Editing data Saving an MS Excel 2010 file Opening an already saved MS Excel 2010 file Opening a blank workbook Printing an MS Excel 2010 file Exiting MS Excel 2010

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01 Know Your Computer.................................................... 1

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Algorithms Flowcharts Pseudocode Types of programming statements

Introduction to Scratch ............................................. 128 ° Why Scratch ° How to start Scratch ° Components of a Scratch window ° Adding a new Sprite ° Steps to start a new project ° How to move a Sprite ° How to add sound to a project ° How to save a project ° How to open an existing project ° How to exit from Scratch Sample Paper .............................................................. 140

Know Your

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Computer LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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SNAP RECAP 1. Think about the different types of computer memory and discuss. 2. Discuss the different uses of multimedia.

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You will learn about: • Input–Process–Output cycle • computer networks, its components and types

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Introduction

Input

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The computer is an electronic device capable of solving problems by accepting data, performing operations on the data, and giving result. Let us revisit the concepts of input, process and output.

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Input is the raw data given to the computer using input devices like the keyboard, mouse and scanner. Just as you put dirty clothes in a washing machine, you input the raw data into a computer (Fig. 1.1).

Fig. 1.1 Input

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Process The raw data is manipulated to generate information by performing certain operations using the computer’s processing device that is, Central Processing Unit. It is similar to the processing of dirty clothes in the washing machine (Fig. 1.2).

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Fig. 1.2 Processing of input

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Output

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The information generated is known as output. It is given to the outside world with the help of output devices like the printer and monitor. It is similar to clean clothes, after processing (Fig. 1.3).

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Fig. 1.3 Output

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Input–Process–Output Cycle (IPO Cycle)

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The three terms that is, ‘input’, ‘process’ and ‘output’ are interrelated. The information flows from the input device to the processing device and then to the output device. Thus, this whole flow of information follows a cycle which is known as Input–Process–Output cycle. This cycle aims to present the information in a user-friendly way (Fig. 1.4). INPUT

PROCESS

STORAGE Fig. 1.4 Input–Process–Output cycle

2

OUTPUT

Information often needs to be kept safe for later use. This information may be stored in storage devices like the floppy disk, compact disc, hard disk, flash drive and memory cards (Fig. 1.5). Let us study the IPO cycle through the example given below.

Fig. 1.5 Storage device

Playing Games

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2. Process: The change in speed and direction of the animations in game are taken care of as per the keys pressed.

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1. Input: The player’s information given to the computer along with some keys pressed to run the animations.

Fig. 1.6 A child playing a computer game

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3. Output: The effect of the keys pressed is seen in the form of animations and sound on the screen (Fig. 1.6).

Think about the process of generating a timetable of your subjects. Based on this, what will be the Input, Processing and Output? 1. Input

……………………………………………………………

2. Processing …………………………………………………………… 3. Output B.

……………………………………………………………

Suggest at least three machines as an example from your daily life that follow the IPO cycle.

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Computer Networks The word ‘network’ may be defined as a collection of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing information and resources (Fig. 1.7). For example, sharing one printer among 10 computers through a network is an example of resource sharing. These interconnected computers can be present within a local area or may cross different cities or countries.

Fig. 1.7 Networking concept

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Computers can never communicate with each other locally or remotely in the absence of computer networking. Just imagine a bank or an office without computer networking! How difficult it would be for the employees to communicate and share data.

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In today’s world, networking is very useful in bank transactions through ATMs, online ticketing and reservation, online shopping, etc.

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Advantages of Networking

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The need of networking arises due to the following reasons.

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1. Limited resources: Instead of connecting a printer to all the computers separately, you can connect it to the main network. In this way, every computer can share the printer and one can print something from any of the computers whenever needed.

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2. Desire to share information: Information is centralised. Thus, it is made available to all the computers connected to a network. 3. Cost reduction: It reduces cost as an input device like a scanner and an output device like a printer can be easily shared. Components of Computer Network The different parts of a computer network is shown in Fig. 1.8. 1. Workstations: The individual computers connected to a network to share data and information are called workstations or terminals. They can be compared to professionals working together in a group or in a department to do a specific job.

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2. Server: The main computer in the networking environment that controls the functioning of the entire network is called the server. It can be compared to a manager of a company who manages all the work and coordinates well with the executives.

Server

Workstations

Cables

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3. Communication channels: These are used to connect the computers for the purpose Fig. 1.8 Parts of a computer network of sharing information. These communication channels can be either cables, fibre optics, radio waves or satellites.

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4. Modem: It stands for modulator demodulator. A modem is an electronic device which allows one computer to send information to another through standard telephone wires and therefore, cover long distances. It is required because, computers are digital devices and the telephone system is analogue. The modem converts digital (binary) data to analogue (continuous) data and vice versa for effective transmission. They can be fitted inside the computer (internal modem) or placed outside the computer (external modem) (Fig. 1.9). FACT FILE

a. Internal modem

b. External modem

Speed of a modem is calculated in bits per second (bps).

Fig. 1.9 Types of modem

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5. Router: It is an electronic device that connects two or more networks and directs the data between them (Fig. 1.10). 6. Bluetooth: It is a system for connecting electronic equipments, such as mobile phones and computers, to each other and to the Internet using radio signals. To use this technology, a Bluetooth device is used. For example, these days you get Bluetooth mobile phone headsets (Fig. 1.11).

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Fig. 1.10 A router

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Types of Network

Fig. 1.11 A Bluetooth mobile phone headset

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Personal Area Network (PAN)

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When the computers and devices that belong to the same user are interconnected over a short range, it forms a Personal Area Network (PAN) (Fig. 1.12).

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The communication channels in this case are mainly Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices.

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For example, your desktop PC, mobile phone and laptop connected to the wireless network at your home is an example of a PAN.

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Fig. 1.12 PAN

Local Area Network (LAN)

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Internet

When the computers are interconnected in the same office building, school or home for sharing information, then it forms Local Area Network (LAN). A LAN connects computers over a relatively short distance. It generally uses cables as a communication channel (Fig. 1.13).

Router Switch Web server

File servers

Printer

Plotter

Fig. 1.13 LAN

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Fax

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)

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When the computers are interconnected to extend over an entire city, then it forms Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (Fig. 1.14). For example, all the branches of a company are interconnected using a MAN within the same city. Residential The cable operator supplies Hospital the cable television network using a MAN. Mobile phones Laptop The communication channel in this case is Municipal either cable or satellite.

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Fig. 1.14 Metropolitan Area Network

Fig. 1.15 Wide Area Network

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When the computers are interconnected for transmitting information over a large geographical area that may comprise a country, a continent or even the whole world, it forms a Wide Area Network (WAN) (Fig. 1.15). Internet is the best example of a WAN. Mostly satellite is used as a communication channel.

A.

Find out which category of network is used in your computer lab.

B.

Take the help of your teacher and prepare a PowerPoint presentation on parts of a computer network.

C.

Double-click on the Network icon present on the desktop of your computer. It will give you the listing of the computers connected on a network. Now, discuss the types of network available in your school and terminals connected to it.

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GLOSSARY

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Computer network It is a network of computers, connected together for sharing information and resources. Input It is the raw data given to a computer. Internet It stands for interconnected network. IPO cycle It stands for the Input–Process–Output cycle. LAN It connects the computers over a relatively short distance. MAN It is formed when the computers are interconnected to extend over an entire city. Modem It stands for modulator and demodulator. Output It is the processed data generated and given to the outside world. PAN It connects the computers that belong to the same users over a short range. Process It is the process of manipulating raw data using CPU. Server It is the main computer that controls the functioning of the entire network. WAN It is formed when the computers are interconnected over a large geographical area. Workstation It refers to the individual computers on a computer network.

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1. The computer is an electronic device capable of solving a problem by accepting data, performing operations on the data and giving result. 2. The information flows from an input device to the processing device and then to an output device. This flow of information follows a cycle, which is known as the Input–Process–Output cycle. 3. The need for networking arises due to limited resources, desire to share information and cost reduction. 4. You need workstation(s), a server, a communication channel and a modem to form a network. 5. PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN are common types of network. YOU ARE HERE

EXERCISE A. Fill in the blanks.

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1. The three terms that is, input, …………………………… and output are interrelated. 2. The collection of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing information and resources is called a …………………………… . 3. The main computer in the networking environment that controls the functioning of the entire network is called the …………………………… . 4. Modem stands for …………………………………… . 5. Speed of a modem is calculated in …………………………… .

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B. State true or false.

1. A WAN connects computers over a relatively short distance.

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2. When the computers are interconnected to extend over an entire city, then it forms a MAN.

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3. Internet is the best example of a PAN.

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4. Internet stands for interrelated network.

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5. Networking is the solution to limited resources and cost reduction.

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C. Differentiate between the following: 1. Server and workstation 2. PAN and LAN

3. Input and output 4. WAN and MAN

D. Give one word for the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Main computer on a network Modulator demodulator A computer on a network Information flow cycle Connects two or more networks

…………………………… …………………………… …………………………… …………………………… ……………………………

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Answer the following questions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Define the IPO cycle. Give an example. What is the importance of a computer network? What is a modem? State its types. Name the four types of networks. On a school network, can you give a print command from ten different computers to one printer? Justify your answer.

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LAB WORK

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A. Make a list of places you visit in your daily life where you see networking being used. B. Observe the type of network used in your school computer lab. Make a note of it and find out which other network can be used there. C. Communication channels are used to interconnect the computers. These are WIRED and WIRELESS channels. Use the Internet and find out more about these and demonstrate the same using a PowerPoint presentation.

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PROJECT WORK

Design a poster on A4 sheet depicting any one type of Network and demonstrate the connectivity using various devices. You can use Paint to create the poster.

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Using

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Windows LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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SNAP RECAP

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You will learn about: • advantages of Windows operating system • searching for files and folders • using the Run option • On-Screen Keyboard • Control Panel – display, mouse, regional settings

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1. Define operating system. ………………………………………

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Operating System

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An operating system acts as an interface between the user and the machine. It provides a software platform on which the application program runs. So the choice of an operating system should be determined on the basis of an application requirement of our system. Microsoft Windows operating system is becoming very popular these days. Let us observe the reasons for the same. Advantages of Windows Operating System Windows is an operating system which supports the Graphical User Interface environment. All commands can be executed easily and efficiently at a click of the mouse.

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Some of the advantages of Windows as an operating system are listed below. 1. Graphical User Interface: It is also known as GUI. It offers graphical icons and visual indicators based interface as compared to text based interface called Character User Interface (CUI). 2. Easy to use and learn: Working with Windows is easy as it just requires a few mouse-clicks to do the work. 3. Multitasking: In Windows, you can work on multiple programs at the same time. Programs open in the form of a window, which can be easily controlled with the help of Alt + Tab keys (Fig. 2.1). For example, you can create documents as well as listen to music on a computer at Fig. 2.1 Using Alt + Tab keys to view the same time.

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Search Option

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Have you ever felt the need of searching for a file on your computer? Perhaps you wrote a letter to someone and wanted to see its content again. Maybe you saved a report on your computer and forgot its location. The Search option is the most convenient way to find things on your computer. The exact location of the items does not matter as the search box will search your programs and all the folders to display the result. The Search option is present as a box in the Start menu. It is mainly used for searching files and folders stored on the computer disk that is, it helps us to search for a document, an application, a computer or a user connected on the network. The search criteria can also contain text or a phrase which is a part of the document. Type here to search

Follow these steps to search for a file or a folder. 1. Click on the Start button. 2. Type the file or folder name or keywords in the search box in the lower-left corner (Fig. 2.2). Fig. 2.2 Selecting the Search option

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3. While typing, the items matching your search text will appear on the Start menu. Click on the desired file to open it.

Fig. 2.4 List of files containing the typed keyword

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Fig. 2.3 Searching for a file in a folder

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To search for a file in a folder or library follow the steps given below. 1. Open the desired folder or library. 2. Type the file name or a word or a part of the word in the search box (Fig. 2.3). 3. All the files containing the word or part of the word will be listed in the Search Results (Fig. 2.4). Click on the desired file to open it.

Complete the following activities. 1. Do you like listening to music while working on a computer? If yes, you can open the Windows Media Player and play your favourite music. Minimise the window and continue doing your work. While performing this activity, think what feature is being used of Windows operating system? 2. Create a music folder containing songs of your choice and then search in this folder using the Search option. Can you find the song you wish to listen to?

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Run Option The Run option from the Start menu is used for executing a file or an application directly. For example, the user can open the Paint application by specifying Paint in the Run dialog box.

QUICK KEY To open the Run dialog Windows + R box

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Follow the steps given below: 1. Click on Start All Programs Accessories Run option 2. The Run dialog box opens (Fig. 2.5). 3. In this dialog box, type the name of the file or program in Open: text box. 4. Click on OK. 5. If the exact location of the program or document is not known, then click the Browse… button and select the program or document from the specified folder.

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Fig. 2.5 Run dialog box

On-Screen Keyboard The On-Screen Keyboard is an important utility program. It displays a virtual keyboard on the computer screen which allows the user to use the mouse pointer to type. The On-Screen Keyboard can also help people who do not know how to type and for whom using the mouse click is easier than using a keyboard. Follow these steps to access the On-Screen Keyboard: 1. Click on the Start All Programs Accessories Access On-Screen Keyboard option. 2. The On-Screen Keyboard appears on the screen.

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Ease of

TRY THIS

FACT FILE Nowadays virtual keyboard is also used for filling various online forms, especially bank forms. This is done for security purposes.

Open the Run dialog box and type osk. Click OK. The On-Screen Keyboard will appear on the screen.

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Complete the following activity based on the instructions given below. 1. Open Paint using the Search option.

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2. Create any pattern for the desktop background and write one sentence on it using the On-Screen Keyboard.

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3. Save the file by the name ‘MyDesktop.bmp’.

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Think why is it safe to use the Online Virtual Keyboard while doing net-banking.

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Control Panel

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4. Close the file.

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You can use Control Panel to change settings for Windows. These settings control nearly everything about how Windows looks and works. You can use Control Panel to make changes to the look and settings of Windows, including the colour of your desktop, windows, hardware and software setup and configuration, network, Internet, etc. (Fig. 2.6). You can also change appearance of icons in the Control Panel window using View by: option.

View by: option

Fig. 2.6 Control Panel window

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The name of an application may vary with the version of an operating system. For example, in Windows XP, you see Display, while the same option in Windows 7 is Personalization. Personalization Icon

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In Windows 7, the Personalization icon of Control Panel is used for changing the appearance of the desktop such as the background, screen saver, colours and sounds.

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Follow these steps to change the theme of a desktop: 1. Click on Start Control Panel. 2. In the Control Panel window, select Fig. 2.7 Personalization window the Personalization icon. 3. The Personalization window opens (Fig. 2.7).

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A theme is a background with a set of sounds, icons and other elements that helps you to customise your computer.

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4. Click on the theme of your choice from the categories given. The computer will request you to wait for some time showing the Please Wait box and the selected theme will be applied. 5. You can further enhance your theme effects using options like selecting specific pictures from that category, Picture position:, Change picture every:, Shuff le checkbox (when active) in the Desktop Background window (Fig. 2.8). 6. You can also change the colour of your window and add sound effects using the Window Color and Sounds options respectively in the Fig. 2.8 Selecting themes on a desktop Personalization window.

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Mouse Settings You can change the mouse settings such as button configuration, double-click speed, mouse pointer shape, motion speed and trails with the help of the mouse icon.

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Follow these steps to change mouse settings for button configuration: 1. Click on Start Control Panel. 2. In the Control Panel window, click on the Mouse icon. 3. The Mouse Properties window opens (Fig. 2.9). 4. Click on the Buttons tab. 5. In the Button configuration section, the default use of the mouse is set for the right-handed Fig. 2.9 Using Mouse people that is, the left button for click and Properties window double-click and the right button for shortcut menus. But if you want to reverse the buttons, then click on the Switch primary and secondary buttons checkbox. 6. You can also change the speed of double-click by dragging the pointer either to the right or left in the Double-click speed section. 7. Click on the Turn on ClickLock option in the ClickLock section, if you want to drag the mouse without holding down the mouse button. 8. Click on Apply and then click on OK.

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Follow these steps to change the shape of the mouse pointer: 1. Click on Start Control Panel Mouse icon. 2. Click on the Pointers tab (Fig. 2.10). 3. Select the desired option from the predefined set of mouse pointers available on the Scheme drop-down list. 4. Based on the category selected, a list of mouse pointers will be displayed in the Customize: section.

Fig. 2.10 Using Pointer tab of Mouse Properties

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5. If you want a pointer shadow then click on the Enable pointer shadow checkbox. 6. Click on Apply and then click on OK.

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Follow these steps to change the Pointer Options of the mouse: 1. Click on Start Control Panel Mouse icon. 2. Click on the Pointer Options tab (Fig. 2.11). Fig. 2.11 Using Pointer Options 3. Select the desired pointer-speed by ab of Mouse Properties dragging the pointer either to the left to slow down or to the right to move fast in the Motion section. 4. If you want the mouse pointer to point to the default button in a dialog box, then click on the Automatically move pointer to the default button in a dialog box checkbox in the Snap To section. 5. Select the Display pointer trails checkbox in the Visibility section if you want the pointer to trail the mouse on the screen. 6. If you want the mouse pointer not to be visible when you type, then click on the Hide pointer while typing checkbox. 7. Click on Apply and then click on OK. Region and Language Icon

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The Region and Language icon is used for changing the settings of the display of languages, numbers, time and date. Follow the steps given below: 1. Click on Start Control Panel. 2. In Control Panel window, click on the Regional and Language icon. 3. The Region and Language dialog box opens (Fig. 2.12).

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Fig. 2.12 Region and Language dialog box

4. The date and time formats can be changed from the respective drop-down lists in the Date and time formats section. 5. Click on Apply and then click on OK.

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Complete the following activity.

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1. Open the Personalization window using the Control Panel.

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2. Use the file ‘MyDesktop.bmp’ created earlier in Paint and set it as the Desktop background.

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3. Change the mouse settings by increasing the double-click speed, apply the mouse trail and change the shape of the mouse pointer.

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GLOSSARY

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4. Change time to 24 hours format.

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Desktop background It is an image used as a background on a computer screen. Graphical User Interface It offers graphical icons and visual indicators based interface. Multitasking It is the ability to do more than one thing at a time. Theme It is a background with a set of sound, icons and other elements that helps you in customising your computer. Virtual keyboard It is a utility program that displays an on-screen keyboard allowing the mouse pointer to type.

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1. An operating system acts as an intermediate between the user and the machine. 2. Windows is an operating system which supports the Graphical User Interface environment. All commands can be executed easily and efficiently with a mouse-click. The Search box is located in the Start menu. It is mainly used for searching files and folders stored on a computer disk. The Run option located in the Start button is used for executing a file or application directly. Control Panel allows the user to display and make changes to various basic settings of the computer system. The Personalization icon located in the Control Panel is used for changing the appearance of the desktop such as the background, screen saver, colours and sounds. The Mouse icon in the Control Panel is used for changing the mouse settings, such as the button configuration, double-click speed, mouse pointer shape and motion speed and trails. The Region and Language icon of Control Panel is used for changing the settings of the display of languages, numbers, time and date.

YOU ARE HERE

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EXERCISE

A. State true or false. 1. Personalization settings save the file from unwanted damage. 2. The On-Screen Keyboard is not an important utility program. 3. The Search option is located in the Start menu. 4. Windows is a Graphics User Interface. 5. The Run option is located on the desktop.

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B. Solve the crossword using the clues given. 1 2

Across 3

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2. The On-Screen keyboard displays …………… keyboard on the computer screen. 4. Alt + …………… keys are used to control open windows on the desktop. 6. …………… icon of Control Panel is used for changing the appearance of the desktop. 7. …………… is used to change settings for windows.

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1. The …………… from the Start button is used for executing a file or application directly. 3. We use …………… to work on multiple programs for Windows. 4. …………… is a background with a set of sound, icons and other elements that helps you in customising your computer. 5. The full form of GUI is …………… User Interface.

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C. Give one word for the following: 1. The option used in the Start menu to execute a file or an application directly. 2. A virtual keyboard. 3. The icon used for setting a Screen saver in the Control Panel. 4. The option used for locating the files and folders stored on a computer disk. 5. The icon used for changing the date and time settings in the Control Panel.

………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… …………………………

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D. Answer the following questions. 1. State any three advantages of using Windows as an operating system. 2. Why do you use the Run option in the Start menu? 3. What is the use of the search box in the Start menu? 4. What are the icons available in the Control Panel? 5. Discuss the usage of the Region and Language icon.

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LAB WORK

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Complete the following activity based on the instructions given. 1. Find out the icons present on your desktop and make a list of them in your notebook. 2. Design a poster on an A4 sheet to mention the features of your favourite icon. 3. Change the desktop wallpaper and screen saver of your computer. 4. Before leaving the lab, reset the settings to default.

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Open Control Panel on your computer and explore different features. Now, design a presentation to provide 10 tips and tricks to keep your system organised.

WHO AM I? I was born on 28 September, 1925 in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. I have worked extensively on computer technologies ranging from vacuum tubes and magnetic amplifiers to transistors. I designed the first fully transistorised computers. I also created the first supercomputer, named, Cray-1 in 1976. I am .......................................

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Windows 10

The Search button is present on the taskbar which says ‘Type here to search’ or ‘Search the web and Windows’ or ‘Search Windows’ depending on the version of Windows 10.

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Windows 7 was basically designed for desktops and laptops but Windows 10 as an operating system is available for all devices like PCs, laptops, mobiles, tablets and Xbox.

• Cortana is a personal digital assistant created by Microsoft just like Siri in Apple devices. We can set reminders, find files, search information on the Internet and can do many other things.

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Personalization window can be accessed in two ways:

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• Control Panel is more organised as compared to Windows 7.

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Updates

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Start

Control panel Appearance and Personalization

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Right click on Desktop Personalize option

Click on Start Control Panel Clock and Region to change Date and Time format.

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MS Office

at a Glance LEARNING OBJECTIVES

SNAP RECAP List out various components of MS Office you have heard of.

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You will learn about: • applications of MS Office • components of MS Office 2010 window • documentation using MS Word • presentations using MS PowerPoint 2010 and its important features • tabular data manipulation using MS Excel

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Introduction

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Microsoft Office is a package provided by Microsoft Corporation which includes various application softwares used for a variety of purposes, such as MS Word is used for creating and processing word FACT FILE documents, MS Access is used for creating and maintaining database, etc. The common MS Office packages also come in features of MS Office irrespective of the various suites suitable for home, version are explained in this chapter. business, etc. Since the first release of MS Office, several other versions have come out in the Windows platform. These are: Microsoft Office 95

Microsoft Office 97

Microsoft Office 2000

Microsoft Office 2002 (XP)

Microsoft Office 2003

Microsoft Office 2007

Microsoft Office 2010

Microsoft Office 2013

Microsoft Office 2016

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Microsoft Office 2019

Y AC TIVIT Brainstorm about various types of operating systems and office packages provided by different companies and list uses of each one of them.

Applications of Microsoft Office

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Microsoft Office is designed to create a productive and an efficient work environment. Each application has a similar look and feel. It is possible to use the skills learnt in one application in another. Data can be easily duplicated between the applications, reducing the time required to produce a new document. For example, spreadsheet data can be easily added to a word processing tool without having to retype the information.

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Let us learn about some of these components. MS Word

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MS Word is a word processing application. It is used to create, edit and manage documents.

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MS PowerPoint

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MS PowerPoint is a presentation application. It is used for preparation of slides with different text, graphics and animation effects.

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MS Excel

MS Excel is a spreadsheet application. It is used for calculation, analysis and visualisation of data. MS Access MS Access is a database management application. It is used for creating and updating data in the form of tables. MS Outlook MS Outlook is an application designed to manage your emails. It helps you to send and receive emails, manage your tasks, schedules and contacts.

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MS Publisher MS Publisher is a desktop publishing application. It is used to create publications like office reports, brochures, business cards and newsletters. MS OneNote It is a computer program part of MS Office suite that is used to create notes. It includes handwritten or typed notes that can contain tables, pictures and drawings.

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Components of Microsoft Office 2010 Window

Quick Access Toolbar

Minimize

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Title Bar

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Each application of Microsoft Office 2010 works in the form of a window. The window is the application interface. It is made up of several components (Fig. 3.1). Maximize Close

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Dialog box launcher

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Ribbon

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Horizontal scroll bar

Vertical scroll bar

Fig. 3.1 Components of MS Office 2010 Window

Title Bar It displays the title of the MS Office application being used along with the default file name.

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Whenever an application is opened, a file has a default name. For example, in MS Word 2010, the default file name is Document1, in MS Excel 2010, the default file name is Book1. Ribbon The Ribbon comprises of tabs, groups and commands. Tabs represent an activity, where each tab has groups with related activities and the commands under each group contain a menu or a box with options.

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Quick Access Toolbar

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It is seen above the Ribbon. It contains the most commonly repeated actions in the MS application like Undo, Redo, Save, etc. The user can customise this toolbar according their individual requirements.

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Status Bar

Horizontal Scroll Bar

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It shows the status of the document in use. For example, in MS Word 2010, it shows the current page number along with the total pages, the word count, the language being used, the zoom level and the layout of the file.

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It helps you to scroll either to the left or to the right, to see the data currently not visible on the screen.

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Vertical Scroll Bar

It helps you to scroll either to the top or to the bottom of the screen. Minimize Button It is the first button at the upper-right corner of the window. It displays the window in the form of a small icon on the taskbar. Maximize/Restore Down Button This button helps you to either display the window in full screen or in normal size.

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Close Button It is the last button at the upper-right corner of the screen. It helps you to close the window.

Microsoft Word

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MS Word is a word processing tool which is used to create professional looking documents. The documents can include text, graphics, table, clip art, borders, shading, etc. These documents can be created, saved, edited and printed as and when required. You have learnt about it in the previous classes.

Rahul is fond of watching biographical movies. Help him do the following:

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3. Print the file to submit it to his teacher. 4. Close the file and Exit from MS Word 2010.

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QUICK KEY

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2. Save it with the name – MyFile.docx.

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1. Create a new word document and write a paragraph titled ‘My Favourite Biographical Movie’.

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To create a new file

Ctrl + N

To open an already existing file Ctrl + O To save a file

Ctrl + S

To print a file

Ctrl + P

To close a file

Alt + F4

To select the entire text

Ctrl + A

Microsoft Word Help

F1

Microsoft PowerPoint MS PowerPoint is a powerful tool to create professional presentations and slide shows from scratch or by using the easy to use wizard. It is a tool for presenting ideas and information in an interesting manner.

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It allows you to place the content into a series of slides which can then be projected (using projector) to an audience, or printed and distributed as handouts, or published online using different file formats. Important Features of MS PowerPoint 2010

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Nowadays, MS PowerPoint is widely used by business people, educators, students, etc. to present their ideas (Fig. 3.2). Some of the important features of MS PowerPoint 2010 are discussed below.

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Slide Layouts

Fig. 3.2 MS PowerPoint 2010

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These are predefined layouts of slides, which can be selected according to the requirements. It is important to choose a proper slide layout to make an effective presentation.

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Design Themes

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These are the files with predefined slide backgrounds. When a suitable template is selected, then the slides having a shaded background with a colourful pattern appear. You may start adding content to these slides. This is an easy way to make interesting presentations. Animations and Sound Effects PowerPoint is also a multimedia application. It can be used to add text, various types of images, sound and video clips to a presentation.

QUICK KEY To cut any data in a slide

Ctrl + X

To copy any data from a slide Ctrl + C To paste data anywhere in a Ctrl + V slide

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Y AC TIVIT Prepare a PowerPoint presentation on the components of MS Office, their respective features and usage. Save your presentation and then exit from MS PowerPoint.

Microsoft Excel

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MS Excel is a popular spreadsheet program that allows you to work well with numbers. You can store data in the form of rows and columns which can then be organised and processed.

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A file in MS Excel is called a workbook. It contains many pages which are called worksheets or sheets. By default, Microsoft Excel workbook contains three blank worksheets, which are identified by tabs displayed at the bottom of the document.

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Each sheet is divided into a grid of rows and columns. The columns are named as A, B, C,... Z, AA, AB, AC and so on, and there are 16,384 such combinations. The rows are numbered from 1 to 1,048,576. The number of columns and rows in a worksheet depends on the memory of the computer and the system resources.

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The intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. Each cell is referred by an address called as the cell address. For example, B12, A3, G5, etc.

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Any cell which is selected is an active cell. All the basic components of a MS Office window are present along with a few more components as listed here. 1. Formula Bar: This bar is found below the Ribbon. It contains the formula entered in a cell. The formula in Excel should begin with an equal to (=) sign. 2. Name Box: It contains the cell address of the active cell. 3. Sheet Tabs: These tabs are present below the workbook in the lower left-corner. These tabs help us to select different worksheets in a workbook.

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MS Excel can be used for calculation, database management, preparation of charts, etc. These are discussed here. Calculation

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You can do any kind of calculation using formulae and functions. These formulae can be easily copied and managed. If you make any changes in the functions and formulae within the spreadsheet, the computer automatically re-calculates the final values (Fig. 3.3).

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Fig. 3.3 Calculation in MS Excel

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Database Management

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This feature is extremely important when one has to deal with a large amount of data which could be a few hundred or even thousands of records. For example, if a teacher wishes to record all the details of the students of their class along with their marks, it can be easily managed using this feature. It helps us to create, edit, sort and filter data according to our needs. Charts It is a pictorial representation of data. You can create different types of graph easily from the data in the spreadsheet. Charts, once created, can be easily changed in terms of the chart text, colour, size, position, etc.

TRY THIS MS Office components have similar steps and shortcut keys to create new, open, save, close and print files. Open the files from different applications and try the shortcuts.

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Y AC TIVIT Prepare an Excel sheet in order to calculate average temperature of the last ten days. Also, use a chart to show the rise and fall in temperature.

GLOSSARY

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Database management It is the process of managing a large amount of information stored on a computer. MS Access It is a database management application. MS Excel It is a spreadsheet application to work well with numbers. MS Office It is a collection of software of Windows based applications. MS OneNote It is a computer program part of Microsoft Office suite and is used to create notes. MS Outlook It is an application designed to manage your emails. MS PowerPoint It is an application to create presentations and slide shows. MS Publisher It is a desktop publishing application. MS Word It is a word processing tool to create professional documents. Spreadsheet It is a computer program that helps you to do calculations and planning.

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1. Applications in MS Office suite mainly include MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, MS Access, MS Outlook, MS OneNote and MS Publisher. 2. MS Word can include text, graphics, table, Clip Art, borders, shading, etc. These documents may be created, saved, edited and printed as and when required. 3. MS PowerPoint is one of the most powerful tools for communicating ideas and information in the form of slide shows. 4. You can store data in MS Excel in the form of rows and columns that can then be organised and processed. YOU ARE HERE

EXERCISE A. Fill in the blanks.

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1. ………………………………… is designed to create a productive and an efficient work environment. 2. The Ribbon comprises of tabs, groups and ……………………. . 3. Microsoft Word is a tool which is used to create professional looking ………………………. . 4. …………………………. . can be used for calculation, database management and preparation of charts. 5. …………………………. is a pictorial representation of data.

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B. State true or false.

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1. In case of MS word, the default file name is Document1 whereas in case of MS Excel, the default file name is Book1.

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2. The user cannot customise the Quick Access toolbar according to their individual requirements.

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3. A file in MS Excel is called a worksheet.

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4. PowerPoint is a multimedia application.

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5. Spreadsheet is a computer program that helps you to do drawing only. C. Write the shortcut keys for the following. 1. To open an already existing file

………………………….

2. Microsoft Word Help

………………………….

3. To select the entire text

………………………….

4. To print a file

………………………….

5. To cut any data from a slide

………………………….

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D. Match the following. a. Desktop publishing application

2. MS PowerPoint

b. Database management

3. MS Excel

c. Presentation application

4. MS Publisher

d. Spreadsheet application

5. MS Access

e. Word processing application

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List the different components of MS Office. What is the use of MS Word? Write down the steps of using transitions to a slide. Explain any three important features of MS Excel. List the components that are common in the windows of all the applications of MS Office.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Answer the following questions.

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1. MS Word

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LAB WORK

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A. In MS Word, create a report titled ‘My Favourite IT personality’. B. A science teacher wants to explain the topic ‘solar system’ through a presentation. Suggest an MS Office application that they can use for this purpose. C. Rita wants to make a chart to see the comparison of the storybooks among her friends. Suggest a suitable MS Office application to use. Write a few important characteristics of the application. D. In MS Excel, create a shopping list with the following columns: name, quantity, price per item, amount spent per item. Add at least eight shopping items. E. Besides MS Word, MS Excel and MS PowerPoint, there are a few other applications offered by MS Office 2010. Make a presentation on these with a brief explanation about each of them.

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PROJECT WORK

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Create a presentation on any one version of MS Office using the Web 3.0 tools and share the link of the presentation with your peers to gain insight about various versions of MS Office.

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Office 2016

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Updates

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• Microsoft Office 2016 introduces a colourful theme where each application has a different colour. For example, Microsoft Word is given dark blue, Excel is green, PowerPoint is orange, etc. However, we can change this default theme colour by selecting File Account Office Theme. The options available for changing theme are colourful, dark grey and white.

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• MS Office 2016 has a bulb icon Tell me what you want to do... just above the ribbon. It helps you to look for any information in the software.

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• Files created in MS Office 2016 can be shared with a group of recipients for either editing or for viewing purpose. Select File Share option to upload file in your cloud so that it can be shared with other people.

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• MS Word 2016 has improved grammar checker; MS Excel 2016 has added a few new charts.

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