Technical Information On ISO Shipping Container [PDF]

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Technical Information on ISO Shipping Container To cite this article: P C H Ling et al 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 884 012042

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Sustainable and Integrated Engineering International Conference 2019 (SIE 2019) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering

884 (2020) 012042

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

Technical Information on ISO Shipping Container P C H Ling1,5, C S Tan2, Y H Lee3 and S Mohammad4 1.2,4 School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, MALAYSIA 3 Dept. Civil & Construction Eng., Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Sarawak, MALAYSIA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Shipping container had become popular among construction industry as alternative building material. However, the information on the shipping container detailing had been lacking and not easily accessible by designer. This paper summarised the technical information of ISO shipping container including geometry properties, materials and structural testing. The information was presented in tables which are easier to interpret and use in structural design.

1. Introduction ISO shipping container, been standardized steel box to be purposed for universal cargo transportation, is one of the potential candidates to solve the housing problem. The shipping container is designed to withstand harsh weathering and heavy loading over long distance transportation. This makes it very durable and suitable for housing purpose. As the matter of fact, modified shipping container had been used in construction industry for decades and being popularized among architect and engineers in recent years [1-3]. ISO shipping container is built to the specification stated by International Standard Organization (ISO) and International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC). However, the shipping container is built up by section much differ from conventional steel section. Although some of the data can be found from ISO documentation, as engineer it is more convenient to get the information in intuitive representation instead of lengthy description. This paper had summarised the technical information of ISO shipping container required for engineering practice. The information gathered will be presented in table format to ease the intended user in data collection 2. Data Source The ISO shipping container chosen for this work is 20 feet ISO-1CC type steel dry cargo container manufactured by Singamas Management Services Limited [4]. All the data collected is either provided by manufacturer or is stated in ISO documentation. Some of the related ISO documents published by British Standard Institution (BSI) are listed as below: i. BS ISO 668:1995 [5] – classification, dimensions and ratings for series 1 freight containers. ii. BS ISO 1496-1:1990 [6] – specification and testing for freight containers. iii. BS ISO 1161:1984 [7]– specification for corner fittings for series 1 freight container. iv. BS ISO 3874:1997 [8] – handling and securing freight containers.

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Sustainable and Integrated Engineering International Conference 2019 (SIE 2019) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering

884 (2020) 012042

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

3. ISO Shipping Container Dimension and Rating Typically, ISO shipping containers has standard height × width = 2.591 m × 2.438 m, and two common lengths of 6.058m (referred to “20-ft container”) and 12.192 m (referred to “40-ft container”). Some special 40-ft container might have the height of 2.896 m (9-ft), which is called High Cube container. Each of these containers should have maximum gross mass of 30480kg. Table 1 showed the details in dimension for each container types. For instance, ISO designation with letter ‘A’ indicates 40 ft container whereas letter ‘C’ indicates 20 ft container. Table 1. ISO Shipping Container Dimension and Rating [5] ISO Designation 1EEE 1EE 1AAA 1AA 1A 1BBB 1BB 1B 1CC 1C 1D

Common Name 45’ high cube 45’ standard 40’ high cube 40’ standard 40’ 30’ high cube 30’ standard 30’ 20’ standard 20’ 10’

External dimension (mm)

Internal dimension (mm)

Length

Width

Height

Length

Width

Height

13716

2438

2896 2591 2896 2591 2438 2896 2591 2438 2591 2438 2438

13542

2330

2655 2350 2655 2350 2197 2655 2350 2197 2350 2197 2197

12192

9125

6058 2991

11998

8931

5867 2802

Rating (kg) 30480 30480

30480

30480 10160

4. ISO Shipping Container Components ISO shipping container is assembled from many components to be welded into an integrated structure. Figure 1 showed the ISO container assembly and Table 2 depicted the detailed information of each structural component of ISO container.

Figure 1. An ISO shipping container shown with front assembly.

2

162

178

118

46

40 113 12

47

6 30

3

Bottom side rail

Length: 5702mm

48

30

Weathering Steel Door CORTEN-A (ASTM header A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

Length: 2340mm 10 83.4 25

101.6

161.5

3

6

135

110 108.4

4

Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

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doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

158

4.5

884 (2020) 012042

Material Selection Outer: Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22 Inner: Hot Rolled Hi- Tensile Shaped Steel SM50YA (A1011) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 362.85 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 490.33 Elongation (%) = 15

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Table 2. ISO Shipping Container Components [4,9] Material Selection Parts Dimensions Casted Weldable Steel Rear Height: SCW 49 (ASTM A216) corner 2355mm Yield strength, fy post (MPa)= 274.58 280 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 230 Elongation (%) = 20

Dimensions

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Parts Corner fitting

4

45

122

Door sill

Length: 2340mm 121

45

162 141

Side wall

Length: 2313mm 371.5

60 6 0

4 3

60 0

Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

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doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

5580(Length) x 2329(Height) Weathering Weathe Steel Front x 2mm (Thickness) CORTEN-A (ASTM Header CORTE A242) A A2 42) Yield Yi ieelld strength, fy 36 Y (MPa)= 343.23 68 72 70 68 Ultimate strength, fu Ultimat (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22 Elongat

884 (2020) 012042

4

4.5 65

Table 2. ISO Shipping Container Components [4,9] Material Selection Parts Dimensions Material Selection Weathering Steel Roof 5225(Length) x 2356 (Width) Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM x 2mm (Thickness) CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 209 343.23 Yield strength, fy 91 13.5 91 (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Ultimate strength, fu 20 Elongation (%) = 22 (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22 Weathering Steel Top Length: 2114mm Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM side CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) 60 6 0 3 rail A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 6 60 480.53 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22 Elongation (%) = 22

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Dimensions Length: 2336mm

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Parts Cross member

60 60

49 49 31 1

152 15 1 5

4

Front corner post

6

Material Selection Weathering Steel CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

45 45

Height: 2355mm 50 5 0

Table 2. ISO Shipping Container Components [4,9] Material Selection Parts Dimensions Weathering Steel Front 2114(Width) x 2351(Height) x 2mm (Thickness) CORTEN-A (ASTM wall A242) 250 Yield strength, fy 45.6 (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu 110 104 18 (MPa)= 480.53 18 Elongation (%) = 22

174 17 74 40 159 1 15 59

50 5 0

2340(Width) x 2280(Height) x Weathering Steel 2mm(Thickness) CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

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5

49

Weathering Steel Door CORTEN-A (ASTM A242) Yield strength, fy (MPa)= 343.23 Ultimate strength, fu (MPa)= 480.53 Elongation (%) = 22

Sustainable and Integrated Engineering International Conference 2019 (SIE 2019)

Dimensions Length: 2114mm

IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Parts Front Sill

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doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

Sustainable and Integrated Engineering International Conference 2019 (SIE 2019) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering

884 (2020) 012042

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

5. ISO Shipping Container Materials It can be seen from Table 2 that most parts of ISO shipping container are built with CORTEN steel, a type of weathering steel with chemical composition that enabled it to develop rust protective layer against atmospheric corrosion. Table 3 shows the material properties of CORTEN-A steel compared to other steel types. Table 3. Material properties for CORTEN-A [10] in comparison with S275 and S355 Steel [11] Brand Thickness Mechanical Properties Chemical Composition (%) (mm) Fy Fu Elongation C Si Mn P S Cu (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) ASTM A242 CORTEN A EN S235

≤ 20

343

480

22

≤0.15 N.A. ≤1.00 ≤0.15 ≤0.05 ≤0.20

≤ 16.0

235

360-510

19

0.16 0.45 0.70 0.04 0.04 0.20

EN S355

≤ 16.0

355

470-630

16

0.19 0.55 1.60 0.04 0.04 0.20

6. Standard Load Test for ISO Shipping Container ISO 1496 had described the structural testing for ISO freight container. The standard depicts on the testing items, loading, and criteria to pass the test including deflection under loading and residual deformation. For instance, stacking strength, transverse rigidity and longitudinal rigidity are the most crucial for overall structural integrity and the testing details are summarized in Table 4.

Testing Staking

Table 4. Standard Testing Requirement for ISO Shipping Container [4,6] Permissible Criteria Loading Residual Deflection under load Deformation 942kN 942kN Corner Post: 4mm Corner Post: 2mm 942kN 942kN Bottom Side Rail: Cross Member: 4mm 3mm Cross Member: 6mm

Rigidity (Transverse)

End Frame: 60mm

End Frame: 10mm

Side Frame: 25mm

Side Frame: 7mm

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