T V NG Ielts [PDF]

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MIN'S IELTS CLASS

VOCABULARY FOR IELTS

By Minh Phạm

Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 1: GROWING UP Relationships, families and early learning 1. adolescence /ˌædəˈlesns/: (n) the period of time in a person's life when they are developing into an adult: giai đoạn thanh thiếu niên She had a troubled adolescence. 2. adulthood /ˈædʌlthʊd/: (n) the part of someone's life when they are an adult: tuổi trưởng thành, giai đoạn trưởng thành People in England legally reach adulthood at 18. 3. bond /bɒnd/: (n) a close connection joining two or more people: mối quan hệ, mối liên kết In societies with strong family bonds, people tend to live longer. 4. brotherhood /ˈbrʌðəhʊd/: (n) friendship and understanding between people: tình anh em, tình huynh đệ The group tries to promote a spirit of brotherhood among its members. 5. character /ˈkærəktə/: (n) the particular combination of qualities in a person or place that makes them different from others: tính cách Politeness is traditionally part of the British character. 6. childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/: (n) the time when someone is a child: thời thơ ấu She had an unhappy childhood. 7. conflict /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/: (n) an active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles: xung đột, mâu thuẫn There was a lot of conflict between him and his father. 8. connection /kəˈnekʃn/: (n) the state of being related to someone or something else: sự kết nối, mối liên hệ The connection between smoking and heart disease is well known.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

9. fatherhood /ˈfɑːðəhʊd/: (n) the state or time of being a father: cương vị làm cha Fatherhood is a lifelong responsibility. 10. friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/: (n) a situation in which two people are friends: tình bạn Their friendship goes back to when they were at school together. 11. instinct /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/: (n) the way people or animals naturally react or behave, without having to think or learn about it: bản năng All his instincts told him to stay near the car and wait for help. 12. interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃn/: (n) an occasion when two or more people or things communicate with or react to each other: sự tương tác, tiếp xúc There's not enough interaction between the management and the workers. → interact /ˌɪntəˈrækt/ with: (v) to communicate with or react to: tương tác với Dominique's teacher says that she interacts well with the other children. 13. motherhood /ˈmʌðəhʊd/: (n) the state or time of being a mother: cương vị làm mẹ I don't feel ready for motherhood yet. 14. nature /ˈneɪtʃə/: (n) the type or main characteristic (of something): bản chất What was the nature of his inquiry? 15. parent /ˈpeərənt/: (n) a mother or father of a person or an animal: bố (hoặc mẹ) I'm going to meet Richard's parents for the first time this weekend. 16. relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/: (n) the connection or similarity between two things: quan hệ, sự liên quan The relation between the original book and this new film is very faint. 17. relationship (between/ with) /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/: (n) the way in which two or more people feel and behave towards each other: mối quan hệ

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

He has a very good relationship with his uncle. 18. relative /ˈrelətɪv/: (n) a member of your family: bà con thân thuộc, họ hàng All her distant relatives came to the wedding. 19. relative to /ˈrelətɪv/: (a) If something is relative to something else, it changes according to the speed or level of the other thing: tương đối với The amount of petrol a car uses is relative to its speed. 20. teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒə/: (n) a young person between 13 and 19 years old: thanh thiếu niên (tuổi 13 đến 19) The magazine is aimed at teenagers and young adults. 21. temperament /ˈtemprəmənt/: (n) the part of your character that affects your moods and the way you behave: khí chất Their temperaments are very different. 22. tie /taɪ/: (n) the friendly feelings that people have for other people, or special connections with places: mối ràng buộc, quan hệ Family ties are weaker if you move a long way away. 23. active role: vai trò tích cực 24. play a role: đóng vai trò 25. family gathering: họp mặt gia đình 26. extended family: đại gia đình (≥ 3 thế hệ) (bao gồm cả cô dì chú bác…) 27. immediate family: gia đình riêng (bố mẹ, con cái) 28. maternal instinct: bản năng làm mẹ 29. sibling /ˈsɪblɪŋ/: (n) a brother or sister: anh (hoặc chị) (hoặc em) I have four siblings: three brothers and a sister. 30. rivalry /ˈraɪvlri/: (n) a situation in which people, businesses, etc. compete with each other for the same thing: sự cạnh tranh, ganh đua There's such rivalry between my three sons. 31. sibling rivalry: ganh đua giữa anh chị em trong gia đình 32. stable /ˈsteɪbl/: (a) firmly fixed or not likely to move or change: ổn định

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

After several part-time jobs, he's now got a stable job in a bank. 33. upbringing /ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/: (n) the way in which you are treated and educated when young, especially by your parents, especially in relation to the effect that this has on how you behave and make moral decisions: sự giáo dục, dạy dỗ Is it right to say all the crimes he committed were simply the result of his upbringing? 34. stable upbringing: sự nuôi dưỡng tốt, ổn định 35. resemblance /rɪˈzembləns/: (n) the fact that two people or things look like each other or are similar in some other way: sự giống nhau These prices bear no resemblance to (= are completely different from) the ones I saw printed in the newspaper. 36. striking resemblance: giống nhau một cách nổi bật 37. close /kləʊs/: (a) having direct family connections or shared beliefs, support, and sympathy: gần gũi In those early months, there's a very close bond between mother and child. 38. close-knit /ˌkləʊs ˈnɪt/: (a) If a group of people are close-knit, they all help and support each other: khắn khít a close-knit family/community 39. maternal /məˈtɜːnl/: (a) related to a mother's side of the family: (thuộc) mẹ, về phía mẹ Her maternal grandmother (= mother's mother) is still alive. 40. paternal /pəˈtɜː.nəl/: (a) coming from or relating to someone's father or his side of the family: (thuộc) bố, về phía bố My paternal grandparents (= my father's parents) were Irish. 41. rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/: (a) giving a reward, especially by making you feel satisfied that you have done something important or useful, or done something well: bổ ích, tốt đẹp, đáng làm

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

Is it a rewarding job? 42. accommodate /əˈkɒmədeɪt/: (v) to give what is needed to someone: đáp ứng/thỏa mãn (yêu cầu của ai đó) We certainly try to accommodate students with disabilities. 43. adopt /əˈdɒpt/ (v) to legally take another person's child into your own family and take care of him or her as your own child: nhận làm con nuôi They've adopted a baby girl. (v) to accept or start to use something new: áp dụng (một phương pháp) I think it's time to adopt a different strategy in my dealings with him. 44. break down: (v) If a system, relationship, or discussion breaks down, it fails because there is a problem or disagreement: đổ vỡ 45. develop /dɪˈveləp/: (v) to (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger form: phát triển It became clear that he wasn't developing like all the other little boys. 46. endure /ɪnˈdjʊə/: (v) to suffer something difficult, unpleasant, or painful: chịu đựng We had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport. (v) to continue to exist for a long time: kéo dài The political system established in 1400 endured until about 1650. 47. establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/: (v) to start having a relationship with, or communicating with another person, company, country, or organization: lập, tạo There is a strong need to establish effective communication links between staff, parents, pupils, and external bodies. 48. have sth in common: có điểm chung

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

49. inherit /ɪnˈherɪt/: (v) to receive money, a house, etc. from someone after they have died: thừa hưởng, thừa kế Who will inherit the house when he dies? 50. nurture /ˈnɜːtʃə/: (v) to take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children or plants, and help him, her, or it to develop: nuôi dưỡng She wants to stay at home and nurture her children. 51. relate (to) /rɪˈleɪt/: (v) to understand someone and be able to have a friendly relationship with them: tương tác, hiểu và thông cảm Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

U N IT 2 : M E N T A L A N D P H Y S IC A L D E V E L O P M E N T The body, the mind 1. ability /əˈbɪləti/: (n) the physical or mental power or skill needed to do something: khả năng, năng lực She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely. 2. adolescent /ˌædəˈlesnt/: (n) a young person who is developing into an adult: thanh thiếu niên 3. behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/: (n) the way that someone behaves: hành vi This approach can help identify common behaviors and their causes. 4. childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/: (n) the time when someone is a child: thời thơ ấu, tuổi thơ She had an unhappy childhood. 5. concept /ˈkɒnsept/: (n) a principle or idea: khái niệm The concept of free speech is unknown to them. 6. consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/: (n) a result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient: hậu quả, kết quả I told the hairdresser to do what she wanted to my hair, and look at the consequences! 7. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/: (n) a movement of the hands, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling: điệu bộ She made a rude gesture at the other driver. 8. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/: (v) to use a gesture to express or emphasize something: ra dấu, ra điệu bộ He made no answer but walked on, gesturing for me to follow. 9. growth /ɡrəʊθ/: (n) the growth of a person, animal, or plant is its process of

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

increasing in size: sự phát triển A balanced diet is essential for healthy growth. 10. height /haɪt/: (n) the distance from the top to the bottom of something, or the quality of being tall: chiều cao The sheer height of New York's skyscrapers is so impressive. 11. imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/: (n) the ability to form pictures in the mind: sự tưởng tượng, óc tưởng tượng I can never make up stories - I have absolutely no imagination. 12. infant /ˈɪnfənt/: (n) a baby or a very young child: trẻ sơ sinh 13. infancy /ˈɪnfənsi/: (n) the time when someone is a baby or a very young child: giai đoạn sơ sinh Her youngest child died in infancy. 14. knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/: (n) understanding of or information about a subject that you get by experience or study, either known by one person or by people generally: kiến thức He has a limited knowledge of French. 15. mature /məˈtʃʊə/: (a) mature people behave like adults in a way that shows they are well developed emotionally: trưởng thành >< immature /ˌɪməˈtjʊə/: (a) non nớt, chưa trưởng thành He's very mature for his age. → mature /məˈtʃʊə/: (v) to become more developed mentally and emotionally and behave in a responsible way: trưởng thành Girls are said to mature faster than boys.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

→ maturity /məˈtʃʊərəti/: (n) sự trưởng thành How long does it take for the chicks to grow to maturity? 16. memory /ˈmeməri/: (n) the ability to remember information, experiences, and people: trí nhớ She has an excellent memory for names (= she can remember names easily). 17. milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/: (n) an important event in the development or history of something or in someone's life: cột mốc, bước ngoặc He felt that moving out of his parents' home was a real milestone in his life. 18. mind /maɪnd/: (n) the part of a person that makes it possible for him or her to think, feel emotions, and understand things: đầu óc, tâm trí Her mind was full of what had happened the night before, and she just wasn't concentrating. 19. peer /pɪə/: (n) a person who is the same age or has the same social position or the same abilities as other people in a group: bạn bè Do you think it's true that teenage girls are less self-confident than their male peers? 20. period /ˈpɪəriəd/: (n) a length of time: giai đoạn Her work means that she spends long periods away from home. 21. phase /feɪz/: (n) any stage in a series of events or in a process of development: giai đoạn We're entering a new phase in international relations. 22. stage /steɪdʒ/: (n) a part of an activity or a period of development: bước, giai đoạn The project is in its final stages and should be completed by August. 23. rate /reɪt/: (n) the speed at which something happens or changes, or the amount

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

or number of times it happens or changes in a particular period: tốc độ, tỉ lệ Although she's recovering from her illness, her rate of progress is quite slow. 24. social /ˈsəʊʃl/: (a) relating to activities in which you meet and spend time with other people and that happen during the time when you are not working: (thuộc) xã hội I had an active social life when I was at college. 25. skill /skɪl/: (n) an ability to do an activity or job well, especially because you have practised it: kỹ năng, sự khéo léo Ruth had/possessed great writing skills. 26. toddler /ˈtɒdlə/: (n) a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned to walk: trẻ biết đi chập chững 27. transition /trænˈzɪʃn/: (n) changes, which may be social, legal, or medical, that lead to someone living their life as a person of a different gender to the one they were said to have at birth: sự chuyển tiếp She began her transition from male to female almost seven years ago. 28. abstract /ˈæbstrækt/: (a) existing as an idea, feeling, or quality, not as a material object: trừu tượng Truth and beauty are abstract concepts. 29. cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/: (a) connected with thinking or conscious mental processes: thuộc nhận thức Some of her cognitive functions have been impaired. 30. clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/: (a) a clumsy person often has accidents because they do not behave in a careful, controlled way: vụng về That's the third glass you've smashed this week - you're so clumsy!

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

31. fond /fɒnd/: (a) [before noun] happy and loving: (trước danh từ) yêu dấu, tốt đẹp Many of us have fond memories of our childhoods. 32. fully-grown /ˈfʊli-ɡrəʊn/: (a) people and other living things that are fully-grown have finished their physical growth and will not grow taller: hoàn toàn trưởng thành A fully-grown giraffe is 5.5 m tall. 33. independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/: (a) not influenced or controlled in any way by other people, events, or things: độc lập They all made the same comment, quite independent of each other. 34. irresponsible /ˌɪrɪˈspɒnsəbl/: (a) not thinking enough or not worrying about the possible results of what you do: vô trách nhiệm It would be irresponsible to ignore these warnings. 35. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/: (a) having patience: kiên nhẫn Be patient with her - she's very young. 36. rebellious /rɪˈbeljəs/: (a) If someone is rebellious, they are difficult to control and do not behave in the way that is expected: nổi loạn Her teachers regard her as a rebellious, trouble-making girl. 37. significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/: (a) important or noticeable: quan trọng, đáng kể There has been a significant increase in the number of women students in recent years. 38. tolerant /ˈtɒlərənt/: (a) able to deal with something unpleasant or annoying, or to continue existing despite bad or difficult conditions: chịu đựng, có sức chịu đựng, bao dung I think men are less tolerant of stress than women.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

39. acquire /əˈkwaɪə/: (v) to obtain or begin to have something: đạt được, tiếp thu She acquired her love of the outdoors as a child. 40. develop /dɪˈveləp/: (v) to (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger form: phát triển It became clear that he wasn't developing like all the other little boys. 41. grow /ɡrəʊ/: (v) to increase in size or amount, or to become more advanced or developed: mọc, phát triển Children grow so quickly. 42. imitate /ˈɪmɪteɪt/: (v) to behave in a similar way to someone or something else, or to copy the speech or behaviour, etc. of someone or something: bắt chước Some of the younger pop bands try to imitate their musical heroes from the past. 43. look back /lʊk bæk/: (v) to think about something that happened in the past: nhìn lại, nhớ lại, nghĩ lại When I look back, I can see where we went wrong. 44. master /ˈmɑːstə/: (v) to learn how to do something well: nắm vững, thông thạo She lived in Italy for several years but never quite mastered the language. 45. remember /rɪˈmembə/: (v) to be able to bring back a piece of information into your mind, or to keep a piece of information in your memory: nhớ I can remember people's faces, but not their names. 46. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/: (v) to make someone think of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten: nhắc nhớ, nhắc nhở Could you remind Paul about dinner on Saturday? → reminder /rɪˈmaɪndə/: (n) a written or spoken message that reminds someone to do

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

something: lời nhắc nhớ, sự nhắc nhở If he forgot to pay his rent, his landlady would send him a reminder. 47. reminisce /ˌremɪˈnɪs/: (v) to talk or write about past experiences that you remember with pleasure: hồi tưởng, nhớ lại My grandfather used to reminisce about his years in the navy. 48. throw a tantrum: to experience and show a strong feeling of anger, especially suddenly: nổi giận, nổi cơn thịnh nộ My mother threw a tantrum when she saw what a mess we'd made of her kitchen. 49. visualize /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/: (v) to form a picture of someone or something in your mind, in order to imagine or remember him, her, or it: hình dung/hiển thị hóa I was so surprised when he turned up - I'd visualized someone much older. 50. typically /ˈtɪpɪkli/: (adv) used when you are giving an average or usual example of a particular thing: điển hình, thường thấy Typically, a doctor will see about 30 patients a day. 51. bear in mind: to remember a piece of information when you are making a decision or thinking about a matter: ghi nhớ, nhớ Bearing in mind how young she is, I thought she did really well. 52. broaden the mind: to make someone understand more and know more about different subjects, ideas, places, etc.: mở rộng đầu óc They say that travel broadens the mind. 53. have something in mind: to have a plan or intention: có ý tưởng, nghĩ đến (dùng người nào/vật nào cho việc gì) Did you have anything in mind for Helen's present?

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

54. keep an open mind: to wait until you know all the facts before forming an opinion or making a decision about something: giữ thái độ trung lập (không vội phán xét) The judge urged the jury to keep an open mind until they had heard all the evidence. 55. put your mind at ease: to stop someone from worrying about something: thư giãn, không phải lo lắng gì nữa Chris phoned to say they'd arrived safely, so that really put my mind at ease.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 3: KEEPING FIT Diet, health and exercise 1. allergy /ˈælədʒi/: (n) a condition that makes a person become sick or develop skin or breathing problems because they have eaten certain foods or been near certain substances: dị ứng, chứng dị ứng an allergy to wheat 2. allergic /əˈlɜːdʒɪk/: (a) having an allergy: dị ứng I'm allergic to cats. 3. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/: (n) an uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worry about something that is happening or might happen in the future: sự lo lắng 4. appetite /ˈæpɪtaɪt/: (n) the feeling that you want to eat food: sự ngon miệng, sự thèm ăn Both viruses cause fever and loss of appetite. 5. artery /ˈɑːtəri/: (n) one of the thick tubes that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body: động mạch 6. asset /ˈæset/: (n) a useful or valuable quality, skill, or person: tài sản, vật quý He'll be a great asset to the team. 7. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/: (n) a helpful or good effect, or something intended to help: lợi ích 8. craving /ˈkreɪvɪŋ/: (n) a strong feeling of wanting something: sự thèm muốn, lòng khao khát (count.) I have a craving for chocolate. 9. depression /dɪˈpreʃn/: (n) a mental illness in which a person is very unhappy and anxious (= worried and nervous) for long periods and cannot have a normal life during these periods: trầm cảm

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

10. diagnosis /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs /: (n) a judgment about what a particular illness or problem is, made after examining it: chuẩn đoán 11. diet / ˈdaɪət /: (n) the food and drink usually eaten or drunk by a person or group: chế độ ăn uống, thức ăn (thường hay ăn) The children seem to exist on a diet of fried food. 12. dietician /ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃn /: (n) a person who scientifically studies and gives advice about food and eating: chuyên gia dinh dưỡng 13. disease /dɪˈziːz /: (n) (an) illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure of health rather than by an accident: bệnh 14. eating disorder /dɪsˈɔːdə(r)/: (n) a mental illness in which people eat far too little or far too much food and are unhappy with their bodies: rối loạn 15. exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz /: (n) physical activity that you do to make your body strong and healthy: bài tập thể dục 16. factor /ˈfæktə(r)/: (n) a fact or situation that influences the result of something: nhân tố 17. fast food /fɑːst fuːd/: (n) hot food such as hamburgers that is quick to cook or is already cooked and is therefore served very quickly in a restaurant: thức ăn nhanh 18. fat /fæt/: (a) the substance under the skin of humans and animals that stores energy and keeps them warm: mập, béo 19. harm /hɑːm /: (n) physical or other injury or damage: sự gây hại 20. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/: (a) causing harm: có hại This group of chemicals is known to be harmful to people with asthma. 21. health /helθ /: (n) the condition of the body and the degree to which it is free from

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

illness, or the state of being well: sức khỏe to be in good/poor health 22. healthy /ˈhelθi/: (a) strong and well: lành mạnh, khỏe mạnh 23. heart attack /hɑːt əˈtæk /: (n) a serious medical condition in which the heart does not get enough blood, causing great pain and often leading to death: đau tim 24. infection /ɪnˈfekʃn /: (n) a disease in a part of your body that is caused by bacteria or a virus: nhiễm, lây nhiễm, nhiễm trùng 25. ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt /: (n) a food that is used with other foods in the preparation of a particular dish: thành phần 26. insomnia /ɪnˈsɒmniə /: (n) the condition of being unable to sleep, over a period of time: chứng mất ngủ 27. intake /ˈɪnteɪk /: (n) an act of taking in something, especially breath: sự lấy vào, sự hấp thu 28. junk food /dʒʌŋk fuːd/: food that is unhealthy but is quick and easy to eat: thức ăn rác = unhealthy food 29. muscle /ˈmʌsl/: (n) one of many tissues in the body that can tighten and relax to produce movement: cơ bắp 30. nutrient /ˈnjuːtriənt/: (n) any substance that plants or animals need in order to live and grow: chất dinh dưỡng 31. nutrition /njuˈtrɪʃn/: (n) the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health: dinh dưỡng, sự nuôi dưỡng 32. obesity /əʊˈbiːsəti/: (n) the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health: béo phì 33. onset /ˈɒnset/: (n) the beginning of something: sự bắt đầu

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

We have to get the roof fixed before the onset of winter. 34. portion /ˈpɔːʃn/: (n) the amount of a particular food that is served to one person, especially in a restaurant or a shop that sells food ready to be eaten: khẩu phần, phần The portions are very generous in this restaurant. 35. risk /rɪsk/: (n) the possibility of something bad happening: rủi ro, nguy cơ There's a high risk of another accident happening in this fog. 36. serving /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/: (n) an amount of one type of food that is given to one person: phần ăn, suất ăn The quantities given in the recipe should be enough for four servings. 37. stress /stres/: (n) great worry caused by a difficult situation, or something that causes this condition: căng thẳng, xì-trét People under a lot of stress may experience headaches, minor pains, and sleeping difficulties. 38. stroke /strəʊk/: (n) a sudden change in the blood supply to a part of the brain, sometimes causing a loss of the ability to move particular parts of the body: đột quỵ She suffered/had a stroke that left her unable to speak. 39. treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/: (n) the use of drugs, exercises, etc. to cure a person of an illness or injury: sự điều trị, thuốc men, phương pháp điều trị There are various treatments for this complaint. 40. therapy /ˈθerəpi/: (n) a treatment that helps someone feel better, grow stronger, etc., especially after an illness: trị liệu, liệu pháp Joining a club can be a therapy for loneliness.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

41. variety /vəˈraɪəti/: (n) many different types of things or people: sự đa dạng She does a variety of fitness activities. 42. weight /weɪt/: (n) the amount that something or someone weighs: khối lượng, cân nặng 43. acute /əˈkjuːt/: (a) an acute pain or illness is one that quickly becomes very severe: cấp tính, buốt, sắc sảo 44. alternate /ɔːlˈtɜːnət/: (a) with first one thing, then another thing, and then the first thing again: luân phiên, xen kẽ a dessert with alternate layers of chocolate and cream 45. brisk /brɪsk/: (a) quick, energetic, and active: nhanh 46. chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/: (a) (especially of a disease or something bad) continuing for a long time: kinh niên, mạn tính chronic diseases/conditions There is a chronic shortage of teachers. 47. infectious /ɪnˈfekʃəs/: (a) (of a disease) able to be passed from one person, animal, or plant to another: lây nhiễm 48. moderate /ˈmɒdərət/: (a) neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength: điều độ, đều The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family. 49. obese /əʊˈbiːs/: (a) extremely fat in a way that is dangerous for health: béo phì 50. overweight /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/: (a) fat: quá cân 51. persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/: (a) lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of: dai dẳng, kiên trì There have been persistent rumours that the principal might take early retirement.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

52. regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/: (a) happening or doing something often: đều đặn 53. vital /ˈvaɪtl/: (a) necessary for the success or continued existence of something; extremely important: thiết yếu A strong opposition is vital to a healthy democracy. 54. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/: (v) to stay away from someone or something: tránh 55. counteract /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/: (v) to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite effect: trung hòa, chống lại Drinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydrating effects of hot weather. 56. curb /kɜːb/: (v) to control or limit something that is not wanted: kiểm soát, kiềm chế The government should act to curb tax evasion. 57. cure /kjʊə(r)/: (v) to make someone with an illness healthy again: chữa trị 58. diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/: (v) to reduce or be reduced in size or importance: làm giảm bớt, thu nhỏ These memories will not be diminished by time. 59. disrupt /dɪsˈrʌpt/: (v) to prevent something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected: cản trở, làm gián đoạn, ngắt Heavy snow disrupted travel into the city this morning. 60. eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/: (v) to remove or take away someone or something: loại bỏ A move towards healthy eating could help eliminate heart disease. 61. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/: (v) to continue to have; to keep in existence, or not allow to become less: duy trì 62. overdo /ˌəʊvəˈduː/: (v) to do something in a way that is too extreme: làm quá mức After a heart attack you have to be careful not to overdo things (= you have to work and

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

live calmly). 63. overeat /ˌəʊvərˈiːt/: (v) to eat more food than your body needs, especially so that you feel uncomfortably full: ăn quá nhiều 64. prevent /prɪˈvent/: (v) to stop something from happening or someone from doing something: ngăn chặn, ngăn ngừa His disability prevents him from driving. 65. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/: (v) to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done: khuyến cáo, đề nghị 66. recover /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/: (v) to become completely well again after an illness or injury: phục hồi It took her a long time to recover from her heart operation. 67. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/: (v) to become or to make something become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.: giảm 68. skip /skɪp/: (v) to not do or not have something that you usually do or that you should do; to avoid: bỏ qua 69. stimulate /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/: (v) to encourage something to grow, develop, or become active: kích thích The government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy. 70. trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/: (v) to cause something to start: kích hoạt, gây ra, khơi mào Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 4: LIFESTYLES Life, leisure 1. activity /ækˈtɪvəti/: (n) the situation in which a lot of things are happening or people are moving around: hoạt động 2. aspect /ˈæspekt/: (n) one part of a situation, problem, subject, etc.: khía cạnh, mặt 3. attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/: (n) a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused by this: thái độ 4. (achieve a) balance /ˈbæləns/: đạt được sự cân bằng 5. competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/: (n) a situation in which someone is trying to win something or be more successful than someone else: cạnh tranh 6. creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvɪti/: (n) the ability to produce or use original and unusual ideas: sự sáng tạo 7. daily routine /ˈdeɪli ruːˈtiːn/: (n) thói quen hàng ngày 8. desire /dɪˈzaɪə(r)/: (n) a strong feeling that you want something: khao khát I certainly have no desire to have children. 9. disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/: (n) the feeling of being disappointed: thất vọng 10. experience /ɪkˈspɪərɪəns/: (n) (the process of getting) knowledge or skill from doing, seeing, or feeling things: kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm 11. fulfillment /fʊlˈfɪlmənt/: (n) a feeling of pleasure because you are getting what you want from life: sự thỏa mãn, hạnh phúc 12. goal /ɡəʊl/: (n) an aim or purpose: mục tiêu

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

13. hobby /ˈhɒbi/: (n) an activity that someone does for pleasure when they are not working: sở thích 14. insight /ˈɪnsaɪt/: (n) (the ability to have) a clear, deep, and sometimes sudden understanding of a complicated problem or situation: sự am hiểu It was an interesting book, full of fascinating insights into human relationships. 15. leisure /ˈleʒə/: (n) the time when you are not working or doing other duties: thời gian nhàn rỗi, giải trí 16. lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/: (n) someone's way of living; the things that a person or particular group of people usually do: lối sống, phong cách sống 17. optimist /ˈɒptɪmɪst/: (n) người lạc quan 18. outlook /ˈaʊtlʊk/: (n) a person's way of understanding and thinking about something: quan điểm He has a fairly positive outlook on life. 19. opportunity /ɒpəˈtjuːnɪti/: (n) an occasion or situation that makes it possible to do something that you want to do or have to do, or the possibility of doing something: cơ hội Everyone will have an opportunity to comment. 20. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/: (n) the type of person you are, shown by the way you behave, feel, and think: tính cách 21. pessimist /ˈpesɪmɪst/: (n) a person who thinks that bad things are more likely to happen or who emphasizes the bad part of a situation: người bi quan 22. priority /praɪˈɒrəti/: (n) something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things: sự ưu tiên

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans (= they deal with them first because they consider them most important). 23. pressure /ˈpreʃə/: (n) the act of trying to make someone else do something by arguing, persuading, etc.: áp lực She's putting pressure on him (= trying to persuade him) to get married. 24. risk-taker /rɪsk ˈteɪkə/: (n) someone who often takes risks: người mạo hiểm 25. self-expression /ˌself ɪkˈspreʃn/: (n) expression of your personality, emotions, or ideas, especially through art, music, or acting: tự thể hiện 26. sense /sens/: (n) an ability to understand, recognize, value, or react to something, especially any of the five physical abilities to see, hear, smell, taste, and feel: giác quan, cảm giác 27. active /ˈæktɪv/: (a) busy with a particular activity: chủ động, tích cực 28. bored /bɔːd/: (a) feeling unhappy because something is not interesting or because you have nothing to do: chán He was getting bored with/of doing the same thing every day. 29. confused /kənˈfjuːzd/: (a) unable to think clearly or to understand something: bị bối rối, rối rắm Grandpa gets pretty confused sometimes, and doesn't even know what day it is. 30. dissatisfied /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪd/: (a) not pleased with something; feeling that something is not as good as it should be: không bằng lòng, bất mãn If you're dissatisfied with the service, why don't you complain to the hotel manager? 31. intense /ɪnˈtens/: (a) extreme and forceful or (of a feeling) very strong: mạnh, mãnh liệt

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

32. materialistic /məˌtɪərɪəˈlɪstɪk/: (a) believing that having money and possessions is the most important thing in life: thực dụng, thiên về vật chất 33. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/: (a) bad or harmful: tiêu cực The warm winter has had a very negative effect/impact on the ski industry. 34. outdoor /ˈaʊtdɔː/: (a) existing, happening, or done outside, rather than inside a building: ngoài trời 35. positive /ˈpɒzɪtɪv/: (a) full of hope and confidence, or giving cause for hope and confidence: tích cực 36. recreational /rekriˈeɪʃənl/: (a) connected with ways of enjoying yourself when you are not working: (thuộc) giải trí, tiêu khiển recreational activities/facilities Recreational fishing is allowed on the river. 37. successful /səkˈsesfʊl/: (a) having achieved a lot, become popular, and/or made a lot of money: thành công 38. achieve (a goal) /əˈtʃiːv/: đạt được mục tiêu 39. appeal /əˈpiːl/: (v) to interest or attract someone: lôi cuốn, hấp dẫn I think what appeals to me about his painting is his use of colour. 40. attract /əˈtrækt/: (v) If something attracts you, or you are attracted by it, you like it and find it interesting: thu hút 41. choose /tʃuːz/: (v) to decide what you want from two or more things or possibilities: lựa chọn She had to choose between the two men in her life. 42. express /ɪkˈspres/: (v) to show a feeling, opinion, or fact: diễn tả, thể hiện

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

43. enjoy /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/: (v) to get pleasure from something: tận hưởng, thích 44. fulfil /fʊlˈfɪl/: (v) to do something that is expected, hoped for, or promised, or to cause it to happen: làm thỏa mãn, đáp ứng A school fails if it does not fulfil the needs/requirements of its pupils. 45. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/: (v) to (cause something to) get better: cải thiện 46. motivate /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/: (v) to make someone want to do something well: thúc đẩy, tạo động lực Teaching is all about motivating people to learn. 47. participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/: (v) to take part in or become involved in an activity: tham gia She never participates in any of our discussions, does she? 48. regret /rɪˈɡret/: (v) to feel sorry about a situation, especially something sad or wrong or a mistake that you have made: hối tiếc, hối hận 49. relax /rɪˈlæks/: (v) to (cause someone to) become less active and more calm and happy, or to (cause a part of the body to) become less stiff: thư giãn 50. satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/: (v) to please someone by giving them what they want or need: làm thỏa mãn, làm hài lòng They have 31 flavours of ice cream - enough to satisfy everyone! 51. lead a happy life: sống một cuộc sống hạnh phúc 52. live life on the edge: sống táo bạo, mạo hiểm 53. live life to the full: sống hết mình 54. make a choice: lựa chọn 55. make a decision: ra quyết định

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

56. make a living: kiếm sống 57. meet a need: đáp ứng nhu cầu 58. miss (an opportunity): bỏ lỡ (cơ hội) 59. play a role: đóng vai trò 60. put pressure on: tạo áp lực 61. set (a goal): đặt mục tiêu 62. take part (in): tham gia vào 63. work hard for a living: làm việc vất vả để kiếm sống 64. all walks of life: mọi thành phần xã hội In my work I see people from all walks of life. 65. cost of living: chi phí sinh hoạt 66. lifelong ambition: tham vọng cả đời 67. living expenses: chi phí sinh hoạt, chi phí sống 68. once-in-a-lifetime opportunity: cơ hội ngàn năm có một 69. standard of living: mức sống 70. way of life: cách sống, lối sống

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 5: STUDENT LIFE Study, education, research 1. assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/: (n) bài tập 2. college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/: (n) a university where you can study for an undergraduate (= first) degree: đại học, cao đẳng 3. controversy /ˈkɒntrəvəːsi/: (n) a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people: tranh cãi, tranh luận There was a big controversy surrounding/over the use of drugs in athletics. 4. curriculum /kəˈrɪkjʊləm/: (n) the subjects studied in a school, college, etc. and what each subject includes: chương trình học 5. dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn/: (n) a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done in order to receive a degree at college or university: bài nghị luận, bài luận văn Ann did her dissertation on Baudelaire. 6. education /edjʊˈkeɪʃn/: (n) giáo dục 7. exam /ɪɡˈzam/: (n) kì thi 8. field /fiːld/: (n) lĩnh vực 9. findings /ˈfaɪndɪŋz/: (n) information that has been discovered esp. by detailed study (usually plural): phát hiện, kết quả 10. funding /ˈfʌndɪŋ/: (n) (uncount.) money given by a government or organization for an event or activity: tài trợ, tiền tài trợ Alisha is trying to get funding for her research.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

11. grade /ɡreɪd/: (n) cấp, lớp 12. graduation /ɡrædʒʊˈeɪʃn/: (n) tốt nghiệp 13. grant /ɡrɑːnt/: (n) an amount of money given especially by the government to a person or organization for a special purpose: trợ cấp They gave her a grant to study abroad for one year. 14. high school /haɪ skuːl/: (n) trường cấp 3 15. homework /ˈhəʊmwəːk/: (n) bài tập về nhà 16. junior school /ˈdʒuːnɪə skuːl/: (n) trường cấp 2 17. kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɡɑːtn/: (n) trường mẫu giáo 18. lecturer /ˈlektʃərə/: (n) someone who teaches at a college or university: giảng viên 19. library /ˈlaɪbrəri/: (n) thư viện 20. limit /ˈlɪmɪt/: (n) giới hạn, phạm vi 21. master /ˈmastər /: (n) cấp học thạc sĩ, cao học 22. nursery /ˈnɜːsəri/: (n) nhà trẻ 23. PhD /piːeɪtʃˈdiː/: (n) cấp học tiến sĩ 24. primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/: (n) trường tiểu học 25. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/: (n) chương trình 26. project /ˈprɒdʒekt/: (n) dự án 27. research /rɪˈsəːtʃ/: (n) nghiên cứu 28. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/: (n) nguồn, phương sách 29. result /rɪˈzʌlt/: (n) kết quả 30. scholarship /ˈskɒləʃɪp/: (n) an amount of money given by a school, college,

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

university, or other organization to pay for the studies of a person with great ability but little money: học bổng He won a scholarship to Harvard. 31. scope /skəʊp/: (n) the range of a subject covered by a book, programme, discussion, class, etc.: phạm vi, tầm vực I'm afraid that problem is beyond the scope of my lecture. 32. secondary school /ˈsekəndri skuːl/: (n) trường cấp 2 33. source /sɔːs/: (n) nguồn 34. syllabus /ˈsɪləbəs/: (n) a plan showing the subjects or books to be studied in a particular course: đề cương chương trình học 35. task /tɑːsk/: (n) a piece of work to be done, especially one done regularly, unwillingly, or with difficulty: nhiệm vụ We usually ask interviewees to perform a few simple tasks on the computer just to test their aptitude. 36. theory /ˈθɪəri/: (n) a formal statement of the rules on which a subject of study is based or of ideas that are suggested to explain a fact or event or, more generally, an opinion or explanation: lý thuyết, quan điểm, niềm tin 37. thesis /ˈθiːsɪs/: (n) a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done for a higher college or university degree: luận văn a doctoral thesis (= for a PhD) 38. tutor /ˈtjuːtə/: (n) a teacher at a British college or university who teaches one student or a small group: gia sư, thầy phụ đạo His tutor encouraged him to read widely in philosophy.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

39. topic /ˈtɒpɪk/: (n) chủ đề 40. university /juːnɪˈvəːsɪti/: (n) a place where people study for an undergraduate (= first) or postgraduate (= higher level) degree: trường đại học 41. academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/: (a) học thuật 42. eligible /ˈelɪdʒəbl/: (a) having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions: đủ tư cách, thích hợp Only people over 18 are eligible to vote. Are you eligible for early retirement? 43. mixed /mɪkst/: (a) trộn lẫn, hỗn hợp 44. postgraduate /ˌpəʊstˈɡrædʒuət/: (a) sau đại học 45. relevant /ˈreləvənt/: (a) connected with what is happening or being discussed: liên quan Education should be relevant to the child's needs. 46. senior /ˈsiːniə/: (a) cao hơn (về cấp, bậc, chức…) 47. single-sex /ˈsɪŋɡl seks/: (a) trường một giới 48. studious /ˈstjuːdiəs/: (a) chăm chỉ 49. work-related /wɜːk rɪˈleɪtɪd/: (a) liên quan công việc 50. adopt /əˈdɒpt/: (v) chấp thuận, nhận làm con nuôi 51. analyse /ˈænəlaɪz/: (v) phân tích 52. conduct / kənˈdʌkt/: (v) thực hiện 53. concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/: (v) tập trung I can't concentrate on my work with all that noise. 54. consider / kənˈsɪdə/: (v) to believe someone or something to be, or think of him,

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

her, or it as something: xem xét, đánh giá là He is currently considered (to be) the best British athlete. 55. find out /faɪnd aʊt/: (v) tìm ra 56. graduate /ˈɡrædʒʊeit/: (v) tốt nghiệp 57. learn (about) /ləːn/: (v) học (về gì đó) 58. organize /ˈɔːɡ(ə)nʌɪz/: (v) tổ chức 59. overcome /əʊvəˈkʌm/: (v) to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something: vượt qua to overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistance 60. review / rɪˈvjuː/: (v) xem lại 61. revise /rɪˈvaɪz/: (v) ôn bài, xem lại bài 62. struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/: (v) to experience difficulty and make a very great effort in order to do something: cố gắng làm điều gì đó I've been struggling to understand this article all afternoon. 63. take (a course) /teɪk/: tham dự một khóa học 64. relatively /ˈrelətɪvli/: (adv) in comparison with other similar things or with what you expect: khá là A few states across the country have remained in relatively good shape.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 6: EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Language, linguistics 1. accuracy /ˈækjərəsi/: (n) sự chính xác 2. communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/: (n) giao tiếp 3. concept /ˈkɒnsept/: (n) khái niệm 4. conjecture /kənˈdʒektʃə/: (v) to guess, based on the appearance of a situation and not on proof: phỏng đoán We'll never know exactly how she died; we can only conjecture. 5. dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt/: (n) tiếng địa phương, phương ngữ The poem is written in northern dialect. 6. fluency /ˈfluːənsi/: (n) sự lưu loát, trôi chảy 7. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/: (n) a movement of the hands, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling: điệu bộ, cử chỉ She made a rude gesture at the other driver. 8. hesitation /ˌhezɪˈteɪʃn/: (n) the act of pausing before doing something, especially because you are nervous or not certain: sự do dự, ấp úng I have no hesitation in recommending Ms Shapur for the job. 9. language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/: (n) ngôn ngữ 10. language barrier /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ ˈbæriər/: (n) rào cản ngôn ngữ 11. linguist /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/: (n) nhà ngôn ngữ học 12. linguistics /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/: (n) the scientific study of the structure and development of language in general or of particular languages: ngành ngôn ngữ học

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

13. means of communication /miːnz/: phương tiện giao tiếp Television is an increasingly important means of communication. 14. mother tongue /tʌŋ/: (n) tiếng mẹ đẻ 15. native speaker /ˈneɪtɪv ˈspiːkə/: (n) người bản ngữ 16. pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/: (n) phát âm 17. sign language /saɪn ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/: (n) a system of hand and body movements representing words, used by and to people who cannot hear or talk: ngôn ngữ kí hiệu 18. vocabulary /vəˈkæbjəleri/: (n) từ vựng 19. incoherent /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrənt/: (a) expressed in a way that is not clear, especially with ideas or words that are not connected in a sensible or clear way: rời rạc, không mạch lạc The talk she gave was incoherent and badly prepared. 20. inherent /ɪnˈhɪrənt/: (a) existing as a natural or basic part of something: cố hữu, vốn có I have an inherent distrust of lawyers. 21. sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/: (a) intelligent or made in a complicated way and therefore able to do complicated tasks: phức tạp, tinh vi I think a more sophisticated approach is needed to solve this problem. 22. spontaneous /spɒnˈteɪniəs/: (a) happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced: tự nhiên, tự phát His jokes seemed spontaneous, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand. 23. clarify /ˈklærəfaɪ/: (v) to make something clear or easier to understand by

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

giving more details or a simpler explanation: làm rõ, làm sáng sủa Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely. 24. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/: (v) to share information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals: giao tiếp We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world. 25. comprehend /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend/: (v) to understand something completely: hiểu rõ, hiểu thấu đáo He doesn't seem to comprehend the scale of the problem 26. conclude /kənˈkluːd/: (v) kết luận 27. confirm /kənˈfɜːrm/: (v) xác nhận 28. converse /kənˈvɜːrs/: (v) to have a conversation with someone: giao tiếp She's so shy that conversing with her can be pretty hard. 29. define /dɪˈfʌɪn/: (v) định nghĩa 30. demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/: (v) chứng minh 31. distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/: (v) to notice or understand the difference between two things, or to make one person or thing seem different from another: phân biệt I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish from Portuguese. It's important to distinguish between business and pleasure. 32. emerge /ɪˈməːdʒ/: (v) to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something: xuất hiện, nổi lên She emerged from the sea, blue with cold. 33. evolve /iˈvɒlv/: (v) to develop gradually, or to cause something or someone to

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

develop gradually: phát triển, tiến hóa The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million-dollar organization. 34. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/: (v) giải thích 35. express /ɪkˈspres/: (v) thể hiện, diễn tả 36. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/: (v) to use a gesture to express or emphasize something: ra dấu, ra hiệu, ra điệu bộ When he asked where the children were, she gestured vaguely in the direction of the beach. He made no answer but walked on, gesturing for me to follow. 37. illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/: (v) minh họa 38. imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/: (v) to communicate an idea or feeling without saying it directly: ngụ ý I'm not implying anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight? 39. indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/: (v) chỉ ra 40. pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/: (v) phát âm 41. recall /rɪˈkɔːl/: (v) nhớ lại 42. refer to /rɪˈfɜːr/: (v) ám chỉ đến 43. signify /ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/: (v) to be a sign of something; to mean: biểu thị, có nghĩa The number 30 on a road sign signifies that the speed limit is 30 miles an hour. 44. state /steɪt/: (v) nói, phát biểu 45. stutter /ˈstʌtə/: (v) nói lắp, nói cà lăm 46. suggest /səˈdʒest/: (v) đề nghị 47. translate /trænsˈleɪt/: (v) dịch

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

48. there is something to be said for: có ưu điểm, có mặt tốt 49. needless to say: rõ ràng là 50. have a say: có tiếng nói, được lên tiếng 51. When all is said and done: sau khi xem xét mọi thứ, 52. Having said that: nói là nói như vậy, (nhưng)… 53. to say the least: thật đấy, không nói quá đâu 54. You can say that again! Tôi hoàn toàn đồng ý với bạn 55. That is to say: điều đó có nghĩa là, chính xác hơn

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 7: ON THE MOVE Tourism, travel 1. accommodation /əˌkɑːməˈdeɪʃn/: (n) chỗ ở, chỗ trọ 2. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/: (n) an attraction is also something that makes people want to go to a place: điểm thu hút, hoạt động thu hút Florida has numerous tourist attractions. 3. community /kəˈmjuːnəti/: (n) cộng đồng 4. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/: (n) miền quê 5. destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/: (n) điểm đến 6. eco-tourism /ˈiːkəʊˌtʊərɪzəm/: (n) du lịch sinh thái 7. effect /ɪˈfekt/: (n) the result of a particular influence: ảnh hưởng The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on the environment. 8. facility /fəˈsɪləti/: (n) tòa nhà, dịch vụ, thiết bị (tiện ích) (usually plural) 9. identification /aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/: (n) an official document that shows or proves who you are: giấy tờ tùy thân We were asked to show some identification before the security guards would let us in. 10. inhabitant /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/: (n) dân cư, người ở 11. itinerary /aɪˈtɪnəreri/: (n) a detailed plan or route of a journey: hành trình, lộ trình đi The tour operator will arrange transport and plan your itinerary. 12. journey /ˈdʒɜːrni/: (n) the act of travelling from one place to another, especially in a vehicle: hành trình I love going on long journeys.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

13. landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/: (n) a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance: phong cảnh, thắng cảnh The landscape is dotted with the tents of campers and hikers. 14. luggage /ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/: (n) hành lý 15. peak /piːk/: (n) the highest, strongest, or best point, value, or level of skill: đỉnh, cao điểm Prices reach a peak during August. We saw a victory by an athlete at the very peak of her fitness and career. 16. tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/: (n) ngành du lịch 17. tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/: (n) du khách 18. transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/: (n) a system of vehicles, such as buses, trains, aircraft, etc. for getting from one place to another: hệ thống giao thông, phương tiện đi lại Do you have your own transport (= vehicle)? Bicycles are a cheap and efficient form/means of transport. 19. travel /ˈtrævl/: (n) việc đi lại, du lịch 20. travel /ˈtrævəl/: (v) to move or go from one place to another: đi lại, di chuyển Supersonic planes can travel faster than the speed of sound. 21. trend /trend/: (n) xu hướng 22. trip /trɪp/: (n) a journey in which you go somewhere, usually for a short time, and come back again: chuyến đi chơi The trip from York to Newcastle takes about an hour by train. 23. village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/: (n) ngôi làng

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

24. adventurous /ədˈventʃərəs/: (a) willing to try new or difficult things: (thích) mạo hiểm, (thích) phiêu lưu I'm trying to be more adventurous with my cooking. 25. budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/: (n) ngân sách 26. breathtaking /ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/: (a) hấp dẫn, ngoạn mục 27. coastal /ˈkəʊstl/: (a) duyên hải, ven biển 28. cosmopolitan /ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/: (a) containing or having experience of people and things from many different parts of the world: đa dạng (đa quốc tịch, văn hóa, chủng tộc) New York is a highly cosmopolitan city. 29. diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/: (a) including many different types of people or things: đa dạng, nhiều loại khác nhau New York is a very culturally diverse city. 30. flexible /ˈfleksəbl/: (a) linh hoạt 31. foreign /ˈfɒrən/: (a) nước ngoài, ngoại quốc 32. local /ˈləʊkl/: (a) địa phương 33. luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/: (a) sang trọng, lộng lẫy, xa hoa 34. mountainous /ˈmaʊntənəs/: (a) nhiều núi, có núi 35. peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/: (a) yên bình, yên tĩnh 36. picturesque /ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/: (a) đẹp như tranh 37. polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/: (a) bị ô nhiễm 38. quaint /kweɪnt/: (a) attractive because of being unusual and especially oldfashioned: cổ, cổ kính

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

a quaint old cottage 39. remote /rɪˈməʊt/: (a) xa xôi 40. rough /rʌf/: (a) not even or smooth, often because of being in bad condition: gồ ghề, thô It was a rough mountain road, full of stones and huge holes. 41. rural /ˈrʊərəl/: (a) nông thôn, thôn dã, hẻo lánh 42. scenic /ˈsiːnɪk/: (a) (cảnh) đẹp 43. stunning /ˈstʌnɪŋ/: (a) extremely beautiful or attractive: tuyệt vời, lộng lẫy a stunning view over the bay of Saint Tropez 44. tough /tʌf/: (a) khó, cứng rắn 45. traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/: (a) truyền thống 46. unspoilt /ˌʌnˈspɔɪlt/: (a) an unspoiled place is beautiful because it has not been changed or damaged by people: hoang sơ, nguyên vẹn an island with clean, unspoiled beaches 47. urban /ˈɜːbən/: (a) đô thị, thành phố 48. affect /əˈfekt/: (v) to have an influence on someone or something, or to cause a change in someone or something: ảnh hưởng The divorce affected every aspect of her life. 49. fluctuate /ˈflʌktʃueɪt/: (v) to change, especially continuously and between one level or thing and another: dao động Her wages fluctuate between £150 and £200 a week.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 8: THROUGH THE AGES Time, history 1. age /eɪdʒ/: (n) tuổi, thời kỳ, kỷ 2. archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/: (n) nhà khảo cổ học 3. century /ˈsentʃəri/: (n) thế kỷ 4. decade /ˈdekeɪd/: (n) thập kỷ 5. era /ˈɪərə/: (n) a period of time of which particular events or stages of development are typical: kỷ nguyên, thời đại They had worked for peace during the long era of conflict. 6. evidence /ˈevɪdəns/: (n) bằng chứng 7. excavation /ˌekskəˈveɪʃn/: (n) sự khai quật 8. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/: (n) thế hệ 9. the Middle Ages /ðə ˈmɪdl eɪdʒɪz/: (n) a period in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the power of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was strong: thời trung cổ 10. millennia /mɪˈleniə/: (n) thiên niên kỷ (số ít: millennium) 11. period /ˈpɪəriəd/: (n) a length of time: khoảng thời gian, giai đoạn 12. The study will be carried out over a six-month period. 13. phase /feɪz/: (n) any stage in a series of events or in a process of development: giai đoạn, thời kỳ We're entering a new phase in international relations. 14. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə/: (n) người tiên phong 15. timeline /ˈtaɪmlaɪn/: (n) dòng thời gian, lưu đồ thời gian

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

16. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/: (a) cổ đại 17. chronological /ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkl/: (a) following the order in which a series of events happened: theo thứ tự thời gian Give me the dates in chronological order. 18. consecutive /kənˈsekjətɪv/: (a) consecutive events, numbers, etc. follow one after another without an interruption: liên tiếp nhau This is the fifth consecutive weekend that I've spent working. 19. historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/: (a) connected with studying or representing things from the past: thuộc về lịch sử Many important historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed. 20. imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/: (a) coming or likely to happen very soon: sắp xảy ra A strike is imminent. 21. middle-aged /ˈmɪdl eɪdʒd/: (a) trung niên 22. nostalgic / nɒˈstældʒɪk/: (a) feeling happy and also slightly sad when you think about things that happened in the past: hoài cổ Talking about our old family holidays has made me feel nostalgic. 23. prehistory /ˌpriːˈhɪstri/: (n) thời tiền sử 24. prior (to) /ˈpraɪər/: (adv) before a particular time or event: trước (cái gì đó) the weeks prior to her death 25. punctual /ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/: (a) đúng giờ 26. time-consuming /taɪm kənˈsjuːmɪŋ/: (a) tốn thời gian 27. erode /ɪˈrəʊd/: (v) xói mòn 28. infer /ɪnˈfɜː/: (v) suy ra, (phỏng) đoán

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

29. predate /ˌpriːˈdeɪt/: (v) (xảy ra) trước (cái gì đó trong quá khứ) 30. span /spæn/: (v) kéo dài 31. in time: to be in time for something is to arrive at the right moment, before it is too late to do something: kịp lúc We arrived just in time for the show 32. lose track of time: sao lãng thời gian (khi phát hiện thì đã mất nhiều giờ) 33. on time: at the agreed or expected time: đúng giờ I expect all my staff to get to work on time. 34. save time: tiết kiệm thời gian 35. spend time: dành thời gian 36. take so long: tốn nhiều thời gian 37. the right time: giờ đúng 38. chronologically /ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkli/: (adv) theo thứ tự thời gian 39. formerly /ˈfɔːməli/: (adv) in the past: trước đây The European Union was formerly called the European Community. 40. previously /ˈpriːviəsli/: (adv) before the present time or the time referred to: trước đây She was previously employed as a tour guide. 41. subsequently /ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli/: (adv) after something else: sau đó He was badly injured in the crash and subsequently died.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 9: THE NATURAL WORLD Flora and fauna, argiculture 1. agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə/: (n) nông nghiệp 2. animal kingdom /ˈænɪml ˈkɪŋdəm/: (n) vương quốc động vật 3. burrow /ˈbʌrəʊ/: (n) a hole in the ground dug by an animal such as a rabbit, especially to live in: hang (cầy, thỏ) 4. climate /ˈklaɪmət/: (n) khí hậu 5. crop /krɒp/: (n) vụ mùa, mùa màng, cây trồng 6. decline /dɪˈklaɪn/: (n) sự giảm 7. den /den/: (n) the home of particular types of wild animal: hang 8. disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə/: (n) thảm họa 9. ecological balance /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl ˈbæləns/: (n) cân bằng sinh thái 10. ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/: (n) the relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc., usually of a particular area, or the scientific study of this: sinh thái, sinh thái học The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile ecology of the coast. She hopes to study ecology at college. 11. evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/: (n) tiến hóa, phát triển 12. extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/: (n) sự tuyệt chủng 13. fauna /ˈfɔːnə/: (n) all the animals that live wild in a particular area: hệ động vật While she was in Hawaii, she studied the local flora and fauna. 14. flora /ˈflɔːrə/: (n) all the plants of a particular place or from a particular time in history: hệ thực vật

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

the flora of the Balearic Islands 15. genetics /dʒəˈnetɪks/: (n) the study of how, in all living things, the characteristics and qualities of parents are given to their children by their genes: ngành di truyền học 16. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/: (n) môi trường sống 17. human nature / ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪtʃə/: (n) bản chất con người 18. insect /ˈɪnsekt/: (n) côn trùng 19. Mother Nature /ˈmʌðə ˈneɪtʃə/: (mẹ) thiên nhiên 20. pesticide /ˈpestɪsaɪd/: (n) thuốc trừ sâu 21. prey /preɪ/: (n) con mồi 22. repercussion /ˌriːpəˈkʌʃn/: (n) (usually plural) the effect that an action, event, or decision has on something, especially a bad effect: tác động, ảnh hưởng Any decrease in tourism could have serious repercussions for the local economy. 23. scent /sent/: (n) mùi, mùi thơm 24. species /ˈspiːʃiːz/: (n) giống loài 25. soil /sɔɪl/: (n) đất, đất trồng 26. vegetation /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn/: (n) plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area: cây cối (nói chung) The railway track will have to be cleared of vegetation if it is to be used again. 27. vermin /ˈvɜːmɪn/: (n) small animals and insects that can be harmful and are difficult to control when they appear in large numbers: sâu hại, ký sinh Flies, lice, and cockroaches can all be described as vermin. 28. weed /wiːd/: (n) cỏ dại

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

29. arid /ˈærɪd/: (a) very dry and without enough rain for plants: khô cằn The desert is so arid that nothing can grow there. 30. catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/: (a) causing sudden and very great harm or destruction: thảm khốc, thảm hại A catastrophic storm made landfall on US soil. 31. disastrous /dɪˈzɑːstrəs/: (a) extremely bad or unsuccessful: thảm khốc, kinh hoàng Such a war would be disastrous for the country. 32. domesticated /dəˈmestɪkeɪtɪd/: (a) (of animals or plants) brought under human control in order to provide food, power, or company: thuần hóa domesticated animals 33. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/: (a) in danger of being harmed, lost, unsuccessful, etc.: bị đe dọa Social workers who look after abused or endangered children often have stressful days at work. 34. extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/: (a) tuyệt chủng 35. genetically-modified /dʒəˈnetɪkli ‘mɒdɪfaɪd/: (a) a genetically modified plant or animal has had some of its genes changed scientifically: biến đổi gen genetically modified food/crops 36. introduced /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːst/: (a) được đưa vào, giới thiệu vào 37. native /ˈneɪtɪv/: (a) bản địa 38. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/: (a) tự nhiên 39. resistant /rɪˈzɪstənt/: (a) not wanting to accept something, especially changes or

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

new ideas: có sức đề kháng, chống cự lại Why are you so resistant to change? 40. semi-arid /ˈsemi ˈærɪd/: (a) nửa khô hạn 41. tropical /ˈtrɒpɪkl/: (a) nhiệt đới 42. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/: (a) able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked: dễ bị tổn thương, dễ bị hại Tourists are more vulnerable to attack, because they do not know which areas of the city to avoid. 43. wild /waɪld/: (a) hoang dã 44. adapt /əˈdæpt/: (v) to become familiar with a new situation: thích nghi To remain competitive the company has to be able to adapt to the changing marketplace. 45. combat /ˈkɒmbæt/: (v) to try to stop something unpleasant or harmful from happening or increasing: đánh nhau, chống lại The government is spending millions of dollars in its attempt to combat drug abuse. 46. cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/: (v) to prepare land and grow crops on it, or to grow a particular crop: trồng trọt, cày cấy The villagers cultivate mostly maize and beans. 47. eradicate /ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/: (v) to get rid of something completely or destroy something bad: diệt trừ, xóa bỏ The government claims to be doing all it can to eradicate corruption. 48. evolve /iˈvɒlv/: (v) tiến hóa 49. hibernate /ˈhaɪbəneɪt/: (v) ngủ đông

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

50. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/: (v) tha thứ, chịu đựng

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 10: REACHING FOR THE SKIES Space, the planets 1. asteroid /ˈæstərɔɪd/: (n) tiểu hành tinh 2. astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/: (n) phi hành gia 3. the atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə/: (n) the mixture of gases around the earth: bầu không khí, khí quyển These factories are releasing toxic gases into the atmosphere. 4. the cosmos /kɒzmɒs/: (n) the universe considered as a system with an order and pattern: vũ trụ 5. crater /ˈkreɪtə/: (n) miệng núi lửa, hố 6. debris /ˈdebriː/: (n) mảnh vỡ 7. earth /ɜːθ/: (n) Trái Đất 8. exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/: (n) sự thăm dò, thám hiểm 9. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə/: (n) người thăm dò, nhà thám hiểm 10. galaxy /ˈɡæləksi/: (n) ngân hà 11. gas /ɡæs/: (n) khí 12. gravity /ˈɡrævəti/: (n) the force that attracts objects towards one another, especially the force that makes things fall to the ground: trọng lực the laws of gravity 13. horizon /həˈraɪzn/: (n) the line at the farthest place that you can see, where the sky seems to touch the land or sea: đường chân trời The moon rose slowly above the horizon. 14. launch /lɔːntʃ/: (n) sự phóng lên

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

15. meteor /ˈmiːtiə/: (n) sao băng 16. moon /muːn/: (n) mặt trăng 17. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/: (n) đại dương 18. orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/: (n) quỹ đạo 19. outer space /ˈaʊtə speɪs/: (n) không gian bên ngoài vũ trụ 20. planet /ˈplænɪt/: (n) hành tinh 21. radiation /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/: (n) a form of energy that comes from a nuclear reaction and that can be very dangerous to health: phóng xạ Many servicemen suffered radiation sickness after the early atomic tests. energy from heat or light that you cannot see: bức xạ microwave/ultraviolet/electromagnetic radiation 22. rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/: (n) tên lửa 23. satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/: (n) vệ tinh 24. simulator /ˈsɪmjuleɪtə/: (n) thiết bị mô phỏng 25. solar system /ˈsəʊlə ˈsɪstəm/: (n) hệ mặt trời 26. space /speɪs/: (n) không gian 27. spacecraft /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/: (n) tàu không gian 28. space shuttle /speɪs ˈʃʌtl/: (n) tàu con thoi 29. space station /speɪs ˈsteɪʃn/: (n) trạm không gian 30. surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/: (n) bề mặt 31. universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/: (n) vũ trụ 32. weightlessness /ˈweɪtləsnəs/: (n) trạng khái không trọng lực

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

33. commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/: (a) (thuộc) thương mại 34. cosmic /ˈkɒzmɪk/: (a) (thuộc) vũ trụ 35. extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/: (a) khắc nghiệt, cực độ 36. gravitational /ˌɡrævɪˈteɪʃənl/: (a) (thuộc) trọng lực 37. horizontal /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntl/: (a) nằm ngang, ngang 38. inevitable / ɪnˈevɪtəbl/: (a) không thể tránh khỏi 39. lunar /ˈluːnə/: (a) (thuộc) mặt trăng, âm 40. meteoric /ˌmiːtiˈɒrɪk/: (a) (thuộc) sao băng, nhanh chóng 41. outer /ˈaʊtə/: (a) bên ngoài 42. solar /ˈsəʊlə/: (a) (thuộc) mặt trời, dương 43. terrestrial /təˈrestriəl/: (a) relating to the planet earth, or living or existing on the land rather than in the sea or air: (thuộc) Trái Đất, đất liền Newton investigated terrestrial and celestial motion. 44. toxic /ˈtɒksɪk/: (a) độc 45. uninhabitable /ˌʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbl/: (a) không thể ở được 46. universal /juːnɪˈvɜːsl/: (a) existing everywhere or involving everyone: (thuộc) vũ trụ, chung, phổ biến Food, like sex, is a subject of almost universal interest. 47. unmanned /ˌʌnˈmænd/: (a) used to refer to a spacecraft, or a place where military guards work, that has no people present to operate or be in charge of it: không có người an unmanned mission to the planet Mars 48. acclimatise /əˈklaɪmətaɪz/: (v) to (cause to) change to suit different conditions of

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

life, weather, etc.: thích nghi We found it impossible to acclimatize ourselves to the new working conditions. 49. colonise /ˈkɒlənaɪz/: (v) to send people to live in and govern another country: chiếm làm thuộc địa, định cư Peru was colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century. 50. explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/: (v) thám hiểm, thăm dò 51. float /fləʊt/: (v) lơ lửng 52. orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/: (v) to follow a curved path around a planet or star: quay quanh (theo quỹ đạo) On this mission the Shuttle will orbit (the Earth) at a height of several hundred miles. 53. propel /prəˈpel/: (v) to push or move something somewhere, often with a lot of force: đẩy The Kon-Tiki sailed across the Pacific Ocean propelled by wind power. 54. rotate /rəʊˈteɪt/: (v) to turn or cause something to turn in a circle, especially around a fixed point: quay The wheel rotates around an axle. 55. sustain /səˈsteɪn/: (v) to keep alive: duy trì (sự sống) The soil in this part of the world is not rich enough to sustain a large population. 56. simulate /ˈsɪmjuleɪt/: (v) to do or make something that looks real but is not real: mô phỏng The computer simulates (= represents) different road conditions for new drivers to practise on. 57. undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/: (v) trải qua

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 11: DESIGN AND INNOVATION Building, engineering 1. balcony /ˈbælkəni/: (n) ban công 2. brick /brɪk/: (n) gạch 3. building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/: (n) tòa nhà 4. ceiling /ˈsiːlɪŋ/: (n) trần nhà 5. concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/: (n) bê tông 6. construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/: (n) công trình (xây dựng) 7. cottage /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/: (n) nhà tranh, nhà nhỏ (ở nông thôn) 8. design /dɪˈzaɪn/: (n) thiết kế 9. device /dɪˈvaɪs/: (n) thiết bị 10. elevator /ˈelɪveɪtə(r)/: (n) thang máy 11. engineering /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/: (n) kỹ thuật 12. frame /freɪm/: (n) khung 13. gadget /ˈɡædʒɪt/: (n) a small device or machine with a particular purpose: thiết bị, công cụ cải tiến Have you seen this handy little gadget - it's for separating egg yolks from whites. 14. housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/: (n) buildings for people to live in: nhà ở There's a shortage of cheap housing in the region. 15. innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/: (n) a new idea or method, or the use of new ideas and methods: đổi mới [U] The recording industry is driven by constant innovation. [C] His latest innovation is a theater company that will perform for schools.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

16. invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/: (n) sự phát minh 17. landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/: (n) a building or place that is easily recognized, especially one that you can use to judge where you are: mốc, tòa nhà biểu tượng The Rock of Gibraltar is one of Europe's most famous landmarks. 18. lift shaft /lɪft ʃɑːft/: (n) trục nâng 19. occupant /ˈɒkjəpənt/: (n) người cư ngụ, người sử dụng 20. platform /ˈplætfɔːm/: (n) bệ, nền tảng, sân ga 21. quarry /ˈkwɒri/: (n) mỏ đá 22. residence /ˈrezɪdəns/: (n) a home: chỗ ở, sự cư trú the Governor's official residence 23. skyscraper/ˈskaɪskreɪpə(r)/: (n) tòa nhà chọc trời 24. staircase /ˈsteəkeɪs/: (n) cầu thang 25. steel /stiːl/: (n) thép 26. storage /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/: (n) sự cất giữ, kho chứa 27. structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/: (n) cấu trúc 28. tension /ˈtenʃn/: (n) sức căng 29. timber /ˈtɪmbə(r)/: (n) trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building: gỗ xây dựng These trees are being grown for timber. 30. airy /ˈeəri/: (a) thoáng 31. conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/: (a) truyền thống, cổ truyền, thường thấy 32. cosy /ˈkəʊzi/: (a) thoải mái, ấm cúng

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

33. cramped /kræmpt/: (a) chật chội 34. curved /kɜːvd/: (a) cong 35. disposable /dɪˈspəʊzəbl/: (a) dùng một lần rồi bỏ 36. domestic /dəˈmestɪk/: (a) nội địa 37. exterior /ɪkˈstɪəriə(r)/: (a) on or from the outside: bên ngoài, mặt ngoài In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink. 38. functional /ˈfʌŋkʃənl/: (a) designed to be practical and useful rather than attractive: hữu dụng functional clothing 39. futuristic /ˌfjuːtʃəˈrɪstɪk/: (a) strange and very modern, or intended or seeming to come from some imagined time in the future: (thuộc) tương lai A futuristic car was on display at the auto show. 40. high-rise /haɪ raɪz/: (n) (a) nhà cao tầng, nhà chọc trời 41. innovative /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/: (a) mang tính đổi mới 42. internal /ɪnˈtɜːnl/: (a) inside an object or building: bên trong An internal wall has been removed. 43. mass-produced /mæs prəˈdjuːst/: (a) được sản xuất hàng loạt 44. modern /ˈmɒdn/: (a) hiện đại 45. multi-storey /ˈmʌlti ˈstɔːri/: (a) nhiều tầng 46. old-fashioned /əʊld ˈfæʃnd/: (a) cũ, cổ hủ, lạc hậu, lỗi thời 47. ornate /ɔːˈneɪt/: (a) having a lot of complicated decoration: hoa mỹ, trang trí công phu a room with an ornate ceiling and gold mirrors

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

48. prefabricated /ˌpriːˈfæbrɪkeɪtɪd/: (a) prefabricated buildings or objects are built from parts that have been made in a factory and can be put together quickly: sản xuất sẵn, đúc sẵn, làm sẵn a prefabricated house 49. single-storey /ˈsɪŋɡl ˈstɔːri/: (a) một tầng 50. spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/: (a) rộng rãi 51. state-of-the-art: (a) tiên tiến, mới nhất 52. traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/: (a) truyền thống 53. two-storey /tuː ˈstɔːri/: (a) hai tầng 54. typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/: (a) showing all the characteristics that you would usually expect from a particular group of things: điển hình I must look like the typical tourist with my shorts and my camera. 55. ultra-modern /ˈʌltrə ˈmɒdn/: (a) hết sức hiện đại 56. activate /ˈæktɪveɪt/: (v) kích hoạt 57. automate /ˈɔːtəmeɪt/: (v) tự động hóa 58. build /bɪld/: (v) xây 59. condemn /kənˈdem/: (v) to decide officially that a building is not safe for people to use: thông báo, cảnh báo nguy hiểm 60. construct /kənˈstrʌkt/: (v) xây 61. decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/: (v) trang trí 62. demolish /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/: (v) phá hủy, đánh đổ 63. design /dɪˈzaɪn/: (v) thiết kế 64. develop /dɪˈveləp/: (v) phát triển

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

65. devise /dɪˈvaɪz/: (v) to invent a plan, system, object, etc., usually using your intelligence or imagination: nghĩ ra, phát minh He's good at devising language games that you can play with students in class. 66. haul /hɔːl/: (v) kéo (mạnh) 67. hoist /hɔɪst/: (v) kéo lên, nhấc lên 68. invent /ɪnˈvent/: (v) phát minh 69. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/: (v) duy trì 70. occupy /ˈɒkjupaɪ/: (v) cư ngụ, chiếm, ở 71. reconstruct /ˌriːkənˈstrʌkt/: (v) dựng lại 72. renovate / ˈrenəveɪt/: (v) to repair and improve something, especially a building: phục hồi, sửa chữa lại He renovates old houses and sells them at a profit. 73. support /səˈpɔːt/: (v) ủng hộ 74. trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/: (v) to cause something to start: kích hoạt Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 12: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Telecommunications, computers and technology 1. automatic pilot /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk ˈpaɪlət/: chế độ bay tự động 2. computerisation /kəmˌpjuːtəraɪˈzeɪʃn/: (n) the process of starting to use a computer to do something that was done by people or other machines before: sự vi tính hóa, điện toán hóa Computerization is slowly but surely taking hold of every aspect of business. 3. connection /kəˈnekʃn/: (n) sự kết nối 4. data /ˈdeɪtə/: (n) dữ liệu 5. device /dɪˈvaɪs/: (n) thiết bị 6. function /ˈfʌŋkʃn/: (n) chức năng 7. gadget /ˈɡædʒɪt/: (n) thiết bị 8. the Internet: mạng toàn cầu 9. keyboard /ˈkiːbɔːd/: (n) bàn phím 10. keypad /ˈkiːpæd/: (n) bàn phím, bộ phím bấm 11. laptop (computer) /ˈlæptɒp/: (n) máy tính xách tay 12. latest: (a) mới nhất 13. memory /ˈmeməri/: (n) bộ nhớ 14. monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/: (n) màn hình 15. patent /ˈpætnt/: (n) the official legal right to make or sell an invention for a particular number of years: bằng sáng chế The company filed a patent on a genetically engineered tomato. 16. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/: (n) chương trình

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

17. prototype /ˈprəʊtətaɪp/: (n) the first example of something, such as a machine or other industrial product, from which all later forms are developed: nguyên mẫu, vật đầu tiên a prototype for/of a new car 18. remote control /rɪˈməʊt kənˈtrəʊl/: điều khiển từ xa 19. silicon chip /ˈsɪlɪkən tʃɪp/: (n) chíp (silicon) 20. technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/: (n) công nghệ, kỹ thuật 21. telecommunications /ˌtelikəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃnz/: (n) công nghệ viễn thông, ngành viễn thông 22. vision /ˈvɪʒn/: (n) tầm nhìn the ability to imagine how a country, society, industry, etc. could develop in the future and to plan for this: He didn't have the mental agility or vision required for a senior politician. the ability to see: She has very little vision in her left eye. 23. wireless connection /ˈwaɪələs /kəˈnekʃn/: kết nối không dây 24. compact /kəmˈpækt/: (a) consisting of parts that are positioned together closely or in a tidy way, using very little space: nhỏ gọn, nén What a compact office! How did you fit so much into so little space? 25. computerised /kəmˈpjuːtəraɪzd/: (a) được vi tính hóa, điện toán hóa 26. cutting-edge /ˈkʌtɪŋ edʒ/: (a) tiên tiến nhất 27. cyber /ˈsaɪbə(r)/: (a) (thuộc) mạng internet 28. dated /ˈdeɪtɪd/: (a) old-fashioned: lỗi thời

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

Spy thrillers with plots based on the Cold War look particularly dated nowadays. 29. digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/: (a) (thuộc) số 30. labour-saving /ˈleɪbə(r) ˈseɪvɪŋ/: (a) tiết kiệm sức lao động 31. portable /ˈpɔːtəbl/: (a) có thể mang theo, di chuyển được 32. state-of-the-art: (a) tiên tiến nhất, hiện đại nhất 33. up-to-date: (a) hiện đại, cập nhật 34. user-friendly /ˈjuːzə(r) ˈfrendli/: (a) thân thiện với người sử dụng 35. virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/: (a) ảo 36. access /ˈækses/: (v) (n) truy cập 37. connect /kəˈnekt/: (v) kết nối 38. download /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/: (v) tải về 39. display /dɪˈspleɪ/: (v) hiển thị 40. envisage /ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ/: (v) to imagine or expect something in the future, especially something good: nhìn trước, vạch trước Train fare increases of 15 percent are envisaged for the next year. 41. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/: (v) vận hành 42. revolutionise /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/: (v) to completely change something so that it is much better: cách mạng hóa Newton's discoveries revolutionized physics. 43. scroll /skrəʊl/: (v) kéo, cuộn 44. speculate /ˈspekjuleɪt/: (v) to guess possible answers to a question when you do not have enough information to be certain: phỏng đoán A spokesperson declined to speculate on the cause of the train crash.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

Journalists are speculating about whether interest rates will be cut. 45. store /stɔː(r)/: (v) lưu trữ, tích trữ 46. surpass /səˈpɑːs/: (v) to do or be better than: vượt trội, vượt qua His time for the 100 metres surpassed the previous world record by one hundredth of a second. 47. automatically /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/: (adv) tự động

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 13: THE MODERN WORLD Globalization, changing attitudes and trends 1. attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/: (n) thái độ 2. brand /brænd/: (n) a type of product made by a particular company: nhãn, hiệu This isn't my usual brand of deodorant. 3. culture /ˈkʌltʃə/: (n) văn hóa 4. cycle /ˈsaɪkl/: (n) chu kỳ 5. demographic /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪk/: (n) a group of people, for example customers, who are similar in age, social class, etc.: nhóm đối tượng This demographic is the fastest-growing age group using the site. 6. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/: (n) sự phát triển 7. diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/: (n) sự đa dạng 8. globalization /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/: (n) sự toàn cầu hóa 9. hindsight /ˈhaɪndsaɪt/: (n) the ability to understand an event or situation only after it has happened: nhận thức (sau khi việc gì đã xảy ra) With (the benefit/wisdom of) hindsight, I should have taken the job. In hindsight, it would have been better to wait. 10. icon /ˈaɪkɒn/: (n) biểu tượng 11. identity /aɪˈdentəti/: (n) đặc tính, nhân dạng 12. implication /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/: (n) the effect that an action or decision will have on something else in the future: ảnh hưởng The company is cutting back its spending and I wonder what the implications will be for our department.

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

13. impact /ˈɪmpækt/: (n) a powerful effect that something, especially something new, has on a situation or person: ảnh hưởng The anti-smoking campaign had had quite an impact on young people. 14. increase /ˈɪnkriːs/: (n) a rise in the amount or size of something: tăng Any increase in production would be helpful. 15. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/: (n) the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this: ảnh hưởng Helen's a bad/good influence on him. Christopher hoped to exert his influence to make them change their minds. At the time she was under the influence of her father. 16. industry /ˈɪndəstri/: (n) công nghiệp 17. isolation /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn/: (n) sự cách ly 18. joint venture: (n) liên doanh 19. (have a) monopoly /məˈnɒpəli/: (an organization or group that has) complete control of something, especially an area of business, so that others have no share: độc quyền He does not have a/the monopoly on good looks. 20. market /ˈmɑːkɪt/: (n) thị trường 21. modernization /ˌmɒdənaɪˈzeɪʃn/: (n) hiện đại hóa 22. multiculturalism /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəlɪzəm/: (n) chủ nghĩa đa văn hóa 23. percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/: (n) tỷ lệ phần trăm 24. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/: (n) dân số 25. prediction /prɪˈdɪkʃn/: (n) a statement about what you think will happen in the

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

future: dự đoán Please don't ask me to make any predictions about tomorrow's meeting. 26. projection /prəˈdʒekʃn/: (n) a calculation or guess about the future based on information that you have: dự báo The company has failed to achieve last year's sales projections by 30 percent. 27. proportion /prəˈpɔːʃn/: (n) the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole: tỉ lệ Children make up a large proportion of the world's population. 28. rate /reɪt/: (n) tỉ lệ, tốc độ 29. statistics /stəˈtɪstɪks/: (n) a collection of numerical facts or measurements, as about people, business conditions, or weather: số liệu thống kê The statistics show that, in general, women live longer than men. 30. trend /trend/: (n) xu hướng 31. aging /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/: (a) lão hóa, già đi 32. current /ˈkʌrənt/: (a) hiện tại, hiện hành 33. demographics /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪks/: (n) the number and characteristics of people who live in a particular area or form a particular group, especially in relation to their age, how much money they have and what they spend it on: số liệu thống kê dân số No one has exact demographics on (= information about the quantity and characteristics of the people who live in) the area. 34. elderly /ˈeldəli/: (a) già 35. ethnic /ˈeθnɪk/: (a) relating to a particular race of people: thuộc dân tộc, tộc

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người Conflicts between the different ethnic groups in the country exploded into civil war. 36. exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/: (a) unusual and specially interesting because of coming from a country that is far away: ngoại, ở nước ngoài đưa vào, kỳ lạ exotic pets like snakes and tropical birds 37. global /ˈɡləʊbl/: (a) toàn cầu 38. local /ˈləʊkl/: (a) địa phương 39. long-term /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/: (a) dài hạn 40. mid-term /ˌmɪdˈtɜːm/: (a) trung hạn 41. multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/: (a) đa văn hóa 42. productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/: (a) resulting in or providing a large amount or supply of something: có hiệu suất, có năng suất He had an amazingly productive five years in which he managed to write four novels. 43. sceptical /ˈskeptɪkl/: (a) doubting that something is true or useful: hoài nghi Many experts remain sceptical about/of his claims. 44. short-term /ʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/: (a) ngắn hạn 45. subsequent /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/: (a) xảy ra sau (cái gì đó) 46. wealthy /'welθi /: (a) giàu có, thịnh vượng 47. worldwide /ˈwɜːldwaɪd/: (a) toàn thế giới 48. compound /kɒmˈpaʊnd/: (v) to make a problem or difficult situation worse: làm tồi tệ hơn His financial problems were compounded when he unexpectedly lost his job. 49. contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/: (v) to give something, especially money, in order to

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provide or achieve something together with other people: góp phần vào, đóng góp vào Her family has contributed $50,000 to the fund. 50. decline /dɪˈklaɪn/: (v) giảm 51. diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/: (v) giảm 52. dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/: (v) thống trị 53. dwindle /ˈdwɪndl/: (v) giảm 54. indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/: (v) chỉ ra, là dấu hiệu 55. merge /mɜːdʒ/: (v) sát nhập 56. migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/: (v) if people migrate, they travel in large numbers to a new place to live temporarily: di cư Mexican farm workers migrate into the US each year to find work at harvest time.

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UNIT 14: URBANISATION Problems and solutions, big city life 1. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/: (n) lợi ích 2. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/: (n) thử thách 3. compromise /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/: (n) an agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree: sự thỏa hiệp It is hoped that a compromise will be reached in today's talks. The government has said that there will be no compromise with terrorists. 4. difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/: (n) the fact of not being easy to do or understand: khó khăn She had great difficulty finding a job. People with asthma have difficulty in breathing. 5. dilemma /dɪˈlemə/: (n) a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two different things you could do: hình huống khó, tiến thoái lưỡng nan The president is clearly in a dilemma about/over how to tackle the crisis. She faces the dilemma of disobeying her father or losing the man she loves. 6. inhabitant /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/: (n) cư dân 7. infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/: (n) the basic systems and services, such as transport and power supplies, that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively: cơ sở hạ tầng

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The war has badly damaged the country's infrastructure. 8. isolation /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn/: (n) sự cách li, cô lập 9. issue /ˈɪʃuː/: (n) a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about: vấn đề As employers we need to be seen to be addressing these issues sympathetically. 10. megacity /ˈmeɡəsɪti/: (n) siêu đô thị 11. migrant /ˈmaɪɡrənt/: (n) người di cư 12. obstacle /ˈɒbstəkl/: (n) chướng ngại vật 13. overpopulation /ˌəʊvəˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/: (n) bùng nổ dân số 14. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/: (n) dân số 15. poverty /ˈpɒvəti/: (n) the condition of being extremely poor: cái nghèo Some 80% of Haitians live in poverty, and few have proper jobs. 16. resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/: (n) cách giải quyết 17. setback /ˈsetbæk/: (n) sự giảm sút, vấn đề trở ngại 18. slum /slʌm/: (n) nhà ổ chuột 19. solution /səˈluːʃn/: (n) giải pháp 20. tolerance /ˈtɒlərəns/: (n) lòng khoan dung, sự chịu đựng 21. traffic /ˈtræfɪk/: (n) giao thông 22. urbanization /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/: (n) đô thị hóa 23. adequate /ˈædɪkwət/: (a) đủ, đầy đủ 24. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/: (a) cơ bản 25. booming /ˈbuːmɪŋ/: (a) bùng nổ 26. catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/: (a) causing sudden and very great harm or destruction: thảm họa, thảm khốc

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An unchecked increase in the use of fossil fuels could have catastrophic results for the planet. 27. crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/: (a) đông 28. decent /ˈdiːsnt/: (a) socially acceptable or good: đàng hoàng, tươm tất Everyone should be entitled to a decent standard of living. I thought he was a decent person. 29. developing /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/: (a) đang phát triển 30. double-edged /dʌbl ˈedʒ/: (a) hai lưỡi (nghĩa đen + bóng) 31. isolated /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/: (a) bị cách ly 32. one-sided /wʌn ˈsaɪdɪd/: (a) một chiều, phiến diện 33. long-sighted /lɒŋˈsaɪtɪd/: (a) viễn thị, nhìn xa 34. long-term /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/: (a) dài hạn 35. overpriced /ˌəʊvəˈpraɪst/: (a) quá đắt 36. overworked /ˌəʊvəˈwɜːkt/: (a) làm việc quá nhiều, quá sức 37. pressing /ˈpresɪŋ/: (a) urgent or needing to be dealt with immediately: cấp bách a pressing need for housing The most pressing question is what do we do next? 38. rural /ˈrʊərəl/: (a) hẻo lánh, thôn dã 39. short-sighted /ʃɔːtˈsaɪtɪd/: (a) cận thị, thiển cận 40. short-term /ˌʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/: (a) ngắn hạn 41. staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/: (a) very shocking and surprising: kinh ngạc It costs a staggering $50,000 per week to keep the museum open to the public.

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42. tolerant /ˈtɒlərənt/: (a) khoan dung, chịu đựng 43. address /əˈdres/: (v) to give attention to or deal with a matter or problem: giải quyết The issue of funding has yet to be addressed. 44. deal with: (v) to take action in order to achieve something or in order to solve a problem: giải quyết, đối mặt How do you intend to deal with this problem? 45. tackle /ˈtækl/: (v) to try to deal with something or someone: giải quyết, khắc phục There are many ways of tackling this problem. 46. adjust /əˈdʒʌst/: (v) điều chỉnh 47. aggravate /ˈæɡrəveɪt/: (v) to make a bad situation worse: làm trầm trọng hơn, tệ hơn Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion. 48. cause /kɔːz/: (v) gây ra 49. complete /kəmˈpliːt/: (v) hoàn thành 50. compound /kɒmˈpaʊnd/: (v) làm trầm trọng hơn, tệ hơn 51. deteriorate /dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/: (v) suy giảm, xấu đi 52. enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/: (v) to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something: tăng cường, mở rộng These scandals will not enhance the organization's reputation.

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53. exacerbate /ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt/: (v) to make something that is already bad even worse: làm tăng, làm trầm trọng This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities. 54. exclude /ɪkˈskluːd/: (v) loại trừ 55. face /feɪs/: (v) if you face a problem, or a problem faces you, you have to deal with it: đối mặt Passengers could face long delays. You're faced with a very difficult choice there. 56. flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/: (v) hưng thịnh, phát triển 57. identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/: (v) nhận ra, nhận diện 58. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/: (v) cải thiện 59. include /ɪnˈkluːd/: (v) bao gồm, gộp vào 60. linger /ˈlɪŋɡə(r)/: (v) to take a long time to leave or disappear: kéo dài, nấn ná After the play had finished, we lingered for a while in the bar hoping to catch sight of the actors. 61. modify /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/: (v) thay đổi, sửa đổi 62. overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/: (v) vượt qua 63. present /priˈzent/: (v) đưa ra, phô ra 64. raise /reɪz/: (v) giơ lên 65. reform /rɪˈfɔːm/: (v) cải cách, sửa đổi 66. regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/: (v) điều chỉnh, điều tiết, quy định 67. remedy /ˈremədi/: (v) cải thiện

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68. remedy a situation: cải thiện tình hình 69. resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/: (v) to solve or end a problem or difficulty: giải quyết Have you resolved the problem of transport yet? 70. resolve an issue: giải quyết một vấn đề 71. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/: (v) tha thứ, chịu đựng 72. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/: (v) thay đổi, biến đổi 73. worsen /ˈwɜːsn/: (v) trở nên tệ hơn, xấu hơn 74. find a solution: tìm giải pháp 75. overcome a difficulty: vượt qua khó khăn 76. reach/find a compromise: đạt được thỏa hiệp

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UNIT 15: THE GREEN REVOLUTION The environment, climate change and pollution 1. acid rain /ˌæsɪd ˈreɪn/: (n) mưa axít 2. biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/: (n) đa dạng sinh học 3. climate change: (n) biến đổi khí hậu 4. contamination /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃn/: (n) sự ô nhiễm 5. deforestation /ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃn/: (n) nạn phá rừng 6. disposal /dɪˈspəʊzl/: (n) the act of getting rid of something, especially by throwing it away: sự vứt bỏ waste disposal the disposal of hazardous substances 7. drought /draʊt/: (n) hạn hán 8. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/: (n) all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment: hệ sinh thái Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ecosystem. 9. emission /iˈmɪʃn/: (n) khí thải, sự thải ra [U] the act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc.: sự thải ra Bioluminescence is the emission of light from living organisms. [C usually plural] an amount of a substance that is produced and sent out into the air that is harmful to the environment, especially carbon dioxide: khí thải These health risks are caused by vehicle emissions. 10. the environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/: (n) môi trường 11. erosion /ɪˈrəʊʒn/: (n) sự xói mòn

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12. exhaust (fumes) /ɪɡˈzɔːst/: (n) the waste gas from an engine, especially a car's, or the pipe the gas flows through: khí thải Car exhaust is the main reason for the city's pollution. 13. fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/: (n) phân bón 14. flood /flʌd/: (n) lũ lụt 15. food chain /fuːd tʃeɪn/: (n) a series of living things that are connected because each group of things eats the group below it in the chain: chuỗi thức ăn 16. greenhouse gases: (n) khí nhà kính 17. impact /ˈɪmpækt/: (n) ảnh hưởng 18. pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/: (n) chất gây ô nhiễm 19. pollution /pəˈluːʃn/: (n) sự ô nhiễm 20. process /ˈprəʊses/: (n) tiến trình 21. refuse /ˈrefjuːs/: (n) rác 22. strain /streɪn/: (n) sự căng, quá tải 23. threat /θret/: (n) a suggestion that something unpleasant or violent will happen, especially if a particular action or order is not followed: mối đe dọa The threat of jail failed to deter him from petty crime. Drunken drivers pose a serious threat to other road users. 24. waste /weɪst/: (n) rác thải 25. achievable /əˈtʃiːvəbl/: (a) có thể đạt được 26. advantageous /ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/: (a) thuận lợi, có lợi 27. at risk /æt rɪsk/: in a dangerous situation: có nguy cơ All houses within 100 metres of the seas are at risk of flooding.

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28. beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/: (a) helpful, useful, or good: có lợi ích A stay in the country will be beneficial to his health. 29. chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/: (a) (especially of a disease or something bad) continuing for a long time: kinh niên, kéo dài chronic diseases/conditions There is a chronic shortage of teachers. 30. conceivable /kənˈsiːvəbl/: (a) possible to imagine or to believe: có thể hiểu được, nhận thức được It's just conceivable (that) the hospital made a mistake. 31. contaminated /kənˈtæmɪneɪtɪd/: (a) bị nhiễm bẩn 32. devastating /ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/: (a) tàn phá, phá hủy 33. doubtful /ˈdaʊtfl/: (a) nghi ngờ, đáng ngờ If you are doubtful about something, you are uncertain about it: nghi ngờ The teacher is doubtful about having parents working as classroom assistants. If a situation is doubtful, it is unlikely to happen or to be successful: đáng ngờ It was doubtful that the money would ever be found again. 34. environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/: (a) thuộc về môi trường 35. environmentally friendly: (a) thân thiện với môi trường 36. feasible /ˈfiːzəbl/: (a) able to be made, done, or achieved: khả thi, thực hiện được With the extra resources, the project now seems feasible. 37. fruitless /ˈfruːtləs/: (a) không có kết quả 38. futile /ˈfjuːtaɪl/: (a) (of actions) having no effect or achieving nothing: vô ích,

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không hiệu quả It's completely futile trying to reason with him - he just won't listen. 39. immune /ɪˈmjuːn/: (a) protected against a particular disease by particular substances in the blood: miễn nhiễm, miễn dịch He seems to be immune to colds - he just never gets them. 40. impracticable /ɪmˈpræktɪkəbl/: (a) không thể thực hiện được 41. improbable /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/: (a) không chắc sẽ xảy ra, đâu đâu 42. danger (of): the possibility that something bad will happen: nguy hiểm, nguy cơ If he carries on like this, he's in danger of losing his job. 43. insoluble /ɪnˈsɒljəbl/: (a) không giải quyết được 44. irreparable /ɪˈrepərəbl/: (a) không thể sửa chữa được 45. irreplaceable /ˌɪrɪˈpleɪsəbl/: (a) không thể thay thế được. 46. irreversible /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːsəbl/: (a) không thể đảo ngược 47. liable /ˈlaɪəbl/: (a) having (legal) responsibility for something or someone: có trách nhiệm, bổn phận The law holds parents liable if a child does not attend school. If we lose the case, we may be liable for (= have to pay) the costs of the whole trial. 48. life-threatening /ˈlaɪf θretnɪŋ/: (a) đe dọa cuộc sống 49. pervasive /pəˈveɪsɪv/: (a) phổ biến, lan rộng 50. pointless /ˈpɔɪntləs/: (a) vô nghĩa, vô dụng 51. pristine /ˈprɪstiːn/: (a) ban sơ, nguyên thủy 52. questionable /ˈkwestʃənəbl/: (a) đáng ngờ, có vấn đề 53. recyclable /ˌriːˈsaɪkləbl/: (a) có thể phục hồi, tái chế

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54. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/: (a) causing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time: bền vững A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable development in all countries. 55. taxing /ˈtæksɪŋ/: (a) difficult or needing a lot of thought or effort: đầy thử thách I just need an entertaining read for the beach - nothing too taxing. 56. unattainable /ˌʌnəˈteɪnəbl/: (a) không thể đạt được 57. unlikely /ʌnˈlaɪkli/: (a) không thể xảy ra 58. unprecedented /ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/: (a) chưa từng xảy ra, chưa có tiền lệ 59. useless /ˈjuːsləs/: (a) vô dụng, vô ích 60. viable /ˈvaɪəbl/: (a) able to work as intended or able to succeed: khả thi I am afraid your plan is not financially viable. 61. vital /ˈvaɪtl/: (a) necessary for the success or continued existence of something; extremely important: thiết yếu, quan trọng, sống còn A strong opposition is vital to a healthy democracy. 62. worthwhile /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/: (a) đáng giá, đáng bỏ công 63. confront /kənˈfrʌnt/: (v) to face, meet, or deal with a difficult situation or person: đối mặt It's an issue we'll have to confront at some point, no matter how unpleasant it is. I thought I would stay calm, but when I was confronted with/by the TV camera, I got very nervous. 64. contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/: (v) nhiễm bẩn 65. dispose of: (v) to get rid of someone or something or deal with something so

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that the matter is finished: loại bỏ How did they dispose of the body? It took only five minutes for the world champion to dispose of (= defeat) his opponent. 66. dump /dʌmp/: (v) to get rid of something unwanted, especially by leaving it in a place where it is not allowed to be: vứt bỏ The tax was so unpopular that the government decided to dump it. Toxic chemicals continue to be dumped into the river. 67. threaten /ˈθretn/: (v) đe dọa 68. inexorably /ɪnˈeksərəbli/: (adv) không thể lay chuyển, chắc chắn 69. inevitably /ɪnˈevɪtəbli/: (adv) không thể tránh khỏi

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UNIT 16: THE ENERGY CRISIS Natural resources, alternative fuels 1. atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/: (n) khí quyển, không khí 2. balance /ˈbæləns/: (n) a state where things are of equal weight or force: sự cân bằng She had to hold onto the railings to keep her balance (= to stop herself from falling). We must strike a balance between reckless spending and penny-pinching. 3. biofuel /ˈbaɪəʊfjuːəl/: (n) nhiên liệu sinh học 4. carbon dioxide /ˈkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/: CO2 5. crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/: (n) khủng hoảng 6. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/: (n) điện 7. emission /iˈmɪʃn/: (n) khí thải (count.) 8. exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔːst/: (n) khí thải 9. fossil fuel /ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəl/: (n) nhiên liệu hóa thạch 10. fuel /ˈfjuːəl/: (n) nhiên liệu 11. fumes /fjuːmz/: (n) khí thải, khói (plural) 12. gas /ɡæs/: (n) khí 13. greenhouse gas /ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɡæs/: khí nhà kính 14. hydrid /ˈhaɪbrɪd/: (a) (n) lai, hỗn hợp 15. hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/: (n) khí hi-đrô 16. petrol /ˈpetrəl/: (n) xăng dầu 17. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/: (n) tài nguyên 18. turbine /ˈtɜːbaɪn/: (n) tua bin

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19. vehicle /ˈviːəkl/: (n) xe cộ 20. alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/: (a) thay thế 21. critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/: (a) quan trọng, nguy cấp 22. disposable /dɪˈspəʊzəbl/: (a) dùng 1 lần 23. drastic /ˈdræstɪk/: (a) (especially of actions) severe and sudden or having very noticeable effects: quyết liệt Many employees have had to take drastic cuts in pay. 24. eco-friendly /ˈiːkəʊ frendli/: (a) thân thiện với môi trường 25. efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/: (a) working or operating in a way that gets the results you want without any waste: hiệu quả They are developing a more fuel-efficient car to save gas. 26. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/: (a) successful or achieving the results that you want: có hiệu quả, có kết quả It's an extremely effective cure for a headache. 27. environmentally friendly: (a) thân thiện với môi trường 28. nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/: (a) hạt nhân 29. rechargeable /ˌriːˈtʃɑːdʒəbl/: (a) có thể nạp lại 30. renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/: (a) có thể tái tạo 31. solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/: (a) (thuộc) mặt trời 32. unleaded (petrol) /ˌʌnˈledɪd/: (a) (xăng) không pha chì 33. absorb /əbˈzɔːb/: (v) hấp thụ 34. conserve /kənˈsɜːv/: (v) bảo tồn, giữ gìn 35. consume /kənˈsjuːm/: (v) tiêu thụ

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36. convert /kənˈvɜːt/: (v) to (cause something or someone to) change in form or character: chuyển đổi Could we convert the small bedroom into a second bathroom? 37. counter /ˈkaʊntə(r)/: (v) to react to something with an opposing opinion or action, or to defend yourself against something: đối lại, chống lại Extra police have been moved into the area to counter the risk of violence. 38. deplete /dɪˈpliːt/: (v) to reduce something in size or amount, especially supplies of energy, money, etc.: dùng hết, cạn kiệt If we continue to deplete the earth's natural resources, we will cause serious damage to the environment. The illness depletes the body of important vitamins. 39. diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/: (v) giảm, thu nhỏ 40. discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/: (v) to send out a substance, especially waste liquid or gas: thải ra Large amounts of dangerous waste are discharged into the river daily by the factory. 41. dwindle /ˈdwɪndl/: (v) nhỏ đi, co lại 42. emit /iˈmɪt/: (v) thải ra 43. expend /ɪkˈspend/: (v) to use or spend time, effort, or money: tiêu, dùng, dùng hết You expend so much effort for so little return. Governments expend a lot of resources on war. 44. limit /ˈlɪmɪt/: (v) giới hạn 45. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/: (v) duy trì

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46. outweigh /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/: (v) nhiều hơn 47. reserve /rɪˈzɜːv/: (v) đặt trước 48. retain /rɪˈteɪn/: (v) to keep or continue to have something: giữ, tiếp tục She has lost her battle to retain control of the company. 49. waste /weɪst/: (v) lãng phí

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UNIT 17: TALKING BUSINESS Employment, management and marketing 1. advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/: (n) a picture, short film, song, etc. that tries to persuade people to buy a product or service, or a piece of text that tells people about a job, etc.: bài quảng cáo She scanned the job advertisements in the paper. 2. advertising /ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ/: (n) the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services: (ngành) quảng cáo Fiona works in advertising. 3. boss /bɒs/: (n) ông chủ 4. campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/: (n) chiến dịch 5. candidate /ˈkændɪdeɪt/: (n) ứng viên 6. career /kəˈrɪə(r)/: (n) sự nghiệp 7. clerk /klɑːk/: (n) thư ký 8. client /ˈklaɪənt/: (n) khách hàng 9. colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/: (n) đồng nghiệp 10. company /ˈkʌmpəni/: (n) công ty 11. consumer /kənˈsjuːmə(r)/: (n) người tiêu dùng 12. credibility /ˌkredəˈbɪləti/: (n) the fact that someone can be believed or trusted: sự tín nhiệm He complained that we had tried to undermine his credibility within the company. 13. customer /ˈkʌstəmə(r)/: (n) khách hàng 14. earnings /ˈɜːnɪŋz/: (n) (plural) the amount of money that someone is paid for

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working: thu nhập Average earnings for skilled workers are rising. 15. employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/: (n) nhân viên 16. employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/: (n) chủ 17. employment /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/: (n) việc làm 18. experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/: (n) kinh nghiệm 19. goods /ɡʊdz/: (n) (plural) items for sale, or possessions that can be moved: hàng hóa They sell leather goods such as wallets, purses, and briefcases. 20. income /ˈɪnkʌm/: (n) thu nhập 21. industry /ˈɪndəstri/: (n) công nghiệp 22. interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/: (n) buổi phỏng vấn 23. job /dʒɒb/: (n) công việc, nghề nghiệp 24. job satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/: mức độ hài lòng với công việc 25. labourer /ˈleɪbərə(r)/: (n) người lao động 26. management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/: (n) việc quản lý 27. manual work /ˈmænjuəl wɜːk/: công việc tay chân 28. market /ˈmɑːkɪt/: (n) thị trường 29. marketing /ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ/: (n) tiếp thị 30. meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/: (n) họp 31. money /ˈmʌni/: (n) tiền 32. niche /niːʃ/: (n) an opportunity for a business to offer a product or service that is not offered by other businesses: (thị trường) ngách, thị trường riêng cho

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một loại hàng hóa There is a niche in the market for this kind of product. The company has carved a niche for itself in the watch-making business. 33. occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/: (n) nghề nghiệp 34. office /ˈɒfɪs/: (n) văn phòng 35. overtime /ˈəʊvətaɪm/: (n) (adv) tăng ca 36. packaging /ˈpækɪdʒɪŋ/: (n) the materials in which objects are wrapped before being sold: bao bì, gói All our packaging is biodegradable. 37. pay /peɪ/: (n) lương 38. perk /pɜːk/: (n) an advantage or something extra, such as money or goods, that you are given because of your job: bổng lộc, tiền thù lao thêm A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job. 39. product: (n) sản phẩm 40. profession /prəˈfeʃn/: (n) any type of work that needs special training or a particular skill, often one that is respected because it involves a high level of education: nghề nghiệp (chuyên môn cao) He left the teaching profession in 1965 to start his own business. 41. prospect /ˈprɒspekt/: (n) the possibility that something good might happen in the future: cơ hội thành công, triển vọng Is there any prospect of the weather improving? 42. qualification /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/: (n) an official record showing that you have finished a training course or have the necessary skills, etc.: bằng cấp

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You'll never get a good job if you don't have any qualifications. 43. retirement /rɪˈtaɪəmənt/: (n) sự về hưu 44. salary /ˈsæləri/: (n) lương 45. share /ʃeə(r)/: (n) cổ phiểu 46. shift work /ʃɪft wɜːk/: việc làm theo ca 47. skill /skɪl/: (n) kỹ năng 48. staff /stɑːf/: (n) (khối) the group of people who work for an organization: nhân viên The staff are not very happy about the latest pay increase. 49. supervisor /ˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r)/: (n) giám sát viên 50. takeover /ˈteɪkəʊvə(r)/: (n) a situation in which a company gets control of another company by buying enough of its shares: sự thôn tính, thâu tóm They were involved in a takeover last year. 51. target /ˈtɑːɡɪt/: (n) mục tiêu 52. trade /treɪd/: (n) thương mại 53. trend /trend/: (n) xu hướng 54. unemployment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/: (n) thất nghiệp 55. wages /weɪdʒi:z/: (n) (pl) the money earned by an employee, esp. when paid for the hours worked: lương He was notorious for being anti-union and for paying low wages. 56. workforce /ˈwɜːkfɔːs/: (n) lực lượng lao động 57. workplace /ˈwɜːkpleɪs/: (n) nơi làm việc 58. casual /ˈkæʒuəl/: (a) bình thường, thất thường, lúc có lúc không

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59. demanding /dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/: (a) đòi hỏi, khắt khe 60. economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/: (a) relating to trade, industry, and money: (thuộc) kinh tế The country has been in a very poor economic state ever since the decline of its two major industries. 61. economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/: (a) not using a lot of fuel, money, etc.: tiết kiệm There's increasing demand for cars that are more economical on fuel. 62. exhausting /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪŋ/: (a) kiệt sức, mệt mỏi 63. hospitality /ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti/: (n) the group of businesses such as hotels, bars, and restaurants that provide food, drink, or a place to sleep: dịch vụ nhà hàng – khách sạn We offer high-quality training for people working in hospitality, leisure, and tourism. 64. monotonous /məˈnɒtənəs/: (a) not changing and therefore boring: đơn điệu The music became monotonous after a while. 65. part-time /ˌpɑːt ˈtaɪm/: (a) (adv) bán thời gian 66. retail /ˈriːteɪl/: (n) việc bán lẻ 67. redundant /rɪˈdʌndənt/: (a) dư thừa, bị sa thải 68. rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/: (a) giving a reward, especially by making you feel satisfied that you have done something important or useful, or done something well: tốt, bổ ích, đáng làm Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity. 69. unemployed /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/: (a) thất nghiệp 70. unskilled /ˌʌnˈskɪld/: (a) không cần chuyên môn

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71. apply /əˈplaɪ/: (v) to request something, usually officially, especially in writing or by sending in a form: ứng tuyển, xin We've applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project. 72. compete /kəmˈpiːt/: (v) cạnh tranh 73. earn /ɜːn/: (v) kiếm (tiền) 74. endorse /ɪnˈdɔːs/: (v) to make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone: chứng thực The Council is expected to endorse the committee's recommendations. 75. invest (in) /ɪnˈvest/: (v) đầu tư 76. persuade /pəˈsweɪd/: (v) thuyết phục 77. to be promoted: được thăng cấp, thăng tiến 78. request /rɪˈkwest/: (v) yêu cầu 79. retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/: (v) về hưu

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UNIT 18: THE LAW Crime, punishment 1. action /ˈækʃn/: (n) hành động 2. arson /ˈɑːsn/: (n) tội đốt phá 3. the authorities /ɔːˈθɒrəti/: (n) the group of people with official legal power to make decisions or make people obey the laws in a particular area, such as the police or a local government department: nhà chức trách I'm going to report these potholes to the authorities. 4. burglary /ˈbɜːɡləri/: (n) trộm 5. consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/: (n) hậu quả 6. convict /ˈkɒnvɪkt/: (n) người bị kết án 7. crime /kraɪm/: (n) tội, tội phạm 8. crime rate /kraɪm reɪt/: (n) the number of crimes that are committed during a period of time in a particular place: tỉ lệ tội phạm The overall crime rate was down 11.9% last year. 9. criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/: (n) tên tội phạm 10. deterrent /dɪˈterənt/: (n) something that makes somebody less likely to do something (= that deters them): (vật/điều) ngăn cản Hopefully his punishment will act as a deterrent to others. a deterrent against cheating 11. evidence /ˈevɪdəns/: (n) bằng chứng 12. fine /faɪn/: (n) tiền phạt 13. fraud /frɔːd/: (n) the crime of getting money by deceiving people: gian lận,

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lừa đảo He is fighting extradition to Hong Kong to face trial on fraud charges. 14. imprisonment /ɪmˈprɪznmənt/: (n) hình phạt tù 15. inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/: (n) bất bình đẳng 16. intent /ɪnˈtent/: (n) the fact that you want and plan to do something: ý định, mục đích It was not his intent to hurt anyone. She was charged with possessing weapons with intent to endanger life. 17. intrusion /ɪnˈtruːʒn/: (n) sự xâm phạm 18. judge /dʒʌdʒ/: (n) thẩm phán 19. jury /ˈdʒʊəri/: (n) bồi thẩm đoàn 20. kidnapping /ˈkɪdnæpɪŋ/: (n) sự bắt cóc 21. lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/: (n) luật sư 22. motive /ˈməʊtɪv/: (n) động cơ 23. murder /ˈmɜːdə(r)/: (n) tội giết người 24. offence /əˈfens/: (n) an illegal act; a crime: sự vi phạm Driving without a licence is an offence. He committed several serious offences. 25. pickpocketing /ˈpɪkpɒkɪtɪŋ/: (n) nạn móc túi 26. prevention /prɪˈvenʃn/: (n) sự ngăn ngừa 27. prison /ˈprɪzn/: (n) a building where criminals are forced to live as a punishment: nhà tù He's spent a lot of time in prison.

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She was sent to prison for six months. 28. prisoner /ˈprɪznə(r)/: (n) tù nhân 29. property crime /ˈprɒpəti kraɪm/: tội về tài sản 30. prosecutor /ˈprɒsɪkjuːtə(r)/: (n) a legal official who accuses someone of committing a crime, especially in a law court: công tố viên 31. protection /prəˈtekʃn/: (n) sự bảo vệ 32. punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/: (n) sự trừng phạt, hình phạt 33. recklessness /ˈrekləsnəs/: (n) sự bất cẩn, vô ý 34. smuggling /ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ/: (n) the act or process of taking things or people to or from a place secretly and often illegally: buôn lậu The murdered man is thought to have been involved in drug smuggling. 35. social system /ˈsəʊʃl ˈsɪstəm/: hệ thống xã hội 36. swear /ˈsweər/: (n) lời chửi thề 37. the accused: bị cáo 38. toxic waste /ˈtɒksɪk weɪst/: (n) chất thải độc hại 39. vandalism /ˈvændəlɪzəm/: (n) the crime of intentionally damaging property belonging to other people: tội phá hoại Beset by violence and vandalism, this is one of the most unpleasant areas in the city. 40. victim /ˈvɪktɪm/: (n) nạn nhân 41. violation /ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃn/: (n) sự vi phạm 42. criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/: (a) (về) tội phạm 43. drug-related /drʌɡ rɪˈleɪtɪd/: (a) liên quan ma túy

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44. evil /ˈiːvl/: (a) ác 45. guilty /ˈɡɪlti/: (a) có tội 46. harsh /hɑːʃ/: (a) khắt khe, khắt nghiệt 47. innocent /ˈɪnəsnt/: (a) vô tội 48. intentional /ɪnˈtenʃənl/: (a) có chủ ý 49. law-abiding /lɔː əˈbaɪdɪŋ/: (a) someone who is law-abiding obeys the law: tuân theo luật Such actions against law-abiding citizens will not be tolerated. 50. non-violent /nɒn ˈvaɪələnt/: (a) phi bạo lực 51. offensive /əˈfensɪv/: (a) xâm hại, làm phiền, làm khó chịu 52. on trial /ɒn ˈtraɪəl/: bị xét xử 53. petty (crime) /ˈpeti/: (a) (tội) nhẹ 54. punishable /ˈpʌnɪʃəbl/: (a) đáng phạt, có thể trừng phạt 55. random /ˈrændəm/: (a) ngẫu nhiên 56. strict /strɪkt/: (a) nghiêm khắc 57. unintentional /ˌʌnɪnˈtenʃənl/: (a) không chủ ý, vô ý 58. victimless /ˈvɪktɪmləs/: (a) không có nạn nhân 59. abide (by) /əˈbaɪd/: (v) to accept or obey an agreement, decision, or rule: tuân theo Competitors must abide by the judge's decision. 60. abolish /əˈbɒlɪʃ/: (v) bãi bỏ 61. combat /ˈkɒmbæt/: (v) chống lại 62. deter /dɪˈtɜː(r)/: (v) to prevent someone from doing something or to make

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someone less enthusiastic about doing something by making it difficult for that person to do it or by threatening bad results if they do it: ngăn cản, ngăn chặn These measures are designed to deter an enemy attack. High prices are deterring many young people from buying houses. 63. enforce /ɪnˈfɔːs/: (v) to make people obey a law, or to make a particular situation happen or be accepted: thi hành, thực thi The new teacher had failed to enforce any sort of discipline. 64. imprison /ɪmˈprɪzn/: (v) to put someone in prison: tống giam, bỏ tù He was imprisoned in 1965 for attempted murder. 65. monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/: (v) theo dõi, giám sát 66. obey /əˈbeɪ/: (v) tuân theo 67. offend /əˈfend/: (v) to make someone upset or angry: xâm phạm, xúc phạm If the sight of a few dirty dishes offends you, then I think you're in trouble! 68. perpetrate /ˈpɜːpətreɪt/: (v) to commit a crime or a violent or harmful act: phạm, gây ra In this country, half of all violent crime is perpetrated by people who have been drinking alcohol. 69. prevent /prɪˈvent/: (v) to stop something from happening or someone from doing something: ngăn ngừa Label your suitcases to prevent confusion. His disability prevents him from driving. 70. protect /prəˈtekt/: (v) to keep someone or something safe from injury,

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

damage, or loss: bảo vệ clothing that protects you against the cold It's important to protect your skin from the harmful effects of the sun. 71. prove /pruːv/: (v) chứng minh, tỏ ra 72. punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/: (v) trừng phạt, trừng trị 73. resent /rɪˈzent/: (v) to feel angry because you have been forced to accept someone or something that you do not like: bực tức, tức giận She bitterly resented her father's new wife. 74. respect /rɪˈspekt/: (v) tôn trọng 75. violate /ˈvaɪəleɪt/: (v) vi phạm, xâm phạm 76. accept the consequences: chấp nhận hậu quả 77. commit a crime: phạm tội 78. convict a criminal: kết tội một tên tội phạm 79. impose a fine: xử phạt 80. pass a law: thông qua luật 81. solve a crime: giải quyết tội phạm

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

UNIT 19: THE MEDIA The news, fame 1. access /ˈækses/: (n) the method or possibility of getting near to a place or person: sự truy cập The only access to the village is by boat. 2. attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/: (n) thái độ, quan điểm 3. author /ˈɔːθə(r)/: (n) tác giả 4. bias /ˈbaɪəs/: (n) the action of supporting or opposing a particular person or thing in an unfair way, because of allowing personal opinions to influence your judgment: sự thiên lệch, thiên vị There was clear evidence of a strong bias against her. There has always been a slight bias in favour of/towards employing liberal arts graduates in the company. 5. censorship /ˈsensəʃɪp/: (n) kiểm duyệt 6. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/: (n) thử thách 7. credibility /ˌkredəˈbɪləti/: (n) sự tín nhiệm 8. current affairs /ˈkʌrənt /əˈfeə(r)z/: (n) những sự kiện hiện tại, thời sự (plural) 9. editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/: (n) biên tập viên 10. exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/: (n) the fact of experiencing something or being affected by it because of being in a particular situation or place: sự tiếp xúc You should always limit your exposure to the sun. 11. fame /feɪm/: (n) danh tiếng 12. free press /friː pres/: (n) tự do báo chí

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13. ideology /ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/: (n) a set of beliefs or principles, especially one on which a political system, party, or organization is based: hệ tư tưởng, ý thức hệ The people are caught between two opposing ideologies. 14. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/: (n) ảnh hưởng 15. the Internet /ˈɪntənet/: mạng toàn cầu 16. investigation /ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn/: (n) the careful examination of a crime, problem, statement, etc., especially to discover the truth: sự điều tra, cuộc điều tra An investigation into possible insider dealing has been begun by the stock exchange. Several companies are under investigation for fraud. 17. issue /ˈɪʃuː/: (n) vấn đề 18. journal /ˈdʒɜːnl/: (n) a serious magazine or newspaper that is published regularly about a particular subject: báo, tập san 19. journalism /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪzəm/: (n) báo chí, nghề báo 20. mass media /mæs ˈmiːdiə/: (n) truyền thông đại chúng 21. media /ˈmiːdiə/: (n) (phương tiện) truyền thông (pl) 22. network /ˈnetwɜːk/: (n) mạng lưới 23. news: (n) tin tức 24. newspaper /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə(r)/: (n) báo 25. newsstand /ˈnjuːzstænd/: (n) sạp báo 26. opinion /əˈpɪnjən/: (n) quan điểm

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27. paparazzi /ˌpæpəˈrætsi/: (n) tay săn ảnh (lén) (pl) 28. the press /pres/: (n) newspapers and magazines, and those parts of television and radio that broadcast news, or reporters and photographers who work for them: báo chí, giới báo chí, truyền thông The incident has been widely reported in the press. 29. privacy /ˈpraɪvəsi/: (n) sự riêng tư 30. publication /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃn/: (n) a book, magazine, newspaper, or document in which information or stories are published: ấn bản, ấn phẩm Our latest publication is a magazine for health enthusiasts. 31. publicity /pʌbˈlɪsəti/: (n) the activity of making certain that someone or something attracts a lot of interest or attention from many people, or the attention received as a result of this activity: sự quảng cáo, công khai He attracted a lot of bad publicity with his speech about unmarried mothers. 32. publisher /ˈpʌblɪʃə(r)/: (n) nhà xuất bản 33. relevance /ˈreləvəns/: (n) the degree to which something is related or useful to what is happening or being talked about: sự liên quan, mức độ liên quan What relevance does that point have to the discussion? 34. safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/: (n) vật che chở, vật bảo vệ 35. source /sɔːs/: (n) nguồn 36. speculation /ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn/: (n) sự phỏng đoán 37. tabloid /ˈtæblɔɪd/: (n) (of or relating to) a type of popular newspaper with small pages that has many pictures and short, simple reports: báo khổ nhỏ, báo lá cải

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38. the web: hệ thống mạng internet 39. alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/: (a) thay thế, khác 40. artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/: (a) nhân tạo, giả tạo, không tự nhiên 41. attention-grabbing /əˈtenʃn ˈɡræbɪŋ/: (a) thu hút sự chú ý 42. biased /ˈbaɪəst/: (a) thiên vị, thiên lệch 43. celebrity /səˈlebrəti/: (n) người nổi tiếng 44. controversial /ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃl/: (a) gây tranh cãi 45. distorted /dɪˈstɔːtɪd/: (a) bị xuyên tạc, bị làm méo mó 46. entertaining /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/: (a) mang tính giải trí 47. factual /ˈfæktʃuəl/: (a) thực sự, căn cứ theo sự thật 48. informative /ɪnˈfɔːmətɪv/: (a) giàu thông tin 49. intrusive /ɪnˈtruːsɪv/: (a) xâm phạm 50. investigative /ɪnˈvestɪɡətɪv/: (a) điều tra 51. mainstream /ˈmeɪnstriːm/: (a) chính, chủ đạo 52. pervasive /pəˈveɪsɪv/: (a) rộng khắp 53. realistic /ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/: (a) accepting things as they are in fact and not making decisions based on unlikely hopes for the future: hiện thực, thực tế It isn't realistic to expect people to work for so little money. 54. sensationalist /senˈseɪʃənəlɪst/: (a) presenting information in a way that is shocking or exciting rather than serious, especially in newspapers, on television, etc.: giật gân These sensationalist headlines give the impression that the sport is being corrupted on a day-to-day basis.

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55. superficial /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃl/: (a) (of a person) never thinking about things that are serious or important: bề ngoài, nông cạn He's fun to be with, but he's very superficial. 56. unbiased /ʌnˈbaɪəst/: (a) khách quan, không thiên vị 57. well-informed /wel ɪnˈfɔːmd/: (a) (nắm) thông tin 58. affect /əˈfekt/: (v) ảnh hưởng 59. broadcast /ˈbrɔːdkɑːst/: (v) to send out a programme on television or radio: phát sóng Radio Caroline used to broadcast from a boat in the North Sea. The tennis championship is broadcast live to several different countries. 60. censor /ˈsensə(r)/: (v) kiểm duyệt 61. control /kənˈtrəʊl/: (v) kiểm soát 62. exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/: (v) bóc lột, khai thác 63. expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/: (v) phơi bày 64. inform /ɪnˈfɔːm/: (v) cung cấp thông tin, thông báo 65. intrude /ɪnˈtruːd/: (v) làm phiền, xâm phạm, xâm nhập 66. invade /ɪnˈveɪd/: (v) xâm phạm 67. investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/: (v) điều tra 68. publicize /ˈpʌblɪsaɪz/: (v) công khai, quảng cáo 69. publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/: (v) xuất bản 70. report /rɪˈpɔːt/: (v) báo cáo, tường thuật 71. review /rɪˈvjuː/: (v) xem lại, xét lại 72. verify /ˈverɪfaɪ/: (v) thẩm tra, xác minh

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UNIT 20: THE ARTS Art appreciation, the performing arts 1. actor /ˈæktə(r)/: (n) diễn viên 2. actress: (n) nữ diễn viên 3. aesthetics /esˈθet.ɪks/: (n) the formal study of art, especially in relation to the idea of beauty: mỹ học 4. appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/: (n) the act of recognizing or understanding that something is valuable, important, or as described: sự đánh giá cao The crowd cheered in appreciation. Children rarely show any appreciation of/for what their parents do for them. 5. artefact /ˈɑːtɪfækt/: (n) an object that is made by a person, such as a tool or a decoration, especially one that is of historical interest: cổ vật, đồ tạo tác The museum's collection includes artefacts dating back to prehistoric times. 6. artist /ˈɑːtɪst/: (n) họa sĩ 7. atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/: (n) bầu không khí 8. audience /ˈɔːdiəns/: (n) khán giả 9. ballerina /ˌbæləˈriːnə/: (n) nữ diễn viên balê 10. ballet /ˈbæleɪ/: (n) bale 11. carving /ˈkɑːvɪŋ/: (n) a shape or pattern cut into wood or stone or the skill of doing this: đồ chạm khắc wooden/stone carvings 12. conception /kənˈsepʃn/: (n) an idea of what something or someone is like, or a basic understanding of a situation or a principle: quan niệm, nhận thức

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People from different cultures have different conceptions of the world. 13. concert /ˈkɒnsət/: (n) buổi hòa nhạc 14. craft /krɑːfts/: (n) skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience: đồ thủ công, tay nghề làm đồ thủ công the craft of furniture making/sewing/glassblowing rural/ancient/traditional crafts 15. creation /kriˈeɪʃn/: (n) the act of creating something, or the thing that is created: sự tạo ra, sáng tác Their policies all emphasize the creation of wealth. This 25-foot-high sculpture is her latest creation. 16. culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/: (n) văn hóa 17. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/: (n) cảm xúc 18. exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/: (n) cuộc triển lãm 19. expression /ɪkˈspreʃn/: (n) sự trình bày, biểu đạt 20. festival /ˈfestɪvl/: (n) lễ hội 21. gallery /ˈɡæləri/: (n) phòng (trưng bày) tranh 22. image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/: (n) hình ảnh 23. imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/: (n) sự tưởng tượng 24. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/: (n) ảnh hưởng 25. inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/: (n) someone or something that gives you ideas for doing something: cảm hứng, nguồn cảm hứng The golden autumn light provided the inspiration for the painting.

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26. intimacy /ˈɪntɪməsi/: (n) sự quen thuộc, thân mật 27. literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/: (n) văn học, tài liệu 28. mood /muːd/: (n) the way you feel at a particular time: tâm trạng She's in a good/bad mood. The drink had put him in an amiable mood. 29. musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/: (n) someone who is skilled in playing music, usually as a job: nhạc công, người chơi nhạc The concert features dancers and musicians of all nationalities. 30. opera /ˈɒprə/: (n) ôpêra 31. orchestra /ˈɔːkɪstrə/: (n) dàn nhạc, ban nhạc 32. painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/: (n) tranh 33. performance /pəˈfɔːməns/: (n) màn trình diễn 34. the performing arts: nghệ thuật biểu diễn (plural) 35. play /pleɪ/: (n) vở kịch 36. portrait /ˈpɔːtrɪt/: (n) chân dung 37. proportion /prəˈpɔːʃn/: (n) sự cân xứng, tỉ lệ 38. reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/: (n) sự phản ánh, suy ngẫm 39. response /rɪˈspɒns/: (n) phản ứng, sự đáp lại 40. sculptor /ˈskʌlptə(r)/: (n) nhà điêu khắc 41. sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/: (n) nghệ thuật điêu khắc 42. stimulus /ˈstɪmjələs/: (n) tác nhân kích thích 43. style /staɪl/: (n) phong cách 44. taste /teɪst/: (n) gu

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45. theatre /ˈθɪətə(r)/: (n) nhà hát 46. theme /θiːm/: (n) chủ đề 47. venue /ˈvenjuː/: (n) địa điểm 48. work /wɜːks/: (n) something created as a result of effort, especially a painting, book, or piece of music: tác phẩm nghệ thuật (count.) The museum has many works by Picasso as well as other modern painters. 49. writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/: (n) tác giả 50. abstract /ˈæbstrækt/: (a) trừu tượng 51. accomplished /əˈkʌmplɪʃt/: (a) skilled: tài năng She's a very accomplished painter. 52. aesthetic /iːsˈθetɪk/: (a) relating to the enjoyment or study of beauty, or showing great beauty: thuộc thẩm mỹ, có óc thẩm mỹ Those buildings have little aesthetic appeal. 53. burgeoning /ˈbɜːdʒənɪŋ/: (a) growing or developing quickly: đang lớn mạnh, đang phát triển nhanh A burgeoning tourist industry lifted the state’s economy. 54. classical /ˈklæsɪkl/: (a) cổ điển 55. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/: (a) có sức sáng tạo 56. cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/: (a) thuộc văn hóa 57. distracting /dɪˈstræktɪŋ/: (a) phiền nhiễu, làm sao nhãng 58. eclectic /ɪˈlektrɪk/: (a) methods, beliefs, ideas, etc. that are eclectic combine whatever seem the best or most useful things from many different areas or systems, rather than following a single system: chiết trung, đa dạng

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Cambridge Vocab for IELTS – By Min’s IELTS Class

an eclectic style/approach an eclectic taste in literature 59. emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/: (a) thuộc cảm xúc 60. fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/: (a) nền tảng, cơ bản 61. imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/: (a) giàu tưởng tượng 62. influential /ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/: (a) có sức ảnh hưởng 63. inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/: (a) truyền cảm hứng, đầy cảm hứng 64. interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/: (a) có tính tương tác 65. literary /ˈlɪtərəri/: (a) (thuộc) văn học, văn chương 66. live /laɪv/: (a) trực tiếp 67. magical /ˈmædʒɪkl/: (a) ma thuật/tuyệt vời 68. monotonous /məˈnɒtənəs/: (a) not changing and therefore boring: đơn điệu The music became monotonous after a while. 69. mundane /mʌnˈdeɪn/: (a) very ordinary and therefore not interesting: bình thường, không thú vị Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her. 70. passionate /ˈpæʃənət/: (a) having very strong feelings or emotions: đam mê Joe is passionate about baseball (= he likes it very much). 71. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/: (a) liked, enjoyed, or supported by many people: nổi tiếng Madonna is popular among/with teenagers. 72. prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/: (a) very well-known and important: nổi bật, quan trọng

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The government should be playing a more prominent role in promoting human rights. 73. relaxing /rɪˈlæksɪŋ/: (a) nhẹ nhàng, thư giãn 74. stimulating /ˈstɪmjuleɪtɪŋ/: (a) khuấy động, kích thích 75. visual /ˈvɪʒuəl/: (a) thuộc thị giác, liên quan đến việc nhìn 76. vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/: (a) sinh động, chói lọi 77. choreograph /ˈkɒrɪəɡrɑːf/: (v) to plan the combination of movements to be performed in a dance: dàn dựng, biên đạo múa She continues to choreograph new dances for her company, although she rarely performs anymore. 78. create /kriˈeɪt/: (v) tạo ra 79. depict /dɪˈpɪkt/: (v) mô tả 80. enrich /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/: (v) làm giàu, làm phong phú 81. escape /ɪˈskeɪp/: (v) thoát 82. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/: (v) tưởng tượng 83. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/: (v) ảnh hưởng 84. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/: (v) truyền cảm hứng 85. participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/: (v) to take part in or become involved in an activity: tham gia vào She never participates in any of our discussions, does she? 86. perform /pəˈfɔːm/: (v) trình diễn 87. provoke /prəˈvəʊk/: (v) to cause a reaction, especially a negative one: khơi gợi, gây ra

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Test results provoked worries that the reactor could overheat. 88. transcend /trænˈsend/: (v) to go further, rise above, or be more important or better than something, especially a limit: vượt quá, vượt hơn The best films are those which transcend national or cultural barriers.

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