Old-Irish paradigms and selections from the Old-Irish glosses [PDF]

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1909 SMC

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I-

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS SELECTIONS FROM THE OLD-IRISH GLOSSES WITH

NOTES AND VOCABULARY

JOHN STRACHAN

SECOND EDITION

DUBLIN SCHOOL OF IRISH LEARNING, HODGES, FIGGIS &

CO.,

:

122A ST. STEPHEN'S

LTD.,

lOd

AND

LONDON DAVID NUTT,

57-59

1909

GREEN

GBAFTON STREET

:

LONG ACRE

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION A new

edition

of Strachan's Selections

Old-Irish Glosses having

advisable to reprint

it

become necessary,

together with

No

details

text

;

seemed

Grammar

changes have been made except

the Corrigenda have been

;

it

the Paradigms,

so that the whole might serve as a skeleton

and Reader.

embodied

used throughout ;

;

cross-references have been

in

the

in

the terms Prototonic and Deuterotonic are

the Glossary

the

from

now

added

in

lastly, the Paradigms of the Substantive

Verb and the Copula have been transferred from the Glossary to the Paradigms, and an Index and Table of

Contents have been supplied.

Mr. R.

I.

Best have shared with

Dr. O.

me

J.

Bergin and

the task of seeing

the book through the Press.

KUNO MEYER. Jwne, 1909.

CONTENTS Article

Noun -o- stems -a- stems

stems stems -i- stems -i- stems -u- stems -u- stems -io-

-ia-

diphthongal stems guttural stems dental stems nasal stems -r- stems -S- stems Adjective -o-, -a- stems -io-, ia- stems -i- stems

-u- stems

consonantal stems

Numerals Verb Indicative

Mood

Present Tense /

T^f^T^f^Tl f*Tl t~

i

LIST OF

WORKS REFERRED TO AND ABBREVIATIONS.

ACL.

Archiv fur Celtische Lexicographie.

Acr.=Glosses on

S. Augustine's Soliloquia, Carlsruhe (Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus n., pp. 1-9).

Action and Time=Strachan, Action and Time in the Irish Verb, Transactions of the London Philological Society, 1899-1902, Part n. Ascoli,

Glossarium Palaeohibernicum (published in Archivio Glottologico Italiano, Vol. vi.).

Bcr.=Glosses onBeda, Carlsruha (Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus n.,pp. 10-30). CZ.=Zeitflchrift Eriu,

fiir

The Journal

Celtische Philologie.

of the School of Irish Learning, Dublin.

GC2 .=2euss, Grammatica

Celtica,

second edition, revised by Ebel.

IF.:=Indogermanische Forschungen.

KZ.=Kuhns Lib.

Ardm.

Zeitschrift far Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft.

Book

of

Armagh (Thesaurus

Palaeohibernicus

I.,

pp. 494-498

;

n., pp. 238-243).

Ml.=The Milan

Glosses on the Psalms (Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus

I.,

pp. 7-483).

Ro=Strachan, On the use Old

Irish,

1895-8, Part

RC.= Revue

of the particle ro- with Preterital Tenses in Transactions of the London Philological Society, i.

Celtique.

Sarauw, Irske Studier.

Copenhagen, 1900.

Sg.=Glosses on Priscian,

St.

Gall (Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus

11.,

pp.

49-224).

Sigmatic Future=Strachan, The Sigmatic Future and Subjunctive in Irish, Transactions of the London Philological Society, 1899-1902, Part n.

LIST OF

VI

WORKS REFERRED TO

Subjunctive Mood=Strachan, The Subjunctive Mood in Irish, Transactions of the London Philological Society, 1895-8, Part n. Substantive Verb=Strachan, The Substantive Verb in the Old Irish Glosses, Transactions of the London Philological Society, 18991901, Part r.

Thesaurus Palaeohibernicns, ed. Stokes and Strachan:

Cambridge, 190!,

1903.

Tur.=The Turin

Glosses on S.

Mark (Thesaurus Palaoohibernicus

I.,

pp.

484-494).

Verbal System. of SR. Strachan, The Verbal System of the Saltair na Rann, Transactions of the London Philological Society, 189r>-8, Part I.

Wb.=The

Wiirzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles (Thesaurus Palaeo-

hibernicus

i.,

pp. 499-712).

Zimmer, Keltische Studien, Bd.

ri.

Berlin, 1884.

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS acc.=accusative

Mod. Ir.=Modern

act.=active

MS.=manu8cript reading

adj .^adjective

art.=article

neg.=negative n. or neut.=neuter

cf.=compare

nom .^nominative

compar.=comparative

0. Ir.=01d-Irish

conj .=conjunction

p.=page

Irish

dat.=dative

part.=participle

Eng.=English

part. necess.=participle of

f.

or feni.=feminine

necessity

fr.=from.

pass.=passive

fut.=future

perf.:;= perfect

g. or

pl.=plural

gen.=gonitive

gl.=glo8s or glosses i.e.=that is

impf.=imperfect ind. or indie. =indicative

poss

.

= possess! vc

pp.=pages prep.=pre position pres.=present

inf.=infinite

pret.=preterite

infix. ^infixed

pron.=pronoun

ipv.=iniperative ' or,' Lat. uel

rel.=relativo

t=no

sec .=secondary

Lat.=Latin

8g.=singular

leg.=read

subj .^subjunctive

lit.=literally

suff.s=suffixed

in.

or

masc.= masculine

Mid. Ir.= Middle- Irish

verb.

= verbal

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION OF SELECTIONS FROM THE OLD IRISH GLOSSES little

selection has been put together primarily to

meet

the wants

of students in the School of Irish Learning.

The

THIS

arrangement of the glosses calls for some explanation. It has been found that to students, particularly to students

who

are already familiar with the

modern language, the

Irish noun and pronoun present no great difficulties. the other hand, the complicated verbal system is very puzzling to the beginner. This book has, therefore, been so

Old

On

arranged that the student who has mastered the nominal inflexion may learn the verb gradually, tense by tense.

In the notes

much

will

be found that would more properly

be relegated to the grammar. Of recent years, however, much progress has been made in the study of Old Irish grammar, and, as yet, no grammar has appeared in which these recent discoveries have been embodied.

It is

hoped that

the references which are given will lead the student to consult the original authorities. A translation of the Irish may be

found in the Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus. J.S. MANCHESTER, June 16, 1904.

OLD IRISH PARADIGMS. THE ARTICLE. SINGULAR. Masculine.

N.

in, int

Feminine. ind',

1

in', int

Xeuter.

a n-

A. in n-, lasin n-, etc. in n-, lasin n-, etc. a n-, lassa netc.

G. ind',

in', int

D. dond', don', dont

inna, na

ind', in', int

dond

dond', don', dont

,

don',

cossind', cossin',etc.cossind',cossin',etc cossind', cossin etc.

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

THE NOUN. A.

J.

:

1.

VOCALIC STEMS. Stems fer M.,

Singular.

in -o-

man.

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

3

cen61 N., race. ^

Singular.

G.

'

Dual.

Plural.

N.V.A. cenel n-

da cenel n-

een61, cenela

da cen61

ceniuil, ceniuil een61 n-

ceneuil, ceneoil / D. ceniul, ceneul eenSlaib D. infection In the -UNOTE. Sg.

e.g.,

'So

folt.

mace, salm, galar,

dib eenelaib

not always found, adjectives in -aeh have is

*"

always -ach. Further examples oi this declension are crann N., tree, G. er$nn, D. crunn.

:

nert N., strength, G. neirt, D. neurt, niurt.

ech M., horse, G. eich, D. eoch, A. PI. eochu. son M., sound, G. suin, D. sun, A. PI. sunu. ^= lebor, lebur M., book, G. libuir, D. libur.

"Mtff

flr.

N., food, G. biid, D. biud.

N? declension,

G.

diill,

D.

diull.

fiach M., debt, G. f6ieh, D. fiach. fasc M., fish, G. 6isc, D. fasc.

dia M.,

God,

G

d6,

D.

dia,

*

4

A. dia n-, N. PL d6, A. deu, deo,

G. dia n-, D. d6ib. b61 M., lip, G. be6il, beuil, D. b6ul, A. PI. b6ulu. n61 M., cloud, G. niuil, A. PI. niulu. sc61 N., story, G. sc6uil. f6r, grass,

G. f6iuir.(^)

6n M., bird, G. euin, eoin, D. eun. tr6n M., strong man, G. tr6uin, triuin, D. triun, A. PI. triunu. ceol N., music, G. ciuil. /). C*M/. demun M., devil, G. demuin, is in the plural inflected like

an

-i-

stem, N. PI. demnae (based on

Thurneysen suggests, with probability).

1,'T-

lat.

daemonia B2

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

2.

Stems in -a-

tiiath, people. Singular.

N.V. tuath

/

vengeance, G. diglae. 1dm, hand, G. lamae.

digal,

drib, form, G. delbae. ,

crown, G. comae, A.

PI. eoirnea

pian, punishment, G. p6ne.

eroch, cross, G.

r

eruehae.(fry.

long, ship, G. lungae.

c6ile M., fellow. Singular.

N.

ceile

Plural.

da cheile

effif

V. a ch6ili

a cheiliu

A. eelle n-

cei'.i

G.

c6ili

c6ile

D.

e6iliu

da cheile

u

n-

da cheile dib ceilib

daltae M., fosterling. Singular.

Dual.

A

"

f

/

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

cnaim M., bone. N.V.

Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

enim

A. cnaim nG. cnamo,

cnama

D. cnaim

da chnaim

cnamai cnamai cnamae nenamaib 3.,

da chnaim

da chnamo, chnama dib sea. Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

N.V.A. muir nG. moro,

mora

D. muir

cnamaib

muire muire n-

da muir n-

muirib

dib muirib

da moro, mora

NOTE. Some borrowed words show no ending in the G\ Such are abbgitir, alphabet, argumint, argumentO> .

Sg.

:

firmimint, firmament, comparit, comparative, posit, positive/ superlait, superlative, tabernacuil, tabernacle, testimin, textj 6.

Stems in

-i-

inis, island.

Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

N.V.

inis

di inis

A. insi n-

insi

di inis

G. inse

inse n-

da inse

D.

insib

dib n-insib

insi

bliadain, Plural,

Singular.

N.V. bliadain

bliadnai

Dual.

j

di bliadain

\

A. bliadnai n-

bliadnai

G. bliadnae

bliadnae n-

D. bliadnai

bliadnaib

\

di bliadain

da bliadnae j

NOTE.

Some nouns

7

dib mbliadnaib

follow this declension

G. Sg., e.g. m6it, size, G. mgite, D. m6it G. can6ne, D. can6in.

;

only in the

canoin, canon,

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

Further instances of this declension are

:

adaig* night, G. aidche. Brigit, G. Brigte.

m6in, bog, G. monae. rigain, queen, G. rfgnae.

G. seitche.

s6tig, wife,

7.

Stems in -u-

r\

guth M., voice. Plural.

Dual.

gothae, gotha,

da guth

Singular.

N.V. guth

gothai

A. guth n-

guthu

G. gotho, gotha

gothae n-

da gotho, gotha

gothaib

dib ngothaib

D. guth

da guth

rind N., star.U

N.V.A. rind nG. rendo, renda

D. rind

NOTE.

Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

But G.

PI.

rind

da rind n-

rendae n-

da rendo, renda

rendaib

dib rendaib

inna tuaisrenn Ml.

Further examples of this declension are bith M., world, G. betho, betha, D. biuth. bir N., spit, G. bero, bera,

D. biur, N.A.

:

PI. beura.

daur, oak, G. daro, dara. d6r, N., tear, G.

d6ro, d6ra, N.A. PI. d6r.

dorus N., door, N.A. PL dorus and doirsea.

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS. fid

9

M., wood, G. fedo, feda.

gin M., mouth, G. geno, gena, D. giun.

mess M., judgment, G.

raesso, messa.

mid M., mead, G. medo, meda. mind N., diadem, N.A. PI. mind, D. mindaib. suth M., offspring, G. sotho, sotha. molad, M. praise, G. molto, molta. foilsigud M.,

manifestation, G. foilsigtheo, foilsigthe.

8.

Stems in -u-

dige, D. dig ; muec, pig, G. muicce, In the oblique cases they follow the declension

Such are deug, drink, G. D. muicc.

of -a- stems. 9.

Stems in a dipff$ong. b6 M.F., ox, cow. Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

N.V. b6

da, di, bai

bai

A. boin n-

bu

G. bou, b6

bao

D. boin

buaib

da, di, bai n-, b6 n-

da b6 dib

mbuaib

D

-

CONSONANTAL STEMS.

B. 10.

Stems in a guttural, cathir F., city.

(a)

Dual.

Plural.

Singular.

N. cathir

cathraig

di

chathraig,

chathir

chathraig,

chathir

1

V. a chathir

a chathracha

A. cathraig n-

cathracha

df

G. cathrach

cathrach n-

da chathrach

cathrachaib

dib cathrachaib

D. cathraig.

ca,thi

CA(HjiffV>V IS*"!.

Similarly

:

fail

F., ring,

G. falaeh.

nathir F., snake, G. nathraeh.

X

sail

F., willow,

G. salach.

Findubair F., G. Findubrech.

Lugaid M., G. Luigdech. see>

whitehorn, G. sciach, D. sciaig,

malae

M., fighter in a war-chariot, G. erred seir F., heel,

G. sered.

traig, foot, G. traiged.

luch, mouse, G. lochad.

(b)

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS. Similarly

:

ere"

F., clay, A. crieid n-, G. criad,

d6,

smoke, G. diad.

gle6, fight, G. gliad. (e)

fili

A. fileda,

,

DUtAjuJ*

efcTSo

fection,

D. cried,

crieid.

,4-f^W*-

M,,,,poet, A. filid n-, G. filed,

(d)*bethu M., bethu.

13

D.

filid,

N.

PI. filid, .//

(\ 'V,

it]

oegi, guest, G. oeged, drui, wizard, G. druad.

life,

A. bethaid n-, G. bethad, D. bethaid,

So many abstract nouns in -tu, e.g. foribthetu perG. foirbthetad ; in these nouns in the ace. and dat.

both -taid and -tu appear. Similarly bibdu M.. guilty person, G. bibdad, coimdiu M., lord, G. eoimded. *carae M., friend.

(e)

Singular.

Dual.

Plural.

N. carae

carait

da charait

A. carait n-

cairtea

da charait

G. carat

carat n-

da charat

D. carait

cairtib

dib cairtib

So are declined the tens

;

fiehe M.,

twenty, G.

,

fichet,

tricha|)M., thirty, G. triehat, etc. Similarly, but with -a in the nom., ffada M., lord, G. fiadat. Similarly, but with -u in the nom., dfnu, lamb, G. dinet,

Nuadu, G. Nuadat. d6t N., tooth. Singular.

Plural

Dual.

N.A. d6t n-

dt &

da nd6t n-

G. dSt

d6t n-

da nd6t

D.

d6taib

dib nddtaib

ifl

So lochet N.. lightning.

i

r

OLD-IRISH PARADIGMS.

14

(a)

12.

i

.Stems in a nasal.

brithem M., judge. Dual.

Singular.

Plural.

N. brithem

brithemain

da brithemain

A. brithemain n-

brithemna

da brithemain

G. brithemon

brithemon n-

da brithemon

D. brithemain, brithem brithemnaib

Further examples are escung,

eel,

dib

mbrithemnaib

:

G. escongan.

derucc, acorn, G. dereon.

Miliuc M., G. Milcon.

talam Jfy earth, G. talman. G. trethan.

triath, sea,

^

aisndis F., exposition, G. aisndisen, has A. aisndis n-,

D

-

anim l

*v

' l'

aisndis ' F., soul,

H irfd

'

i^M^ ly

...

,,

atter wlth poss pron or gen '

i

'

-

'

VOCABULARY.

107

indidit (ind-feth-), g. indideto, affirmation, indicative

indocbal (ind-ud-gabal), g. indocbale,

f.

mood.

glory.

indraigne, detriment.

inducbaide, glorious. Infixed Pronoun.

-.*

:

Relative.

Non-relative. 1.

-m(m)'-.

-dom(m)'-,-dam(m)'-.

2.

-t'-.

-dot'-, dat'-.

3 3

in.

-an

;

after ni,

-n-. -dan

3 n. -a'

-dn-.

after coni. eon-, -didn- ~. Singular. -da-.

-sn-;

f.

-,

\

-a-

after nach-, -a-, ; after ni,'

-d'-.

after conj. con-, -did-/ 1.

-n(n)-.

2.

-b-.

-don(n)-, dan(n)-. -dob-, dab-, dib-.

3 m. -da-. 3 f. f-sn-; after nach-, -a-, -a3 n. j

'-Plural.

\

In non-relative construction, dental forms are used after ad-, aith-, con- (for which cot- is substituted), etar-, for-, and frith-

ad-, aith-, cot-, frith-

;

pron. at-, at-, cot-, ingen, g. ingine,

become with the dental

of the

n.

perse-

frit(t)-. f.

daughter.

in-gor, impious.

ingreimm, ingraimm, cution

;

verb,

noun

g.

ingreimme, ingraimme,

of in-greinn, persecutes.

in-med6nach, internal, inward innunn,

over, to the other side.

;

pi. entrails.

Mod.

Ir.

VOCABULARY.

.108

inonn, inunn, the same. in-reith, invades

pres. subj. sg. 3 inr6

;

perf. sg. 3 inroraid

;

;

part. pass, indrisse.

in-samlathar, -intamlathar, imitates, compares. insce,

inse

:

insin,

after 6

:

f.

speech.

see anse that

and note on

as subject or object of verb

;

7. 25, 13. 22, 33.

insin, like that, 21. 12

inso, this

after 6

:

;

3. 5.

;

n

;

:

on account

airi insin,

as subject or object

1. 13, 21. 18, 30. 9. 41.

3

;

:

;

samlid

of that, 29. 24.

19. 15, 24. 3, 39. 5

1. 3,

:

23. 8

17. 23,

after prep.+suff. pron.

with compar. of equality

;

:

ISrithir inso 31. 7.

intamail, g. intamlae,

f.,

imitation, comparison

;

verb,

noun

of in-samlathar. intain, intan

:

inti, f. indf, n.

Dia, 23. 21. 6. i,

the

see tan.

ani (article+i), he

;

the aforementioned, inti

Before a relative verb, he who. that which,

17, 18, 9. 18, etc.

word emulari,

7. 25,

ani as emulari, that which so 10.

I, 2,

is

2. 12,

emulari,

42. 10.

in-tinscanna (ind-to-ind-scann-), begins

;

perf. sg. 3 intindar-

scann. inti-sin, that. inti-siu, eats,

this,

innahisiu

dommeil,

10. 10.

intled, g. intlide,

f.

snare, ambush.

those

things

which

if

VOCABULARY.

intliucht, intsliucht, g. intliuehto,

m.

IOg

sense.

lohain, John. losofad, Jehoshaphat. irbag,

f.

irbage,

g.

boasting

contending,

;

verb,

noun

of

ar-bagim. ir6cre (air-fo-od-gare), n.

command; verb, noun

of ar-f6cair.

iroin, irony.

Hirusalem, Jerusalem. f.

iress, g. irisse,

irnigde, ernigde,

faith. f.

prayer.

Isaac, Isaac. low.

isel,

ism, that, those ism, this, these

)

preceded bv the art i c le.

n

{ )

isindi (-n-), in that.

Ismail, Ishmael. *

Isu, Jesus. ithe,

f.

eating

ithid, eats

la,

with

;

;

lasa

n-

;

;

:

art.

lasin

lemm, lium,

n

;

perf. sg. 3 aduaid.

-,

lia',

lasa etc.

n ;

-,

lasna

with

sg. 2 latt, lat, sg. 3

;

suff.

m.

n.

lenn, liunn, pi. 2 lib, pi. 3 leo, dobertis leu, 12. 13, cf. 7/12, 14. 21, 17. 16, 30. 17.

leiss, les, laiss,

with

with

with poss. pron. 3

pron. sg. i limm, lim, leu.

of ithid.

pres. subj. sg. 3 estir, -estar

prep, with ace. rel.

noun

verb,

f.

lee

;

pi. i linn,

110

with,

VOCABULARY.

among, in (apud)

belonging

to

nl

:

latt,

it

certain, 5. 6,

etc. (pray] for

:

by

cf.

:

n.

16. 14, 17. 15, 23, 27. 18,

23. 3. 30. 20.

labrad, g. labartho, labartha, in. speaking labrit hir.

12. 13, 30.

Of the person we deem it more

clemniu linn,

is

26, 8. 15, 13. 4,

19. 4.

:

9. 21,

not thine, 2. 12.

is

judging, in the opinion of cf. 5.

Grecu

la

:

;

verb,

noun

of

.

labrithir, speaks. lae, laa, g. lai, n. day.

laigiu, less. lai the,

n.

day.

lasse (-n-), when.

lathar, g. lathir, n. arrangement, dispensation, device.

Latinde, Latin. 16gaid, reads.

16gend, g. 16gind, n. reading, study leicid, leaves, lets go, allows, 16ir,

diligent

lenaid rolil, pi.

16re,

f.

;

adheres

;

noun

thee.

put from

lerithir.

co

of legaid.

16ir, diligently.

fut. sg. 3 rel. liles

;

perf. sg. 3

3 roleltar. diligence.

less, g. lesso, lessa,

m. advantage,

or gen., needs. leth, g. lethe, n. side, half. lia,

to

verb,

leic liait,

compar. of equality

(di), follows,

;

more.

lie, g. liacc,

m.

stone.

roicc less, with poss. adj.

VOCABULARY.

Ill

lige, n. bed. lith, g. Iftho, ace. pi. lithu,

m.

festival.

lobur, weak. loc, g. luic,

m.

place.

log, luach, g. 16ge, n. price, pay.

loingthech, gluttonous

;

longid, eats.

fr.

londas, g. londassa, indignation.

longas, g. loingse,

f.

for longais, into exile.

exile,

Loth, Lot. lour, enough.

-m-

see Infixed Pronoun,

:

ma',

if

maec,

;

g.

mani, main-.

rieg.

maicc, m. son.

Maccidonde, Macedonian.

machthad, machdad, wonder,

is

maehthad limm, / wonder.

macthe, childish, puerile. 1.

mad-,

2.

mad,

madae,

well,

mad-genatar, blessed

if it be, if it

were

:

are.

see Copula (Paradigms).

vain.

maidid, breaks (intrans.) pres. subj. sg. 3 -ma ; fut. sg. 3 maidid for neeh re ; perf. sg. 3 romemaid, -r6imid. neuch, someone is defeated by someone, for denotes the vanquished, re n- the victor. ;

-mema

maith, good.

maldacht,

g.

maldachtae, maldachtan,

f.

curse.

VOCABULARY.

112

mam,

mama,

g.

mann,

yoke.

not

if it is

manid,

g.

see Copula (Paradigms).

;

mainne,

f.

manna.

marb, dead. marbaid,

kills.

masse,

beauty.

f.

'

massu mat,

if it is

,

they be

if

maten,

g.

see Copula (Paradigms).

:

see Copula (Paradigms).

:

maitne,

f.

morning.

matinde, matutinal.

m6, /

emphatic messe.

;

mebol, mebul,

g.

meblae,

shame,

f.

is

mebol limm, /

am

ashamed. melt, g. m6ite, ni

great thing,

f.

size,

extent,

is

melte limm, / deem

it

a

bed a mit, not only.

meldach, pleasing.

men man, m. mind.

men me,

g.

mess,

messo, messa, m. judgment

g.

;

verb,

noun

of midithir.

mi, g. mis, m. month. midithir, judges; miastir, -miastar

;

subj.

sg.

3 mestir, -mestar

milis, jweet.

miseuis, hatred.

mo', m', my.

moch,

mod,

early.

g.

;

fiit.

perf. sg. 3 romidair, pass, romess.

muid, m. manner, mood.

sg.

3

VOCABULARY.

moidem,

moidme,

g.

f

.

boasting

;

113

verb,

noun

of moidid.

The verb is in origin transitive, exalts moidid, boasts. hence it takes an infixed reflexive pronoun no-m-moidim etc. i n-, / boast of n-a-moidi, he boasts ;

:

;

;

molad,

molto, m. praise

g.

noun

verb,

;

of molaithir.

molaithir, praises.

mor, great

compar. of equality moir.

;

moralus, m. morality.

mos-, soon

only in composition with a verb.

;

moth, stupor. Moysi, Moses.

mug,

g.

mogo, moga, m.

muir,

g.

moro, mora, mara,

mullach,

munter,

muntire,

f.

-n-

:

2.

n,

relative particle.

of simple verbs

it is

But

it

huare as n-

3. 13,

a

2.

7

it is

Before specifically relative forms

prefixed, e.g. intan m-beres, 2. 22,

n-oingter, 39. 10.

Otherwise

household, folk.

see Infixed Pronoun.

1.

e.g.

n. sea.

mullaig, n. top.

g. g.

slave.

amal

follows corresponding copula forms,

m-ba n-

infixed, e.g. intain

34.

i,

a m-bas n- 34.

no-m-beid

9. 8,

4.

amal no-n-da

.

Its chief uses are

:

added optionally to the verb when a relative form an accusative relation, e.g. 3. 9. 18, 19, 7. 8, 10. 10, expresses (a) It is

I

VOCABULARY.

114

17. 19. 23. 24 (but without n, e.g. 1. 13, 7. 23, 18. 22, 19. 18) but not when it expresses a nominative relation, e.g. 6. 17, 9. 18 ;

has the force of an oblique case of the relative, e.g. in the praise wherewith he praised, 23. 22

(b) It

molad ro-m-molastar,

;

must

in d6ne as m-buidigthi, the speed with which thanks given. 34. 7

33. ii 5.

16

nf

;

laithe ro-n-g6nair, the day on which he was born, hed a m6it no-n-chretid-si, not only do ye believe it, ;

see further 3. 19, 27. 8, 18, 32.

:

2.

n

vSpecial instances of (b) are the uses of

After adjectives of manner,

(a) it is

:

dian do-r-r6ractid,

e.g. is

swiftly that ye have abandoned, 27. 20

;

is 16rithir

no-n-guidim-se, so diligently do I pray, 31.

(c) it is

inso

7.

After nominal and pronominal conjunctions, e.g. a n- 34. i. c6ne 34. 17, intan 2. 22, lasse, 6re

(/3)

amal 1.

be

2. 7,

15 airindi 33.

It is

u.

used in reported speech,

made manifest

that

it is

humble,

6.

foillsigthir as n-isel,

e.g.

19

:

cf 8. 4, 16. 6, 17. 17, .

18. 5, 6, 19. 10, ii.

used with a dependent subjunctive, ehumaing ara-n-isar, which cannot be found. 21. 19 (d) It

is

e.g. :

nad

cf. 7. 19,

9. 21, 17. 7, 19. 6, 12, 21. 22. 1.

na, nor.

2.

na, not.

11. 2

;

17. 17,

Used

(a)

(b) in relative or

anna

with the imperative,

e.g.

10. ii, 16

dependent negation, e.g. n-n-

33. 23, 34. 2.

12. 5, 6,

VOCABULARY.

1

15

nad, not, in relative or dependent negation (it aspirates except where it is followed by relative n), e.g. 8. 7. 10. i, 12. 5, 6, 13. 19. 18. 5, 20. 12, 21. 19. 24. 23, 26. 12, 27. 23. etc.

nach, nom. ace. neut. na, any. nach-, used for

2.

na before an infixed pronoun,

e.g. 8. 19,

10. 19, 11. 18, 22. 10, etc.

name,

g.

namma, nani

namat, m. enemy. only.

see nech.

:

nay!

nate,

nech, anyone, anything g. neieh, d. neuch, nom. ace. neut. Before a relative verb do neuch as doraid, conni, na-ni. ;

:

cerning whatever to

is difficult. 16. i

whomsoever shall

trust in

nechtar, either of two.

nem,

nime.

g.

Him,

;

do neuch no-dn-eirbea ind ,

17. 19, cf. 32. 10.

n.

nechtar n-ai, either of them.

n. heaven.

neph-chomthetarrachte, incomprehensible. nert, g. neirt, n. strength.

nertad, g. nerto, nerta,

m. strengthening, exhortation.

neutur, g. neutair, n. neuter. -ni

see

:

Emphasizing Pronoun.

1.

ni, n. thing

2.

ni,

not

nicon', 1.

1

;

not

in ;

;

g. neich, d.

neuch

:

see neeh.

independent negation. in

In later O.

See note on

independent negation. Tr. also

with

eolipsis of a dental, Ml. I

2

53a 17.

p. 1. 3

VOCABULARY.

Il6

no-, nu-, verbal particle.

It is

used

(a)

regularly with the

impf. ind., past subj., and sec. fut. of simple verbs,

when they

by any particle which requires the prototouic form of the verb (b) under similar conditions, in other parts are not preceded

:

of the simple verb to infix a personal (c)

in

some parts

pronoun or

relative -n-

of the verb in a relative function

:

see note

;

on

1.13n6', or

commonly it is,

nochis, yet

written

t.

that is to say.

n6ib, holy, a saint.

noibaid, sanctifies.

amanuensis.

notire, in.

nu-

:

see no-.

nuall, n. cry.

nuiadnisse (nvLe+fiadnisse), n. i.

6',

2 uait, sg. 3 uaidib.

with dat.

ua', prep,

onaib, uanaib

;

m.

from

:

rel.

ua

uad,

f.

with n.

Testament.

with

;

n-

New

art.

with

;

uadi, pi.

hua Abracham

suff.

;

glanad

dr6eht uaib, 27.

32. 17,

hua

3.

6, purification cf.

huan 38. 13

6

;

;

;

;

cf.

27.

40.

2,

doinscanna

from. 39. 23.

hua

ho aimsir, for a time, 42. cf.

uaim,

sg.

i.

22

;

6, begins

Partitive

6 b61ib, 12. 21, 6 chridiu 12. 22

bas, by the death, 11. 13

nooircthe 6 popul, 12. 15,

i

Of instrument or manner

18. 18.

sulib, with the eyes, 5.

pron. sg.

uainn, pi. 2 uaib, pi. 3

i

6 naeh fochun, from any cause, 34. 2 with, 39. 7

6nd', uand', lian',

:

:

;

traehtai, in splendour, 15.

Of the agent, by

15. 6, 39. 9, 10, 41.

n.

:

VOCABULARY.

2.

time

conj. (a) with perf., after

6',

liy

with

(b)

;

the

from

pret.,

that, since.

oc, ac, prep,

pron.

pi.

with dat. at

3 occaib.

with poss.

;

sg. 3 occa,

oca

;

with

suff.

oc suidiu 19. 17, occaib 37. 8, oc

:

precept 16. 20. oc tuistin 40. 5, oca thecht, as he so went, 32. 15.

With

noun and the substantive verb

a verbal

it

often

makes

a periphrastic form. e.g. biuu-sa oc irbaig, / am wont to be is oc precept sosceli att6, / am preaching the glorying. 1. 2 ;

Gospel, 1. 10.

ocu-ben, -ocrnan, touches

fut.

;

pi.

3 ocubiat, pass. sg. 3

ocubether. ocus',

and

commonly written

;

7.

6in, one.

man. regularly

oinar, one

fuirib for n-6inur,

lit.

in dat.

with poss. pron. alone, e.g. i.e. on you alone.

on you in your one man,

see ais.

6is

:

ol,

says

;

olse, says he

;

olsi,

says she

;

olseat, say they

;

ol

Duaid, says David-.

bad

olc, g. uilc,

olchene,

;

neut.

generally,

evil.

na n-abstal

olchene,

of

the

apostles

generally, 6. 14.

oldaas, than.

The second part

tive verb,

and

thou art

oldass, than he is

;

than he was

;

it is

of the

word

inflected, e.g. old6, than I ;

is

am

the substan;

oldai,

oldate, than they are

olambieid, than ye will be, etc.

;

than

olrhboi,

Il8

6n

VOCABULARY.

:

see s6n.

.v U/

ongid, anoints. orcaid, slays

pres. subj

;

6re, tiare (-n-), because

sg. 3 -orr

.

;

f ut. sg.

gen. sg. of 6r,

;

2

-f rr.

hour.

f.

peccad, g. pectho, pectha, n. pi. peethi, g. peethae,

pecthach,

g. pecthaig, sinful,

persan, g. persine,

f.

in. sin.

a sinner.

person.

popul, g. popuil, m. people. precept, g. preeepte,

f.

preaching, teaching.

preeept6ir, g. preeept6ro,

predchaid, preaches,

m.

teacher.

pres. ind.

pi.

rel.

3.

pridchite,

fut.

sg. 3 pridehibid.

radid, speaks.

ran-gabal, g. rangabalae,

rann, g. rainne,

f.

f.

participle.

part.

r

rath, rad, g. raith, n. grace.

re

n

-, ria

n

-,

prep, with dat.,

\