Morphology Exercises [PDF]

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PRACTICE EXERCISES Ex.1. Consider the following words and answer the questions below. a) loneliness

b) White House

c) unreliable

d) anti-aging pills

e) immobility

f) sweeteners

g) easiest

h) hunger strikers

i) unhappiness

j) lovelier

k) optionality

l) independently

Group the morphemes of these words into free morphemes and bound morphemes and state whether the bound morphemes are derivational or inflectional affixes. The first two words (loneliness and White House) have been done for you Word Loneliness White House Unreliable Anti-aging pills immobility sweeteners

Free morpheme lone

Bound morpheme Derivational affix Inflectional affix ly, ness

Ø

White, house rely Anti, age,pill mobile sweeten

Ø Un,able ing Im,ity er

Ø s s

Ex.2. Consider the following words and answer the questions below a. honeymoon

e. naked

i. barriers

m. optionality

b. impossibility

f. unbearable

j. fastest

n. prettier

c. comfortable

g. justice

k. publicity

o. communicate

d. examinees

h. unexceptionally

l. disobeys

p. nationwide

1) For each word, determine whether it is simple or complex 2) Circle all the bound morphemes. Underline all of the roots 3) Cross out all inflectional morphemes Ex.3.

Consider the following words a. postmodifiers

d. identifiable

g. malnutrition

b. delightful

e. mistreated

h. illogically

c. disobeys

f. spiteful

i. derivational

1) Draw a tree structure to each word 2) Establish the base and the root for each word Ex.4. Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases suggested below in order to make the passages meaningful (some words can be used twice) (3ms) affixes, bases, bound, bound, derivational, free, independent, infixes, inflectional, meaningful, morphemes, prefixes, single, suffixes, syllables, verb, morphology -----0 ------ is the arrangement and relationships of the smallest ------1------ units in a language. These minimum units of meaning are called -----2-------. Note that morphemes are not identical to ----3------: the form don't has one syllable but two -----4--------, do and not. Conversely, the word Wisconsin has three syllables but is a ------5-------- morpheme. It is often useful to distinguish between -----6-----and ------7-------morphemes. ---------8-------- morphemes can be used alone as ------9------- words - for example, take, for, each, the, panda. ----10------- morphemes form words only when attached to at least one other morpheme; re-, dis-, un-, -ing, -ful, and –tion are all bound morphemes. The most familiar bound morphemes are -----11------(that is, prefixes and suffixes), but even -----12-------- (forms to which affixes are attached) can be bound. An example of a bound base is the –cept of such words as except, accept, deceptive, and reception. Some languages also have ------13---------, which appear inside a word, but these are not important for English. Another classification of affixes distinguishes

-------14-----and -----15------affixes. For instance, the -s used to form plurals and the –ed used to indicate past tense are -------16-------- affixes. --------17--------- affixes may be either prefixes or suffixes. Most derivational ------18--------- simply change the meaning of the word to which they are attached

(uniform,

transplant,

microwave,

unbelievable,

desensitize).

Derivational ------19------ normally change the part-of-speech category and may also change the meaning of the word to which they are attached. For example, -ify in codify changes the noun code to a -----20-------. Ex.5. Represent the internal structure of the following words using tree structure and bracket diagram 1. undifferentiated (Adj) 2. underdeveloped (Adj)