Literary Terms - Pride and Prejudice [PDF]

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Literary Terms:

Irony: a word that is used where the meaning of the word is different than the reality surrounding it.

Verbal Irony is when someone says something they do not actually mean Situational irony is when both a character and the audience are not aware of a situation that they are in "I am perfectly convinced by it that Mr. Darcy has no defect. He owns it himself without disguise." Elizabeth is pointing out how she truly does believe that Mr. Darcy is full of flaws, despite her saying he has no defect.

Dramatic Irony is within a text and a character is not aware of the current situation they are in, but the audience is aware of it. “I have been meditating on the very great pleasure which a pair of fine eyes in the face of a

pretty woman can bestow." Mr. Darcy does not show Elizabeth Bennet affection, but the reader knows that he fancies her through quotes like this one. Elizabeth is amazed when Darcy proposes marriage to her because she did not know of the situation.

Situational Irony: a reaction to a turn of events within the layout of the plot “You must allow me to tell you how I ardently admire and love you”- Mr. Darcy. This lays out a change of events because Elizabeth Bennet believed for so long that she was despised by Mr. Darcy, and yet, he loves her. Sarcasm: bitter remarks used without actual intention of speaking truth, but to cover up a scheme or be funny. “If Jane should die; it would be comfort to know that it was all in pursuit of Mr. Bingley” Elizabeth sarcastically points out the ridiculousness of her sister being forced to risk her health just to gain the attention of a man.

Understatement: a phrase that is actually obvious or easily noticeable and is normally said in a sarcastic tone.

Hyperbole: a word or phrase used to exaggerate a certain situation in order to have more of a apparent influence. “The subject elevated him to more than usual solemnity of manner, and with a most important aspect he protested that he had never in his life witnesses such behavior in a person of rank- such affability and condescension as he had himself experienced from Lady Catherine.” Mr. Collins exaggerates the personality of Lady Catherine to the point where you would not recognize her personality once she is actually met.

Satire: used to make fun of or mock the occurrences that take place within the imperfections of being human in order to draw attention to them.

Horatian Satire: satire that is spoken in a tone of amusement and full of wit

Bathos: when an author uses many examples of metaphors or other literary devices to create a sense of depth and emotion

Parody: imitating something in order to evoke a comical effect Circumlocution: a rhetorical device that uses paradox and other things to express itself in an ambiguous way

Caricature: when someone or something is described in an exaggerated way in order to create a comical mood

Center of Consciousness: when a reader gets a glimpse directly into the mind and thoughts of a character

Participatory Narrator: when the narrator includes themselves as a possible character in the story

Subjective Narrator: when a story is told through a certain person’s perspective or point of view

Authorial Intervention: when the author “steps away” from the writing to speak directly to the reader

Theme: a subject matter or motif that unites the whole book together and acts as the main focus of the book

Motif: something, as in an idea or concept, that is present during the entire text that is obvious to the reader

Aphorism: a wise or common statement that is meant to be said as a universal truth Epistolary Novel: a novel that is written in a succession of several different manuscripts or letters that, when combined together, forms the whole book

Neoclassicism: when referring to text, it is writing using reasoning, logic, and practicality with these ideas coming from a time period between 1660 and 1798

Romanticism: a writing style that began in the early 19th century that encouraged independency and the ability to write or create art without following technicality rules

Three Volume Novel: when books were first being printed, it was easier and cheaper to print and bind them in three sections, and cause a demand for the second and third volumes of the book before they came out

Novel of Manners: the recreation, by means of texts, the manners that take place within an existent complex society

Tone: the attitude that the author writes with or the perspective that they display in regard to a certain character or situation within a book

Metonymy: replacing a word or phrase with something else that in informal, but could symbolize what is actually meant

Euphemism: a more pleasant, less punitive way of wording something that might be challenging to say or describe

Didactic: meant to teach moral standards or lessons about philosophy, politics, religion, or history

Pedantic: when something is described in a scholarly or “book-ish” jargon Sentimental: a writing that expresses and stands up for passionate and intelligent notions of sentiment

Coquettish: when someone is very flirtatious and frisky Allusion: a distant reference to an event, person, place, or object Anaphora: the repeating of a word to create more meaning or artistic style in writing Balanced Clauses: when two sentences that appear to have similar structure