Choose The Word/phrase That Best Completes Each of The Following Sentences [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

Choose the word/phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.

1.

The new school A. just twice as much as C. twice much more than

2.

Larry A. momentarily

complex

cost

_____

the B.

_____ forgot B. directly

city council had budgeted twice more by far D. almost twice as much

where he’d C. singularly

left

his

for. than as keys. shortly

D.

3. The Earth will be a planet where human beings, animals and plants live in peaceful _____. A. cooperation

B. coordination

4.

James could A. oppressive

5.

I A. disagreeing

6.

He’s A. put on carried

no

find a

C. corporation

longer bear the B. domineering the idea B. objectionable

bit

timid

and hasn’t B. get off

_____ of

yet

surroundings C. pressing

of

experimenting C. distasteful

the

D.

coexistence

decrepit D.

old house. overbearing

on

_____ the courage to C. plucked /SUMMON up

animals D. apply

_____. objective

for

the

job. D. through

7. Following the crime in Bradford High Street last Saturday afternoon, the police are checking_____ anyone who was there A. in for

at B. up on

the C. out of

time. over to

D.

8. According to a Government spokesman, further _____ in the public sector are to be expected. A. cutbacks

B. breakdowns

C. out-takes

D.

layouts

9. Under the weather or not, Ashcroft _____ 2 mins 13.8 secs, almost a second faster than her winning time last year. A. set

B. clocked

10.That

judge

is

feared

A. line

11.He

will be sued A. MULTIPLE fracture D.

12.You

shouldn’t A. prowl AROUND/ABOUT D.

13.Some

romantic the

dog

she

_____ of B. crack

takes contract

a

hard C. path if

he

D. _____

in

the

fight D.

does not do what C. rupture OF RELATIONSHIP

took

against he

drugs. rule

promised. breach

_____

into other’s B. prod SB INTO DOING

people private C. proceed

lives. pry

out

books

with the C. ladle

best medicines B. unfailing SUPPORT/ENTHUSIASM

A. infallible D.

15.The

for

novelists _____ B. spill

A. churn

14.Even

because B. lane

C. gained

same are

old

formula D.

every

not C. fail-proof

year. pour _____. falsified

was

a

A. sprouts

little subdued B. beans

yesterday,

but she’s C. chips

full

of

_____ D.

this

morning. berries

16.There are a lot of crooked people in big cities. If you don’t want to be cheated, you’ll need to keep your _____ about you. A. mind

B. wits

C. head

D.

brain

17.Just because we’ve had a good year, this does not mean that we cannot do better: we must not _____. A. have our head in the clouds C. count our blessings

B. D.

bury our rest

heads on

in our

the

sand laurels

18.There’s

nothing

as

A. glare

19.She

seems A. on her shoulder HAVE

to

be

cozy on B. sparkle

a

cold

evening as C. glow

angry with the whole B.HAVE A BEE in her bonnet NOTHING between

the

warm

_____ D.

world. She’s got C.KEEP ST under her hat the

a

of chip

a

fire. flame

_____. D. ears

20.How do you calculate the distance to the horizon? As a _____, it’s 7 miles + 1 mile per 100 ft above sea level. A. trick of the trade B. golden rule C. free hand D. rule of thumb Read the text, find the10 mistakes and correct them. You should indicate in which line the mistake is. Thirty years ago, the TV series UFO envisions/envisioned 1999 as an era when space fighters were launched from submarines, the world was in/under threat from alien invaders -and everyone carried a slide rule in a holster on their belts. Even as the programme was being made, pocket calculators were coming onto the market. There was a lesson about the future: it will overtake your wildest imaginings. If you focus on what /how existing technologies will develop, you miss the real changes - and threats. This autumn sees the changeover between/from keyboards and mice to using the human voice to dictate directly onto the screen, and to command the computer. Wonderful, you may think. A cure for repetitive strain injure/ịnjury (RSI), caused by repeated physical actions. Except that it will not be. It will transfer RSI from the wrist to the throat. The voice box is a very delicate instrument and we are not used to speak/speaking all the time. Even 200 words (taking a little over a minute to say) leaves us clearing our throats and sipping a drink. There will be catastrophes unless we learn how to use our voices safe/safely. Students who get up on the morning of an essay deadline to compose 4,000 words on a voice -operated computer could permanently damage their voices. Each new technological development tends to bring problems with it. Nobody had heard of RSI until word processors exploded onto the market. Long hours spent stare/staring into a computer monitor led to complaints of eyestrain, backache and even worries about radiation leaks from the screen. Repetitive computer related tasks are such a common features/feature of modern work that many companies are calling in ergonomic consultants to recommend ways to avoid RSI conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, a wrist condition commonly found in people who use keyboards. Companies found that by following their advices/advice, claims for injury or illnesses suffered by employees were greatly diminished. Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or particle. 1. The ship was bound ……… FOR……..Japan when it ran into typhoon. 2. You need to show that picture ………AGAINST…….a dark background. 3. I turned ………UP……..at the meeting but the others didn’t come. 4. Inside your passport, you should write the name of your next………OF……..kin. 5. We walked out of the room ………ON……..tiptoe, so as not to disturb the sleeping baby. 6. After the war, several people were tried for crimes ………AGAINST…….humanity. 7. I hate people who give…AWAY……………the end of a film that you haven’t seen. 8. Everyone approved of the scheme but when we asked for volunteers they all hung …………BACK……… 9. As nobody seems to know what to do next, may I put ……FORWARD……… a proposal? 10. Queen Victoria reigned ……OVER………..Britain and Ireland for over sixty years. 11. The government was finally brought ……DOWN………… by a minor scandal. 12. The murderer turned himself ………IN……….to the police one week after the crime. 13. We saw Ron’s mom lay ……………INTO…..him when he came home late last night. 14. Grandfather must be tired. He’s nodding …………OFF…/DOZE/ DROP ….in his chair. 15. Her husband promised to mend the broken wheel soon…………WITHOUT……fail. 16. His business is growing so fast that he must take ……ON……………more workers. 17. Who’ll compensate me ………FOR……… my loss? 18. Her uncle was given the award ……IN…………recognition of his services to the factory.

19. I must ask you not to allude ………TO…….my past indiscretions. 20. John has grown …………OUT OF………his habit of playing truant. Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets to complete the sentences. 1. The tiny village is the birthplace of one of the world’s most beloved bears, Smokey Bear, (be)__TO BE __precise! 2. While attempting to curb the inferno, a fire crew (rescue)__RESCUED___ a badly frightened cub (cling)_CLINGING___to a burnt pine tree. 3. The finding that the burial chamber (date)___DATES___back to 300 B.C has attracted many archeologists. 4. I was born in an area of southern France where fresh Mediterranean tastes and smells (abound)___ABOUNDS__. 5. The village’s first new houses for 20 years (be)__ARE____to be built next to Sane river. 6. What tune (play)___WAS BEING PLAYED_when they (come) _CAME___in? 7. I suppose when I (come) back in two years’ time, they (pull) ___WILL HAVE PULLED___down all these buildings. 8. It was the dreariest hotel I ( ever have)___HAD EVER HAD__the misfortune (stay)__TO STAY___in. 9. He would never miss (go)__HAVING GONE/ GOING__ to such good party. 10. There was nobody around. John (stand) __WAS STANDING__where she (leave) __HAD LEFT __him. 11. He wasn’t responsible. He wasn’t (blame)_TO BLAME____. 12. What a dangerous thing to do! You (kill)___COULD HAVE BEEN KILLED___. 13. I felt as if I (betray)__HAD BETRAYED___a confidence. 14. The accused denied (be)__BEING/ HAVING BEEN__in the vicinity of the murder scene. 15. It’s essential /IMPORTANT/ VITAL/ NECESSARY/ CRUCIAL /IMPERATIVE/ URGENT/ADVISABLE/COMPULSORY/ OBILGATORY/ MADANTARY/ SUGGEST/ ADVISE/PROPOSE/RECOMMEND/ORDER/ REQUEST/ DEMAND/ DECREE/ ADVOCATE/ URGE/INSIST/MOVE/LAY DOWN that all top security documents (stamp)__(SHOULD ) BE STAMPED__ Complete the text by writing a correct form of the word in CAPITALS . (0) has been done as an example. IS IT WORTH IT?

benefit fortune

confidential familiar wise

common mistake wake

likely holday

doubt foresee

It is (0) …commonly… believed that a break from everyday routine can only do you good. Every summer, you can spot prospective (1) ……HOLIDAY MAKERS…………….. at airports and waiting for car ferries. They are (2) ……… UNMISTAKABLE…………… - you can tell them a mile away by their sun hats and hopeful expressions. For all their optimism, what often actually happens can be a rude (3) ………AWAKENING……………. from the blissful holiday dreams of the rest of the year. Sunburn, mosquitoes and (4) …………UNFORSEEABLE………….. expenses can make you think twice about how (5) …………BENIFICAL …….. getting away from it all really is. The fact is, the (6) ……LIKLEIHOOD…………… of something going wrong is maximized when you are abroad and, (7) ……UNFORTUNATELY…………….., your ability to deal with crisis and catastrophe is often minimized. This could be because of language problems, (8) …… UNFAMILARITY…………….. with the culture, or simply a different climate, all of which make everything seem different and unreal. So, what is the answer? (9) …UNDOUBTEDLY………………., an annual escape from normal working life is a very positive thing. However, the (10) ………WISDOM…………. of seeking an exotic location is questionable when you think of

all the things that can go wrong. Choose the words/ phrases from the table below to complete the passage. As time 1. ______, the power of newspapers seems to be on the 2. ______ This is odd because in the relatively 3. ______ past, people were predicting that the influence of the written word would diminish in 4. ______ proportion to the rate of increase of the spoken word and moving image through TV and video. As people whole-heartedly 5. ______ the Internet and cable and satellite television, why don’t we see newspapers 6. ______ out? How have these organs survived, let alone/MUCH LESS 7. ______, particularly on a Sunday? Why don’t people who have watched a football match live on the small screen 8. ______ the wisdom of rushing out the next day to read a 9. ______ version of it in four or five columns? Why would anyone who has seen a film and formed a 10. ______ impression of it the following day read the review of the 11. ______ film in a newspaper? To see if s/he is right? Isn’t that what friends are for? Don’t we have colleagues for just that purpose – to see if our ideas on any 12. ______ song, film or program tally with others’? Wha is this product that 13. ______ of not much more than outrageous headlines, wayward comment, subjective editorials and hyperbolic sports pages still doing in our lives? It seems for the time 14. ______ to be leading a charmed life. When it finally goes, though, many may come to mourn its 15. ______ 1. A. flies B. passes C. goes D. drags 2. A. increase B. rise C. expansion D. build 3. A. latest B. distant C. immediate D. recent 4. A. exact B. direct C. precise D. equal 5. A. embrace B. view C. agree D. win 6. A. going B. decreasing C. dying D. declining 7. A. flourished B. bloomed C. flowered D. rooted 8. A. press B. question C. ask D. increase 9. A. curtailed B. cut C. reduced D. potted 10. A. vivid B. coloured C. bright D. direct 11. A. exact B. self-same C. last D. copied 12. A. given B. taken C. subjected D. written 13. A. comprises B. contains C. consists D. informs 14. A. out B. being C. given D. present 15. A. perishing B. dying C. falling D. passing Fill ONE suitable word in each blank Skateboard Some sports or activities have traditionally been (1)……CONNECTED…. with people, even though it is not always clear why. Skateboarders, for instance, are expected to (2)…B E…….teenagers wearing clothes four sizes too big for them. When you come to think of it, there’s (3)……NO…..practical reason why people over the age of 21 shouldn’t take (4)…… UP…the sport. Skateboarding involves a certain (5)…AMOUNT……. of falling off the board, (6)……WHICH..can of course be painful, but this also (7)……APPLIES…. to other sports like skiing or surfing. Sports should not be restricted (8)……TO……teenagers. There is (9)…NOTHING…….wrong with a grown - up gliding down the road on his or her board. (10)……AT………the same time, I must confess that I (11)……FELT…. a certain sympathy for my niece Emily when her father, my older brother Tom, announced that he was going skateboarding with her. At the age of 14 you are very conscious of (12)……WHAT……other people think of you. She knew all her friends would laugh at her if she arrived for the regular Saturday morning skateboarding sessions in the local park with her dad. Emily felt (13)…THE………embarrassment would be more than she could bear, so she kindly asked her father (14)……IF……he could go skateboarding somewhere else. Tom realized how embarrassed Emily must felt and (15)…………BURST….. out laughing Read the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction

There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites have had important effects on Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on Earth. Twice in the twentieth century, large meteorite objects are known to have collided with Earth. If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period of geological history. This break in Earth’s history is marked by a mass extinction, when as many as half the species on the planet became extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of years, those great creatures had flourished. Then, suddenly, they disappeared. The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite with amass of more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers. Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact. This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium and other elements that are relatively abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust of Earth. Even diluted by the terrestrial material excavated from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified. By 1990 geologists had located the impact site itself in the Yucatán region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter. This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavating a crater about twice as large as the lunar crater Tycho. The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere, as can be determined by measuring the thickness of the sediment layer formed when this dust settled to the surface. Such a quantity of material would have blocked the sunlight completely from reaching the surface, plunging Earth into a period of cold and darkness that lasted at least several months. The explosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid and melted rock that sprayed out overmuch of Earth, starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forest sand grassland. Presumably, those environmental disasters could have been responsible for the mass extinction, including the death of the dinosaurs. Several other mass extinctions in the geological record have been tentatively identified with large impacts, but none is so dramatic as the Cretaceous event. But even without such specific documentation, it is clear that impacts of this size do occur and that their results can be catastrophic. What is a catastrophe for one group of living things, however, may create opportunities for anothergroup. Following each mass extinction, there is a sudden evolutionary burst as new species develop to fill the ecological niches opened by the event. Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause global catastrophes and seriously influence the evolution of life all over the planet. According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions of species may be due to such impacts. Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of biological evolution. The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments. Yet an equally important criterion is the ability of a species to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts. Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected a few decades ago. In 1991 the United States Congress asked NASA to investigate the hazard posed today by large impacts on Earth. The group conducting the study concluded from a detailed analysis that impacts from meteorites can indeed be hazardous. Although there is always some risk that a large impact could occur, careful study shows that this risk is quite small. 1. The word “pose” in the passage is closest in meaning to A. claim B. model C. assume D. present 2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared? A. To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record B. To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of

the Cretaceous C. To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous D. To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster 3. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the location of the meteorite impact in Mexico? A. The location of the impact site in Mexico was kept secret by geologists from 1980 to 1990. B. It was a well-known fact that the impact had occurred in the Yucatán region. C. Geologists knew that there had been an impact before they knew where it had occurred. D. The Yucatán region was chosen by geologists as the most probable impact site because of its climate. 4. According to paragraph 3, how did scientists determine that a large meteorite had impacted Earth? A. They discovered a large crater in the Yucatán region of Mexico. B. They found a unique layer of sediment worldwide. C. They were alerted by archaeologists who had been excavating in the Yucatán region. D. They located a meteorite with a mass of over a trillion tons. 5. The word “excavating” in the passage is closest in meaning to A. digging out B. extending C. destroying D. covering up 6. According to paragraph 4, all of the following statements are true of the impact at the end of the Cretaceous period EXCEPT: A. A large amount of dust blocked sunlight from Earth. B. Earth became cold and dark for several months. C. New elements were formed in Earth’s crust D. Large quantities of nitric acid were produced. 7. The phrase “tentatively identified” in the passage is closest in meaning to A. identified after careful study B. identified without certainty C. occasionally identified D. easily identified 8. Paragraph 6 supports which of the following statements about the factors that are essential for the survival of a species? A. The most important factor for the survival of a species is its ability to compete and adapt to gradual changes in its environment. B. The ability of a species to compete and adapt to a gradually changing environment is not the only ability that is essential for survival. C. Since most extinctions of species are due to major meteorite impacts, the ability to survive such impacts is the most important factor for the survival of a species. D. The factors that are most important for the survival of a species vary significantly from one species to another. 9. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the following sentence? "Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected a few decades ago." Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Until recently, nobody realized that Earth is exposed to unpredictable violent impacts from space. B. In the last few decades, the risk of a random violent impact from space has increased. C. Since most violent events on Earth occur randomly, nobody can predict when or where they will happen. D. A few decades ago, Earth became the target of random violent events originating in outer space. 10. According to the passage, who conducted investigations about the current dangers posed by large meteorite impacts on Earth? A. Paleontologists B. Geologists C. The United States Congress D. NASA