Anglais PDF [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

Contenu du Module Anglais technique Partie 1 1-a- Compréhension écrite : Lecture et analyse de textes relatifs à la spécialité. 1-b- Compréhension orale : A partir de documents vidéo authentiques de vulgarisation scientifiques, prise de notes, résumé et présentation du document. Partie 2 2-a- Expression orale : Exposé d'un sujet scientifique ou technique, élaboration et échange de messages oraux (idées et données), Communication téléphonique, Expression gestuelle. 2-b- Expression écrite : Extraction des idées d’un document scientifique, Ecriture d’un message scientifique, Echange d’information par écrit, rédaction de CV, lettres de demandes de stages ou d'emplois.

Technical English Content Part 1 1-a-Reading comprehension ; reading and analysis of texts related to the specialty: 1-b-Oral comprehension: from authentic vedeo material of scientific popularization, note taking , summary and presentation of the document Part 2 2-a- Oral expression: presentation of a scientific or technical subject,development and exchange of oral messages (ideas and data), Telephone communication. 2-b-written expression extraction of ideas of a scientific document, writing of a messages,exchange of inforomation in writing, writing of resumes, letters of request for internships or jobs.

Edit-Chebbi R -2020

UNIVERSITÉ MOHAMMED KHIDER BISKRA

1 ST SCIENCE (CLASS) NOW I FEEL GREAT AND SELF-CONFIDEN

Ndugu Rukia Okashi is a 53 year old farmer living in Arusha, Tanzania. She grows maize, beans and vegetables, has seven children and become literate about ten years ago. She says. There is a great difference in my present situation when compared with the old days. A lot of changes have taken place. When I was required to sign various papers and documents, I could only use the thumb and one never knew what exactly one was signing.consequently, you could sometimes suffer injustices and exploitation. Now that I am literate, no one can ask me to sign blindly. I first have to ask what the whole business is all about, I read the papers myself, and its only after I am satisfied that I agree to sign. if I don’t agree with the contents of the documents, I just don’t sign. Whereas before one could never refuse to sign a document: you were just asked to put your thumb print. Literacy has helped me in many ways. Now I feel great and self-confident. I have the ability to refuse or disagree whereas formerly I easily become a victim of great injustices because I was illiterate.

Edit-Chebbi R -2020

UNIVERSITÉ MOHAMMED KHIDER BISKRA History Much of early chemistry (1661-~1900) was analytical chemistry since the questions of what elements and chemicals were present in the world around us and what are their fundamental natures is very much in the real of analytical chemistry. There was also significant early progress in synthesis and theory which of course are not analytical chemistry. During this period significant analytical contributions to chemistry include the development of systematic elemental analysis by Justus von Liebig and systematized organic analysis based on the specific reactions of functional groups. The first instrumental analysis was flame emissive spectrometry developed by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff who discovered rubidium (Rb) and caesium (Cs) in 1860. Most of the major developments in analytical chemistry take place after 1900. During this period instrumental analysis becomes progressively dominant in the field. In particular many of the basic spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques were discovered in the early 20th century and refined in the late 20th century. The separation sciences follow a similar time line of development and also become increasingly transformed into high performance instruments. In the 1970s many of these techniques began to be used together to achieve a complete characterization of samples. Starting in approximately the 1970s into the present day analytical chemistry has progressively become more inclusive of biological questions (bioanalytical chemistry), whereas it had previously been largely focused on inorganic or small organic molecules. Lasers have been increasingly used in chemistry as probes and even to start and influence a wide variety of reactions. The late 20th century also saw an expansion of the application of analytical chemistry from somewhat academic chemical questions to forensic, environmental, industrial and medical questions, such as in histology.

Edit-Chebbi R -2020

UNIVERSITÉ MOHAMMED KHIDER BISKRA

3 science Air pollutants Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere. The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems. An air pollutant is known as a substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment. Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or man-made. Pollutants can be classified as either primary or secondary. Usually, primary pollutants are substances directly emitted from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption, the carbon monoxide gas from a motor vehicle exhaust or sulfur dioxide released from factories. Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. An important example of a secondary pollutant is ground level ozone - one of the many secondary pollutants that make up photochemical smog. Note that some pollutants may be both primary and secondary: that is, they are both emitted directly and formed from other primary pollutants.

Edit-Chebbi R -2020