Aeschylus: Agamemnon, Volume III Commentary on 1056–1673, Appendices, Indexes [PDF]

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AESCHYLUS

AGAMEMNON EDITED WITH A COMMENTARY BY

EDUARD FRAENKEL

VOLUME III COMMENTARY ON

1os6-1673

APPENDIXES, INDEXES

OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

Oxford University Press, A.men Howe, .LotuUm E.C.4 OLASOO\Y N&W YOJUC TORONTO M&UIOUIUllt \Y&LLlNOTON llOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS XAllACHI LA.HOR• DACCA CAPll TOWN SAUSBURY IBADAM NAIROBI AC'AH & SOHS I.TD. PROM eoaa•CT•D SHUTS 01' THlt FIRST &DITION

1!)62

CONTENTS VOLUME III COMMENTARY ON

1056-1673 .

481

APPE'NDICES

On the Postponement of certain Important Details in Archaic Narrative . B. On the Weapon with which, according to the Oresteia, Agamemnon was murdered c. Cho. 991-1oo6 . • D. The Footprints in the Choephoroe E. Short Syllables before Initial )~ute and Liquid in· the Lyrics of Aeschylus F. The Word-order in Ag. 1434 ou ll"' ;&{Jou p.l>..a.Opov ~"ls lµ TJ(ITfi , A.

805

8o6 809 815

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA TO COM.MENTA.RY

.

829

INDEXES

.

833

COMMENTARY 1056 f. Tei ~ev ycip .•• a~o.ycis 1n1p6s. Some commentators (cf., too, Conington on Clio. 183) and Kiihner-Gerth, i. 384, have taken lcrrfus µ.d).ou as a local genitive, and have adduced parallels some of which are quite inappropriate. Paley rightly obje.a. together, though, of course, Hennann's observation must be regarded, 'respondent sibi Ta µ& et a.,,C.S w&pos, and consequently they put it into the text. This may serve as an emergency support for the construction, but I would not like to trust its solidity. The fact that several heterogeneous parts of the sentence come between la-rlas p..ou and w&por disturbs me, and my qualms are not 1 n would be wrong, however, to regard this with Schncidcwin as 'an ominous combination' (the so.me view is expressed in grosser form by G. Thomson: 'the other victims arc ready; do you therefore make haste'). Before the af.pcaranc:e of Hcnnann's edition W. Sewell had pointed out (notes on his translation) that the sepamtion of ff µ'v from µfjMi is important'. Unfortunately he, too, advocates a dark ID11yopcir: 'll\e indefinite Tel µO. is in Clytemnestra's mind .Agamemnon; the µ~a. is added aftcnvards as if to prevent suspicion.' The connexion seems to me quite simple: 'the victim is rc:idy, and you (you arc delaying the holy rite) make haste I' The relation between the µIv ••• and the 81 ••• clauses is neither more nor less advcrsativc than, e.g., Prom. I-3· " I take A. Cho. 63 f, in the same way, Tel 8' 0. µtta,xµtw, oleho11 p.lr" XPOrlCovr4$ (a certain emendation) 4)(71: 'but other things in the twilight await th~ who linger on, woes'. Herc .,cl 81 prepares the way for d)(71 just as in .Ag. 1056 .,a µiv docs !or p.fjla, Of course. this ff 8l has the same function as if we said 'in other cases'. The slight irregularity (Tel 8' h between 62 Toils- µIv and 65 Nils- 8l) serves the purpose of avoiding monotony.

417.l,J

B

48x

lines xo56 f.

COMMENTARY

allayed by Head.lam's reference (C.R. xvii, 1903, 287) to 129 11&.v-ra. 8( mJpyl.tJv K'rljV7J 11pkO" or indeed to.Theocritus' studied concluding clause (16. lo8 f.) -rl yd.p Xapl-rl.tJV aya71'aTOV °"8ptlnrois a71'&vcu8cv. There is still another troublesome point, about which the commentators say nothing. l.rutos ICGTo$ifop.&, &fp« l8wµfl'. 2 .Against this cf., e.g., CM. 712, 983 or E. Ale. 545 f. (first a complete sentence concludes the stichomythia, then comes a new sentence, d.owBh01S, containing an order to the servant). > Compared with such an assumption even Keck's attempt was better. He followed A. Ludwig in putting the two lines xo6o f. alter 1052 and took them RS 11ddressed to the Chorus, reading ~ 3l)(01T' l11os-. Of course neither the conjecture nor the rearrangement bears closer examination.

line 1o61

COMMENTARY

Verrall ('in that case we should suppose that the sentence is impatiently broken off at >.&yov'-scJrkd1t -utul tnOtkrn, to borrow Faust's phrase).~d confidently by A. Y. Campbell, Murray, and G. Thomson. Now since the Chorus happens to consist not of barbarians but of Greeks, Wecklein splits the phrase Kap{M.vw' x~pl ('give the foreign woman a sign with your hand'), while A. Y. Campbell, who construes in the same way (p. 103 of his edition), introduc.es a pedisequus, and Thomson weakens the force of Kap{J&vw' and paraphrases: oV s• an2 +wvfis p&Cc &ow&w, Kal p,ala., x~pL Is it really necessary to say that the weighty word Ka.pp&vw' can only refer to the woman who has just been described as tf>w~v {J&p{Ja.pov K~ICTTJf'l"r" and upon whose foreign origin and language so much stress is laid here and later (1200)? There is no linguistic obstacle in the way of referring 0-U 8' to Cassandra. Cf. in addition to the commentaries and Denniston, Parlicks, 177 ff. (in particular 18x), Rupprecht, Hermes, lxxili, 1938, 244. Em1i. 885 ff. ci.U' 1e clxc (oil y?z.p UtJJIUaav cLU~>.(1111), 'J'fjL 8~ xccpt ~t/ipaC< ls ri)v &rrcpalTJll l>.9c'UI KTA., and for the relation between clnV .awct: this serves as a sort of kitmotiv on a small scale for the Cassandra scene, cf. u36, 1143, usS, 1274, and, with increased emphasis, u95. Th~ effect is deepened when in IIQ7 Cassandra thus addresses the Clytemnestra of her vision. · 1071. ica(vwov ~uy6v: Abresch referred to Hesychius 1ecuvlo-cu • 1ecuv&>, XP'faa.afJaL. The earliest examples of the verb are this and Clio. 492. 5 Wackernagel, V ermischle Beitriige, 38, points out that in Aeschylus throughout and in some passages in Sophocles and Herodotus 1ea.w&s with its derivatives exhibits its original sense 'unusual, e.""Ctraordinary', cf. on¢. At the beginning of the line the slight alteration t!&'.Kova' has received almost universa:I acceptance. Perhaps it is right. The MS reading i1e0Ga' &vc£y1n7' Tfi'8e KT.\. leaves the dative without any connexioµ (even if Ciro. 492 wL a' J1ea.bura.v can be retained, it does not constitute a parallel). The artificialities of Vcrrall ('clvc£y1n7' a possessive dative. The &.v&.y1CJ7 is personified as imposing the yoke') and Pliiss (similar, in the main, to Verrall) refute themselves. We should, however, be reluctant to part with 41eoOao.. The difference is not very 1 lly attention was directed to this article and to those mentioned later by Paul Jo.cobsthal. a The reader who has no access to Pcmice's o.rticlc will find o. good photograph of a 'very severe bit, for use in hard mouths, probably of the fifth or fourth century' in the little book Tiu Daily Life of lk Graks and Romans, published for the Metropolitan 'Museum of Art by Helen McClccs (19-11), p. 1o8, fig. 132·

' Wilamowitz, Pitularos, 372 n. 4, rightly agrees. 4 [Dio Chrys.) 63. 4 f. (ai, p. r46 v. Amim) d1111rr11 8~ lXo~ Tfis ,lJc&vot Joe"&'" ZAmro (Apclles) d.~poO XPli'IL"i olov av yl)o0cro l''Yinos 11f1'4'0S ""l {,ypoO K4rcl owcxij 1'1€"' ••• 1111'" ,U lrrcppa1110tknis 1'Qi d~/)G)c -rijs lK 'FOO X~lllOO uPf'4~ and later xpcfJ1L4.,a lo1#C&ra d~c ifcµCL•

YI'"-""· ' If in that passage we arc to follow Conington's proposal and read ~ (Abrcsch, Blom· field) llCCIL"aas (this was o.cccpted by Paley, Sidgwick1 Wccklcin in his commcntnry, Verrall, Murray, G. Thomson), the usage would be cxo.ctly parallel in both passages.

486

AMOIBAION (1072-1177)

Aubstantial; but it seems more delicate, and more in keeping with the general l\ttitude of the leader of the Chorus, if he says not 'yield to compulsion' but 'willingly take the yoke upon you as something unaccustomed'. So it is worth asking afresh whether Casaubon's l1e0Gcr' &11c£y1a7s -riju8f: 1e. {. is not proferable. J1eofXTa., placed emphatically at the beginning, implies 'before she has you fotcibly dragged into the house'. If this is correct, the speaker is here tnlcing up again, and this time with success, his request of 1054, wov (a fuller form of this scholion is to be found Eeym. M. 6o. 8 s.v. 4.\EV&Ba.). Besides this ex"Planation, we find two others put forward in schol. E. Plwen. 12¢ t/>ai M tf,.ov, 8s aUv s,· ~xlpoYT' 1l1ccl/JfTa' ,,.av &'crro>.ov (cf. Wilamowitz, Inkrj>r. 84. n. l) µfM.yKpoKov 8(wpl8a, 11\v d.1111.£iv this was the oldest example until recently. Now we Juwc the word in Hippona."'C, Pap. Oxy. 2174, fr. 9. S. 1079. For the use of the participle TTpocnfKwv in the sense of w' TTpocrqK'' cf. l>obrunner, M'flSeum Helvetumu, i, 1944, 38, who quotes similar instances. y6ots picks up 8pijvos (1075), cf. on 57. 1081. ci.yu,a,.a.: 'then her eye falls upon the .>. TOIJTovl in Menander [and also, e.g., Ar. Tlustn. 1-tS] has reminded us again' (Wilamowitz, In/Qpr. 173; cf. Wilamowitz, Mcuanders Schiedsgmcht, lo). Stanley's explanation, based on schol. Ar. Wasps 875 and Hesychius s.v. cyy~s "H>.,•, WS ,.,., ¢1T~A.raas 1ea.i -r&vs•. ~11'0AAWJI s• lv {JpOTo"is &pOGJs 1ea.Aij, IC'TA. Stanley compared this fragment and also Archilochus fr. 30 D. O.va.f '11TOAAov, 1ea2 ao 'TOOS plv al-rfuus cnjµaw~ iGJs '.) Stylistically this usage can be compared with that of o~x 0.1Taf, cf. Headlam, On Editing Aeschylfl.s, 43; W. Schulze, K-uhns Zeitsclrr. lvii, 1930, 117 = Kl. Sehr. 222. ~o S«uTcpov: as she herself is later (12xx ff.) to explain. 1083. xp~a'"' io,Kcv: the Chorus infers this from Cassandra's ecstatic attitude; the further conclusion J.1'41-rGJv a.Vrijs 1ea1eGJ11 is derived from the words to Hermes, by Otfricd Muller, Weil, Wecklein, and Blass as referring to Agamemnon. Blass seems to me to have proved finally that the last view is correct; the ~cement of 489 with s83 f. is conclusive. Nor should we neglect what Blass says about the impossibility of finding the clyvcs IC'T~. 1o8x f. But the trance of the seeress takes a different 1·ourse : not until xx37 ff. is she obsessed by the visions of her own fated end (there the words of the Chorus, xx40 f. cif«f,l s• a~cis Opo('is, bark back to 1o83). 1084. Asyndeton explicativum. The form of the sentence is that of a general umxim, but, as usual, it is applied to the case in hand. TO 8c'lov: this passage and Cho. 958 seem to be the earliest certain instances 11! a. conception which was afterwards to play a prominent part in Greek I hought. It must not, however, be overlooked that here the meaning is limited to the faculty and inspiration derived from, and given by, the god, 11i11inalio. The sense seems to be very much the same when a soothsayer says (Ar. Birds ¢5) ..,.o 8Eiov l11moS,Cl µ~. SouMa' 'll'«p «v +pcv(: an enietulatio .palmaris. 1083 f. It is assumed that Cassandra's gift of prophecy is known to the C'horus, cf. 1098 and, in general, on 1035. 1087. Stanley's idea that there is a play on the etymology of ayv&Et$ (a110 Toii 1fy1w) should n