1.TITLE: A. Synthesis and Characterization of PVDF Membrane For Waste [PDF]

Zitiervorschau

1.TITLE: a. Synthesis and characterization of PVDF membrane for waste water treatment. b. BROAD CLASSIFICATION: Waste water treatment is broad area of the field and is still practiced using some conventional methods (e.g., RO systems, Ion exchange techniques). Currently, these conventional methods are being replaced by the ultrafiltration and nanofiltration due to adtvantageous NF membranes. The need for more efficient treatment processes has attracted the attention of environmental scientists and engineers towards pressure-driven membrane processes. Use of membrane in various applications like waste water treatment, food processing, desalination and many other separations is increased day by day. In the recent years, use of membranes became increasingly important, especially in the biotechnology and food industry for concentration and separation of fermentation and food products with high purity and yield. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a widely used polymer for the preparation of membranes for industrial processes. PVDF membrane processes have been used in the wastewater treatment processes but it has also been studied widely in fields like protein purification, clarification of juices, clarification of wine and beer, drinking water treatment system, monoclonal antibody purification.

C. BASIC RESEARCH

2.OBJECTIVE: A. BROAD OBJECTIVE: The aim of our work is to synthesize polymer membrane of PVDF by dissolving in the solvents like NMP, DMF, etc. and use synthesised PVDF membranes for study of waste water nanofiltration. Broadly our objective is to study and develop membranes with appreciable transmembrane pressure (P) and better water flux along with good anti fouling property. The proposed work will focus on the investigation of the characteristics of polymer membrane in terms of morphology, water uptake, molecular weight cut-off, flux reduction, solute rejection etc. using SEM analysis and pressurized filtration system. After preparation, required modification in the membrane characteristics will be achieved by adding additives such as PEG, polyvinyl alcohol, TiO2, LiCl. Lastly, to study the effect of additives on morphology, pore size distribution for rejection of various salt impurities, dye waste water etc. B.PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Primary objective is the synthesis of PVDF membrane and application of that membrane for waste water treatment. In this context the work will focus on following aspects.  Understanding the phase inversion method for preparation of polymer membrane  To characterize the synthesized pvdf membrane in terms of flux, wettability, morpholgy etc.  Understanding the nature of pvdf membrane interaction with solute, synthetic dye waste water, etc.  Membrane surface modification and performance evaluation of modified membrane (with additives).  Chemical cleaning of fouled membrane

3. APPLICATIONS:  Removal of VOCs and ammonia from waste water. Checking it at diff. operating conditions.  Membrane distillation  Acid gas absorption/ desorption using membrane [so2 removal]  Boron removal  Recovery of biofuels by pervaporation  For composite membrane  protein purification  Clarification of sugarcane juice in sugar industry.

4. ABSTRACT: Across the world, there continues to be huge volumes of wastewater pumped directly into rivers, streams and the ocean itself. The impact of this is severe – aside from the damage to the marine environment and to fisheries it can cause, it does little to preserve water at a time when many are predicting that a global shortage is just around the corner. Pure, safe, reliable and sustainable supply of fresh water is integral for existence of human society and vital for agriculture, industry, energy production, and domestic usage. In fourth century BC, people used to obtain fresh water from sea water by the process of evaporation. As the time proceeded, scientific community exploited the potency of cellulose acetate membrane to reject NaCl from aqueous solution. Nowadays researchers are utilizing polysulfone, modified polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, aromatic polyamides and their composites with other surface modifiers for the preparation of filtration membranes. There are many traditional methods for effluent water treatment such as RO systems, Ion exchange etc. However, membrane separation technology has been widely used in the field of waste water treatment owing to its high separation efficiency and relatively simple process. The major research in same field is done on

preparation and characterization of polysulfone and its composite membranes. The proposed work will focus on the preparation of such NF membrane from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for waste water treatment. Less literature data for the composite membranes of pvdf is one of the leading point to the proposed work. The advantageous character of pvdf allows it to be strongest and more flexible polymer with respect to others. Also, it can tolerate acids but resistant to caustic upto pH-11. The membrane characteristics will be investigated through measuring its transmembrane pressure, morphology, wettability to find out the hydrophilic nature of the membrane, molecular weight cut-off of the membranes. The main target is to achieve particular set of characteristics, which will be attained by the surface modification of the membrane through addition of the additives such as PEG, poly vinyl alchohol, LiCl to ensure the nano sized pores in SEM image and its hydrophilic nature through contact angle data. The prepared membrane will have application in chemical industry for dye waste water removal, protein purification etc.